1
顧時，字時舉，濠人。 倜儻好奇略。 從太祖渡江，積功由百夫長授元帥。 取安慶、南昌、廬州、泰州，擢天策衛指揮同知。 李濟據濠州，時從平章韓政討降之。 攻張士誠升山水寨，引小舫繞敵舟，舟中多俯視而笑。 時乘其懈，帥壯士數人，大呼躍入舟。 眾大亂，余舟競進。 五太子來援，薛顯又敗之，五太子等降。 遂從大將軍平吳，旋師取山東。
Gu Shi, whose courtesy name was Shiju, came from Haozhou. Bold and unconventional, he delighted in daring schemes. He crossed the Yangzi with Taizu and, rising on merit, advanced from centurion to marshal. After capturing Anqing, Nanchang, Luzhou, and Taizhou, he was promoted to vice commander of the Tiance Guard. When Li Ji held Haozhou, Gu Shi joined Pacification Commissioner Han Zheng in the campaign to reduce him. During the assault on Zhang Shicheng's Shengshan river fort, he sent small boats skirting the enemy fleet, and many on the enemy ships leaned over the rails to laugh. Gu Shi seized their negligence, took a handful of stalwarts, and with a shout leaped aboard. The enemy ranks broke in chaos, and the rest of the fleet pressed in at once. When the Fifth Prince came to the rescue, Xue Xian defeated him again, and the Fifth Prince and his force surrendered. He then marched with the grand general to pacify Wu, and afterward turned his columns toward Shandong.
2
洪武元年，拜大都督府副使兼同知率府事。 從大將軍定河南北，浚閘以通舟師，自臨清至通州。 下元都，與諸將分邏古北諸隘口。 從大軍取平陽，克崞州，獲逃將王信等四十六人。 取蘭州，圍慶陽。 張良臣耀兵城下，擊敗之，獲其勁將九人。 良臣乃不敢復出。 慶陽平。 徐達還京，令時將騎兵略靜寧州，走賀宗哲。 西邊悉平。
In Hongwu 1 (1368), he was made deputy commissioner of the Chief Military Commission and concurrently vice director of the Staff Office. He followed the grand general in pacifying the regions north and south of the Yellow River, dredged the locks to open the water route for the fleet from Linqing to Tongzhou. After the fall of the Yuan capital, he and the other generals divided the Gubeikou passes among themselves. He marched with the main army to take Pingyang, captured Guozhou, and seized forty-six fugitive officers including the general Wang Xin. He captured Lanzhou and laid siege to Qingyang. When Zhang Liangchen paraded his troops before the walls, Gu Shi routed him and took nine of his best generals prisoner. After that Zhang Liangchen did not dare sally forth again. Qingyang was pacified. When Xu Da returned to the capital, he ordered Gu Shi to lead the cavalry in a sweep of Jingning and drive off He Zongzhe. The western frontier was brought entirely to order.
3
三年進大都督同知，封濟寧侯，祿千五百石，予世券。 四年為左副將軍，副傅友德帥河南、陝西步騎伐蜀。 自興元進克階、文，敗蜀兵於漢州，遂克成都。 明年副李文忠北征，分道入沙漠。 迷失道，糧且盡。 遇寇，士疲不能戰。 時帥麾下數百人，躍馬衝擊。 敵眾引去，獲其輜重糧畜以歸，軍聲大振。 六年從徐達鎮北平。 逾年，召還。 八年復出鎮。 十二年卒，年四十六。 葬鐘山。 追封滕國公，諡襄靖，祔祭功臣廟。
In the third year he was promoted to associate commissioner of the Chief Military Commission, enfeoffed as Marquis of Jining with fifteen hundred piculs of grain, and granted a hereditary patent of nobility. In the fourth year he became left deputy general and seconded Fu Youde in leading the infantry and cavalry of Henan and Shaanxi against Shu. Advancing from Xingyuan, he took Jie and Wen, routed the Shu forces at Hanzhou, and then captured Chengdu. The following year he seconded Li Wenzhong on the northern campaign, and their columns entered the desert by separate routes. They lost their way, and their provisions were nearly gone. When they met the enemy, the men were too exhausted to give battle. Gu Shi led several hundred of his own men, spurred his horse forward, and charged the enemy. The enemy withdrew; he seized their baggage train, grain, and livestock and returned, and the army's morale soared. In the sixth year he joined Xu Da in garrisoning Beiping. After more than a year he was recalled to court. In the eighth year he returned to the frontier garrison. He died in the twelfth year, at the age of forty-six. He was buried on Bell Mountain. He was posthumously enfeoffed as Duke of Teng with the temple name Xiangjing, and his tablet was placed in the Temple of Meritorious Officials.
4
時能以少擊眾，沉鷙不伐。 帝甚重之。 子敬，金吾衛鎮撫，十五年嗣侯，為左副將軍。 平龍泉山寇有功。 二十三年追論胡惟庸黨，榜列諸臣，以時為首，敬坐死，爵除。
Gu Shi could rout larger forces with smaller numbers; reserved and self-contained, he never boasted of his deeds. The emperor held him in high esteem. His son Jing, garrison commander of the Jinyu Guard, succeeded to the marquisate in the fifteenth year and served as left deputy general. He distinguished himself in suppressing the bandits of Longquan Mountain. In the twenty-third year, when the Hu Weiyong faction was prosecuted retroactively, a public list of implicated ministers placed Gu Shi at the head; Jing was executed, and the marquisate was abolished.
5
吳禎，江國襄烈公良弟也。 初名國寶，賜名禎。 與良俱從克滁、和，渡江克採石，從定集慶。 下鎮江、廣德、常州、宣城、江陰，皆有功。 又從常遇春自銅陵取池州，以舟師毀其北門，入城。 敵艦百余至，復大敗之，遂克池州。 積功，由帳前都先鋒累遷為天興翼副元帥。 以千人助良守江陰，數敗吳兵，破士誠水寨，擒其驍將硃定。 授英武衛親軍指揮使。 又大破吳兵於浮子門。 從大將軍徐達帥馬步舟師取湖州，勒奇兵出舊館，大捷。 湖州平，遂戍之。 從圍平江，破葑、胥二門，進僉大都督府事，撫平江。 尋副征南將軍湯和討方國珍，乘潮入曹娥江，毀壩通道，出不意直抵軍廄。 國珍亡入海。 追及之盤嶼，合戰，自申至戌，敗之，盡獲其戰艦士卒輜重，國珍降。 復自海道進取福州，圍其西、南、水部三門，一鼓克之。
Wu Zhen was the younger brother of Wu Liang, Duke of Jiang, posthumously titled Xianglie. His original name was Guobao; the throne granted him the name Zhen. He and Liang followed the campaigns that took Chuzhou and Hezhou, crossed the Yangzi to capture Caishi, and helped secure Jiqing. He distinguished himself in the reduction of Zhenjiang, Guangde, Changzhou, Xuancheng, and Jiangyin. He also followed Chang Yuchun from Tongling to take Chizhou, where the fleet breached the north gate and entered the city. When more than a hundred enemy ships arrived, he routed them again and took Chizhou. Through accumulated merit he rose from vanguard commander in the imperial guard to deputy marshal of the Tianxing Wing. With a thousand men he helped Liang hold Jiangyin, repeatedly defeated the Wu forces, broke Zhang Shicheng's river stockade, and captured his crack general Zhu Ding. He was appointed commander of the personal guard of the Yingwu Guard. He again routed the Wu forces at Fuzi Gate. He followed Grand General Xu Da in leading horse, foot, and fleet against Huzhou, sent elite troops out from Jiuguan, and won a great victory. After Huzhou was pacified, he garrisoned the city. He took part in the siege of Pingjiang, breached the Fu and Xu gates, was promoted to commissioner of the Chief Military Commission, and pacified the city. He soon seconded Southern Expedition General Tang He against Fang Guozhen, entered the Cao'e River on the tide, breached the dam to open a channel, and by surprise struck straight at the enemy encampment. Fang Guozhen fled to sea. They overtook him at Pan Isle and fought from mid-afternoon until evening; he was defeated, and they seized his entire fleet, army, and baggage train before Fang Guozhen surrendered. He advanced again by sea to take Fuzhou, invested the west, south, and water gates, and captured the city in a single assault.
6
十一年，奉詔出定遼，得疾，輿還京師。 明年卒。 追封海國公，諡襄毅，與良俱肖像功臣廟。 子忠嗣侯。 二十三年追論禎胡惟庸黨，爵除。
In the eleventh year he was ordered to pacify Liaodong; he fell ill and was carried back to the capital in a litter. He died the following year. He was posthumously enfeoffed as Duke of Hai with the temple name Xiangyi, and his portrait was placed in the Temple of Meritorious Officials alongside Liang's. His son Zhong succeeded to the marquisate. In the twenty-third year, when Wu Zhen was prosecuted retroactively as a member of the Hu Weiyong faction, the marquisate was abolished.
7
薛顯，蕭人。 趙均用據徐州，以顯為元帥，守泗州。 均用死，以泗州來降，授親軍指揮，從征伐。 南昌平，命顯從大都督硃文正守之。 陳友諒寇南昌，顯守章江、新城二門。 友諒攻甚急。 顯隨方御之，間出銳卒搏戰，斬其平章劉進昭，擒副樞趙祥。 固守三月，乃解。 武昌既平，鄧仲謙據新淦不下，顯討斬之，因徇下未附諸郡縣。 以功擢江西行省參政。 從徐達等收淮東，遂伐張士誠。 與常遇春攻湖州。 別將游軍取德清，攻升山水寨。 士誠遣其五太子盛兵來援，遇春與戰，小卻。 顯帥舟師奮擊，燒其船。 眾大潰，五太子及硃暹、呂珍等以舊館降，得兵六萬人。 遇春謂顯曰：「今日之戰，將軍功，遇春弗如也。」 五太子等既降，吳人震恐，湖州遂下。 進圍平江，與諸將分門而軍。 吳平，進行省右丞。
Xue Xian came from Xiao County. When Zhao Junyong held Xuzhou, he appointed Xue Xian marshal and stationed him at Sizhou. After Junyong's death he surrendered Sizhou, was appointed commander of the personal guard, and took part in the campaigns. After Nanchang was pacified, he was ordered to serve under Chief Commissioner Zhu Wenzheng in its defense. When Chen Youliang attacked Nanchang, Xue Xian held the Zhangjiang and Xincheng gates. Chen Youliang pressed the assault fiercely. Xue Xian met each threat as it arose, and from time to time sent crack troops out to fight hand to hand; he slew the Pacification Commissioner Liu Jinzhao and captured Vice Director Zhao Xiang. After three months of stubborn defense the siege was lifted. After Wuchang fell, Deng Zhongqian held Xingan and refused to submit; Xue Xian campaigned against him, executed him, and then brought the remaining unsubdued prefectures and counties to heel. For his services he was promoted to administrative commissioner of the Jiangxi Branch Secretariat. He followed Xu Da and others in recovering eastern Huai, then marched against Zhang Shicheng. He attacked Huzhou alongside Chang Yuchun. As a detached commander he led mobile columns to take Deqing and assaulted the Shengshan river fort. Zhang Shicheng sent his Fifth Prince with a large relief force; Chang Yuchun engaged them and was driven back slightly. Xue Xian led the fleet in a fierce charge and burned the enemy ships. The enemy army broke in rout; the Fifth Prince, Zhu Xian, Lü Zhen, and others surrendered at Jiuguan, yielding sixty thousand troops. Chang Yuchun told Xue Xian, "In today's battle the credit is yours; I am not your equal. After the Fifth Prince and his force surrendered, the Wu armies were shaken with fear, and Huzhou fell. He advanced to besiege Pingjiang, and he and the other generals divided the gates among themselves and encamped. After Wu was pacified, he was promoted to right vice censor-in-chief of the Branch Secretariat.
8
命從大將軍徐達取中原。 瀕行，太祖諭諸將，謂「薛顯、傅友德勇略冠軍，可當一面。」 進克兗、沂、青、濟，取東昌、棣州，樂安。 還收河南，搗關、陝。 渡河，取衛輝、彰德、廣平、臨清。 帥馬步舟師取德州、長蘆。 敗元兵於河西務，又敗之通州，遂克元都。 分兵邏古北諸隘口，略大同，獲喬右丞等三十四人。 進征山西，次保定，取七垛寨，追敗脫因貼木兒。 與友德將鐵騎三千，略平定西。 取太原，走擴廓，降豁鼻馬。 邀擊賀宗哲於石州，拔白崖、桃花諸山寨。 與大將軍達會平陽，以降將杜旺等十一人見，遂從入關中。 抵臨洮，別將攻馬鞍山西番寨，大獲其畜產，襲走元豫王，敗擴廓於寧夏。 復與達會師取平涼。 張良臣偽以慶陽降，顯往納之。 良臣蒲伏道迎，夜劫顯營，突圍免。 良臣據城叛，達進圍之。 擴廓遣韓扎兒攻原州，以撓明師。 顯駐兵靈州，遏之。 良臣援絕，遂敗。 追賀宗哲於六盤山，逐擴廓出塞外，陝西悉平。
He was ordered to follow Grand General Xu Da in the conquest of the Central Plain. Before they marched, Taizu told the generals, "In courage and strategy Xue Xian and Fu Youde are unmatched; either can hold a front on his own. He advanced to take Yanzhou, Yizhou, Qingzhou, and Jizhou, and captured Dongchang, Dizhou, and Le'an. He then turned back to recover Henan and struck into the Guanzhong and Shaanxi regions. He crossed the Yellow River and took Weihui, Zhangde, Guangping, and Linqing. He led horse, foot, and fleet to capture Dezhou and Changlu. He defeated the Yuan forces at Hexiwu, routed them again at Tongzhou, and then took the Yuan capital. He detached troops to the Gubeikou passes, raided Datong, and captured thirty-four men including Right Chancellor Qiao. He marched into Shanxi, halted at Baoding, took Qiduo Stockade, and in pursuit defeated Toqto'a. With Fu Youde he led three thousand armored horsemen in a sweep of Pingding and Dingxi. He captured Taiyuan, drove off Köke Temür, and received the surrender of Huobima. He intercepted He Zongzhe at Shizhou and captured the mountain stockades at Baiya, Taohua, and elsewhere. He joined Grand General Xu Da at Pingyang, presented eleven surrendered generals including Du Wang, and then marched with him into Guanzhong. At Lintao he detached a column to attack the Tibetan stockades at Ma'anshan, seized large herds of livestock, drove off the Yuan Prince of Yu in a raid, and defeated Köke Temür at Ningxia. He rejoined Xu Da's army and captured Pingliang. When Zhang Liangchen feigned surrender of Qingyang, Xue Xian went to accept it. Liangchen lay in ambush along the road to receive him, then raided Xue Xian's camp by night; Xue Xian broke through the encirclement and escaped. Zhang Liangchen seized the city and rebelled; Xu Da advanced to lay siege. Köke Temür sent Han Zha'er to attack Yuanzhou in an attempt to relieve pressure on the Ming forces. Xue Xian garrisoned Lingzhou and blocked their advance. With his relief cut off, Zhang Liangchen was defeated. He pursued He Zongzhe to Liupan Mountain, drove Köke Temür beyond the frontier, and brought Shaanxi fully to order.
9
洪武三年冬，大封功臣。 以顯擅殺胥吏、獸醫、火者、馬軍及千戶吳富，面數其罪。 封永城侯，勿予券，謫居海南。 分其祿為三：一以贍所殺吳富及馬軍之家； 一以給其母妻，令功過無相掩。 顯居海南逾年，帝念之，召還。 予世券，食祿一千五百石。
In the winter of Hongwu 3 (1370), the throne enfeoffed the meritorious officials on a grand scale. Because Xue Xian had killed clerks, veterinarians, fire-keepers, cavalrymen, and the chiliarch Wu Fu on his own authority, the emperor confronted him and listed his crimes to his face. He was enfeoffed as Marquis of Yongcheng but denied a hereditary patent and banished to Hainan. His stipend was divided into three shares: one to support the families of Wu Fu and the cavalrymen he had killed; one for his mother and wife, so that merit and fault would not cancel each other out. After more than a year in Hainan, the emperor recalled him. He received a hereditary patent and a stipend of fifteen hundred piculs of grain.
10
復從大將軍征漠北。 數奉命巡視河南，屯田北平，練軍山西，從魏國公巡北邊，從宋國公出金山。 二十年冬，召還，次山海衛，卒。 贈永國公，諡桓襄。 無子，弟綱幼。 二十三年追坐顯胡惟庸黨，以死不問，爵除。
He again followed the grand general on campaigns beyond the northern frontier. He was repeatedly ordered to inspect Henan, establish garrison farms in Beiping, drill troops in Shanxi, patrol the northern frontier with the Duke of Wei, and march to Jinshan with the Duke of Song. In the winter of the twentieth year he was recalled; he died at Shanhai Guard on the way home. He was posthumously enfeoffed as Duke of Yong with the temple name Huanxiang. He had no son; his younger brother Gang was still a child. In the twenty-third year he was prosecuted retroactively as a member of Xue Xian's Hu Weiyong faction; because he was already dead he was not punished, but the marquisate was abolished.
11
郭興，一名子興，濠人。 滁陽王郭子興據濠，稱元帥，與隸麾下。 太祖在甥館，興歸心焉。 軍行，嘗備宿衛，累功授管軍總管，進統軍元帥。 圍常州，晝夜不解甲者七月。 城下，受上賞。 從攻寧國、江陰、宜興、婺州、安慶、衢州，皆下之。 戰於鄱陽，陳友諒連巨艦以進，我師屢卻，興獻計以火攻之。 友諒死。 從征武昌，斬獲多，進鷹揚衛指揮使。 從徐達取廬州，援安豐，大敗張士誠兵。 平襄陽、衡、澧。 還克高郵、淮安。 轉戰湖州，圍平江，軍於婁門。 吳平，擢鎮國將軍、大都督府僉事。
Guo Xing, also known as Zixing, came from Haozhou. When the Prince of Chuyang, Guo Zixing, held Haozhou and styled himself marshal, Guo Xing served in his ranks. When Taizu was a son-in-law in Guo Zixing's household, Guo Xing gave him his loyal allegiance. On campaign he often stood night guard; through accumulated merit he became chief of army management and was promoted to marshal commanding the army. During the seven-month siege of Changzhou he never removed his armor, day or night. When the city fell, he received a superior reward. He took part in the attacks on Ningguo, Jiangyin, Yixing, Wuzhou, Anqing, and Quzhou, and all fell. At Poyang, Chen Youliang advanced in succession with huge ships; our forces were repeatedly driven back until Guo Xing proposed a fire attack. Chen Youliang was killed. On the Wuchang campaign he took many heads and prisoners and was promoted to commander of the Yingyang Guard. He followed Xu Da in taking Luzhou, relieved Anfeng, and routed Zhang Shicheng's army. He pacified Xiangyang, Hengzhou, and Li Prefecture. On his return he captured Gaoyou and Huai'an. He fought at Huzhou, besieged Pingjiang, and encamped at the Lou Gate. After Wu was pacified, he was promoted to General Who Pacifies the State and commissioner of the Chief Military Commission.
12
三年為秦王武傅，兼陝西行都督府僉事。 其冬，封功臣，興以不守紀律，止封鞏昌侯，食祿一千五百石，予世券。 四年伐蜀，克漢州、成都。 六年從徐達鎮北平，同陳德敗元兵於答刺海口。 十一年練兵臨清。 十六年巡北邊。 召還，逾年卒。 贈陝國公，諡宣武。 二十三年追坐胡惟庸黨，爵除。
In the third year he became military tutor to the Prince of Qin and concurrently commissioner of the Shaanxi Branch Chief Military Commission. That winter, when the meritorious officials were enfeoffed, Guo Xing received only the marquisate of Gongchang with fifteen hundred piculs because he had not kept discipline; he was granted a hereditary patent nonetheless. In the fourth year he campaigned against Shu and captured Hanzhou and Chengdu. In the sixth year he joined Xu Da in garrisoning Beiping and, with Chen De, defeated Yuan forces at Dalahaikou. In the eleventh year he drilled troops at Linqing. In the sixteenth year he patrolled the northern frontier. He was recalled to court and died the following year. He was posthumously enfeoffed as Duke of Shaan with the temple name Xuanwu. In the twenty-third year he was prosecuted retroactively as a member of the Hu Weiyong faction, and the marquisate was abolished.
13
興女弟為寧妃，弟英武定侯。
Guo Xing's younger sister became Consort Ning; his younger brother was enfeoffed as Marquis of Yingwu Ding.
14
季弟德成，性通敏，嗜酒。 兩兄積功至列侯，而德成止驍騎舍人。 太祖以寧妃故，欲貴顯之。 德成辭。 帝不悅。 頓首謝曰：「臣性耽曲糵，庸暗不能事事。 位高祿重，必任職司，事不治，上殆殺我。 人生貴適意，但多得錢、飲醇酒足矣，余非所望。」 帝稱善，賜酒百罌，金幣稱之，寵遇益厚。 嘗侍宴後苑醉，匍匐脫冠謝。 帝顧見德成發種種，笑曰：「醉風漢，發如此，非酒過耶？」 德成仰首曰：「臣猶厭之，盡薙始快。」 帝默然。 既醒，大懼。 佯狂自放，剃髮、衣僧衣，唱佛不已。 帝謂寧妃曰：「始以汝兄戲言，今實為之，真風漢也。」 後黨事起，坐死者相屬，德成竟得免。
His youngest brother Decheng was quick-witted by nature and fond of drink. Both elder brothers had risen through merit to marquis, while Decheng remained only a valiant-cavalry houseman. Because of Consort Ning, Taizu wished to honor and elevate him. Guo Decheng declined. The emperor was displeased. He kowtowed and said, "Your servant is by nature addicted to drink; dull and incompetent, I cannot manage affairs. With high rank and heavy stipend I would have to hold office; if I failed in my duties, Your Majesty would likely have me executed. What matters in life is contentment; enough money and good wine are all I want—nothing more. The emperor praised him, gave him a hundred jars of wine and matching gold and silks, and favored him all the more. Once, after drinking at a banquet in the rear garden, he crawled forward on his knees and removed his cap to apologize. The emperor saw Decheng's hair in disarray and laughed, "Drunken fellow—your hair is like this. Isn't that the wine's doing? Decheng looked up and said, "I still dislike it; shaving it all off would be a relief." The emperor fell silent. When he sobered, he was terrified. He feigned madness, shaved his head, put on monk's robes, and chanted Buddhist scriptures without cease. The emperor told Consort Ning, "At first I took your brother's words as jest; now he has truly done it—the real drunken fellow. When the faction prosecutions came and men were executed in succession, Guo Decheng alone escaped punishment.
15
陳德，字至善，濠人。 世農家，有勇力。 從太祖於定遠，以萬夫長從戰，皆有功，為帳前都先鋒。 同諸將取寧、徽、衢、婺諸城，擢元帥。 李伯升寇長興，德往援，擊走之。 從援南昌，大戰鄱陽湖，擒水寨姚平章。 太祖舟膠淺，德力戰，身被九矢，不退。 從平武昌。 大敗張士誠兵於舊館，擢天策衛親軍指揮使。 吳平，進僉大都督府事。 從大將軍北取中原，克元汴梁。 立河南行都督府，以德署府事，討平群盜。 征山西，破澤州磨盤寨，獲參政喻仁，遂會大軍克平陽、太原、大同。 渡河取奉元、鳳翔，至秦州，元守將呂國公遁，追擒之。 徐達圍張良臣於慶陽，良臣恃其兄思道為外援，間使往來，德悉擒獲，慶陽遂下。 又大破擴廓於古城，降其卒八萬。
Chen De, whose courtesy name was Zhishan, came from Haozhou. His family had farmed for generations; he was strong and brave. He joined Taizu at Dingyuan; as commander of ten thousand he fought in every engagement with distinction and became vanguard commander in the imperial guard. With the other generals he took Ningguo, Huizhou, Quzhou, and Wuzhou and was promoted to marshal. When Li Bosheng raided Changxing, Chen De went to relieve the city and drove him off. He took part in the relief of Nanchang, fought a great battle on Poyang Lake, and captured the water-stockade Pacification Commissioner Yao. When Taizu's boat ran aground in the shallows, Chen De fought with all his strength, took nine arrows in his body, and did not retreat. He took part in the pacification of Wuchang. He routed Zhang Shicheng's army at Jiuguan and was promoted to commander of the personal guard of the Tiance Guard. After Wu was pacified, he was promoted to commissioner of the Chief Military Commission. He followed the grand general north to conquer the Central Plain and captured the Yuan capital at Bianliang. When the Henan Branch Chief Military Commission was established, Chen De was put in charge and campaigned to pacify the bandit groups. In the Shanxi campaign he stormed the Mopan Stockade at Zezhou, captured Administrative Commissioner Yu Ren, and joined the main army in taking Pingyang, Taiyuan, and Datong. He crossed the river to take Fengyuan and Fengxiang, reached Qinzhou; the Yuan defender, the Duke of Lü, fled, and Chen De pursued and captured him. When Xu Da besieged Zhang Liangchen at Qingyang, Liangchen relied on his brother Sidao for outside support; Chen De intercepted every messenger between them, and Qingyang fell. He again routed Köke Temür at Gucheng and accepted the surrender of eighty thousand of his troops.
16
洪武三年，封臨江侯，食祿一千五百石，予世券。 明年，從潁川侯傅友德伐蜀，分道入綿州，破龍德，大敗吳友仁之眾，乘勝拔漢州。 向大亨、戴壽等走成都，追敗之，遂與友德圍成都。 蜀平，賜白金彩幣。 復還汴。 五年為左副將軍，與馮勝征漠北，破敵於別篤山，俘斬萬計。 克甘肅，取亦集乃路，留兵扼關而還。 明年復總兵出朔方，敗敵三岔山，擒其副樞失剌罕等七十余人。 其秋，再出戰於答剌海口，斬首六百級，獲其同僉忻都等五十四人。 凡三戰三捷。 七年練兵北平。 十年還鳳陽。 十一年卒。 追封杞國公，諡定襄。
In Hongwu 3 he was enfeoffed as Marquis of Linjiang with fifteen hundred piculs of grain and granted a hereditary patent. The following year he seconded the Marquis of Yingchuan, Fu Youde, against Shu; entering Mianzhou by a separate route, he stormed Longde, routed Wu Youren's army, and pressed on to take Hanzhou. Xiang Daheng, Dai Shou, and others fled to Chengdu; he pursued and defeated them, then joined Fu Youde in besieging the city. When Shu was pacified, he received gifts of white gold and colored silks. He returned to Bianliang. In the fifth year he served as left deputy general and, with Feng Sheng, campaigned beyond the northern frontier; at Biedushan he defeated the enemy and took tens of thousands of heads and prisoners. He captured Gansu, took the Yijinai Route, left troops to hold the passes, and returned. The following year he again led the army out of Shuofang, defeated the enemy at Sancha Mountain, and captured Vice Director Shilahang and more than seventy others. That autumn he fought again at Dalahaikou, took six hundred heads, and captured Associate Commissioner Xindu and fifty-four others. In three engagements he won three victories. In the seventh year he drilled troops in Beiping. In the tenth year he returned to Fengyang. He died in the eleventh year. He was posthumously enfeoffed as Duke of Qi with the temple name Dingxiang.
17
子鏞襲封。 十六年為征南左副將軍，討平龍泉諸山寇。 練兵汴梁。 十九年與靖海侯吳禎城會州。 二十年從馮勝征納哈出，將至金山，與大軍異道相失，敗沒。 二十三年，追坐德胡惟庸黨，詔書言其征西時有過，被鐫責，遂與惟庸通謀。 爵除。
His son Yong succeeded to the marquisate. In the sixteenth year he served as left deputy general of the southern expedition and suppressed the bandits of the Longquan mountains. He drilled troops at Bianliang. In the nineteenth year he joined the Marquis of Jinghai, Wu Zhen, at Huizhou. In the twentieth year he followed Feng Sheng against Nahaqu; nearing Jinshan on a different route from the main army, his force was cut off and destroyed. In the twenty-third year, when Chen De was prosecuted retroactively as a member of the Hu Weiyong faction, the edict stated that on the western campaign he had been at fault, reprimanded, and branded, and had then conspired with Hu Weiyong. The marquisate was abolished.
18
王志，臨淮人。 以鄉兵從太祖於濠，下滁、和。 從渡江，屢騰柵先登，身冒矢石。 授右副元帥。 從取常州、寧國、江陰。 復宜興，攻高郵，搗九江，下黃梅，鏖戰鄱陽。 從平武昌，還克廬州，敗張士誠兵，追奔四十里。 以親軍衛指揮使改六安衛，守六安。 從幸汴梁，渡河，取懷慶、澤、潞，留守平陽。 大將軍徐達西伐，會師克興元。 洪武三年，進同知都督府事，封六安侯，歲祿九百石，予世券。 移守漢中，帥兵出察罕腦兒塞，還鎮平陽。 復從大將軍征沙漠。 其後用兵西南，皆以偏將軍從，雖無首功，然持重，未嘗敗衄。 其攻合肥，敗樓兒張，擒吳副使，為戰功第一。 領山西都司衛所軍務，帝稱其處置得宜。 十六年督兵往雲南品甸。 繕城池，立屯堡，置驛傳，安輯其民。 十九年卒。 追封許國公，諡襄簡。
Wang Zhi came from Linhuai. As a village soldier he followed Taizu at Haozhou and helped take Chuzhou and Hezhou. After the Yangzi crossing he repeatedly scaled the palisades first in the assault and exposed himself to arrows and stones. He was appointed right vice marshal. He took part in the capture of Changzhou, Ningguo, and Jiangyin. He recovered Yixing, attacked Gaoyou, raided Jiujiang, captured Huangmei, and fought a fierce battle at Lake Poyang. He took part in the pacification of Wuchang, then returned to capture Luzhou, defeated Zhang Shicheng's army, and pursued the fleeing enemy forty li. As commander of the Imperial Bodyguard he was reassigned to the Lu'an Guard to garrison Lu'an. He accompanied the emperor to Bianliang, crossed the Yellow River, captured Huaqing, Ze, and Lu, and was left behind to hold Pingyang. When Grand General Xu Da marched west, their forces united and captured Xingyuan. In the third year of Hongwu he was promoted to vice director of the Chief Military Commission, enfeoffed as Marquis of Lu'an with an annual stipend of nine hundred piculs of grain, and granted a hereditary patent of nobility. He was reassigned to garrison Hanzhong, led troops through the Chaghan Nayir pass, and then returned to command at Pingyang. He again followed the grand general on campaign into the desert. In later campaigns in the southwest he always served as a lieutenant general; though he never won the top credit, he was cautious and never suffered a defeat. At the siege of Hefei he defeated Lou'er Zhang, captured a Wu vice commissioner, and was ranked first in battle merit. He took charge of the guards and battalions under the Shanxi regional command, and the emperor praised his handling of affairs. In the sixteenth year he supervised troops sent to Pindian in Yunnan. He repaired the city walls, established garrison forts and relay stations, and pacified and settled the local population. He died in the nineteenth year. He was posthumously enfeoffed as Duke of Xu with the posthumous title Xiangjian.
19
子威，二十二年嗣侯。 明年，坐事謫安南衛指揮使。 卒，無子。 弟琙嗣，改清平衛，世襲。 志亦追坐胡惟庸黨，以死不問。
His son Wei succeeded to the marquisate in the twenty-second year. The following year he was demoted to commandant of the Annan Guard for an offense. He died without an heir. His younger brother Juan succeeded, was reassigned to the Qingping Guard, and the line continued by hereditary succession. Wang Zhi was also prosecuted retroactively as a member of the Hu Weiyong faction, but because he was already dead no further punishment was imposed.
20
梅思祖
Mei Sizu
21
梅思祖，夏邑人。 初為元義兵元帥，叛從劉福通。 擴廓醢其父。 尋棄福通，歸張士誠，為中書左丞，守淮安。 徐達兵至，迎降，並獻四州。 士誠殺其兄弟數人。 太祖擢思祖大都督府副使。 從大軍伐吳，克升山水寨。 下湖州，圍平江，皆有功。 吳平，遷浙江行省右丞。 從大將軍伐中原，克山東，取汴、洛，破陝州，下潼關。 旋師徇河北，至衛輝。 元平章龍二棄城走彰德，師從之。 龍二復出走，遂降其城，守之。 略定北平未下州郡。 從大軍平晉、冀，復從平陝西。 別將克邠州，獲元參政毛貴等三十人。 從大將軍破擴廓於定西。 還自秦州，破略陽，入沔州，取興元。 洪武三年，論功封汝南侯，食祿九百石，予世券。 四年伐蜀。 五年征甘肅。 還命巡視山、陝、遼東城池。 十四年，四川水盡源、通塔平、散毛諸洞長官作亂，命思祖為征南副將雲南軍，與江夏侯周德興帥兵討平之。 十五年復與傅友德平雲南，置貴州都司，以思祖署都指揮使。 尋署雲南布政司事，與平章潘元明同守雲南。 思祖善撫輯，遠人安之。 是年卒，賜葬鐘山之陰。
Mei Sizu came from Xiayi. He began as a marshal in the Yuan loyalist militia, then rebelled and joined Liu Futong. Köke Temür had his father executed and his body reduced to mincemeat. He soon abandoned Liu Futong, went over to Zhang Shicheng, was made left vice director of the Secretariat, and garrisoned Huai'an. When Xu Da's army arrived, he surrendered and presented four prefectures. Zhang Shicheng had several of his brothers killed. Taizu promoted Mei Sizu to deputy commissioner of the Metropolitan Military Commission. He followed the main army against Wu and captured the Shenshan water stockade. He captured Huzhou and took part in the siege of Pingjiang, distinguishing himself in both. After Wu was pacified, he was appointed right vice director of the Zhejiang provincial administration. He followed the grand general against the Central Plains, conquered Shandong, took Bianliang and Luoyang, stormed Shanzhou, and seized Tong Pass. The army then turned north and swept through Hebei as far as Weihui. The Yuan vice director Long Er abandoned the city and fled to Zhangde, and the army pursued him. Long Er fled again; the city was then taken and Mei Sizu was left to garrison it. He brought the remaining prefectures and districts of Beiping under control. He followed the main army in pacifying Shanxi and Hebei, and again took part in the pacification of Shaanxi. Detached as a separate commander, he captured Binzhou and took the Yuan vice director Mao Gui and thirty others prisoner. He followed the grand general and defeated Köke Temür at Dingxi. Marching back from Qinzhou, he stormed Lueyang, entered Minzhou, and captured Xingyuan. In the third year of Hongwu he was enfeoffed as Marquis of Runan for his merit, with a stipend of nine hundred piculs of grain and a hereditary patent of nobility. In the fourth year he took part in the campaign against Shu. In the fifth year he campaigned in Gansu. On his return he was ordered to inspect the fortifications of Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Liaodong. In the fourteenth year the native chiefs of the Shuijinyuan, Tongtaping, and Sanmao cave districts in Sichuan rebelled; Mei Sizu was appointed deputy general of the southern expedition in Yunnan and, with the Marquis of Jiangxia Zhou Dexing, led troops to suppress the revolt. In the fifteenth year he again joined Fu Youde in pacifying Yunnan; the Guizhou regional command was established and Mei Sizu was appointed acting regional commander. He was soon put in charge of the Yunnan provincial administration commission and, together with Vice Director Pan Yuanming, garrisoned Yunnan. Mei Sizu was skilled at winning people over, and the frontier peoples were reassured. He died that same year and was granted burial on the northern slope of Bell Mountain.
22
子義，遼東都指揮使。 二十三年追坐思祖胡惟庸黨，滅其家。 思祖從子殷，為駙馬都尉，別有傳。
His son Yi served as regional commander of Liaodong. In the twenty-third year Mei Sizu was prosecuted retroactively as a member of the Hu Weiyong faction, and his entire family was exterminated. Mei Sizu's collateral nephew Yin served as Commandant of the Imperial Son-in-Law and has a separate biography.
23
金朝興
Jin Chaoxing
24
金朝興，巢人。 淮西亂，聚眾結寨自保。 俞通海等既歸太祖，朝興亦帥眾來附。 從渡江，征伐皆預，有功。 克常州，為都先鋒。 復宜興，為左翼副元帥。 平武昌，進龍驤衛指揮同知。 平吳，改鎮武衛指揮使。 克大同，改大同衛指揮使。 取東勝州，獲元平章劉麟等十八人。
Jin Chaoxing came from Chao. When western Huai was in turmoil he gathered followers and fortified a stockade for self-defense. After Yu Tonghai and others had joined Taizu, Jin Chaoxing also brought his followers to submit. After the Yangzi crossing he took part in every campaign and distinguished himself. At the capture of Changzhou he was made chief vanguard. At the recovery of Yixing he was made left-wing vice marshal. After Wuchang was pacified he was promoted to vice commander of the Dragon Pannier Guard. After Wu was pacified he was appointed commander of the Suppressing Martial Guard. At the capture of Datong he was reassigned as commander of the Datong Guard. He captured Dongsheng Prefecture and took the Yuan vice director Liu Lin and eighteen others prisoner.
25
洪武三年，論功為都督僉事兼秦王左相。 未幾，解都督府事，專傅王。 四年從大軍伐蜀。 七年帥師至黑城，獲元太尉盧伯顏、平章帖兒不花並省院等官二十五人。 遂從李文忠分領東道兵，取和林，語具文忠傳。
In the third year of Hongwu he was made commissioner of the Chief Military Commission and concurrently left counselor to the Prince of Qin for his merit. Before long he was relieved of his duties at the metropolitan military commission and devoted himself exclusively to tutoring the Prince of Qin. In the fourth year he followed the main army against Shu. In the seventh year he led troops to Heicheng and captured the Yuan grand defender Lu Boyan, Vice Director Tie'erbuluhua, and twenty-five officials of the secretariat and ministries. He then followed Li Wenzhong in jointly commanding the eastern-route army to take Karakorum; the full account is given in Li Wenzhong's biography.
26
朝興沉勇有智略，所至以偏師取勝，雖未為大帥，而功出諸將上。 十一年從沐英西征，收納鄰七站地。 明年論功封宣德侯，祿二千石，世襲指揮使。 十五年從傅友德征雲南，駐師臨安，元右丞兀卜台、元帥完者都、土酋楊政等俱降。 朝興撫輯有方，軍民咸悅。 進次會川卒，追封沂國公，諡武毅。 十七年論平雲南功，改錫世侯券，增祿五百石。
Jin Chaoxing was resolute, brave, and resourceful; wherever he went he won victories with detached columns, and though he never held supreme command, his achievements surpassed those of the other generals. In the eleventh year he followed Mu Ying on the western expedition and recovered the territory of the seven Naolin stations. The following year he was enfeoffed as Marquis of Xuande for his merit, with a stipend of two thousand piculs of grain and hereditary rank as commandant. In the fifteenth year he followed Fu Youde against Yunnan and encamped at Lin'an; the Yuan right vice director Wubutai, Marshal Wanzhedu, and the tribal chief Yang Zheng all surrendered. Jin Chaoxing was skilled at winning people over, and both soldiers and civilians were pleased with his rule. He advanced to Huichuan and died there; he was posthumously enfeoffed as Duke of Yi with the posthumous title Wuyi. In the seventeenth year, in recognition of his merit in pacifying Yunnan, he was granted a new hereditary marquis patent and his stipend was increased by five hundred piculs of grain.
27
唐勝宗
Tang Shengzong
28
唐勝宗，濠人。 太祖起兵，勝宗年十八，來歸。 從渡江，積功為中翼元帥。 從徐達克常州，進圍寧國，扼險力戰，敗其援兵。 城遂降。 從征婺州，克之。 從征池州，力戰，敗陳友諒兵，擢龍驤衛指揮僉事。 從征友諒，至安慶，敵固守。 勝宗為陸兵疑之，出不意，搗克其水寨。 從下南昌，略定江西諸郡。 援安豐，攻廬州，戰鄱陽，邀擊涇江口，皆有功。 擢驃騎衛指揮同知。 從定武昌，徇長沙、沅陵、澧陽。 從徐達取江陵，還定淮東。 穴城克安豐，追獲元將忻都。 為安豐衛指揮使守之。 從大將軍伐中原，克汴梁、歸德、許州，輒留守。 從大軍克延安，進都督府同知。 洪武三年冬封延安侯，食祿千五百石，予世券。 坐擅馳驛騎，奪爵，降指揮。 捕代縣反者。 久之，復爵。
Tang Shengzong came from Haozhou. When Taizu raised his army, Tang Shengzong was eighteen and came to join him. After the Yangzi crossing he rose through accumulated merit to become marshal of the central wing. He followed Xu Da in capturing Changzhou, then advanced to besiege Ningguo, held the strategic passes, fought fiercely, and defeated the relief army. The city then surrendered. He took part in the campaign against Wuzhou and captured it. At the campaign against Chizhou he fought fiercely, defeated Chen Youliang's army, and was promoted to vice commissioner of the Dragon Pannier Guard. On the campaign against Chen Youliang, when the army reached Anqing the enemy held firm. Tang Shengzong led land troops in a diversionary attack; catching the enemy off guard, he stormed and captured their water stockade. He took part in the capture of Nanchang and pacified the prefectures of Jiangxi. He relieved Anfeng, attacked Luzhou, fought at Lake Poyang, and intercepted the enemy at the mouth of the Jing River, distinguishing himself in each. He was promoted to vice commander of the Flying Cavalry Guard. He took part in the pacification of Wuchang and swept through Changsha, Yuanling, and Liyang. He followed Xu Da in capturing Jiangling, then returned to pacify eastern Huai. He tunneled under the walls to capture Anfeng and pursued and captured the Yuan general Xindu. He was appointed commander of the Anfeng Guard and garrisoned the city. He followed the grand general against the Central Plains, captured Bianliang, Guide, and Xuzhou, and was repeatedly left behind to garrison them. He followed the main army in capturing Yan'an and was promoted to vice director of the Chief Military Commission. In the winter of the third year of Hongwu he was enfeoffed as Marquis of Yan'an with a stipend of fifteen hundred piculs of grain and granted a hereditary patent of nobility. For unauthorized use of relay mounts he was stripped of his title and demoted to commandant. He suppressed the rebels in Dai County. After a long interval his title was restored.
29
十四年，浙東山寇葉丁香等作亂，命總兵討之，擒賊首並其黨三千余人。 分兵平安福賊，至臨安，降元右丞兀卜台等。 十五年巡視陝西，督屯田，簡軍士。 明年鎮遼東，奉敕勿通高麗。 高麗使至，察其奸，表聞。 賜敕褒美，比魏田豫卻烏桓賂，稱名臣。 在鎮七年，威信大著。 召還，帥師討平貴州蠻。 練兵黃平。 二十三年坐胡惟庸黨誅，爵除。
In the fourteenth year the mountain bandits Ye Dingxiang and others rebelled in eastern Zhejiang; he was ordered to lead troops against them and captured the ringleaders and more than three thousand of their followers. He detached columns to pacify the bandits of Ping'anfu, advanced to Lin'an, and received the surrender of the Yuan right vice director Wubutai and others. In the fifteenth year of Hongwu he toured Shaanxi, overseeing military colonies and weeding out unfit soldiers. The following year he took command in Liaodong under orders to keep all contact with Goryeo cut off. When a Goryeo embassy came, he saw through their designs and reported it to the court. The Emperor sent a commendatory edict, likening him to Wei Tianyu of Wei, who had spurned Wuhuan bribes, and hailing him as a true statesman. After seven years on the frontier his authority was firmly established. He was recalled to lead an expedition that crushed the Guizhou Miao uprising. He trained his army at Huangping. In the twenty-third year he was put to death as a partisan of Hu Weiyong, and his title was extinguished.
30
陸仲亨
Lu Zhongheng
31
陸仲亨，濠人。 歸太祖，從征滁州，取大柳樹諸寨。 克和陽，擊敗元兵。 逐青山群盜。 從渡江，取太平，定集慶，從徐達下諸郡縣。 授左翼統軍元帥。 從征陳友諒，功多，進驃騎衛指揮使。 從常遇春討贛州，降熊天瑞，為贛州衛指揮使，節制嶺南北新附諸郡。 調兵克梅州、會昌、湘鄉，悉平諸山寨。
Lu Zhongheng came from Haozhou. He joined the Taizu, fought at Chuzhou, and stormed the Daliushu strongholds. He captured Heyang and routed the Yuan army. He scattered the Qingshan bandits. Crossing the Yangzi with the main force, he helped take Taiping and Jiqing and, under Xu Da, swept the lower Yangzi prefectures. He was made Left Wing Commander-in-Chief Marshal. In the war against Chen Youliang his service was distinguished, and he rose to command the Flying Cavalry Guard. Under Chang Yuchun he besieged Ganzhou; when Xiong Tianrui submitted, he was left as commander of the Ganzhou Guard with authority over the newly pacified Lingnan prefectures. Detaching forces, he seized Meizhou, Huichang, and Xiangxiang and cleared every mountain stronghold.
32
十二年與周德興、黃彬等從湯和練兵臨清。 未幾，即軍中逮三人至京，既而釋之。 移鎮成都，平巨津州叛蠻。 烏撒諸蠻復叛，從傅友德討平之。
In the twelfth year he joined Zhou Dexing, Huang Bin, and the rest under Tang He to train troops at Linqing. Shortly afterward three officers were arrested in camp and hauled to the capital, then set free again. Reassigned to Chengdu, he put down the Jujin Prefecture Miao revolt. When the Wusa tribes rose once more, he marched with Fu Youde and subdued them.
33
二十三年，治胡惟庸逆黨，家奴封貼木告仲亨與勝宗、費聚、趙庸皆與通謀，下吏訊。 獄具，帝曰：「朕每怪其居貴位有憂色。」 遂誅仲亨，籍其家。
In the twenty-third year, as Hu Weiyong's plot was being prosecuted, Zhongheng's bondservant Feng Tiemuh accused him, along with Tang Shengzong, Fei Ju, and Zhao Yong, of complicity; all were committed for trial. When the case was closed, the Emperor said, "I always found it strange that a man of such rank wore so troubled a face." He was executed, and his property was seized.
34
初，仲亨年十七，為亂兵所掠。 父母兄弟俱亡，持一升麥伏草間。 帝見之，呼曰「來」，遂從征伐，至封侯。 帝嘗曰：「此我初起時腹心股肱也。」 竟誅死。
In his youth, at seventeen, he had been captured by rampaging soldiers. His parents and brothers were dead; he crouched in the weeds with only a measure of wheat to his name. The Taizu spotted him and called, "Come here!" From that day he fought at the Emperor's side until he won a marquisate. The Emperor had once said of him, "In the days when I first raised my banner, he was flesh at my core—belly, heart, thigh, and arm." In the end he died by the headsman's blade.
35
費聚，字子英，五河人。 父德興，以材勇為游徼卒。 聚少習技擊。 太祖遇於濠，偉其貌，深相結納。
Fei Ju, whose courtesy name was Ziying, came from Wuhe. His father Dexing, a man of strength and daring, had served as a local patrol militiaman. Ju trained in arms from boyhood. The Taizu met him at Haozhou, was struck by his imposing frame, and took him into his inner circle.
36
定遠張家堡有民兵，無所屬，郭子興欲招之，念無可使者。 太祖力疾請行，偕聚騎而往，步卒九人俱。 至寶公河，望其營甚整，弓弩皆外向。 步卒懼，欲走。 太祖曰：「彼以騎蹴我，走將安往？」 遂前抵其營。 招諭已定，約三日。 太祖先歸，留聚俟之。 其帥欲他屬，聚還報。 太祖復偕聚以三百人往，計縛其帥，收卒三千人。 豁鼻山有秦把頭八百余人，聚復招降之。 遂從取靈璧，克泗、滁、和州。 授承信校尉。
A militia force at Zhangjiabao in Dingyuan stood without a master; Guo Zixing wanted them but lacked someone to treat with them. Though still recovering from illness, the Taizu insisted on going himself, riding out with Ju and nine foot soldiers. At the Baogong River they saw a camp in tight order, every bow and crossbow trained outward. The infantry panicked and wanted to run. The Taizu said, "If their cavalry rides us down, where will we run?" He pressed on into the camp. He won them over in talk and fixed a rendezvous in three days. The Taizu rode back first, leaving Ju to keep the appointment. The militia leader then tried to offer himself to another patron; Ju rode back with word of it. The Taizu returned with Ju and three hundred men, seized the commander by stratagem, and enrolled three thousand soldiers. More than eight hundred followers of Bandit Chief Qin held Huobi Mountain; Ju talked them into surrender as well. He then fought at Lingbi and helped take Si, Chu, and He prefectures. He was made Credentialed Commandant.
37
既定江東，克長興，立永興翼元帥府，以聚副耿炳文為元帥。 張士誠入寇，擊敗之。 召領宿衛。 援安豐，兩定江西，克武昌，皆從。 改永興翼元帥府為永興親軍指揮司，仍副炳文為指揮同知。 士誠復入寇，獲其帥宋興祖，再敗之。 士誠奪氣，不敢復窺長興。 隨征淮安、湖州、平江，皆有功，進指揮使。 湯和討方國珍，聚以舟師從海道邀擊。 浙東平，復由海道取福州，破延平。 歸次昌國，剿海寇葉、陳二姓於蘭秀山。 至是，聚始獨將。 洪武二年會大軍取西安，改西安衛指揮使，進都督府僉事。 鎮守平涼。 三年封平涼侯，歲祿千五百石，予世券。
After the southeast was won, he took part in the capture of Changxing; when the Yongxing Wing Marshal's Office was set up, Ju served as deputy to Geng Bingwen. He repulsed Zhang Shicheng's invasions. He was called to lead the imperial bodyguard. He fought at the relief of Anfeng, in both Jiangxi campaigns, and at the fall of Wuchang. The Yongxing Wing was reorganized as the Yongxing Personal Army Command, and he stayed on as Geng Bingwen's second-in-command. When Zhang Shicheng attacked again, he took their general Song Xingzu and beat them back a second time. Zhang Shicheng lost his nerve and never again threatened Changxing. He distinguished himself at Huaian, Huzhou, and Pingjiang and was promoted to guard commander. Under Tang He's campaign against Fang Guozhen, he led the naval wing along the coast to cut off escape. After eastern Zhe was secured, he sailed to take Fuzhou and stormed Yanping. On the homeward march he paused at Changguo and wiped out Ye and Chen pirates off Lanshou Mountain. It was the first time he had held independent command. In Hongwu year two he helped take Xi'an, was appointed commander of the Xi'an Guard, and rose to associate commissioner of the Chief Military Commission. He was posted to garrison Pingliang. In the third year he received the marquisate of Pingliang, fifteen hundred piculs of grain yearly, and a patent of hereditary entitlement.
38
時諸將在邊屯田募伍，歲有常課。 聚頗耽酒色，無所事事。 又以招降無功，召還，切責之。 明年從傅友德征雲南，大戰白石江，擒達里麻。 雲南平，進取大理。 未幾，諸蠻復叛，命副安陸侯吳復為總兵。 授以方略，分攻關索嶺及阿咱等寨，悉下之。 蠻地始定。 置貴州都指揮使司，以聚署司事。 十八年命為總兵官，帥指揮丁忠等征廣南，擒火立達，俘其眾萬人。 還鎮雲南。 二十三年召還。 李善長敗，語連聚。 帝曰：「聚曩使姑蘇不稱旨，朕嘗詈責，遂欲反耶！」 竟坐黨死，爵除。
Frontier commanders then ran military farms and filled their rolls to set annual quotas. Ju sank into drink and dalliance and neglected his duties. When his pacification efforts came to nothing, he was summoned back and sharply rebuked. The following year he marched with Fu Youde into Yunnan and, at the great battle on the Baishi River, took Dalima prisoner. After Yunnan fell, he helped seize Dali. Soon the tribes rose again; he was made second to Marquis Wu Fu of Anlu as overall commander. Given a free hand in strategy, he split his forces against Guansuo Ridge and the Aza stockades and reduced them all. The tribal country was finally quieted. When the Guizhou Chief Military Commission was founded, Ju was left in charge. In the eighteenth year he was named supreme commander, led Ding Zhong and other commanders into Guangnan, seized Huolida, and took ten thousand captives. He went back to his post in Yunnan. In the twenty-third year he was recalled to court. Li Shanchang's downfall dragged Ju into the net. The Emperor said, "When I sent Ju to pacify Suzhou he failed me; I berated him then—was he plotting revolt all along?" He was executed as a conspirator, and his title was struck from the rolls.
39
子超，征方國珍，沒於陣。 璿，以人材舉官江西參政。 孫宏，從征雲南，積功為右衛指揮使。 坐奏對不實，戍金齒。
His son Chao fell fighting Fang Guozhen. His son Xuan, nominated for ability, rose to administrative commissioner of Jiangxi. His grandson Hong earned distinction in Yunnan and became commander of the Right Guard. He was exiled to military service at Jinchi for lying in a memorial to the throne.
40
陸聚，不知何許人。 元樞密院同知。 脫脫敗芝{艹麻}李於徐州，彭大等奔濠。 聚撫戢流亡，繕城保境，寇不敢犯。 徐達經理江、淮，聚以徐、宿二州降。 太祖嘗詔諭：「二州，吾桑梓地，未忍加兵。」 及歸附，大悅。 以聚為江南行省參政，仍守徐州。 遣兵略定沛、魚台、邳、蕭、宿遷、睢寧。 擴廓遣李左丞侵徐，駐陵子村。 聚遣指揮傅友德擊之，俘其眾，擒李左丞。 又敗元兵於宿州，擒僉院邢端等。 從定山東，平汴梁。 還鎮，改山東行省參政。 從平元都，略大同、保定、真定。 攻克車子山及鳳山、城山、鐵山諸寨，分守井陘故關，會師陝西，克承天寨。 聚所部皆淮北勁卒，雖燕、趙精騎不及也。 北征，沂、邳山民乘間作亂，召聚還，討平之。 洪武三年，封河南侯，歲祿九百石，予世券。 八年，同衛國公愈屯田陝西，置衛戍守。 十二年同信國公和練兵臨清。 尋理福建軍務。 召還，賜第鳳陽。 二十三年坐胡惟庸黨死，爵除。
Lu Ju—his origins are unrecorded. He had served the Yuan as associate commissioner of the Privy Council. After Tuo Tuo routed Zhima Li at Xuzhou, Peng Da and his followers poured into Haozhou. Ju sheltered refugees, rebuilt the walls, and held the border until bandits no longer dared approach. When Xu Da moved to secure the Jianghuai, Ju submitted Xu and Su prefectures. The Taizu had once proclaimed, "Those two prefectures are my homeland—I could not bring myself to attack them." When they came over to him, his joy was boundless. He made Ju administrative commissioner of the Jiangnan Branch Secretariat while leaving him to hold Xuzhou. Ju sent columns to bring Pei, Yutai, Pi, Xiao, Suqian, and Suining under control. Kökö Temür dispatched Vice Minister Li against Xuzhou, who pitched camp at Lingzi Village. Ju sent Fu Youde to strike; the Yuan force was shattered and Vice Minister Li was taken alive. He beat the Yuan again at Suzhou and seized Commissioner Xing Duan and his officers. He marched on to pacify Shandong and take Bianliang. Back on the frontier he was promoted to administrative commissioner of the Shandong Branch Secretariat. He took part in the fall of Dadu and the reduction of Datong, Baoding, and Zhending. He stormed Chezishan and the Fengshan, Chengshan, and Tieshan strongholds, posted detachments at the old Jingxing Pass, united with the Shaanxi column, and seized Chengtian Stockade. His men were the hard fighters of north Huai—cavalry from Yan and Zhao were their inferior. During the northern campaign, hill people of Yi and Pi rebelled; Ju was called back and put them down. In Hongwu year three he was created Marquis of Henan with nine hundred piculs yearly and a hereditary patent. In the eighth year he joined Xu Da, Duke of Wei, in opening garrison farms in Shaanxi and establishing guard posts to hold the frontier. In the twelfth year he joined Tang He, Duke of Xin, in drilling troops at Linqing. Before long he was put in charge of military affairs in Fujian. Recalled to court, he was granted a mansion at Fengyang. In the twenty-third year he was put to death on charges of belonging to Hu Weiyong's faction, and his marquisate was revoked.
41
鄭遇春
Zheng Yuchun
42
鄭遇春，濠人。 與兄遇霖俱以勇力聞。 遇霖與裡人有郤，欲殺之，遇春力護，得解取。 眾皆畏遇霖，而以遇春為賢。 太祖下滁州，遇霖為先鋒。 取鐵佛岡、三郤河、大柳等寨，遇春亦累功至總管。 攻蕪湖，遇霖戰死，遇春領其眾。 時諸將所部不過千人，遇春兼兩隊，而所部尤驍果。 累戰功多，授左翼元帥。 從平陳友諒，身先士卒，未嘗自言功，太祖異之。 取六安，為六安衛指揮僉事。 從大將軍定山東、河南北，克朔州，改朔州衛指揮副使。
Zheng Yuchun came from Haozhou. He and his elder brother Yulin were both famed for their courage and physical prowess. Yulin bore a grudge against a neighbor and meant to kill him; Yuchun shielded the man with all his strength until the quarrel was resolved. All feared Yulin, yet looked on Yuchun as the better man. When Taizu marched on Chuzhou, Yulin led the van. They captured the stockades at Tiefo Ridge, Sanxi River, Daliu, and the like; Yuchun likewise piled up merit until he rose to commandant-general. At the attack on Wuhu, Yulin fell in battle, and Yuchun assumed command of his force. In those days no commander led more than a thousand men; Yuchun held two companies under his hand, and his men were the boldest and hardest-hitting of all. With battle upon battle and merit heaped upon merit, he was made Left-wing Marshal. He took part in the pacification of Chen Youliang, always charging ahead of his men and never once boasting of his deeds—Taizu marked him with special favor. After capturing Lu'an he was appointed assistant commander of the Lu'an Guard. He followed the grand general in pacifying Shandong and the country north of the Yellow River, took Shuozhou, and was transferred to deputy commander of the Shuozhou Guard.
43
洪武三年，進同知大都督府事，封滎陽侯，歲祿九百石，予世券。 明年命駐臨濠，開行大都督府。 坐累奪爵。 尋復之，復守朔州。 從傅友德平雲南，帥楊文等經略城池屯堡。 還京，督金吾諸衛，造海船百八十艘，運餉遼東，籍陝西岷州諸衛官馬。 二十三年坐胡惟庸黨死。 爵除。
In the third year of Hongwu he was advanced to vice director of the Chief Military Commission, enfeoffed as Marquis of Xingyang with an annual stipend of nine hundred piculs of grain, and granted a hereditary patent of nobility. The following year he was ordered to garrison Linhao and open a traveling Chief Military Commission. For repeated offenses he was stripped of his title. Before long the title was restored, and he returned to hold Shuozhou. He followed Fu Youde in the pacification of Yunnan and, with Yang Wen and others, laid out walled cities and garrison forts. Back at the capital he supervised the Golden Guard and other guards, built one hundred eighty seagoing ships, transported provisions to Liaodong, and registered the government horses of Minzhou and the other guards in Shaanxi. In the twenty-third year he was put to death as a member of Hu Weiyong's faction. His marquisate was revoked.
44
黃彬，江夏人。 從歐普祥攻陷袁、吉屬縣，徐壽輝以普祥守袁州。 及陳友諒殺壽輝，僭偽號，彬言於普祥曰：「公與友諒比肩，奈何下之？ 友諒驕恣，非江東敵也。 保境候東師，當不失富貴。」 普祥遂遣使納款。 友諒遣弟友仁攻之。 彬與普祥敗其眾，獲友仁。 友諒懼，約分界不相犯，乃釋友仁。 時江、楚諸郡皆為陳氏有，袁扼其要害，潭、岳、贛兵不得出。 友諒勢大蹙。 太祖兵臨之，遂棄江州，彬力也。 太祖至龍興，令普祥仍守袁州，而以彬為江西行省參政。 未幾，普祥死，彬領其眾。 普祥故殘暴，彬盡反所為，民甚安之。 從常遇春征贛州。 饒鼎臣據吉安，為熊天瑞聲援。 遇春兵至，鼎臣走安福，彬以兵躡之。 鼎臣走茶陵，天瑞乃降。 永新守將周安叛，彬從湯和執安，鼎臣亦殪。 移鎮袁州，招集諸山寨。 江西悉定。 進江淮行省中書左丞。 洪武三年封宜春侯，歲祿九百石，予世券。 四年，贛州上猶山寇叛，討平之。 五年，古州等洞蠻叛，以鄧愈為征南將軍，三道出師，彬與營陽侯璟出澧州。 師還，賜第中都。 明年從徐達鎮北平，出練兵沂州、臨清。 二十三年坐胡惟庸黨死，爵除。
Huang Bin came from Jiangxia. He followed Ou Puxiang in overrunning the counties under Yuanzhou and Jizhou; Xu Shouhui then left Puxiang to hold Yuanzhou. When Chen Youliang killed Shouhui and set himself up with a royal title, Bin said to Puxiang, "You and Youliang are peers—why bow beneath him? Youliang is proud and reckless; he cannot stand against the armies east of the river. Hold your ground and wait for the eastern host, and you will keep your wealth and rank. Puxiang thereupon sent envoys to declare his submission. Youliang dispatched his younger brother Youren to attack him. Bin and Puxiang routed their army and took Youren prisoner. Youliang, alarmed, agreed to a boundary and a pledge of mutual non-aggression, and then freed Youren. At that time the Jiang and Chu commanderies were all in Chen hands; Yuanzhou sat athwart their lifeline, and the armies of Tanzhou, Yuezhou, and Ganzhou could not get out. Youliang's situation grew desperate. When Taizu's army drew near, he abandoned Jiangzhou—work largely of Bin's making. When Taizu arrived at Longxing, he left Puxiang to hold Yuanzhou and appointed Bin vice commissioner of the Jiangxi Branch Secretariat. Before long Puxiang died, and Bin assumed command of his force. Puxiang had ruled with cruelty; Bin undid every harsh measure, and the people were deeply relieved. He followed Chang Yuchun in the campaign against Ganzhou. Rao Dingchen held Ji'an to support Xiong Tianrui. When Yuchun's army arrived, Dingchen fled to Anfu, and Bin pressed after him with troops. Dingchen fled on to Chaling, and Tianrui then surrendered. Zhou An, the Yongxin garrison commander, rebelled; Bin followed Tang He in capturing An, and Dingchen was slain as well. He moved his garrison to Yuanzhou and brought the mountain stockades into submission. Jiangxi was wholly pacified. He was promoted to left chancellor of the Jiang-Huai Branch Secretariat. In the third year of Hongwu he was enfeoffed as Marquis of Yichun with an annual stipend of nine hundred piculs of grain and granted a hereditary patent of nobility. In the fourth year the bandits of Shangyou Mountain in Ganzhou rose in revolt; he marched against them and put the rebellion down. In the fifth year the cave tribes of Guzhou and other districts rebelled; Deng Yu was appointed southern expedition general, and three armies marched out—Bin and Yang Jing, Marquis of Yingyang, advanced from Lizhou. When the army returned, he was granted a mansion in Zhongdu. The following year he followed Xu Da in garrisoning Beiping and went out to drill troops at Yizhou and Linqing. In the twenty-third year he was put to death on charges of belonging to Hu Weiyong's faction, and his marquisate was revoked.
45
葉升，合肥人。 左君弼據廬，升自拔來歸。 以右翼元帥從征江州，以指揮僉事從取吳，以府軍衛指揮使從定明州。 洪武三年論功，僉大都督府事。 明年從征西將軍湯和以舟師取蜀。 越二年，出為都指揮使，鎮守西安，討平慶陽叛寇。 十二年復僉大都督府事。 西番叛，與都督王弼征之，降乞失迦，平其部落。 復討平延安伯顏帖木兒，擒洮州番酋。 論功，封靖寧侯，歲祿二千石，世指揮使。 鎮遼東，修海、蓋、復三城。 在鎮六年，邊備修舉，外寇不敢犯。 發高麗賂遺，帝屢賜敕，與唐勝宗同褒。
Ye Sheng Zuo Junbi held Luzhou; Sheng broke away on his own and came over to the Ming cause. As Right-wing Marshal he took part in the campaign on Jiangzhou; as assistant commander he helped seize Wu; as commander of the Prefectural Army Guard he joined the pacification of Mingzhou. In the third year of Hongwu, when honors were apportioned, he was made commissioner of the Chief Military Commission. The following year he followed the western expedition general Tang He with the river fleet to conquer Shu. Two years later he was posted as chief regional commander, garrisoned Xi'an, and marched to suppress the rebel bandits of Qingyang. In the twelfth year he again held office as commissioner of the Chief Military Commission. When the western tribes rebelled, he joined Commissioner Wang Bi on campaign, received the submission of Qieshijia, and pacified their clans. He campaigned again and subdued Bayan Temür, Bole of Yan'an, capturing the tribal chief of Taozhou. For his merit he was enfeoffed as Marquis of Jingning with a stipend of two thousand piculs of grain and hereditary rank as commandant. He garrisoned Liaodong and rebuilt the three cities of Hai, Gaizhou, and Fu. For six years on the frontier he kept the defenses in order, and foreign raiders did not dare cross the border. He reported bribes sent from Goryeo; the Emperor repeatedly issued commendatory edicts, praising him alongside Tang Shengzong.
46
二十年，命同普定侯陳桓總制諸軍於雲南定邊、姚安，立營、屯田，經理畢節衛。 明年，東川、龍海諸蠻叛，升以參將從沐英討平之。 已而湖廣安福所千戶夏德忠誘九溪洞蠻為寇，升同胡海等討之。 潛兵出賊後，掩擊，擒德忠。 立永定、九溪二衛，因留屯襄陽。 贛州山賊復結湖廣峒蠻為寇。 升為副將軍，同胡海等討平之，俘獲萬七千人。 升凡三平叛蠻。 再出練兵甘肅、河南。 二十五年八月，坐交通胡惟庸事覺，誅死。 涼國公藍玉，升姻也，玉敗，復連及升，以故名隸兩黨雲。
In the twentieth year he was ordered, together with Chen Huan, Marquis of Puding, to take overall command of the armies at Dingbian and Yao'an in Yunnan, establish camps and garrison farms, and administer the Bijie Guard. The following year the tribes of eastern Sichuan and Longhai rebelled; Sheng served as deputy general under Mu Ying and put them down. Later Xia Dezhong, chiliarch of the Anfu Company in Huguang, incited the Jiuxi cave tribes to raid; Sheng joined Hu Hai and others in campaigning against them. He sent men secretly around behind the enemy, fell on them from the rear, and captured Dezhong. He established the Yongding and Jiuxi guards and stayed on to garrison Xiangyang. The mountain bandits of Ganzhou again joined forces with the Dong tribes of Huguang to raid. Sheng served as deputy general, joined Hu Hai and others in suppressing them, and took seventeen thousand prisoners. In all, Sheng three times put down rebellious tribes. He again went out to drill troops in Gansu and Henan. In the eighth month of the twenty-fifth year his communications with Hu Weiyong came to light, and he was put to death. Lan Yu, Duke of Liang, was related to Sheng by marriage; when Yu fell, Sheng was implicated once more—hence his name is entered on the rolls of both factions.
47
贊曰：諸將當草昧之際，上觀天命，委心明主，戰勝攻取，克建殊勛，皆一時之智勇也。 及海內寧謐，乃名隸黨籍，或追論，或身坐，鮮有能自全者。 圭裳之錫固足酬功，而礪帶之盟不克再世，亦可慨矣夫。
The commentator writes: In the days when the empire was still taking shape, these generals read Heaven's mandate in the signs above, gave their hearts to the enlightened sovereign, fought and conquered wherever they were sent, and each won a singular renown—they were, every one of them, the wise and the brave of their age. Once the land within the four seas was at peace, their names were entered on the rolls of faction instead—some pursued in judgment after the fact, some punished in their own persons; scarcely any kept themselves whole. The grant of court robes and regalia was reward enough for their service, yet the oath cut into the whetstone and girdle could not endure into a second generation—a thing to sigh over indeed.