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王冕 〈（龔諒）〉 陳聞詩 〈（董倫）〉 王鈇 〈（錢泮）〉 錢錞 〈（唐一岑）〉 朱裒 〈（齊恩）〉 孫鏜杜槐黃釧 〈（陳見等）〉 王德 〈叔沛〉 汪一中 〈（王應鵬唐鼎）〉 蘇夢昜 〈（韋宗孝龍旌）〉 張振德 〈（章文炳等）〉 董盡倫 〈（李忠臣、高光等）〉 龔萬祿 〈（李世勛、翟英等）〉 管良相 〈（李應期等）〉 徐朝綱 〈（楊以成孫克恕鄭鼎）〉 姬文胤 〈（孟承光）〉 朱萬年 〈（秦三輔等）〉 張瑤 〈（王與夔等）〉 何天衢 〈（楊於陛）〉
Wang Mian (Gong Liang)〉 Chen Wenshi (Dong Lun)〉 Wang Fu (Qian Pan)〉 Qian Chun (Tang Yicen)〉 Zhu Bao (Qi En)〉 Sun Tang, Du Huai, Huang Chuan (Chen Jian and others)〉 Wang De 〈Shupei〉 Wang Yizhong (Wang Yingpeng, Tang Ding)〉 Su Mengyi (Wei Zongxiao, Long Jing)〉 Zhang Zhende (Zhang Wenbing and others)〉 Dong Jinlun (Li Zhongchen, Gao Guang, and others)〉 Gong Wanlu (Li Shixun, Zhai Ying, and others)〉 Guan Liangxiang (Li Yingqi and others)〉 Xu Chaogang (Yang Yicheng, Sun Keshu, Zheng Ding)〉 Ji Wenyin (Meng Chengguang)〉 Zhu Wannian (Qin Sanfu and others)〉 Zhang Yao (Wang Yuqi and others)〉 He Tianqu (Yang Yubi)〉
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文章還沒有進行過校對和格式化，或文章還不全，不能保證任何部分可靠。
This text has not been proofread or formatted, or remains incomplete, and no part of it can be guaranteed reliable.
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王冕，字服周，洛陽人。 正德十二年進士。 除萬安知縣。 宸濠反，長吏多奔竄。 冕募勇壯士，得死士數千人，從王守仁攻復南昌。 宸濠解安慶圍，還救，至鄱陽湖，兩軍相拒。 濠盡出金制犒士，殊死戰，官軍不利。 冕密白守仁，以小艇實葦於中，擬建昌人語，就賊艦，乘風舉火。 濠兵大驚，遂潰敗，焚溺死者無算。 濠易舟，挾宮人遁。 冕部卒棹漁舟，追執之。 宸濠平，守仁封新建伯，而冕未及敘，坐他事落職。 既而錄前功，擢兵部主事，巡視山海關。
Wang Mian, whose style was Fuzhou, came from Luoyang. He became a jinshi in the twelfth year of Zhengde. He was appointed magistrate of Wan'an. When the Prince of Ning, Zhu Chenhao, rebelled, many senior officials fled in panic. Mian raised brave men and gathered several thousand who were ready to die, then followed Wang Shouren in the campaign to retake Nanchang. Chenhao raised the siege of Anqing and marched back to relieve his forces; at Poyang Lake the two armies faced off. Chenhao poured out all his gold to reward his troops, who fought desperately, and the government forces began to lose ground. Mian secretly advised Shouren to load small boats with reeds, send men speaking in the Jianchang dialect toward the rebel fleet, and set the boats ablaze on the wind. Chenhao's troops panicked and broke; countless men were burned or drowned. Chenhao changed boats and fled, taking palace women with him. Men under Mian's command rowed out in fishing boats, overtook him, and seized him. After Chenhao's rebellion was put down, Shouren was enfeoffed as Marquis of Xinjian, but Mian had not yet been rewarded and was removed from office over another matter. Later his earlier service was recognized, and he was promoted to secretary in the Ministry of War and assigned to inspect Shanhaiguan.
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嘉靖三年十二月，遼東妖賊陸雄、李真等作亂，突入關。 侍吏欲扶冕趨避，冕不可，曰：「吾有親在。」 急趨母所，執兵以衛。 賊至，母被傷，冕奮前救之，被執。 脅以刃，大罵，遂見害。 詔贈光祿少卿，有司祠祀。
In the twelfth month of the third year of Jiajing, the rebel bandits Lu Xiong, Li Zhen, and others in Liaodong rose in revolt and broke into the pass. Attendants tried to help Mian flee, but he refused, saying, "I have a parent here." He rushed to his mother, took up arms, and stood guard over her. When the rebels arrived, his mother was wounded; Mian rushed forward to save her and was seized. They threatened him with blades; he cursed them fiercely and was killed. An edict posthumously made him Vice Director of the Imperial Household, and the local authorities were ordered to offer sacrifice.
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世宗嗣位之歲，寧津盜起，轉掠至德平。 知縣龔諒率吏民禦之，力屈，被殺。 贈濟南通判，恤其家。
In the year the Jiajing emperor took the throne, bandits rose in Ningjin and spread their raids as far as Deping. Magistrate Gong Liang led officials and townspeople to resist them; when his force was exhausted he was killed. He was posthumously made Assistant Prefect of Jining, and his family received relief.
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陳聞詩
Chen Wenshi
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陳聞詩，字廷訓，柘城人。 嘉靖中舉於鄉，以親老，絕意仕進。 親歿，居喪哀毀。 三十二年秋，賊師尚詔陷歸德，聞聞詩名，欲劫為帥。 已，陷柘城，擁之至，誘說百端，不屈。 引其家數人斬之，曰：「不從，滅而族。」 聞詩紿曰：「必欲吾行，毋殺人，毋縱火。」 賊許諾，擁以行。 聞詩遂不食，至鹿邑自經死。
Chen Wenshi, whose style was Tingxun, came from Zhecheng. During the Jiajing reign he passed the provincial examination, but with elderly parents at home he abandoned any ambition for office. After his parents died, he mourned them with such grief that he wasted away. In the autumn of the thirty-second year, the rebel leader Shang Zhao took Guide; hearing of Wenshi's reputation, he wanted to seize him and make him their commander. Later, when Zhecheng fell, they brought him there and tried every argument, but he would not submit. They brought out several members of his family and beheaded them, saying, "If you refuse, we will wipe out your clan." Wenshi deceived them, saying, "If you insist that I go with you, do not kill anyone and do not burn anything." The rebels agreed and marched him away under guard. Wenshi then refused all food, and when they reached Luyi he hanged himself.
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董倫，歸德檢校也。 尚詔入歸德，知府及守衛官皆遁。 倫率民兵巷戰，被執，垂死猶手刃數賊。 妻賈及童僕皆從死。 詔贈聞詩鳳陽同知，倫歸德同知，並立祠死所。
Dong Lun was an inspector at Guide. When Shang Zhao entered Guide, the prefect and the garrison officers all fled. Lun led militiamen in street fighting, was captured, and even as he lay dying still killed several rebels with his own hand. His wife Jia and the household servants all died with him. An edict posthumously made Wenshi Assistant Prefect of Fengyang and Lun Assistant Prefect of Guide, and shrines were erected where they died.
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王鈇，字德威，順天人。 嘉靖二十九年進士。 授常熟知縣。 濱海多大猾，匿亡命作奸，鈇悉貰其罪。 倭患起，鈇語諸猾曰：「何以報我？」 咸請效死，於是立耆長，部署子弟得數百人，合防卒訓練。 縣故無城，鈇率士卒城之。 倭來薄，數禦卻之。 已，自三丈浦分掠常熟、江陰。 參政任環令鈇與指揮孔燾分統官民兵三千，破其寨，斬首百五十有奇，焚二十七艘，余倭皆遁。 復掠勞縣，將由尚湖還海。 鈇憤曰：「賊尚敢涉吾地邪！ 必擊殺之。」
Wang Fu, whose style was Dewei, came from Shuntian. He became a jinshi in the twenty-ninth year of Jiajing. He was appointed magistrate of Changshu. The coastal region had many powerful ruffians who sheltered fugitives and committed crimes; Fu pardoned them all. When the pirate threat arose, Fu said to the ruffians, "How will you repay me?" They all offered to die in his service; he then appointed village elders, mustered several hundred local men, and combined them with garrison troops for training. The county had no wall; Fu led soldiers and laborers to build one. When pirates approached, he drove them back again and again. Later the pirates split off from Sanzhangpu to raid Changshu and Jiangyin. Vice Commissioner Ren Huan ordered Fu and Commander Kong Yan to divide command of three thousand government troops and militia; they broke the pirate camp, took more than one hundred fifty heads, burned twenty-seven ships, and the rest fled. They raided Lao County again and were preparing to return to the sea via Shanghu Lake. Fu said angrily, "The pirates still dare to cross our territory! We must strike and kill them."
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會邑人錢泮，字鳴聲者，以江西參政里居，仇倭爇其父柩，力從臾贊鈇。 乃用小艇數十躡倭，倭夾擊之隘中，獨耆長數人從，皆力鬪死。 鈇陷淖，瞋目大呼，腹中刃死。 泮被數槍，殺三賊而死。 時三十四年五月也。 詔贈泮光祿卿，鈇太僕少卿，並蔭錦衣世百戶，遣官諭祭，立祠死所，歲時奉祀。
At that time Qian Pan of the county, whose style was Mingsheng, a former Jiangxi Vice Commissioner living in retirement, hated the pirates for burning his father's coffin and strongly urged Fu on. They took several dozen small boats in pursuit; the pirates ambushed them in a narrow passage, and only a few village elders followed—all fought to the death. Fu sank into the mud, glared and shouted, and died with a blade in his belly. Pan was struck by several spears, killed three pirates, and died. This was in the fifth month of the thirty-fourth year. An edict posthumously made Pan Director of the Imperial Household and Fu Vice Director of the Imperial Stud, granted both hereditary hundred-household posts in the Embroidered Uniform Guard, sent officials to offer sacrifice, and ordered shrines built where they died with seasonal rites.
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錢錞，字鳴叔，鐘祥人。 嘉靖二十九年進士。 授江陰知縣。 初至官，倭已熾。 三十三年入犯，鄉民奔入城者萬計，兵備道王從古不納。 錞曰：「民死不救，守空城奚為！」 遂開門縱之入，而身自搏戰於斜橋，三戰卻之。 明年六月，倭據蔡涇閘，分眾犯塘頭。 錞提狼兵戰九里山，薄暮，雷雨大作，伏四起，狼兵悉奔，錞戰死。
Qian Chun, whose style was Mingshu, came from Zhongxiang. He became a jinshi in the twenty-ninth year of Jiajing. He was appointed magistrate of Jiangyin. When he first took office, the pirate threat was already severe. In the thirty-third year the pirates invaded; tens of thousands of villagers fled into the city, but Military Intendant Wang Congu refused to let them in. Chun said, "If the people die and we do not save them, what is the point of holding an empty city!" He opened the gates and let them in, then fought in person at Xieqiao Bridge and drove the enemy back in three battles. In the sixth month of the following year, pirates held the Caijing Sluice and split their forces to attack Tangtou. Chun led Lang troops into battle at Jiuli Mountain; at dusk a thunderstorm broke, ambushes sprang up everywhere, the Lang troops fled, and Chun was killed.
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唐一岑
Tang Yicen
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時唐一岑知崇明縣，建新城成，議徙居，為千戶高才、翟欽所沮。 倭突入，一岑戰且詈，遂為亂軍所殺。 詔贈錞、一岑光祿少卿，錞世蔭錦衣百戶，岑蔭國子生，並建祠祀。
At that time Tang Yicen was magistrate of Chongming; when the new city wall was finished and a move was proposed, Battalion Commanders Gao Cai and Zhai Qin blocked it. Pirates burst in; Yicen fought and cursed them, and was killed by the disorderly troops. An edict posthumously made Chun and Yicen Vice Directors of the Imperial Household, granted Chun a hereditary hundred-household post in the Embroidered Uniform Guard and Yicen enrollment in the Imperial Academy, and ordered shrines built for them.
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朱裒，字崇晉，鄖西人。 嘉靖中舉於鄉，署鞏縣教諭事。 遷武功知縣，抑豪強，祛積弊，關中呼為鐵漢。 遷揚州同知，吏無敢索民一錢。 三十四年，倭入犯，擊敗之沙河，殲其酋，還所掠牲畜甚眾。 未幾，復大至，薄城東門。 督兵奮擊，兵潰，死焉。 贈左參政，錄一子。
Zhu Bao, whose style was Chongjin, came from Yunxi. During the Jiajing reign he passed the provincial examination and served as acting instructor of Gong County. He was transferred to magistrate of Wugong, suppressed powerful families, cleared away long-standing abuses, and was called the Iron Man in Guanzhong. He was transferred to Assistant Prefect of Yangzhou; no clerk dared extract a single coin from the people. In the thirty-fourth year pirates invaded; he defeated them at Shahe, killed their chieftain, and recovered a great many stolen livestock. Before long they returned in force and pressed the east gate. He led the troops in fierce fighting; the army broke and he was killed. He was posthumously made Left Vice Commissioner and one son was granted office.
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明年，倭犯無為州，同知齊恩率舟師敗倭於圌山北等港，斬首百餘級。 子嵩，年十八，最驍勇，擊倭至安港，伏發被圍，恩家二十餘人俱力戰死，惟嵩等三人獲全。 贈恩光祿丞，錄一子，厚恤其家，建祠祀之。
The next year pirates attacked Wuwei Prefecture; Assistant Prefect Qi En led a fleet and defeated them at the harbors north of Tushan, taking more than one hundred heads. His son Song, eighteen and the most valiant, pursued pirates to Angang; an ambush sprang up and they were surrounded; more than twenty of En's family fought to the death, and only Song and two others survived. En was posthumously made Assistant Director of the Imperial Household; one son was granted office, his family was richly compensated, and a shrine was built for him.
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孫鏜，莒州人。 商販吳、越。 倭擾松江，謁郡守自請輸貲佐軍。 守薦之參政翁大立，試以只刀，若飛，錄為士兵。 擊走倭，出參政任環圍中。 遣人還莒，括家貲，悉召里兒為爪牙，吳中倚鏜若長城。 倭舟渡泖滸，鏜突出，酣戰竟日，援兵不至，還至石湖橋，半渡，伏大起，鏜墮死，中刃死。 贈光祿丞，錄一子，亦建祠祀。
Sun Tang came from Juzhou. He traded in the Wu and Yue region. When pirates harassed Songjiang, he visited the prefect and volunteered to contribute funds for the army. The prefect recommended him to Vice Commissioner Weng Dali, who tested him with a single knife—it moved like lightning—and enrolled him as a soldier. He drove off pirates and rescued Vice Commissioner Ren Huan from encirclement. He sent men back to Ju to gather his family wealth, mustered local youths as his followers, and Wu relied on Tang as on a great wall. Pirate ships crossed the Maoxu; Tang burst forth and fought all day; reinforcements never came; on the return at Shihu Bridge, halfway across, a great ambush rose; Tang fell and was killed by blades. He was posthumously made Assistant Director of the Imperial Household; one son was granted office and a shrine was built for him.
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杜槐，字茂卿，茲溪人。 倜儻任俠。 倭寇至，縣僉其父文明為部長，令團結鄉勇。 槐傷父老，以身任之，數敗倭。 副使劉起安委槐守餘姚、慈溪、定海。 遇倭定海之白沙，一日戰十三合，斬三十餘人，馘一酋，身被數槍，墮馬死。 文明擊倭鳴鶴場，斬酋一人，倭驚遁，稱為杜將軍。 無何，追至奉化楓樹嶺，戰歿。 文明贈府經歷，槐贈光祿丞，建祠並祀，蔭槐子國子生。
Du Huai, whose style was Maoqing, came from Cixi. He was free-spirited and chivalrous. When pirates arrived, the county appointed his father Wenming as section chief and ordered village braves rallied. Huai grieved that his father was old and took the task on himself, repeatedly defeating pirates. Vice Commissioner Liu Qi'an entrusted Huai with the defense of Yuyao, Cixi, and Dinghai. He met pirates at Baisha in Dinghai; in one day they fought thirteen engagements; he killed more than thirty men and took one chieftain's head; struck by several spears, he fell from his horse and died. Wenming fought pirates at Minghechang, killed one chieftain, and the pirates fled in alarm, calling him General Du. Before long, pursuing to Maple Tree Ridge in Fenghua, he was killed in battle. Wenming was posthumously made prefectural assistant; Huai was posthumously made Assistant Director of the Imperial Household; a shrine was built for both, and Huai's son was enrolled in the Imperial Academy.
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黃釧，字珍夫，安溪人。 由舉人歷官溫州同知。 嘉靖三十四年，倭入犯，釧擊走之。 知倭必復來，日夜為備。 又三年，倭果大至。 釧出城逆擊，分軍為三，釧將中軍，其二軍帥皆紈袴子，約左右應援。 及與倭遇，倭遣眾分掩二軍，而以銳卒當中軍。 釧發勁弩巨炮，戰良久，倭方不支，二軍帥望敵而潰。 倭合兵擊釧，釧腹背受敵，遂被執。 脅之降，不屈，責以金贖，釧笑且罵曰：「爾不知黃大夫不愛錢邪！」 倭怒，裸而寸斬之。 子購屍不獲，具衣冠葬。 事聞，贈浙江參議，官一子，有司建祠。
Huang Chuan, whose style was Zhenfu, came from Anxi. From provincial graduate he rose to Assistant Prefect of Wenzhou. In the thirty-fourth year of Jiajing pirates invaded and Chuan drove them off. Knowing the pirates would return, he prepared day and night. Three years later, pirates came in force as he had expected. Chuan went out to meet them, divided his force into three, commanded the center himself, and the two flank commanders were pampered youths who agreed to support him. When they met the pirates, the pirates sent forces to envelop the flanks and opposed the center with elite troops. Chuan deployed powerful crossbows and great cannon; after a long fight the pirates began to fail, but the two flank commanders fled at the sight of the enemy. The pirates combined forces against Chuan; attacked from front and rear, he was captured. They threatened him to surrender; he refused; they demanded gold for ransom; Chuan laughed and cursed, saying, "Do you not know that Grand Master Huang does not love money!" The pirates were enraged, stripped him naked, and cut him to pieces. His son could not recover the body and buried formal garments in his place. When the matter was reported, he was posthumously made Zhejiang Vice Commissioner, one son was granted office, and the local authorities built a shrine.
19
是年，倭陷福清，舉人陳見率眾禦之，與訓導鄔中涵被執，大罵而死。 倭乘勝犯惠安，知縣番禺林咸拒守五晝夜，倭引去。 已，復至，咸擊之鴨山，窮追逐北，陷伏死。 贈泉州同知，賜祠，任一子。
That year pirates took Fuqing; provincial graduate Chen Jian led the people to resist; he and Instructor Wu Zhonghan were captured, cursed them fiercely, and died. Pirates pressed their victory to attack Huian; Magistrate Lin Xian of Panyu held out for five days and nights and the pirates withdrew. Later they returned; Xian struck them at Duck Mountain, pursued them hard, fell into an ambush, and was killed. He was posthumously made Assistant Prefect of Quanzhou, granted a shrine, and one son was granted office.
20
奚世亮
Xi Shiliang
21
其陷興化，延平同知奚世亮署府事，守逾月，城陷，力戰死。 贈右參議，蔭子，賜葬。 世亮，字明仲，黃岡人。
When Xinghua fell, Yanping Assistant Prefect Xi Shiliang was acting prefect; he held out for more than a month; the city fell and he died fighting. He was posthumously made Right Vice Commissioner; a son was granted hereditary privilege and burial honors. Shiliang, whose style was Mingzhong, came from Huanggang.
22
先是，三十一年，台州知事溧水武暐追倭釣魚嶺，力戰死，上官不以聞。 其子尚寶訴於朝，乃贈太僕丞，而蔭尚實為國子生。
Earlier, in the thirty-first year, Taizhou Assistant Magistrate Wu Wei of Lishui pursued pirates to Fishing Ridge, fought fiercely, and died; his superiors did not report it. His son Shangbao appealed to the court; Wu Wei was then posthumously made Assistant Director of the Imperial Stud and Shangshi was enrolled in the Imperial Academy.
23
王德，字汝修，永嘉人。 嘉靖十七年進士。 歷戶科給事中。 定國公徐延德丐無極諸縣閑田為業，且言私置莊田，不宜以災傷免賦。 德抗疏劾之，俺答圍都城，屢陳軍國便宜，悉報可。 時城門盡閉，避難者不得入，號呼徹西內。 德以為言，民始獲入。 寇退，命募兵山東，所得悉驍勇，為諸道最。 還朝，會李默長吏部，怒德投刺倨，出為嶺南兵備僉事。 與巡撫爭事，投劾徑歸。 默復起吏部，用前憾，落職閑住。 德鄉居，以倭亂，奉母居城中，傾貲募健兒為保障計。 三十七年夏，倭自梅頭至，大掠。 德偕族父沛督義兵擊之，宵遁。 俄一舟突來犯，沛及族弟崇堯、崇修殲焉。 亡何，倭復至，大掠。 德憤怒，勒所部追襲至龍灣，軍敗，手射殺數人，罵賊死。 然倭自是不敢越德鄉侵郡城矣。 事聞，贈太僕少卿，世蔭錦衣百戶，立祠曰湣忠。
Wang De, whose style was Ruxiu, came from Yongjia. He became a jinshi in the seventeenth year of Jiajing. He served as supervising secretary in the Revenue Section. Duke of Dingguo Xu Yande petitioned for idle lands in Wuji and other counties as his estate and argued that privately established manor lands should not be exempt from tax on grounds of disaster or crop failure. De submitted a memorial impeaching him; when Altan besieged the capital, he repeatedly presented timely proposals on military and state affairs, all of which were approved. At that time all city gates were closed; refugees could not enter, and their cries reached the western inner palace. De spoke on the matter, and the people were then allowed to enter. When the invaders withdrew, he was ordered to recruit troops in Shandong; those he obtained were all fierce and brave—the best of any circuit. Returning to court, when Li Mo headed the Ministry of Personnel, he was angered that De's calling card was arrogant and sent him out as Lingnan Military Intendant. He quarreled with the grand coordinator over affairs, submitted his resignation, and went straight home. Mo was again appointed to the Ministry of Personnel and, using old resentment, had De dismissed to live in retirement. De lived in his home district; because of pirate disorder he brought his mother to live in the city and spent his wealth recruiting strong youths for defense. In the summer of the thirty-seventh year pirates came from Meitou and raided extensively. De together with his clansman uncle Pei directed volunteer troops against them, and the pirates fled by night. Soon a single boat suddenly attacked; Pei and his clansmen younger brothers Chongyao and Chongxiu were killed. Before long pirates returned and raided extensively. De in fury drove his followers in pursuit to Longwan; the army was defeated; he personally shot and killed several men, cursed the pirates, and died. From then on pirates did not dare cross De's home district to invade the prefectural city. When the matter was reported, he was posthumously made Vice Director of the Imperial Stud, granted a hereditary hundred-household post in the Embroidered Uniform Guard, and a shrine called Minzhong was built.
24
沛贈太僕丞，立祠，予蔭。
Pei was posthumously made Assistant Director of the Imperial Stud; a shrine was built and hereditary privilege granted.
25
汪一中
Wang Yizhong
26
汪一中，字正叔，歙人。 嘉靖二十三年進士。 由開封推官歷江西副使。 四十年，鄰境賊入寇，薄泰和。 一中方宴，投著起曰：「賊鼓行而西，掩我不備，不早計，且無唯類，豈飲酒時乎！」 當路遂以討賊屬之。 先是，泰和巡檢劉芳力戰死，賊怒磔其屍。 一中至，率諸將吏祭曰：「爾職抱關，猶死疆事。 吾待罪方面，不滅賊，何以生為！」 遂誓師，列陣鼓之，俘五人，斬首以徇。 旦日，陣如前，會賊至，左右軍皆潰，賊悉赴中軍，中軍亦潰。 一中躍馬當賊鋒，射殺二人，手刃一人，而左脅中槍二，臂中刃三，與指揮王應鵬、千戶唐鼎皆死。 妻程投於井，家人出之，喪至，不食五日死。 一中贈光祿卿，給祭葬，謚忠湣，妻程並贈恤如制。
Wang Yizhong, whose style was Zhengshu, came from She. He became a jinshi in the twenty-third year of Jiajing. From Kaifeng reviewing official he rose to Jiangxi Vice Commissioner. In the fortieth year bandits from a neighboring region invaded and pressed close to Taihe. Yizhong was at a banquet; he threw down his chopsticks and rose, saying, "The bandits are marching west and taking us unawares; if we do not act now, none of us will survive—is this a time for drinking!" The authorities then entrusted him with suppressing the bandits. Earlier, Taihe Inspector Liu Fang had died fighting fiercely; the bandits in anger dismembered his corpse. When Yizhong arrived, he led the generals and officials in sacrifice, saying, "Your duty was to guard the gate, yet you still died on the frontier. I hold office in this region under a charge of guilt—if I do not destroy the bandits, what reason have I to live!" He then swore in the army, drew up battle lines and beat the drums, captured five men, and beheaded them as a warning. The next day the formation was as before; when the bandits arrived, both flanks broke, the bandits all rushed the center, and the center broke as well. Yizhong leaped on his horse to meet the bandit vanguard, shot and killed two men, killed one with his own hand, was struck by two spears in the left side and three blades in the arm, and died together with Commander Wang Yingpeng and Battalion Commander Tang Ding. His wife Cheng threw herself into a well; the family pulled her out; when the coffin arrived she ate nothing for five days and died. Yizhong was posthumously made Director of the Imperial Household, granted sacrificial burial, and given the posthumous title Zhongmin; his wife Cheng received compensation according to regulation.
27
蘇夢昜
Su Mengyi
28
蘇夢昜，萬曆間，為雲南祿豐知縣。 三十五年十二月，武定賊鳳騰霄反，圍雲南府城，轉寇祿豐。 夢昜率民兵出城力戰，賊退去。 明年元旦，方朝服祝厘，賊出不意襲陷其城，執之去，不屈死。 贈光祿少卿，有司建祠，錄一子。
Su Mengyi served as magistrate of Lufeng in Yunnan during the Wanli reign. In the twelfth month of the thirty-fifth year, the Wuding bandit Feng Tengxiao rebelled, besieged Yunnan prefectural city, and turned to raid Lufeng. Mengyi led militia out of the city to fight fiercely and the bandits withdrew. On New Year's Day the next year, while he was in court dress offering blessings, bandits unexpectedly attacked and took the city, seized him, and he died without yielding. He was posthumously made Vice Director of the Imperial Household; the local authorities built a shrine and one son was granted office.
29
韋宗孝
Wei Zongxiao
30
當祿豐之未陷也，賊先犯嵩明州，吏目韋宗孝出禦而敗，合門死之。 贈本州同知，蔭子入國學。
Before Lufeng fell, bandits first attacked Songming Prefecture; Clerk Wei Zongxiao went out to resist and was defeated; the whole household died. He was posthumously made Assistant Prefect of that prefecture and a son was enrolled in the Imperial Academy.
31
有龍旌者，趙州人，由歲貢生為嵩明州學正。 賊薄城，被執，罵賊死。 贈國子博士。
There was Long Jing of Zhao Prefecture, who from annual tribute student became Director of Studies of Songming Prefecture. When bandits pressed the city he was captured, cursed them, and died. He was posthumously made Erudite of the Imperial Academy.
32
張振德
Zhang Zhende
33
張振德，字季修，昆山人。 祖情，從祖意，皆進士。 情福建副使，意山東副使。 振德由選貢生授四川興文知縣。 縣故九絲蠻地，萬曆初，始建士墻數尺，戶不滿千。 永寧宣撫奢崇明有異志，潛結奸人，掠賣子女。 振德捕奸人，論配之，招還被掠者三百餘人。 崇明賄以二千金，振德怒卻之，裂其牘。
Zhang Zhende, whose style was Jixiu, came from Kunshan. His grandfather Qing and his grand-uncle Yi were both jinshi. Qing was Fujian Vice Commissioner; Yi was Shandong Vice Commissioner. Zhende, a selected tribute student, was appointed magistrate of Xingwen in Sichuan. The county was formerly Jiusi barbarian territory; at the beginning of Wanli an earthen wall several chi high was first built, and households numbered fewer than one thousand. Yongning Pacification Commissioner She Chongming had rebellious intentions, secretly joined with evil men, and plundered and sold men and women. Zhende captured the evil men, sentenced them to penal service, and brought back more than three hundred who had been seized. Chongming bribed him with two thousand gold; Zhende angrily refused and tore up the document.
34
天啟元年方赴成都與鄉闈事，而崇明部將樊龍殺巡撫徐可求，副使駱日升、李繼周等。 重慶知府章文炳、巴縣知縣段高選皆抗節死，賊遂據重慶。 時振德兼署長寧，去賊稍遠，從者欲走長寧。 振德曰：「守興文，正也。」 疾趨入城。 長寧主簿徐大禮與振德善，以騎來迎，振德卻之。 督鄉兵與戰，不敵，退集居民城守。 會大風雨，賊毀士城入。 振德命妻錢及二女持一劍坐後堂，曰：「若輩死此，吾死前堂。」 乃取二印繫肘後，北向拜曰：「臣奉職無狀，不能殺賊，惟一死明志。」 妻女先伏劍死。 乃命家人舉火，火熾自剄。 一門死者十二人。 賊至火所，見振德面如生，左手繫印，右手握刀，忿怒如赴敵狀，皆駭愕，羅拜而去。 事聞，賜祭葬，贈光祿卿，謚烈湣。 敕有司建祠，世蔭錦衣千戶。
In the first year of Tianqi he had just gone to Chengdu for the provincial examination when Chongming's subordinate general Fan Long killed Grand Coordinator Xu Keqiu, Vice Commissioners Luo Risheng, Li Jizhou, and others. Chongqing Prefect Zhang Wenbing and Ba County Magistrate Duan Gaoxuan both died resisting to the end; the bandits then held Chongqing. At that time Zhende was also acting for Changning, somewhat farther from the bandits; his followers wished to flee to Changning. Zhende said, "To hold Xingwen is the right course." He hurried into the city. Changning Registrar Xu Dali was on good terms with Zhende and came on horseback to welcome him; Zhende refused. He directed village troops to fight, could not prevail, withdrew, gathered the people, and defended the city. A great wind and rain came; the bandits destroyed the earthen wall and entered. Zhende ordered his wife Qian and two daughters, each holding a sword, to sit in the rear hall, saying, "You shall die here; I shall die in the front hall." He then took two seals, tied them behind his elbows, bowed to the north, and said, "Your servant has performed his duty poorly and could not kill the bandits; only death can show my resolve." His wife and daughters first fell on their swords and died. He then ordered the household to set fire; when the flames blazed he cut his own throat. Twelve people of one household died. When the bandits reached the fire they saw Zhende's face as if alive, his left hand bearing the seal, his right hand gripping a blade, angry as if rushing to battle; all were struck with awe, bowed in a circle, and withdrew. When the matter was reported, sacrificial burial was granted; he was posthumously made Director of the Imperial Household and given the posthumous title Liemin. An edict ordered the local authorities to build a shrine and granted a hereditary thousand-household post in the Embroidered Uniform Guard.
35
劉希文
Liu Xiwen
36
振德既死，興文教諭劉希文代署縣事。 甫半載，賊復薄城，誓死不去。 妻白亦慷慨願同死。 城破，夫婦罵賊，並死。
After Zhende died, Xingwen Instructor Liu Xiwen acted in his place to administer county affairs. Barely half a year later bandits again pressed the city; he swore to die and would not leave. His wife Bai also vowed generously to die with him. When the city fell, husband and wife cursed the bandits and both died.
37
徐大禮
Xu Dali
38
大禮守長寧，城亦陷。 大禮曰：「吾不可負張公。」 一家四人仰藥死。 贈重慶同知，世蔭百戶。
Dali held Changning; the city also fell. Dali said, "I cannot fail Lord Zhang." Four members of one household took poison and died. He was posthumously made Assistant Prefect of Chongqing and granted a hereditary hundred-household post.
39
章文炳
Zhang Wenbing
40
文炳，長泰人。 萬曆四十一年進士。 歷戶部郎中，遷知府，治行廉潔，吏民愛之。 賊既殺巡撫可求等，文炳罵賊亦被殺。 後知其賢，為覓屍殯而歸之，喪出江上，夾岸皆大哭。 贈太僕少卿，再贈太常卿，世蔭外衛副千戶。
Wenbing came from Changtai. He became a jinshi in the forty-first year of Wanli. He served as secretary in the Ministry of Revenue, was transferred to prefect, administered with integrity and purity, and officials and people loved him. After the bandits had killed Grand Coordinator Keqiu and others, Wenbing cursed the bandits and was also killed. Later, knowing his worth, they sought his corpse, buried it, and returned it; when the coffin passed on the river, both banks wept loudly. He was posthumously made Vice Director of the Imperial Stud, then again made Director of the Imperial Sacrifices, and granted a hereditary deputy thousand-household post in an outer guard.
41
段高選
Duan Gaoxuan
42
高選，雲南劍川縣人。 萬曆四十七年進士。 適在演武場，聞變，立遣吏歸印於署，厲聲叱賊。 賊魁戒其下勿殺，而高選罵不絕聲，遂遇害。 父汝元，母劉，側室徐及一子一女，聞變，皆自盡。 僕冒死覓主屍，亦被害。 初贈尚寶卿，世蔭百戶。 崇禎元年，子暄援振德例，叩閽請優恤，贈光祿卿，世蔭錦衣千戶，建祠奉禮。 汝元等亦獲旌。 十五年復以謚請，賜謚恭節。
Gaoxuan came from Jianchuan County in Yunnan. He became a jinshi in the forty-seventh year of Wanli. He happened to be at the drill ground; hearing of the uprising, he immediately sent a clerk to return the seal to the office and shouted fiercely at the bandits. The bandit chief warned his men not to kill, but Gaoxuan cursed without cease and was then killed. His father Ruyuan, mother Liu, concubine Xu, and one son and one daughter, hearing of the uprising, all killed themselves. A servant risked death to seek his master's corpse and was also killed. Initially he was posthumously made Director of the Imperial Treasures and granted a hereditary hundred-household post. In the first year of Chongzhen his son Xuan cited Zhende's precedent, knocked at the palace gate to request enhanced compensation, and Gaoxuan was posthumously made Director of the Imperial Household, granted a hereditary thousand-household post in the Embroidered Uniform Guard, and a shrine was built for ritual offerings. Ruyuan and the others also received commendation. In the fifteenth year a posthumous title was again requested and the title Gongjie was granted.
43
左重、王碩輔、洪維翰、黃啟鳴、趙愷、馮鳳雛、蘇樸、袁一修、張志譽、宋應臯
Zuo Chong, Wang Shuofu, Hong Weihan, Huang Qiming, Zhao Kai, Feng Fengchu, Su Pu, Yuan Yixiu, Zhang Zhiyu, Song Yinggao
44
時先後殉難者，灌縣知縣左重，率壯士追賊成都，力戰馬蹶，罵賊死。 南溪知縣王碩輔，城陷自盡，賊支解之。 桐梓知縣洪維翰，城陷，奪印，不屈死。 典史黃啟鳴亦死。 郫縣訓導趙愷，率眾擊賊，被刺死。 遵義推官馮鳳雛，挺身禦賊，被創死。 遵義司獄蘇樸、威遠經歷袁一修，義不汙賊，墜城死。 大足主簿張志譽、典史宋應臯，集兵奮戰，力屈死。 所司上其狀，贈重、碩輔、維翰尚寶卿，世蔭千戶。 啟鳴重慶通判，愷重慶同知，俱世蔭試百戶。 崇禎十二年，重子廷臯援高選例乞恩，命如其請。
At that time those who successively died for the cause included Guan County Magistrate Zuo Chong, who led stalwart men in pursuit of bandits to Chengdu, fought fiercely until his horse fell, cursed the bandits, and died. Nanxi Magistrate Wang Shuofu, when the city fell, killed himself; the bandits dismembered his body. Tongzi Magistrate Hong Weihan, when the city fell, seized the seal and died without yielding. Clerk Huang Qiming also died. Pi County Instructor Zhao Kai led the people to strike the bandits and was stabbed to death. Zunyi Reviewing Official Feng Fengchu stepped forward to resist the bandits and died of wounds. Zunyi Prison Warden Su Pu and Weiyuan Assistant Magistrate Yuan Yixiu, refusing to be defiled by bandits, fell from the wall and died. Dazu Registrar Zhang Zhiyu and Clerk Song Yinggao gathered troops and fought fiercely; their strength gave out and they died. The responsible offices reported their cases; Chong, Shuofu, and Weihan were posthumously made Directors of the Imperial Treasures and granted hereditary thousand-household posts. Qiming was posthumously made Chongqing Assistant Prefect and Kai Chongqing Vice Commissioner; both were granted hereditary probationary hundred-household posts. In the twelfth year of Chongzhen Chong's son Tinggao cited Gaoxuan's precedent to beg favor; the order was granted as requested.
45
崇明父子據永寧，貴陽同知嘉興王昌胤分理永寧衛事，死難。 贈僉事，賜祭。 崇禎初，其子監生世駿言：「賊踞永寧，臣父刺血草三揭，繳印上官，以次年五月再拜自縊。 賊恨之，焚其屍。 二孫、一孫女及僕婢十三人，同日被害。 乞如張振德例，優加恤典。」 報可。
Chongming father and son held Yongning; Guiyang Vice Commissioner Wang Changyin of Jiaxing administered Yongning Guard affairs and died in the calamity. He was posthumously made Assistant Commissioner and granted sacrifice. At the beginning of Chongzhen his son, student of the Imperial Academy Shijun, said, "Bandits held Yongning; my father wrote three memorials in his own blood, surrendered his seal to his superior, and in the fifth month of the following year bowed twice and hanged himself. The bandits hated him and burned his corpse. Two grandsons, one granddaughter, and thirteen servants and maids were killed on the same day. I beg that, following Zhang Zhende's precedent, enhanced compensation be granted." Approval was granted.
46
董盡倫
Dong Jinlun
47
董盡倫，字明吾，合州人。 萬曆中舉於鄉，除清水知縣，調安定，咸有惠政。 秩滿，安定人詣闕奏留，詔加鞏昌同知，仍視縣事。 久之，以同知理甘州軍餉，解職歸。 天啟初，奢崇明反，率眾薄城。 盡倫偕知州翁登彥固守。 賊遣使說降，盡倫大怒，手刃賊使，抉其睛啖之，屢挫賊鋒，城獲全。 復率眾援銅梁有功，尋被檄搗重慶，孤軍深入，伏四起，遂虞死。 贈光祿少卿，世蔭百戶，建祠奉祀，尋改蔭指揮僉事。 崇禎初，論全城功，改蔭錦衣千戶。
Dong Jinlun, whose style was Mingwu, came from Hezhou. During the Wanli reign he passed the provincial examination, was appointed magistrate of Qingshui, transferred to Anding, and in both places had benevolent administration. When his term ended, people of Anding went to the capital to petition for his retention; an edict added the title Gongchang Vice Commissioner while he still administered county affairs. After a long time, as vice commissioner he managed Gansu military provisions, resigned, and returned home. At the beginning of Tianqi, She Chongming rebelled and led a host to press the city. Jinlun together with Prefect Weng Dengyan held firm in defense. The bandits sent envoys to persuade surrender; Jinlun flew into a rage, killed the envoys with his own hand, gouged out their eyes and ate them, repeatedly blunted the bandit advance, and the city was saved. He again led troops to relieve Tongliang with distinction; soon he was ordered to strike at Chongqing, advanced deep with an isolated army, ambushes rose on every side, and he was killed. He was posthumously made Vice Director of the Imperial Household, granted a hereditary hundred-household post, a shrine was built for him, and later the hereditary privilege was changed to battalion vice commander. At the beginning of Chongzhen, in recognition of saving the whole city, the hereditary privilege was changed to a thousand-household post in the Embroidered Uniform Guard.
48
李忠臣、高光、胡縝、聶繩昌、吳長齡、胡一夔
Li Zhongchen, Gao Guang, Hu Zhen, Nie Shengchang, Wu Changling, Hu Yikui
49
其時里居士大夫死節者，有李忠臣，永寧人，官松潘參政。 家居，陷賊。 募死士，密約總兵官楊愈懋，令以大兵薄城，己為內應。 事泄，合門遇害。 高光，瀘州人，嘗為應天通判。 城陷，發為僧，與子在昆募壯士，殺賊百餘。 賊怒，追至大葉坎，光罵賊不屈，與家眾十二人同死。 胡縝，永寧舉人。 預策崇明必反，上書當事，不納。 賊起，被執，嚴刑錮獄中。 弟緯傾家救免，乃糾義徒，潛結賊將張令等，執其偽相。 部勒行陣，自當一面，數斬馘，賊甚畏之。 既而為火藥焚死。 聶繩昌，富順舉人。 毀家募義勇禦賊，戰死。 吳長齡，瀘州監生。 率眾恢復瀘州，尋中伏，父子俱戰死。 胡一夔，興文人。 仕龍陽縣丞，被執，不屈死。 皆未予恤。
At that time among local gentry and officials who died maintaining their integrity was Li Zhongchen of Yongning, who had served as Songpan Vice Commissioner. Living at home, he fell into bandit hands. He recruited men willing to die, secretly arranged with Regional Commander Yang Yuma to have a large force press the city, and himself would serve as inner collaborator. The plan leaked and the whole household was killed. Gao Guang of Luzhou had once served as Yingtian Assistant Prefect. When the city fell he tonsured himself as a monk; with his son Zikun he recruited stalwart men and killed more than one hundred bandits. The bandits in anger pursued to Dayekan; Guang cursed them and would not yield; he died together with twelve members of his household. Hu Zhen was a provincial graduate of Yongning. He foresaw that Chongming would surely rebel, wrote to the authorities, and was not heeded. When the bandits rose he was captured and imprisoned under severe punishment. His younger brother Wei spent the family fortune to save him; he then rallied righteous followers, secretly joined with bandit generals such as Zhang Ling, and seized their false chancellor. He organized battle formations, held one front himself, repeatedly took heads, and the bandits greatly feared him. Later he was burned to death by gunpowder. Nie Shengchang was a provincial graduate of Fushun. He ruined his family to recruit righteous volunteers to resist bandits and died in battle. Wu Changling was a Luzhou student of the Imperial Academy. He led the people to recover Luzhou; soon he fell into an ambush and father and son both died in battle. Hu Yikui came from Xingwen. He served as Longyang County Assistant Magistrate, was captured, and died without yielding. None were granted compensation.
50
龔萬祿李世勛
Gong Wanlu, Li Shixun
51
龔萬祿，貴州人。 目不知書，有膽志，膂力過人。 從劉綎征楊應龍，先登海龍囤，署守備，戍建武所。 奢崇明反，眾推萬祿遊擊將軍，主兵事。 指揮李世勛，名位先萬祿，亦受節制，戮力固守。 崇明謀犯成都，憚萬祿牽其後，遣部將張令說降。 令與萬祿結，紿崇明以降。 崇明果遣他將來戍，萬祿脅降之，誘殺無算。 復微服走敘州，說副使徐如珂曰：「賊精騎萃成都，留故巢者悉老弱，誠假萬祿萬人搗其巢，彼必還救，成都圍立解矣。」 如珂奇其計，而不能用。 未幾，賊悉眾攻建武，萬祿邀擊十里外，兵少敗還，城遂陷。 世勛具衣冠再拜，率家屬自焚死。 萬祿手刃兩妾、兩孫，自刎不殊，乃握槊馳出，大呼：「我龔萬祿也，孰能追我者！」 賊相視不敢逼。 走至敘州，乞師巡撫朱燮元，遂以兵復建武。 會官軍敗於江門，賊四面來攻，萬祿力戰三日，手刃數十人，與子崇學並死。 詔贈都督僉事，立祠賜祭，世蔭百戶。
Gong Wanlu came from Guizhou. He could not read, but had courage and resolve and strength beyond ordinary men. He followed Liu Ting in the campaign against Yang Yinglong, was first to ascend Hailong Fort, was appointed garrison commander, and guarded Jianwu Post. When She Chongming rebelled, the people pushed Wanlu as mobile corps general to command military affairs. Commander Li Shixun, whose rank preceded Wanlu's, also accepted his command and strove together to hold firm. Chongming planned to attack Chengdu but feared Wanlu holding his rear; he sent subordinate general Zhang Ling to persuade surrender. Ling joined with Wanlu and deceived Chongming into believing they would surrender. Chongming indeed sent another general to garrison; Wanlu coerced his surrender and lured countless men to their deaths. He again went in disguise to Xuzhou and said to Vice Commissioner Xu Ruke, "The bandits' elite cavalry are gathered at Chengdu; those left in the old nest are all old and weak; if ten thousand men under Wanlu were lent to strike their nest, they would surely return to the rescue and the siege of Chengdu would be immediately lifted." Ruke marveled at the plan but could not use it. Before long the bandits attacked Jianwu with all their forces; Wanlu intercepted them ten li out, his troops were too few and he was defeated and retreated, and the city then fell. Shixun dressed in full regalia and bowed twice, led his family to set themselves afire, and died. Wanlu killed two concubines and two grandsons with his own hand, cut his own throat without finishing the deed, then grasped a spear and charged out, shouting, "I am Gong Wanlu—who can pursue me!" The bandits looked at one another and did not dare press close. He fled to Xuzhou, begged Grand Coordinator Zhu Xieyuan for troops, and then with soldiers recovered Jianwu. When the government army was defeated at Jiangmen, bandits attacked from all sides; Wanlu fought fiercely for three days, killed several dozen men with his own hand, and died together with his son Chongxue. An edict posthumously made him Vice Commander-in-Chief, ordered a shrine built and sacrifice granted, and granted a hereditary hundred-household post.
52
翟英、韓應泰、郁聯若、張羽
Zhai Ying, Han Yingtai, Yu Lianruo, Zhang Yu
53
時成都衛指揮翟英扼賊龍泉驛，成都後衛指揮韓應泰赴援成都，遇賊草堂寺，小河所鎮撫郁聯若鏖賊城西，茂州百戶張羽救援郫縣，皆力戰死。
At that time Chengdu Guard Commander Zhai Ying blocked bandits at Longquan Post; Chengdu Rear Guard Commander Han Yingtai went to relieve Chengdu and met bandits at Caotang Temple; Xiaohe Post Assistant Commander Yu Lianruo fought bandits fiercely west of the city; Maozhou Hundred-Household Commander Zhang Yu went to relieve Pixian—all died fighting.
54
管良相
Guan Liangxiang
55
管良相者，烏撒衛指揮也，為人慷慨負奇節。 天啟初，樊龍等反於四川，巡撫李枟召至麾下，與籌軍事。 良相策安邦彥必反，佐枟為固守計。 尋以祖母疾，乞假婦，泣語枟曰：「烏撒孤城，密邇水西，且與安效良相仇。 水西有變，禍必首及，良相無子，願以死報國。 乞建長策，保此一方。」 逾月，邦彥果反，圍其城，良相固守不下。 久之，外援不至，城陷，自縊死。
Guan Liangxiang was commander of Wusa Guard; as a man he was generous and possessed extraordinary integrity. At the beginning of Tianqi, Fan Long and others rebelled in Sichuan; Grand Coordinator Li Zong summoned him to his staff to plan military affairs. Liangxiang foresaw that An Bangyan would surely rebel and assisted Zong in plans for firm defense. Soon, because of his grandmother's illness, he begged leave to return to his wife and wept, saying to Zong, "Wusa is an isolated city close to Shuixi and moreover at odds with An Bangyan. If Shuixi has trouble, disaster will surely strike here first; Liangxiang has no son and wishes to repay the state with his death. I beg you to devise a long-term plan to protect this region." More than a month later Bangyan indeed rebelled, besieged the city, and Liangxiang held firm and would not yield. After a long time external relief did not arrive; the city fell and he hanged himself.
56
李應期、朱運泰、蔣邦俊、王明重、丘述堯、金紹勛、簡登、劉臯、臯子景、劉三畏
Li Yingqi, Zhu Yuntai, Jiang Bangjun, Wang Mingzhong, Qiu Shuyao, Jin Shaoxun, Jian Deng, Liu Gao, Gao's son Jing, Liu Sanwei
57
同官李應期、朱運泰、蔣邦俊亦遇害。 時普定衛王明重、威清衛丘述堯、平壩衛金紹勛、坎陽把總簡登、龍里故守備劉臯、臯子景並死難，而訓導劉三畏，賊至不避，兀坐齋中，見殺，人稱「龍里三劉」。
Fellow officials Li Yingqi, Zhu Yuntai, and Jiang Bangjun were also killed. At that time Puding Guard Wang Mingzhong, Weiqing Guard Qiu Shuyao, Pingba Guard Jin Shaoxun, Kanyang Battalion Commander Jian Deng, former Longli Garrison Commander Liu Gao, and Gao's son Jing all died in the calamity; Instructor Liu Sanwei, when bandits arrived, did not flee but sat upright in his study and was killed—people called them "the three Lius of Longli."
58
徐朝綱
Xu Chaogang
59
五年正月恤殉難諸臣，贈朝綱光祿少卿，蔭子入國學。 子天鳳甫第進士，即奔喪歸，服闋，授戶部主事。 疏言：「臣家一門，臣死忠，妻死節，婦死姑，孫死祖，婢僕死主。 此從來未有之節烈，乞如張振德例，再加優恤。 臣母、臣嫂，一體旌表。」 帝深嘉之，再贈光祿卿，改蔭錦衣世千戶，賜祭葬，立祠建坊，諸從死者皆附祀。
In the first month of the fifth year compensation was granted to officials who died for the cause; Chaogang was posthumously made Vice Director of the Imperial Household and a son was enrolled in the Imperial Academy. His son Tianfeng had just passed the jinshi examination; he immediately returned for mourning; when the mourning period ended he was appointed secretary in the Ministry of Revenue. In a memorial he said, "In my household: the subject died in loyalty, the wife died in chastity, the daughter-in-law died for her mother-in-law, the grandson died for his grandfather, and servants died for their master. Such integrity and martyrdom have never been seen before; I beg that, following Zhang Zhende's precedent, enhanced compensation be granted. My mother and my sister-in-law should both receive commendation." The emperor deeply praised this; Chaogang was again posthumously made Director of the Imperial Household, the hereditary privilege was changed to a thousand-household post in the Embroidered Uniform Guard, sacrificial burial was granted, a shrine and memorial arch were built, and all who died with him were given joint sacrifice.
60
同時殉難者：
Those who died for the cause at the same time:
61
楊以成
Yang Yicheng
62
楊以成，雲南路南人。 萬曆中，由貢生授貴陽通判，理畢節衛事。 秩滿，進同知，仍治畢節。 邦彥圍貴陽，以成具蠟書乞援於雲南巡撫沈儆炌。 書發而賊已至，戰卻之。 賊來益眾，以成遣吏懷印間道趨省，身督吏民拒守。 會援兵至，賊方夜逃，而衛吏阮世爵為內應，城遂陷。 以成倉皇投繯，賊繫之去。 乃為書述賊中情形，置竹筒中，遣弟以恭赴雲南告變，至散納溪，賊搜得其書，並以成殺之，家屬死者十三人。 贈按察僉事，賜葬。
Yang Yicheng came from Lunan in Yunnan. During the Wanli reign, from tribute student he was appointed Guiyang Assistant Prefect and administered Bijie Guard affairs. When his term ended he was promoted to vice commissioner and still administered Bijie. When Bangyan besieged Guiyang, Yicheng prepared a wax-sealed letter begging relief from Yunnan Grand Coordinator Shen Jingcan. The letter was sent but the bandits had already arrived; he fought and drove them back. The bandits came in greater numbers; Yicheng sent a clerk bearing the seal by a secret route to the provincial capital while he personally directed officials and people in defense. When relief troops arrived the bandits were just fleeing by night, but Guard Clerk Ruan Shijue served as inner collaborator and the city then fell. Yicheng in haste tried to hang himself; the bandits bound him and took him away. He then wrote a letter describing conditions among the bandits, placed it in a bamboo tube, and sent his younger brother Yigong to Yunnan to report the uprising; at Sannaxi the bandits searched and found the letter and also killed Yicheng; thirteen members of his family died. He was posthumously made Surveillance Vice Commissioner and granted burial.
63
鄭鼎，字爾調，龍溪人。 由鄉舉為廣順知州。 策安邦彥必反，上書當事言狀。 州故無城，督民樹柵實以士。 無何，邦彥果反，來攻城，鼎誓死固守。 或言賊勢盛，宜走定番。 鼎曰：「吾守土吏也，義當與城存亡。」 及賊入，與士官金燦端坐堂上，並為賊所殺，婢僕從死者六人。 吏目胡士統被執，亦不屈死。 巡撫李枟上於朝，贈僉事，賜祭。 崇禎元年，以成子舉人興南，鼎子舉人昆禎皆援朝綱例，請加恤，並贈光祿卿，世蔭錦衣千戶，予祭葬，有司建祠立坊，以恭亦附祀。 昆禎後舉進士，歷御史，尚寶卿。
Zheng Ding, whose style was Ertiao, came from Longxi. From provincial examination he became Prefect of Guangshun. He foresaw that An Bangyan would surely rebel and wrote to the authorities describing the situation. The prefecture originally had no wall; he directed the people to erect palisades filled with earth. Before long Bangyan indeed rebelled, came to attack the city, and Ding swore to die holding firm. Some said the bandit force was strong and he should flee to Dingfan. Ding said, "I am an official who guards the land; by duty I should live or die with the city." When the bandits entered, he and native official Jin Can sat upright in the hall and were both killed by bandits; six maids and servants died with them. Clerk Hu Shitong was captured and also died without yielding. Grand Coordinator Li Zong reported to the court; Ding was posthumously made Assistant Commissioner and granted sacrifice. In the first year of Chongzhen, Yicheng's son provincial graduate Xingnan and Ding's son provincial graduate Kunzhen both cited Chaogang's precedent to request enhanced compensation; both were posthumously made Directors of the Imperial Household, granted hereditary thousand-household posts in the Embroidered Uniform Guard, given sacrificial burial, and the local authorities built shrines and memorial arches; Yigong was also given joint sacrifice. Kunzhen later passed the jinshi examination, served as censor, and became Director of the Imperial Treasures.
64
孫克恕
Sun Keshu
65
時有孫克恕者，字推之，馬平人。 舉於鄉，歷官貴州副使，分巡思石道。 禦賊戰死，有虎守其骸不去，蠻人嗟異。 事聞，贈太僕卿，賜祭葬。
At that time there was Sun Keshu, whose style was Tuizhi, from Maping. He passed the provincial examination, rose to Guizhou Vice Commissioner, and patrolled the Sishi Circuit. He resisted bandits and died in battle; a tiger guarded his corpse and would not leave; the barbarians marveled. When the matter was reported, he was posthumously made Director of the Imperial Stud and granted sacrificial burial.
66
姬文胤
Ji Wenyin
67
姬文胤，字士昌，華州人。 舉於鄉。 天啟二年授滕縣知縣。 視事甫三日，白蓮賊徐鴻儒薄城，民什九從亂。 文胤徒步叫號，驅吏卒登陴，不滿三百，望賊輒走，存者才數十。 問何故從賊，曰：「禍由董二。」 董二者，故延綏巡撫董國光子也，居鄉貪暴，民不聊生，故從賊。 文胤憑城諭曰：「良民以董二故，挺而從賊。 吾將執二置諸法，為若雪憤，可乎？」 文胤身長赤面，須髯戟張，賊望見，駭為神人，皆歡呼羅拜。 俄而發箭西隅，斃二賊。 視之，延綏沙柳竿也。 賊謂文胤紿之，大憤，肉薄登城，眾悉潰。 文胤緋衣坐堂皇，嚼齒罵賊。 賊前，搏裂冠裳，械系之，罵不屈。 三日潛解印，畀小吏魏顯照及家僮李守務，北向拜闕，遂自經。 賊搒掠顯照索印，顯照潛授其父，而與守務罵賊，並死之。 事聞，贈太僕少卿，立祠致祀，錄一子，優恤顯照、守務家。 董二逾城遁去。
Ji Wenyin, whose style was Shichang, came from Huazhou. He passed the provincial examination. In the second year of Tianqi he was appointed magistrate of Teng County. He had administered affairs barely three days when White Lotus bandit Xu Hongru pressed the city and nine-tenths of the people joined the rebellion. Wenyin on foot shouted and called, drove clerks and soldiers onto the battlements—fewer than three hundred; at sight of bandits they fled, and only several dozen remained. He asked why they followed the bandits; they said, "The disaster is because of Dong the Second." Dong the Second was the son of former Yan-sui Grand Coordinator Dong Guoguang; living in the countryside he was greedy and violent, the people could not make a living, and therefore they followed the bandits. Wenyin leaned on the wall and announced, "Good people took up arms and followed the bandits because of Dong the Second. I will seize the Second and put him to the law to vent your anger—is that acceptable?" Wenyin was tall with a red face and bristling beard; when the bandits saw him they were awestruck as at a divine being and all shouted and bowed in a circle. Soon arrows were loosed from the west corner and two bandits were killed. Looking, it was Sha Liugan of Yan-sui. The bandits thought Wenyin had deceived them, were greatly enraged, pressed close to scale the wall, and the whole force broke. Wenyin in crimson robes sat in the main hall, grinding his teeth and cursing the bandits. The bandits came forward, tore his cap and robes, bound him in shackles, and he cursed without yielding. On the third day he secretly removed the seal and gave it to clerk Wei Xianzhao and household servant Li Shouwu, bowed toward the north to the imperial court, and then hanged himself. The bandits beat and plundered Xianzhao to demand the seal; Xianzhao secretly gave it to his father, then together with Shouwu cursed the bandits and both died. When the matter was reported, he was posthumously made Vice Director of the Imperial Stud, a shrine was built for sacrifice, one son was granted office, and the families of Xianzhao and Shouwu were richly compensated. Dong the Second fled over the wall and escaped.
68
孟承光
Meng Chengguang
69
時賊陷鄒縣，博士孟承光被執，詬詈不屈死。 贈尚寶少卿，世蔭錦衣千戶。 承光，字永觀，亞聖裔，世蔭《五經》博士也。
At that time when bandits took Zou County, Erudite Meng Chengguang was captured, reviled them, and died without yielding. He was posthumously made Vice Director of the Imperial Treasures and granted a hereditary thousand-household post in the Embroidered Uniform Guard. Chengguang, whose style was Yongguan, was a descendant of the Second Sage and held the hereditary post of Erudite of the Five Classics.
70
朱萬年
Zhu Wannian
71
朱萬年，黎平人。 萬曆中，舉於鄉。 歷萊州知府，有惠政。 崇禎五年，叛將李九成等陷登州，率眾來犯。 萬年率吏民固守。 時山東巡撫徐從治、登萊巡撫謝璉並在城中，被圍，堅守數月，從治中炮死。 賊詭乞降，璉率萬年往受，為所執。 萬年曰：「爾執我無益，盍以精騎從我，呼守者出降。」 賊以精騎五百擁萬年至城下，萬年大呼曰：「我被擒，誓必死。 賊精銳盡在此，急發炮擊之，毋以我為念！」 守將楊禦蕃不忍，萬年復頓足大呼，賊怒殺之。 城上人見萬年已死，遂發駮，賊死過半。 事聞，贈太常卿，賜祭葬，有司建祠，官一子。
Zhu Wannian came from Liping. During the Wanli reign he passed the provincial examination. He served as Prefect of Laizhou and had benevolent administration. In the fifth year of Chongzhen, rebel generals Li Jiucheng and others took Dengzhou and led a host to attack. Wannian led officials and people to hold firm. At that time Shandong Grand Coordinator Xu Congzhi and Deng-Lai Grand Coordinator Xie Lian were both in the city; besieged, they held firm for several months; Congzhi was killed by cannon fire. The bandits falsely begged to surrender; Lian led Wannian to accept and they were seized. Wannian said, "Seizing me is useless—why not have elite cavalry follow me and call on the defenders to come out and surrender?" The bandits with five hundred elite cavalry escorted Wannian to the foot of the wall; Wannian shouted, "I have been captured and swear I must die. The bandits' elite troops are all here—fire cannon at once and do not think of me!" Garrison Commander Yang Yufan could not bear it; Wannian again stamped his feet and shouted; the bandits in anger killed him. Those on the wall saw Wannian was dead and then fired cannon; more than half the bandits died. When the matter was reported, he was posthumously made Director of the Imperial Sacrifices, granted sacrificial burial, the local authorities built a shrine, and one son was granted office.
72
秦三輔、王協中、吳世揚、張國輔、張奇功、熊奮渭、陳所聞
Qin Sanfu, Wang Xiezhong, Wu Shiyang, Zhang Guofu, Zhang Qigong, Xiong Fenwei, Chen Suowen
73
初，賊掠新城，知縣秦三輔、訓導王協中禦之，並死。 其陷黃縣，知縣吳世揚罵賊死，縣丞張國輔、參將張奇功、守備熊奮渭皆力戰死。 陷平度，知州陳所聞自縊死。 三輔、世揚贈光祿少卿，所聞贈太僕少卿，並賜祭葬，建祠，蔭子。 協中、國輔、奇功亦贈恤有差。 三輔，三原人。 世揚，洛陽人。 所聞，畿輔人。 並起家乙榜。
Initially, when bandits raided Xincheng, Magistrate Qin Sanfu and Instructor Wang Xiezhong resisted them and both died. When they took Huang County, Magistrate Wu Shiyang cursed the bandits and died; Assistant Magistrate Zhang Guofu, Regional Commander Zhang Qigong, and Garrison Commander Xiong Fenwei all died fighting. When Pingdu fell, Prefect Chen Suowen hanged himself. Sanfu and Shiyang were posthumously made Vice Directors of the Imperial Household; Suowen was posthumously made Vice Director of the Imperial Stud; all were granted sacrificial burial, shrines were built, and sons were granted hereditary privilege. Xiezhong, Guofu, and Qigong also received posthumous compensation in varying degrees. Sanfu came from Sanyuan. Shiyang came from Luoyang. Suowen came from the capital region. All began their careers through the second-rank examination list.
74
張瑤，蓬萊人。 天啟五年進士。 授開封府推官，絕請寄，抑豪強，吏民畏如神。 崇禎四年行取入都，吏科宋鳴梧力援宋玫為給事，而抑瑤，授府同知。 瑤怒，疏摭玫行賄狀。 吏部尚書閔洪學劾瑤饋遺奔競，鳴梧復極論之，謫河州判官，未赴。 明年正月，李九成等逼登州，瑤率家眾登陴拒守。 城陷，瑤猶揮石奮擊。 賊擁執之，大罵不屈，被殺。 妻女四人並投井死。 贈光祿少卿。
Zhang Yao came from Penglai. He became a jinshi in the fifth year of Tianqi. He was appointed Kaifeng Prefecture reviewing official, refused all patronage requests, suppressed powerful families, and officials and people feared him as a god. In the fourth year of Chongzhen he was selected for the capital; Supervising Secretary Song Mingwu strongly supported Song Mei for supervising secretary and suppressed Yao, who was made prefectural vice commissioner. Yao in anger submitted a memorial detailing Mei's bribery. Ministry of Personnel Minister Min Hongxue impeached Yao for gifts and scrambling for office; Mingwu again argued fiercely; Yao was demoted to Hezhou Assistant Magistrate and had not yet taken up the post. In the first month of the next year Li Jiucheng and others pressed Dengzhou; Yao led his household onto the battlements to resist. When the city fell Yao still hurled stones and fought fiercely. The bandits seized him in a crowd; he cursed loudly and would not yield and was killed. His wife and four daughters all threw themselves into a well and died. He was posthumously made Vice Director of the Imperial Household.
75
王與夔、張儼然、張聯臺、蔣時行
Wang Yuqi, Zhang Yiran, Zhang Liangtai, Jiang Shixing
76
先是，賊陷新城，舉人王與夔、張儼然死之。 其陷他縣者，貢生張聯臺、蔣時行亦死之。 皆格於例，不獲旌。 禮部侍郎陳子壯上言：「舉貢死難，無恤典，舊制也。 然名既登於天府，恩獨後於流官，九泉之下，能無怨恫。 比者，武舉李調禦賊捐軀，已蒙贈恤。 武途如此，文儒安得獨遺。 乞量贈一官，永為定制。」 可之。 乃贈輿夔、儼然宛平知縣，聯臺、時行順天府教授。 其後地方死難，若舉人李讓、吳之秀、賈煜、張慶雲，貢生張茂貞、張茂恂，皆贈官如前制。
Earlier, when bandits took Xincheng, provincial graduates Wang Yuqi and Zhang Yiran died. When other counties fell, tribute students Zhang Liangtai and Jiang Shixing also died. All were blocked by precedent and received no commendation. Vice Minister of Rites Chen Zizhuang submitted a memorial, saying, "Provincial graduates and tribute students who die in calamity receive no compensation—this is old regulation. Yet their names are already recorded in the imperial registry while favor alone lags behind regular officials—in the realm below, how can there be no resentment? Recently, military examination graduate Li Diao resisted bandits and gave his life and has already received posthumous compensation. If the military path is treated thus, how can literary scholars alone be left out? I beg that an office be granted in proportion and made a permanent regulation." Approval was granted. Yuqi and Yiran were then posthumously made magistrates of Wanping; Liangtai and Shixing were made professors of Shuntian Prefecture. Thereafter, local men who died in calamity, such as provincial graduates Li Rang, Wu Zhixiu, Jia Yu, and Zhang Qingyun and tribute students Zhang Maozhen and Zhang Maoxun, all received posthumous offices under the same regulation.
77
何天衢
He Tianqu
78
何天衢，字升宇，阿迷州人。 有勇略，土酋普名聲招為頭目，使駐三鄉。 崇禎三年，名聲反，謀出三路兵，至昆明會戰。 令天衢自維摩羅平入，以炮手三百人助之。 天衢慨然曰：「此大丈夫報國秋也，吾豈為逆賊用哉！」 坑殺炮手數十人，率眾歸附，署維摩州同知李嗣泌開城納之。 名聲已陷彌勒，聞大懼，急撤兩路兵歸。 巡撫王伉上其事，授為守備。 後數與嗣泌進剿有功。 及名聲死，妻萬氏代領其眾，屢攻天衢。 天衢屢挫之，錄功，進參將。 十三年擢副總兵。 萬氏贅沙定洲為婿，益以南安兵，且厚賂黔國公用事者，令毀天衢。 天衢請兵餉皆不應，賊悉力攻之，食盡，舉家自焚死。
He Tianqu, whose style was Shengyu, came from Ami Prefecture. He had courage and strategy; native chieftain Pu Mingsheng recruited him as a headman and stationed him at Sanxiang. In the third year of Chongzhen, Mingsheng rebelled and planned to send three routes of troops to meet in battle at Kunming. He ordered Tianqu to enter from Weimo and Luoping and gave him three hundred artillerymen to assist. Tianqu said with emotion, "This is the moment for a great man to repay the state—how could I be used by rebels!" He buried and killed several dozen artillerymen, led his followers to submit, and Acting Weimo Vice Commissioner Li Sibì opened the city to receive him. Mingsheng had already taken Mile; hearing this he was greatly afraid and urgently withdrew the two other routes. Grand Coordinator Wang Kang reported the matter and Tianqu was appointed garrison commander. Later he repeatedly joined Sibì in advance suppression with merit. When Mingsheng died, his wife Lady Wan took command of his followers and repeatedly attacked Tianqu. Tianqu repeatedly defeated her; his merit was recorded and he was promoted to regimental commander. In the thirteenth year he was promoted to vice regional commander. Lady Wan took Sha Dingzhou as son-in-law, added Nan'an troops, and also bribed those in power at the Qian Principality to destroy Tianqu. Tianqu's requests for troops and provisions went unanswered; bandits attacked with all their strength; food ran out and the whole household burned themselves to death.
79
楊於陛
Yang Yubi
80
初，名聲之亂，有楊於陛者，劍州人。 舉於鄉。 歷官武定府同知。 巡撫伉令監紀軍事，兵敗被執，死之。 贈太僕少卿，建祠曰精忠。
At the beginning of Mingsheng's rebellion there was Yang Yubi of Jian Prefecture. He passed the provincial examination. He served as Assistant Prefect of Wuding Prefecture. Grand Coordinator Kang ordered him to supervise military affairs; the army was defeated, he was captured, and died. He was posthumously made Vice Director of the Imperial Stud and a shrine called Jingzhong was built.