1
南齊書卷第二本紀第二
Book of Southern Qi, Volume 2, Annals 2
2
高帝下
Emperor Gao (continued)
3
建元元年夏四月甲午，上卽皇帝位於南郊，設壇柴燎告天曰：「皇帝臣道成敢用玄牡，昭告皇皇后帝。 宋帝陟鑒乾序，欽若明命，以命于道成。 夫肇自生民，樹以司牧，所以闡極則天，開元創物，肆茲大道。 天下惟公，命不于常。 昔在虞、夏，受終上代，粵自漢、魏，揖讓中葉，咸炳諸典謨，載在方冊。 水德旣微，仍世多故，實賴道成匡拯之功，以弘濟于厥艱。 大造顛墜，再構區宇，宣禮明刑，締仁緝義。 晷緯凝象，川岳表靈，誕惟天人，罔弗和會。 乃仰協歸運，景屬與能，用集大命于茲。 辭德匪嗣，至于累仍，而羣公卿士，庶尹御事，爰及黎獻，至于百戎，僉曰『皇天眷命，不可以固違，人神無托，不可以曠主』。 畏天之威，敢不祗順鴻曆？ 敬簡元辰，虔奉皇符，升壇受禪，告類上帝，以永答民衷，式敷萬國。 惟明靈是饗！」
In the first year of Jianyuan, summer, fourth month, day jiawu, he took the throne at the Southern Altar. The altar was raised, firewood was burned, and he addressed Heaven: "Your subject Daocheng, now Emperor, dares offer the black bull and declare to Heaven and Earth: The Song emperor has read Heaven's order, bowed to the bright command, and entrusted the charge to Daocheng. Since mankind began, rulers have been appointed to tend the folk, to touch the pole and mirror Heaven, to open an age and shape the world—to walk this great road. The realm belongs to the worthy; the mandate does not stay with one house forever. In Yu and Xia, the throne passed from the old line; from Han and Wei, rulers yielded in mid-dynasty—all of it glows in the classics and lives in the annals. The Water reign had faded and age after age brought disaster; only Daocheng's work of rescue bore the realm through its peril. He raised what had collapsed, built the realm anew, set rites in the open and law in the light, and wove humanity and duty into the state. The sun's shadow and the stars stood firm, rivers and peaks showed their numen; Heaven and humanity met, and all things fell into accord. He bowed to the turning of fate, the bright sign settled on worth, and the great charge was gathered here. He refused the throne again and again, but ministers high and low, officers of every rank, the people, and the hundred border tribes cried as one: "Heaven has chosen—you cannot stand against it; gods and men need a lord—you cannot leave the throne empty." Who, fearing Heaven's wrath, would not bow to the great succession? He chose the auspicious day, received the imperial tally in reverence, climbed the altar for the abdication rite, and reported to Heaven—to answer the people forever and bless the ten thousand realms. May the bright powers accept this offering!"
4
禮畢，大駕還宮，臨太極前殿。 詔曰：「五德更紹，帝迹所以代昌； 三正迭隆，王度所以改耀。 世有質文，時或因革，其資元膺曆，經道振民，固以異術同揆，殊流共貫者矣。 朕以寡昧，屬值艱季，推肆勤之誠，藉樂治之數，賢能悉心，士民致力，用獲拯溺龕暴，一匡天下。 業未參古，功殆侔昔。 宋氏以陵夷有徵，歷數攸及，思弘樂推，永鑒崇替，爰集天祿于朕躬。 惟志菲薄，辭弗獲昭，遂欽從天人，式繇景命，祗月正于文祖，升禋鬯于上帝。 猥以寡德，光宅四海，纂革代之蹤，托王公之上，若涉淵水，罔知所濟。 寶祚初啓，洪慶惟新，思俾利澤，宣被億兆，可大赦天下。 改昇明三年爲建元元年。 賜民爵二級，文武進位二等，鰥寡孤獨不能自存者穀人五斛。 逋租宿債勿復收。 有犯鄉論清議，贓汙淫盜，一皆蕩滌，洗除先注，與之更始。 長徒敕繫之囚，特皆原遣。 亡官失爵，禁錮奪勞，一依舊典。」
When the ceremony ended, the imperial procession returned to the palace and took seat before the Hall of Supreme Ultimate. An edict ran: "As the Five Phases turn, one throne gives way to the next. As the Three Calendars shift, the royal pattern takes a new light. Each age has its plain speech and its polish, and custom bends with the times; yet those who hold Heaven's first seal, keep the Way, and rouse the people—different tools, one measure; different currents, one channel. I am dull and small, and came to power in bitter years; by honest toil and the arts of good government, with the worthy giving all they had and the people lending their strength, we pulled the drowned from the flood, caged the cruel, and set the realm right in a single stroke. My work does not yet equal the ancients, yet my deed stands near theirs. Song was failing by every sign; its span had run its course. I wished only to honor the people's wish to yield, to read rise and fall in the mirror of history—and Heaven's blessing settled on me. My heart is humble; refusal brought no peace—so I bowed to Heaven and the people, followed the bright command, set the calendar month at the shrine of Wen, and offered the sacred ale to the Lord on High. With little merit I now light the four seas, take up the trail of a new dynasty, and sit above kings and lords—as a man fording deep water who cannot see the far bank. The throne is new and blessing is renewed. I would let favor reach every corner of the realm: let there be a general amnesty throughout the land. Shengming 3 becomes the first year of Jianyuan. Commoners receive two steps of rank; civil and military officers rise two grades; widowers, widows, orphans, and the destitute alone receive five hu of grain apiece. Back rent and old debts are forgiven. Offenses under village reputation law, graft, debauchery, and theft—all records are struck and names cleared for a fresh start. Long-term convicts and those held by special order are pardoned and sent home. Men who lost posts or titles, or who were barred or stripped of corvée—each case follows the former code."
5
封宋帝爲汝陰王，築宮丹陽縣故治，行宋正朔，車旗服色，一如故事，上書不爲表，答表不稱詔。 降宋晉熙王燮爲陰安公，江夏王躋爲沙陽公，隨王翽爲舞陰公，新興王嵩爲定襄公，建安王禧爲荔浦公，郡公主爲縣君，縣公主爲鄉君。 詔曰：「繼世象賢，列代盛典，疇庸嗣美，前載令圖。 宋氏通侯，乃宜隨運省替。 但欽德懷義，尚表墳閭，況功濟區夏，道光民俗者哉？ 降差之典，宜遵往制。 南康縣公華容縣公可爲侯，萍鄉縣侯可爲伯，減戶有差，以繼劉穆之、王弘、何無忌後。」
The Song emperor became Prince of Runan, with a residence at old Danyang. He kept Song rites, banners, and colors. His letters were not called memorials; court replies to him were not called edicts. Jinxi prince Xie became Duke of Yin'an; the Jiangxia, Sui, Xinxing, and Jian'an princes were demoted to county dukes; commandery princesses became county ladies, county princesses township ladies. An edict said: "Passing the throne to the worthy is the rite of every dynasty; honoring merit and continuing a noble line is the pattern left by the ancients. Song's feudal ranks should shrink with the change of house. Yet men who loved righteousness still had their graves tended—what of those whose work saved the realm and whose fame lit the people? The rules of demotion should follow the old precedents. The county dukes of Nankang and Huarong are made marquises; the marquis of Pingxiang is made an earl; household quotas are cut by rank, to carry on the houses of Liu Muzhi, Wang Hong, and He Wuji."
6
以司空褚淵爲司徒，吳郡太守柳世隆爲南豫州刺史。 詔曰：「宸運肇創，實命惟新，宜弘慶宥，廣敷蠲汰。 劫賊餘口沒在臺府者，悉原放。 諸負釁流徙，普聽還本土。」 以齊國左衛將軍陳顯達爲中護軍，中領軍王敬則爲南兖州刺史，左衛將軍李安民爲中領軍。 戊戌，以荊州刺史嶷爲尚書令、驃騎大將軍、開府儀同三司、揚州刺史，冠軍將軍映爲荊州刺史，西中郎將晃爲南徐州刺史，冠軍將軍垣崇祖爲豫州刺史，驃騎司馬崔文仲爲徐州刺史。
Chu Yuan, minister of works, became grand minister; Liu Shilong, administrator of Wu, became inspector of South Yuzhou. An edict said: "The throne is new and the charge is new—let mercy run wide and burdens be lifted. Captives left from rebel raids and held in central offices are all freed. Exiles and banished men may return home." Chen Xianda, left guards general of Qi, became director of the central guard; Wang Jingze, central army commander, inspector of South Yanzhou; Li Anmin, left guards general, central army commander. Day wuxu: Luan, inspector of Jing, became director of the master of writing, general-in-chief who spreads might, with secretariat equal to the three excellencies, and inspector of Yang; Ying, champion general, inspector of Jing; Huang, west general of the gentlemen, inspector of South Xuzhou; Yuan Chongzu, champion general, inspector of Yu; Cui Wenzong, chief commandant under the general who spreads might, inspector of Xu.
7
斷四方上慶禮。 己亥，詔曰：「自廬井毀制，農桑易業，鹽鐵妨民，貨鬻傷治，歷代成俗，流蠹歲滋。 援拯遺弊，革末反本，使公不專利，氓無失業。 二宮諸王，悉不得營立屯邸，封略山湖。 太官池籞，宮停稅入，優量省置。」 庚子，詔「宋帝后蕃王諸陵，宜有守衛。」 有司奏帝陵各置長一人，兵有差，王陵五人，妃嬪三人。
Celebrations sent in from the provinces were halted. Day jihai: an edict said: "Since fields and hamlets fell into ruin and farmers turned to trade, salt monopolies and iron dues have hurt the people and peddling has poisoned government—an old evil that grows worse each year. We must heal what remains and turn the realm back to its root, so lords do not hoard gain and the people do not lose their work. Neither inner palace nor princes may build manor estates or fence off mountains and lakes. Imperial fishponds and parks, and levies on palace lands, are to be trimmed and posts cut. Day gengzi: "The tombs of the Song house—emperor, consorts, princes, and princesses—shall have guards." The ministries proposed one tomb chief per imperial mound, with fixed guards: five men for princes' tombs, three for consorts'.
8
五月丙午，進河南王吐谷渾拾寅號驃騎大將軍。 詔曰：「宸運革命，引爵改封，宋氏第秩，雖宜省替，其有預效屯夷、宣力齊業者，一仍本封，無所減降。 有司奏留襄陽郡公張敬兒等六十二人，除廣興郡公沈曇亮等百二十二人。 改《元嘉曆》爲《建元曆》，木德盛卯終未，以正月卯祖，十二月未臘。 丁未，詔曰：「設募取將，懸賞購士，蓋出權宜，非曰恆制。 頃世艱險，浸以成俗，且長逋逸，開罪山湖。 是爲黥刑不辱，亡竄無咎。 自今以後，可斷衆募。」 壬子，詔封佐命文武功臣新除司徒褚淵等三十一人，進爵增戶各有差。 乙卯，河南王吐谷渾拾寅奉表貢獻。 丙辰，詔遣大使分行四方，遣兼散騎常侍十二人巡行。 以交寧道遠，不遣使。 己未，汝陰王薨，追諡爲宋順帝，終禮依魏元、晉恭帝故事。 辛酉，陰安公劉燮等伏誅。 追封諡上兄道度爲衡陽元王，道生爲始安貞王。 丙寅，追尊皇考曰宣皇帝，皇妣爲孝皇后，妃爲昭皇后。
Fifth month, day bingwu: Murong Shibin of Henan was promoted to general-in-chief who spreads might. An edict said: "The dynasty has turned; titles must be refitted. Song ranks should shrink—but men who proved themselves on the border or helped found Qi keep their old fiefs whole. The ministries listed sixty-two men, including Zhang Jing'er of Xiangyang, whose titles stood; one hundred twenty-two, including Shen Tanliang of Guangxing, were struck. The Yuanjia calendar became the Jianyuan calendar. Wood ruled from mao to wei; the year opened in mao and closed with the wei sacrifice. Day dingwei: an edict said: "Bounty lists for captains and price tags for soldiers are expedients, not permanent law. Hard times made the practice common; men fled for years and crime hid in the hills. Branding no longer shamed them; outlaw life carried no stain. Hereafter, open recruiting is forbidden." Day renzi: thirty-one founding ministers, including the new grand minister Chu Yuan, were enfeoffed; rank and household quotas rose by merit. Day yimao: Murong Shibin of Henan sent tribute with a memorial. Day bingchen: great envoys were sent on circuit through the realm, twelve of them bearing the concurrent title of regular attendant of scattered cavalry. Jiao and Ning were too distant; no envoys went there. Day jiwei: the Prince of Runan died and was posthumously styled Emperor Shun of Song; his funeral followed Wei's Emperor Yuan and Jin's Emperor Gong. Day xinyou: Liu Xie, Duke of Yin'an, and his party were put to death. The elder brothers were honored after death: Daodu as Prince Yuan of Hengyang, Daosheng as Prince Zhen of Shian. Day bingyin: the imperial father was styled Emperor Xuan, the imperial mother Empress Xiao, the consort Empress Zhao.
9
六月辛未，詔「相國驃騎中軍三府職，可依資勞度二官，若職限已盈，所餘可賜滿。」 壬申，以遊擊將軍周山圖爲兖州刺史。 乙亥，詔曰：「宋末頻年戎寇，兼災疾凋損，或枯骸不收，毀櫬莫掩，宜速宣下埋藏營䘏。 若標題猶存，姓字可識，可卽運載，致還本鄉。」 有司奏遣外監典事四人，周行離門外三十五里爲限。 其餘班下州郡。 無棺器標題者，屬所以臺錢供市。 庚辰，七廟主備法駕卽于太廟。 詔「諸將及客，戮力艱難，盡勤直衛，其從還宮者，普賜位一階。」 辛巳，罷荊州刺史。 甲申，立皇太子賾。 斷諸州郡禮慶。 見刑入重者，降一等，幷申前赦恩百日。 立皇子嶷爲豫章王，映爲臨川王，晃爲長沙王，曅爲武陵王，暠爲安成王，鏘爲鄱陽王，鑠爲桂陽王，鑒爲廣陵王，皇孫長懋爲南郡王。 乙酉，葬宋順帝于遂寧陵。
Sixth month, day xinwei: "Offices of the chancellery, the general who spreads might, and the central army may each take two men by merit and tenure; any posts beyond quota may be paid at full rate." Day renshen: Zhou Shantu, mobile corps general, became inspector of Yan. Day yihai: "Song's last years saw war and pestilence. Bones lay in the open; broken coffins went uncovered. Let burial and mourning be ordered at once. Where tags survive and names can be read, the dead are to be carried home." The ministries sent four overseers from the outer bureau, each to work within thirty-five li of the outer gate. Other regions were handled by the provinces and commanderies. Where there was no coffin or name marker, local officials were to buy them with funds from the capital. Day gengchen: the seven temple tablets, with full imperial escort, entered the ancestral shrine. "Every officer and client who fought through the hard years and kept faithful guard—those who came home with me receive one step of rank." Day xinsi: the post of inspector of Jing was abolished. Day jiashen: the heir apparent Ze was formally named. Celebrations from the provinces were stopped. Convicts under heavy sentence were lowered one degree, and the earlier pardon was extended by a hundred days. Princes were named: Luan of Yuzhang, Ying of Linchuan, Huang of Changsha, Ye of Wuling, Gao of Ancheng, Qiang of Poyang, Shuo of Guiyang, Jian of Guangling; the imperial grandson Zhangmao became prince of Nan commandery. Day yiyou: Emperor Shun of Song was laid in Suining tomb.
10
秋七月丁未，詔曰：「交阯比景，獨隔書朔，斯乃前運方季，負海不朝，因迷遂往，歸款莫由。 曲赦交州部內李叔獻一人卽撫南士，文武詳才選用。 幷遣大使宣揚朝恩。」 以試守武平太守行交州府事李叔獻爲交州刺史。 丙辰，以虜偽茄蘆鎮主陰平公楊廣香爲沙州刺史。 丁巳，詔「南蘭陵桑梓本鄉，長蠲租布； 武進王業所基，復十年。」
Autumn, seventh month, day dingwei: an edict said: "Jiaozhi and Biying lie beyond our maps and calendars—remnants of a failing age, facing the sea yet never bowing; they wandered in error with no way home. Jiao province receives a special pardon for Li Shuxian alone, that he may settle the south; worthy civil and military men are to be chosen carefully. Great envoys will carry the throne's mercy abroad." Li Shuxian, acting administrator of Wuping and acting for Jiao province, became inspector of Jiao. Day bingchen: Yang Guangxiang of Yinping, lord of the barbarian fort Qielu, became inspector of Sha. Day dingsi: "Southern Lanling, the clan's home, is forever free of grain rent and cloth tax; Wujin, where the house first rose, is exempt for ten years."
11
九月辛丑，詔「二吳、義興三郡遭水，減今年田租。」 乙巳，以新除尚書令、驃騎將軍豫章王嶷爲荊、湘二州刺史，平西將軍臨川王映爲揚州刺史。 丙午，司空褚淵領尚書令。 戊申，車駕幸宣武堂宴會，詔諸王公以下賦詩。
Ninth month, day xinchou: "The two Wu districts and Yixing, all three struck by flood, pay reduced field tax this year." Day yisi: Luan, new director of the master of writing and general who spreads might, prince of Yuzhang, took Jing and Xiang; Ying, prince of Linchuan and general who pacifies the west, took Yang. Day bingwu: Chu Yuan, minister of works, also directed the master of writing. Day wushen: the emperor feasted at Xuanwu Hall and ordered every prince and noble down the line to write a poem.
12
十一月庚子，以太子左衛率蕭景先爲司州刺史。 辛亥，立皇太子妃裴氏。 甲申，封功臣驃騎長史江謐等十人爵戶各有差。
Eleventh month, day gengzi: Xiao Jingxian, left commandant of the heir's guard, became inspector of Si. Day xinhai: Lady Pei was installed as heir's consort. Day jiashen: ten meritorious ministers, including Jiang Mi, chief commandant under the general who spreads might, received fiefs and household quotas by merit.
13
二年春正月戊戌朔，大赦天下。 以司空、尚書令褚淵爲司徒，中軍將軍張敬兒爲車騎將軍，中領軍李安民爲領軍將軍，中護軍陳顯達爲護軍將軍。 辛丑，車駕親祠南郊。 癸卯，詔索虜寇淮、泗，遣衆軍北伐，內外纂嚴。
Year 2, spring, first month, new year's day: general amnesty for the realm. Chu Yuan, minister of works and director of the master of writing, became grand minister; Zhang Jing'er, central army commander, general of chariots and cavalry; Li Anmin, central army commander, director of the central army; Chen Xianda, director of the central guard, director of the guard. Day xinchou: the emperor offered sacrifice at the Southern Altar in person. Day guimao: an edict—northern raiders struck Huai and Si; armies marched north and the court and camps alike went on war footing.
14
二月丁卯，虜寇壽陽，豫州刺史垣崇祖破走之。 置巴州。 壬申，以三巴校尉明慧昭爲巴州刺史。 戊子，以寧蠻校尉蕭赤斧爲雍州刺史，南蠻長史崔惠景爲梁、南秦二州刺史。 辛卯，詔西境獻捷，解嚴。 癸巳，遣大使巡慰淮、肥。 徐、豫邊民尤貧遘難者，刺史二千石量加賑恤。 甲午，詔「江西北民避難流徙者，制遣還本，蠲今年租稅。 單貧及孤老不能自存者，卽聽番籍，郡縣押領。」
Second month, day dingmao: the northerners struck Shouyang; Yuan Chonggu, inspector of Yuzhou, broke them and put them to flight. The court established Ba province. On day renshen, Ming Huizhao, colonel of the Three Ba, was appointed inspector of Ba. On day wuzi, Xiao Chifu, colonel who pacifies the Man, took Yongzhou; Cui Huijing, chief clerk for the southern Man, took Liang and South Qin. On day xinmao an edict announced western victories and stood the realm down from martial alert. On day guisi the court dispatched grand envoys to tour and comfort the Huai and Fei regions. Inspectors and prefects along the Xu and Yu frontier were to measure out extra relief for those worst hit by poverty and war. On day jiawu an edict ran: "Refugees from north and west of the Yangtze are to be sent home under the standing rules, and this year's land tax is forgiven. The solitary poor, orphans, and aged who cannot live by themselves may be registered where they are; counties and commanderies shall take charge and see them settled."
15
三月丁酉，以侍中西昌侯鸞爲郢州刺史。 戊戌，以護軍將軍陳顯達爲南兖州刺史，吳郡太守張岱爲中護軍。 己亥，車駕幸樂游苑宴，王公以下賦詩。 辛丑，以征虜將軍崔祖思爲青、冀二州刺史。
Third month, day dingyou: Palace Attendant Luan, Marquis of Xichang, was made inspector of Ying. On day wuxu, Chen Xianda, protector of the army, took South Yanzhou; Zhang Dai, administrator of Wu, became central protector of the army. On day jihai the emperor feasted at the Pleasure Gardens and commanded every lord and officer present to offer a poem. On day xinchou, Cui Zusi, general who punishes the barbarians, was given Qing and Ji.
16
夏四月丙寅，進高麗王樂浪公高璉號驃騎大將軍。
Summer, fourth month, day bingyin: Gao Lian, king of Koguryo and marquis of Lelang, was promoted to general of agile cavalry.
17
五月，立六門都牆。
In the fifth month the six city gates were given new outer walls.
18
六月癸未，詔「昔歲水旱，曲赦丹陽、二吳、義興四郡遭水尤劇之縣，元年以前，三調未充，虛列已畢，官長局吏應共償備外，詳所除宥。」
Sixth month, day guiwei: an edict said that after years of flood and drought, Danyang, the two Wu, and Yixing—where the damage was worst—should receive a targeted pardon; unpaid triple levies before the first year of Jianyuan, though already written off on the registers, would not be chased from the clerks except as the edict spelled out.
19
秋七月甲寅，以輔國將軍盧紹之爲青、冀二州刺史。 戊午，皇太子妃裴氏薨。
Autumn, seventh month, day jiayin: Lu Shaozhi, assistant general, was made inspector of Qing and Ji. On day wuwu the crown prince's consort, Lady Pei, died.
20
閏月辛巳，遣領軍將軍李安民行淮、泗。 庚寅，索虜攻朐山，青、冀二州刺史盧紹之等破走之。
Intercalary month, day xinsi: Li Anmin, colonel director of the army, was sent to tour the Huai and Si. On day gengyin the northerners attacked Qushan; Lu Shaozhi of Qing and Ji broke them and drove them back.
21
冬十一月戊子，以氐楊後起爲秦州刺史。
Winter, eleventh month, day wuzi: Yang Houqi of the Di was made inspector of Qin.
22
十二月戊戌，以司空褚淵爲司徒。 乙巳，車駕幸中堂聽訟。 壬子，以驃騎大將軍豫章王嶷爲司空，揚州刺史、前將軍臨川王映爲荊州刺史。
Twelfth month, day wuxu: Chu Yuan moved from minister of works to minister over the masses. On day yisi the emperor heard cases in the Central Hall. On day renzi, Prince of Yuzhang Xiao Luan, general of agile cavalry, became minister of works; Prince of Linchuan Xiao Ying, forward general and inspector of Yangzhou, took Jing.
23
三年春正月壬戌朔，詔王公卿士薦讜言。 丙子，以平北將軍陳顯達爲益州刺史，貞陽公柳世隆爲南兖州刺史，皇子鋒爲江夏王。 領軍將軍李安民等破虜于淮陽。
Spring, third year, first month, day renxu, new moon: the court asked lords and ministers to submit candid counsel. On day bingzi, Chen Xianda, pacifying north, took Yi; Liu Shilong, duke of Zhenyang, took South Yanzhou; the prince Feng was enfeoffed as prince of Jiangxia. Li Anmin, colonel director of the army, and his colleagues routed the barbarians at Huaiyang.
24
夏四月，以寧朔將軍沈景德爲廣州刺史。
Summer, fourth month: Shen Jingde, pacifying the north, was made inspector of Guang.
25
六月壬子，大赦。 逋租宿債，除減有差。
Sixth month, day renzi: a general amnesty. Overdue rents and old debts were forgiven in graded amounts.
26
秋七月，以冠軍將軍垣榮祖爲徐州刺史。
Autumn, seventh month: Yuan Rongzu, champion general, took Xuzhou.
27
冬十月戊子，以河南王世子吐谷渾易度侯爲西秦、河二州刺史，河南王。
Winter, tenth month, day wuzi: Yidu Hou of the Tuyuhun, heir of the king of Henan, was made inspector of West Qin and He and confirmed as king of Henan.
28
四年春正月壬戌，詔曰：「夫膠庠之典，彝倫攸先，所以招振才端，啓發性緒，弘字黎氓，納之軌義，是故五禮之迹可傳，六樂之容不泯。 朕自膺曆受圖，志闡經訓，且有司羣僚，奏議咸集，蓋以戎車時警，文教未宣，思樂泮宮，永言多慨。 今關燧無虞，時和歲稔，遠邇同風，華夷慕義。 便可式遵前准，修建敩學，精選儒官，廣延國胄。」 以江州刺史王延之爲右光祿大夫。 癸亥，詔曰：「比歲申威西北，義勇爭先，殞氣寇場，命盡王事。 戰亡蠲復，雖有恆典，主者遵用，每傷簡薄。 建元以來戰亡，賞蠲租布二十年，雜役十年。 其不得收屍，主軍保押，亦同此例。」 以後將軍長沙王晃爲護軍將軍，中軍將軍南郡王長懋爲南徐州刺史，冠軍將軍安成王暠爲江州刺史。
Spring, fourth year, first month, day renxu: an edict declared that the academy is the first pillar of human order—the place to gather talent, wake inclination, settle the people, and set them on the path of ritual, so that the five rites may endure and the six joys not fade. Since taking the throne I have meant to revive the canon, and the ministries have piled up proposals—yet with armies always under arms, learning has gone unproclaimed, and I long for the schools with mounting regret. Now the frontier is still, the year is kind, and near and far, Han and barbarian, turn toward the court. Let the old model be followed: rebuild the imperial school, choose true scholars for its offices, and enroll the sons of the realm." Wang Yanzhi, inspector of Jiangzhou, was made senior master of the bright hall. On day guihai an edict said: "These last years in the northwest our soldiers strove to outdo one another; many fell in battle for the throne. The usual exemptions for the war dead exist, but officials have applied them grudgingly. All who have died in battle since Jianyuan shall have twenty years' remission of rent and cloth and ten years' remission of labor. Where no body could be brought home, the field commander shall stand guarantor under the same terms." Prince of Changsha Xiao Huang, rear general, became protector of the army; Prince of Nan Commandery Xiao Changmao, general of the center, took South Xuzhou; Prince of Ancheng Xiao Hao, champion general, took Jiang.
29
二月乙未，以冠軍將軍桓康爲青、冀二州刺史。 上不豫，庚戌，詔原京師囚繫有差，元年以前逋責皆原除。
Second month, day yiwei: Huan Kang, champion general, was given Qing and Ji. The emperor fell ill. On day gengxu an edict freed capital prisoners by degrees and wiped out all arrears before the first year of Jianyuan.
30
三月庚申，召司徒褚淵、左僕射王儉詔曰：「吾本布衣素族，念不到此，因藉時來，遂隆大業。 風道沾被，升平可期。 遘疾彌留，至于大漸。 公等奉太子如事吾，柔遠能邇，緝和內外，當令太子敦穆親戚，委任賢才，崇尚節儉，弘宣簡惠，則天下之理盡矣。 死生有命，夫復何言！」 壬戌，上崩于臨光殿，年五十六。
Third month, day gengshen: Chu Yuan, minister over the masses, and Wang Jian, left vice director of the master of writing, were called in. The edict said: "I began as a man of plain cloth and never dreamed of this height; the age lifted me, and so I came to the throne. The Way has begun to soak the realm; peace may yet be hoped for. Sickness holds me fast, and the great passing is near. Serve the crown prince as you have served me: be gentle to the far and firm with the near, knit court and country together. Let him cherish his kin, employ the worthy, love thrift, and show a simple kindness—and the realm will be well ordered. Life and death are Heaven's order—what more can I say!" On day renxu the emperor died in the Hall of Facing the Light, at fifty-six.
31
四月庚寅，上諡曰太祖高皇帝。 奉梓宮於東府前渚升龍舟。 丙午，窆武進泰安陵。
Fourth month, day gengyin: he was given the temple title Grand Progenitor, High Emperor. The coffin was carried to the dragon boat at the ford before the Eastern Palace. On day bingwu he was buried at Tai'an Mausoleum in Wujin.
32
上少沈深有大量，寬嚴清儉，喜怒無色。 博涉經史，善屬文，工草隸書，弈棊第二品。 雖經綸夷險，不廢素業。 從諫察謀，以威重得衆。 卽位後，身不御精細之物，敕中書舍人桓景真曰：「主衣中似有玉介導，此制始自大明末，後泰始尤增其麗。 留此置主衣，政是興長疾源，可卽時打碎。 凡復有可異物，皆宜隨例也。」 后宮器物欄檻以銅爲飾者，皆改用鐵，內殿施黃紗帳，宮人著紫皮履，華蓋除金花瓜，用鐵廻釘。 每曰：「使我治天下十年，當使黃金與土同價。」 欲以身率天下，移變風俗。
In youth he was deep and still, with a large soul: stern when needed, open-handed, pure and spare; neither joy nor anger showed on his face. He read widely in the classics and histories, wrote well, practiced clerical and cursive script, and at go held second rank. Even through the perils of founding the state, he kept to his plain habits. He heard remonstrance and weighed advice, and held the host by sober gravity. Once enthroned he would not touch fine things himself. He told Palace Attendant Huan Jingzhen: "The wardrobe still holds a jade sword-fitting—fashion began late in Daming and grew worse under Taishi. Leave it there and you nurse the court's sickness—break it now. Whatever else is extravagant should be treated the same." In the inner quarters copper fittings on rails and screens were switched to iron; yellow gauze curtains hung in the private halls; palace women wore purple leather shoes; golden melon ornaments were stripped from the imperial canopy and iron nails used instead. He would say, "Ten years on the throne and I would make gold worth no more than dirt." He meant to move the realm by example and change its habits.
33
上姓名骨體及期運曆數，竝遠應圖讖數十百條，歷代所未有，臣下撰錄，上抑而不宣，盛矣。
His name, his frame, and the calendar of his fortune matched omen and prophecy in scores of ways no earlier reign had seen; ministers wrote them down, but he forbade their publication—magnificent restraint.
34
史臣曰：孫卿有言：「聖人之有天下，受之也，非取之也。」 漢高神武駿聖，觀秦氏東游，蓋是雅多大言，非始自知天命； 光武聞少公之論讖，亦特一時之笑語； 魏武初起義兵，所期「征西」之墓； 晉宣不內迫曹爽，豈有定霸浮橋？ 宋氏崛起匹夫，兵由義立：咸皆一世推雄，卒開鼎祚。 宋氏正位八君，卜年五紀，四絕長嫡，三稱中興，內難邊虞，兵革世動。 太祖基命之初，武功潛用，泰始開運，大拯時艱，龍德在田，見猜雲雨之迹。 及蒼梧暴虐，釁結朝野，百姓懍懍，命懸朝夕。 權道旣行，兼濟天下。 元功振主，利器難以假人，羣才戮力，實懷尺寸之望。 豈其天厭水行，固已人希木德。 歸功與能，事極乎此。 雖至公于四海，而運卽時來； 無心於黃屋，而道隨物變。 應而不爲，此皇齊所以集大命也。
The court historian writes: Xunzi said that when a sage holds the realm, he receives it—he does not take it by force. Han Gaozu was fierce and far-seeing; when he saw the First Emperor of Qin parade east, it was mostly swaggering talk—he did not yet know his mandate for himself; Guangwu, hearing Shaogong's prophecy, likewise laughed it off at first; Cao Cao, when he first took up arms, aimed no higher than the grave that read "Campaign West"; Sima Yi would never have seized power at the Floating Bridge had Cao Shuang not driven him to it. The Liu Song rose from the ranks; their armies were born of righteous cause: each age made its champion, and each at last won the throne. Song emperors reigned through eight rulers and five generations of omens; four times the main line failed, three times they hailed a "restoration"; at home rebellion, on the border raids, war without rest. When the Grand Progenitor first took the mandate, he kept his sword sheathed; in the Taishi years he dragged the age back from ruin; "dragon virtue in the fields"—yet already men read storm in his sky. When Emperor Cangwu turned cruel, wrath filled court and field; common folk trembled, their lives measured from dawn to dusk. When the time for hard measures came, he steadied the realm as well as his own house. His merit outshone the throne; power is not lent lightly; the great men strained together, yet each nursed only a handbreadth of hope. Had not Heaven wearied of Song's "water" mandate, and men already hungered for Qi's "wood"? To give the merit to the man who could bear it and let the moment finish its course—that was the limit. Though he was just to the four seas, the hour itself pressed forward; he had no lust for the throne, yet the Way moved when things moved. He answered and did not grasp—and so Great Qi received the mandate.
35
贊曰：於皇太祖，有命自天，同度宇宙，合量山淵。 宋德不紹，神器虛傳。 寧亂以武，黜暴資賢。 庸發西疆，功興北翰，偏師獨克，孤旅霆斷。 援旆東夏，職司靜亂； 指斧徐方，時惟伐叛； 抗威京輦，坐清江漢。 文藝在躬，芳塵淵塞。 用下以才，鎮民以德。 端己雄睟，君臨尊默。 苞括四海，大造家國。 [1]
In praise: O august Grand Progenitor, Heaven-sent; vast as heaven and earth, deep as mountain and gorge. Song's virtue failed; the sacred vessel passed empty-handed. He stilled chaos with arms, cast down the cruel, and leaned on the worthy. He stirred the west and built glory on the northern wall; one wing won alone; a single army struck like lightning. He raised his standard in the eastern lands and by his post quelled revolt; he turned his axe to Xu and the east—the hour to punish rebels; he showed force at the capital and, seated in silence, cleared the Yangtze and Han. Learning lived in his person; his fame filled even the far marches. He used men for ability and ruled the folk by virtue. He straightened himself with a hero's eye and governed the realm in honored stillness. He held the four seas and remade house and state. [1] Endnote marker.
36
全文以中華書局、一九七二年一月版《南齊書》爲本校。
The entire text has been collated against the Zhonghua shuju edition of the 《Book of Southern Qi》, January 1972.