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列傳第六
Biographies 6
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王鎮惡朱齡石毛修之傅弘之朱修之王玄謨
Wang Zhen'e, Zhu Lingshi, Mao Xiuzhi, Fu Hongzhi, Zhu Xiuzhi, and Wang Xuanmo
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王镇恶，北海剧人也。 祖猛，仕苻坚，任兼将相。 父休，为河东太守。 镇恶以五月生，家人以俗忌，欲令出继疏宗。 猛曰："此非常儿。 昔孟尝君恶月生而相齐，是儿亦将兴吾门矣。 "故名为镇恶。 年十三而苻氏败，寓食渑池人李方家。 方善遇之，谓方曰："若遭英雄主，要取万户侯，当厚相报。 "方曰："君丞相孙，人材如此，何患不富贵，至时愿见用为本县令足矣。 "後隨叔父曜歸晉，客荊州，頗讀諸子兵書，喜論軍國大事，騎射非長，而從橫善果斷。 宋武帝伐廣固，鎮惡時為天門郡臨澧令。 人或薦之武帝，召與語，異焉，因留宿。 旦謂諸佐曰：「鎮惡王猛孫，所謂將門有將。」 即以署前部賊曹。 拒盧循有功，封博陸縣五等子。
Wang Zhen'e came from Ju in Beihai commandery. His grandfather Meng had served Fu Jian of Former Qin, rising to joint command of armies and state. His father Xiu served as Administrator of Hedong. Born in the fifth month—a month of ill omen—his family wanted to give him away to a collateral line. Meng said, "This is no ordinary boy. Lord Mengchang of old was born under an unlucky sign yet rose to rule Qi; this child will do the same for us." So they named him Zhen'e—"subduer of evil." At thirteen, when the Fu regime collapsed, he found shelter with Li Fang of Mianchi. Fang treated him kindly. Zhen'e said to him, "Should I find a great patron and win a ten-thousand-household fief, I will reward you handsomely." Fang replied, "You are a prime minister's grandson, with gifts like these—why worry about rank? When the time comes, let me be magistrate here and I will be satisfied." Later he followed his uncle Yao into Jin service and lived in Jing Province. He studied the military classics and loved to debate strategy and statecraft. Riding and shooting were not his strengths, but he was bold and resolute. During the Song campaign against Guanggu, Zhen'e held the post of magistrate of Linli in Tianmen commandery. Someone brought him to the Emperor's attention. Summoned for an audience, he so impressed the ruler that he was asked to stay the night. At dawn the Emperor told his staff, "Zhen'e is Wang Meng's grandson. As they say, a general's house breeds generals." He immediately made him chief of the vanguard bandit-suppression bureau. For defeating Lu Xun he was rewarded with a fifth-rank viscounty at Bolu.
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武帝謀討劉毅，鎮惡曰：「公若有事西楚，請給百舸為前驅。」 及西討，轉鎮惡參軍事，使率龍驤將軍蒯恩百舸前發。 鎮惡受命，便晝夜兼行，揚聲劉兗州上。 毅謂為信，不知見襲。
Planning the campaign against Liu Yi, Zhen'e offered, "If you move against the west, give me a hundred ships to lead the way. On the western expedition he became a staff adjutant and was sent ahead with Kuai En's hundred dragon-valor warships. Taking command, he forced the march day and night while letting it be known he was sailing for Liu Yi's province. Yi took the report at face value and never suspected an attack.
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鎮惡去江陵城二十里，舍船步上，蒯恩軍在前，鎮惡次之，舸留一二人，對舸岸上豎旗安鼓。 語所留人曰：「計我將至城，便長嚴，令如後有大軍狀。 又分隊在後，令燒江津船。 鎮惡徑前襲城，津戍及百姓皆言劉藩實上，晏然不疑。 將至城，逢毅要將朱顯之馳前問藩所在，軍人答云：「在後」。 及至軍後不見藩，又望見江津船艦被燒而鼓聲甚盛，知非藩上，便躍馬告毅，令閉城門。 鎮惡亦馳進得入城，便因風放火，燒大城南門及東門。 又遣人以詔及赦文並武帝手書凡三函示毅，毅皆燒不視。 金城內亦未信帝自來。 及短兵接戰，鎮惡軍人與毅下將或是父兄子弟中表親親，且鬥且語，知武帝在後，人情離懈。
Twenty li from Jiangling he beached the fleet and marched ashore—Kuai En in front, Zhen'e behind—leaving one or two men per boat to raise flags and beat drums on the opposite bank. He instructed the rear guard, "When I near the walls, beat the long roll and make it look as though a host is coming behind me. He also sent parties to the rear with orders to burn the boats at the river crossing. Zhen'e struck directly for the city. Ferry guards and townsfolk alike assumed Liu Fan was truly coming and never grew alarmed. Near the walls he met Yi's officer Zhu Xianzhi, who rode up demanding Liu Fan's whereabouts; the men answered, "In the rear." Reaching the rear and finding no Fan, he saw the crossing ablaze and drums roaring—clearly not Liu Fan. He spurred his horse to warn Yi to shut the gates. Zhen'e galloped in after him, then turned the wind to flame and burned the south and east gates of the inner city. He also had three packets delivered—an edict, an amnesty, and the Emperor's own letter. Yi burned every one without reading them. Even inside the Golden City they still refused to believe the Emperor had come himself. In the close fighting, many of Zhen'e's men faced Yi's troops who were fathers, sons, brothers, or cousins. As they traded blows they talked—and once they knew the Emperor was behind Zhen'e, Yi's ranks lost heart.
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初，毅常所乘馬在城外不得入，倉卒無馬，使就子肅取馬，肅不與。 朱顯之謂曰：「人取汝父而惜馬，汝走欲何之？」 奪馬以授毅，從大城東門出奔牛牧佛寺自縊。 鎮惡身被五箭，手所執矟於手中破折。 江陵平後二十日，大軍方至，以功封漢壽縣子。 及武帝北伐，為鎮西諮議，行龍驤將軍，領前鋒。 將發，前將軍劉穆之謂曰：「昔晉文王委蜀于鄧艾，今亦委卿以關中，卿其勉之。」 鎮惡曰：「吾等因托風雲，並蒙抽擢，今咸陽不克，誓不濟江。 三秦若定，而公九錫不至，亦卿之責矣。」
Yi's own horse was trapped outside the walls. With no mount at hand he sent to his son Su for a horse; Su would not give one. Zhu Xianzhi snapped at Su, "They are seizing your father and you hoard a horse—where do you expect to flee? He wrested the horse away and gave it to Yi, who rode out the east gate to Niufu Temple and hanged himself. Zhen'e took five arrow wounds himself, and the spear in his grip shattered mid-fight. The main army arrived twenty days after Jiangling fell. For this victory he received the viscounty of Hanshou. On the northern expedition he served as Pacifying West adviser, acting Dragon Valor general, and vanguard commander. Before the march Liu Muzhi told him, "Prince Wen of Jin once entrusted Shu to Deng Ai; today I entrust Guanzhong to you. Do not fail me. Zhen'e replied, "We have all risen on the same tide. If we do not take Xianyang, I will not recross the river alive. And if the Three Qin are pacified yet the nine bestowals never come—that will be your burden as well."
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鎮惡入賊境，戰無不捷，破虎牢及柏穀塢。 進次澠池，造故人李方家，升堂見母，厚加酬賚，即授方澠池令。 方軌徑據潼關，將士乏食，乃親到弘農督人租。 百姓競送義粟，軍食復振。
Once inside enemy lands he did not lose a battle, capturing Hulao and Baigu Stockade. At Mianchi he visited his old host Li Fang, bowed to Fang's mother, lavished gifts upon them, and appointed Fang magistrate on the spot. His column seized Tong Pass, but supplies ran short; he went in person to Hongnong to drive the grain levy. Commoners vied to bring voluntary grain, and the army's stores filled again.
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初，武帝與鎮惡等期，若克洛陽，須待大軍，未可輕前。 既而鎮惡等至潼關，為偽大將軍姚紹所拒不得進，馳告武帝求糧援。 時帝軍入河，魏軍屯河岸，軍不得進。 帝呼所遣人開舫北戶指河上軍示之曰：「我語令勿進而深入，岸上如此，何由得遣軍。」 鎮惡既得義租，紹又病死，偽撫軍將軍姚贊代紹守嶮，眾力猶盛。 武帝至湖城，贊引退。
The Emperor had agreed beforehand that if Luoyang fell they must wait for the main army and not press forward rashly. At Tong Pass they were stopped by Yao Shao and could not break through. Zhen'e sent riders to the Emperor begging food and reinforcements. By then the Emperor had entered the Yellow River, but Wei forces held the north bank and blocked all movement. The Emperor opened the north hatch of his boat, pointed at the army on the riverbank, and said, "I ordered you not to go deep—look at the north shore. How am I to send help? Zhen'e secured the voluntary grain just as Shao died. Yao Zan replaced him on the passes, and enemy strength remained formidable. When the Emperor reached Hucheng, Zan pulled back.
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大軍次潼關，謀進取計，鎮惡請率水軍自河入渭，直至渭橋。 鎮惡所乘皆蒙沖小艦，行船者悉在艦內，泝渭而進，艦外不見有行船人。 北土素無舟烜，莫不驚以為神。 鎮惡既至，令將士食畢，便棄船登岸。 渭水流急，諸艦悉逐流去，鎮惡撫慰士卒曰：「此是長安城北門外，去家萬里，而舫乘衣糧並已逐流，唯宜死戰，可立大功。」 乃身先士卒，即陷長安城。 城內六萬餘戶，鎮惡撫慰初附，號令嚴肅。 于灞上奉迎，武帝勞之曰：「成吾霸業者真卿也。」 謝曰：「此明公之威，諸將之力。」 帝笑曰：「卿欲學馮異邪。」
At Tong Pass the high command debated next steps. Zhen'e proposed leading the fleet up the Wei River straight to Wei Bridge. His fleet was all covered assault boats with rowers hidden inside the hull. They ascended the Wei, and from the bank no oarsmen could be seen. Boats were unknown in the north; everyone was stunned and called it sorcery. On arrival he let the men eat their fill, then ordered them to abandon the boats and land. The Wei ran fast and every boat was swept away. He rallied the men: "We stand outside Chang'an's north gate, ten thousand li from home. Boats, clothes, grain—all gone. Only a fight to the death will win glory. He charged at the head of the column and took Chang'an in one assault. The city held more than sixty thousand households. Zhen'e pacified the newly surrendered with strict but fair discipline. At Bashang he welcomed the Emperor, who told him, "You have made my empire real. He demurred: "This is your majesty's authority and the generals' labor." The Emperor laughed. "Trying to play Feng Yi, are you?"
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時關中豐全，鎮惡性貪，收斂子女玉帛不可勝計，帝以其功大不問。 時有白帝言鎮惡藏姚泓偽輦，有異志，帝使覘之，知鎮惡剔取飾輦金銀，棄輦於垣側，帝乃安。
Guanzhong was flush with wealth, and Zhen'e's greed knew no bounds—women, jade, silk piled beyond reckoning. The Emperor let it pass because of his service. Someone accused him of hoarding Yao Hong's imperial carriage as proof of rebellion. Spies found he had stripped its gold and silver and dumped the frame by a wall. The Emperor's suspicions eased.
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帝留第二子桂陽公義真為安西將軍、雍秦二州刺史，鎮長安。 鎮惡以征虜將軍領安西司馬、馮翊太守，委以扞禦之任。
The Emperor left his second son, Duke of Guiyang Yizhen, as Pacifying West general and governor of Yong and Qin, garrisoned at Chang'an. Zhen'e served as Subduing Barbarians general, Pacifying West staff major, and Fengyi administrator, charged with the frontier defense.
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及大軍東還，赫連勃勃逼北地，義真遣中兵參軍沈田子拒之。 虜甚盛，田子退屯劉因堡，遣使還報鎮惡。 鎮惡對田子使謂安西長史王修曰：「公以十歲兒付吾等，當共思竭力，今擁兵不進，賊何由得平？」 使反言之，田子甚懼。
As the main army marched east, Helian Bobo pressed Beidi. Yizhen sent staff officer Shen Tianzi to hold him off. The enemy force was overwhelming. Tianzi fell back to Liuyin Fort and sent a messenger to Zhen'e. Zhen'e answered through chief clerk Wang Xiu: "They left a ten-year-old in our care. We must all give everything. You sit on your troops and refuse to advance—how will the enemy ever be beaten? He sent the message back through Tianzi's courier. Tianzi was terrified.
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王猛之相苻堅也，北人以方諸葛亮。 入關之功，又鎮惡為首，時論者深憚之。 田子嶢柳之捷，威震三輔，而與鎮惡爭功。 武帝將歸，留田子與鎮惡，私謂田子曰：「鍾會不得遂其亂者，為有衛瓘等也。 語曰：'猛獸不如群狐。 '卿等十餘人何懼王鎮惡。」 故二人常有猜心。 時鎮惡師於涇上，與田子俱會傅弘之壘，田子求屏人，因斬之幕下，並兄基弟鴻、遵、深從弟昭、朗、弘，凡七人。 弘之奔告義真，義真率王智、王修被甲登橫門以察其變。 俄而田子至，言鎮惡反。 修執田子，以專戮斬焉。 是歲，義熙十四年正月十五日也。 追贈左將軍、青州刺史。 及帝受命，追封龍陽縣侯，諡曰壯。 傳國至曾孫叡，齊受禪，國除。
When Wang Meng served Fu Jian, northerners had likened him to Zhuge Liang. Zhen'e had led the conquest of the passes, and contemporaries feared his stature. Tianzi's victory at Yaoliu had made him a hero of the Three Auxiliaries, yet he quarreled with Zhen'e over credit. Before returning east the Emperor left Tianzi with Zhen'e and told him privately, "Zhong Hui's plot failed because Wei Guan and others checked him. As the proverb says, 'One tiger is no match for a den of foxes. What need have you dozen men to fear Wang Zhen'e? From then on the two men watched each other with suspicion. Zhen'e was camped on the Jing when he met Tianzi at Fu Hongzhi's fort. Tianzi asked for a private word and cut him down in the tent—along with his brothers Ji, Hong, Zun, and Shen, his cousins Zhao and Lang, and Hong. Seven men in all. Hongzhi fled to warn Yizhen, who armored Wang Zhi and Wang Xiu and climbed Heng Gate to see what had happened. Tianzi arrived moments later and claimed Zhen'e had rebelled. Wang Xiu seized Tianzi and executed him for killing without authority. This was the fifteenth day of the first month, Yixi year 14. He was posthumously made Left General and Governor of Qing. When the dynasty was founded he was posthumously enfeoffed as Marquis of Longyang with the posthumous name Zhuang. The title passed to his great-grandson Rui until Qi took the throne and abolished the fief.
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朱齡石字伯兒，沛郡沛人也。 世為將，伯父憲及斌並為西中郎袁真將佐。 桓溫伐真于壽陽，真以憲兄弟潛通溫，並殺之，齡石父綽逃歸溫。 壽陽平，真已死，綽輒發棺戮屍。 溫怒將斬之，溫弟沖請得免。 綽受沖更生之恩，事沖如父。 位西陽、廣平太守。 及沖薨，綽歐血而死。
Zhu Lingshi, styled Bo'er, came from Pei in Pei commandery. His family had produced generals for generations. His uncles Xian and Bin both served Yuan Zhen, Western Central Commander. When Huan Wen besieged Zhen at Shouyang, Zhen discovered the Xian brothers were in secret contact with Wen and had them killed. Lingshi's father Chuo fled to Wen. After Shouyang fell and Zhen was dead, Chuo opened the coffin and mutilated the corpse. Wen was furious and meant to kill him, but Wen's brother Chong interceded and saved his life. Chuo owed Chong his life and served him as he would a father. He rose to administer Xiyang and Guangping. When Chong died, Chuo vomited blood and followed him.
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齡石少好武，不事崖檢。 舅淮南蔣氏才劣，齡石使舅臥聽事，翦紙方寸帖著舅枕，以刀子縣擲之，相去八九尺，百擲百中。 舅畏齡石，終不敢動。 舅頭有大瘤，齡石伺眠密割之即死。 武帝克京城，以為建武參軍。 從至江乘將戰，齡石言世受桓氏恩，不容以兵刃相向，乞在軍後。 帝義而許之。 以為鎮軍參軍，遷武康令。 縣人姚系祖專為劫，郡縣畏不能討，齡石至縣，偽與厚，召為參軍。 系祖恃強，乃出應召。 齡石斬之，掩其家，悉殺其兄弟，由是一部得清。 後領中兵。 齡石有武幹，又練吏職，帝甚親委之。 平盧循有功，為西陽太守。
Young Lingshi loved fighting and cared little for decorum. His Huainan uncle Jiang was a mediocrity. Lingshi made him lie in the hall, stuck a square of paper on his pillow, and from eight or nine feet away threw a knife suspended on a string—a hundred throws, a hundred hits. The uncle was so terrified he never dared stir. The uncle had a large wen on his head. Lingshi waited until he slept, cut it off in secret, and killed him. When the Emperor captured the capital, Lingshi was appointed adjutant on the Jianwu staff. At Jiangcheng, on the eve of battle, he said his family owed the Huans a debt of gratitude and he could not cross blades with them. He asked to stay in the rear. The Emperor, moved by his loyalty, agreed. He was made Pacifying Army adjutant, then magistrate of Wukang. A local bandit, Yao Jizu, had terrorized the district until no magistrate dared move against him. Lingshi feigned friendship and summoned him as a staff officer. Confident in his power, Jizu walked into the trap. Lingshi cut off his head, stormed his house, and killed every brother in the clan. The whole region was pacified at a stroke. He later commanded the central corps. Lingshi combined battlefield skill with administrative competence, and the Emperor relied on him deeply. For defeating Lu Xun he was made Administrator of Xiyang.
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義熙九年，徙益州刺史，為元帥伐蜀。 初，帝與齡石密謀進取，曰：「劉敬宣往年出黃武，無功而退。 賊謂我今應從外水往，而料我當出其不意猶從內水來也，必重兵守涪城以備內道。 若向黃武，正墮其計。 今以大眾自外水取成都，疑兵出內水，此制敵之奇也。」 而慮此聲先馳，賊審虛實，別有函封付齡石，署曰至白帝乃開。 諸軍雖進，未知處分，至白帝發書，曰：「眾軍悉從外水取成都； 臧熹、朱枚于中水取廣漢； 使羸弱乘高艦十餘，由內水向黃武。」 譙縱果備內水，使其大將譙道福戍涪城，遣其秦州刺史侯暉、僕射譙詵等屯彭模，夾水為城。 十年六月，齡石至彭模。 七月，齡石率劉鍾、蒯恩等於北城斬侯暉、譙詵。 朱枚至廣漢，復破譙道福別軍。 譙縱奔涪城，巴西人王志斬送之，並獲道福，斬於軍門。
In Yixi year 9 he was transferred to Governor of Yizhou and given supreme command of the Shu expedition. The Emperor and Lingshi plotted in secret. "Liu Jingxuan once marched by Huangwu and came back empty-handed, The enemy will expect us on the outer route but fear a surprise strike on the inner water. They will mass troops at Fucheng to block the inner path. March on Huangwu and we walk straight into their trap. Send the main army up the outer water to Chengdu while a feint probes the inner route—that is how we turn their expectations against them. Fearing the plan would leak, he sealed a second packet for Lingshi, marked to be opened only at Baidi. The columns marched blind until Baidi, where the letter read: "All forces take Chengdu by the outer water; Zang Xi and Zhu Mei take Guanghan by the middle route; send a weak detachment in a dozen high-sided ships up the inner water toward Huangwu. Qiao Zong did exactly that—garrisoned Fucheng under Daofu, and posted Hou Hui and Qiao Shen at Pengmo with fortified camps on both banks. In the sixth month of year 10 Lingshi reached Pengmo. In the seventh month he stormed the north wall with Liu Zhong and Kuai En and beheaded Hou Hui and Qiao Shen. Zhu Mei took Guanghan and routed Daofu's detached force. Zong fled to Fucheng; Wang Zhi of Baxi cut off his head and sent it in. Daofu was captured and executed at the gate.
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帝之伐蜀，將謀元帥，乃舉齡石。 眾咸謂齡石資名尚輕，慮不克辦，論者甚眾，帝不從。 乃分大軍之半，令猛將勁卒悉以配之。 臧熹，敬皇后弟也，亦命受其節度。 及戰克捷，眾咸服帝知人，又美齡石善於事。 以平蜀功，封豐城侯。
Choosing a commander for Shu, the Emperor nominated Lingshi. Critics said he was too young and unknown to succeed. The Emperor ignored them. He gave him half the army and every crack unit in the camp. Even Zang Xi, the Empress Jing's brother, was placed under his command. Victory won universal praise—for the Emperor's eye for talent and Lingshi's command of the campaign. For conquering Shu he was enfeoffed as Marquis of Fengcheng.
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十四年，桂陽公義真被征，以齡石為雍州刺史，督關中諸軍事。 齡石至長安，義真乃發。 義真敗於青泥，齡石亦舉城奔走見殺。 傳國至孫，齊受禪，國除。
In year 14, when Duke of Guiyang Yizhen was recalled, Lingshi became Governor of Yong with command over all Guanzhong forces. Lingshi reached Chang'an just as Yizhen departed. Yizhen was crushed at Qingni. Lingshi abandoned the city in flight and was killed. The title passed to his grandson until Qi abolished the fief.
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齡石弟超石，亦果銳。 雖出自將家，兄弟並閑尺牘。 桓謙為衛將軍，以補行參軍。 後為武帝徐州主簿，收迎桓謙身首，躬營殯葬。
His younger brother Chaoshi was equally fierce. Soldiers' sons though they were, both brothers were literate men. When Huan Qian became General of the Guard, Chaoshi joined his staff. Later, as the Emperor's Xuzhou chief clerk, he recovered Huan Qian's body and saw to the burial himself.
20
義熙十二年北伐，超石為前鋒入河。 時軍人緣河南岸牽百丈。 有漂度北岸者，輒為魏軍所殺略。 帝遣白直隊主丁旿率七百人及車百乘于河北岸為卻月陣，兩頭抱河，車置七仗士。 事畢，使豎一長白毦。 魏軍不解其意，並未動。 帝先命超石戒嚴二千人，白毦既舉，超石赴之，並齎大弩百張，一車益二十人，設彭排於轅上。 魏軍見營陣立，乃進圍營。 超石先以弱弓小箭射之，魏軍四面俱至。 魏明元皇帝又遣南平公長孫嵩三萬騎肉薄攻營，於是百弩俱發。 魏軍既多，弩不能制，超石初行，別齎大槌並千餘張矟，乃斷矟三四尺以槌槌之，一矟輒洞貫三四人。 魏軍不能當，遂潰。 大軍進克蒲阪，以超石為河東太守。
On the Yixi 12 northern campaign Chaoshi led the vanguard into the Yellow River. Men on the south bank were hauling hundred-fathom towlines. Anyone swept to the north bank was killed or captured by Wei. The Emperor sent Ding Yu with seven hundred men and a hundred chariots to the north bank in a crescent formation—each chariot holding seven fighters, both wings hugging the river. When the formation was set, a long white yak-tail pennant went up. The Wei army did not understand the signal and held still. The Emperor had already put two thousand men on alert under Chaoshi. At the pennant Chaoshi charged in with a hundred heavy crossbows; each chariot took twenty extra men with pengpai shields mounted on the shafts. Seeing the camp formed, the Wei army closed in to surround it. Chaoshi opened with light bows and small arrows. The Wei closed from every side. Emperor Mingyuan sent Changsun Song, Duke of Nanping, with thirty thousand cavalry in a tight charge. A hundred crossbows loosed at once. The enemy was too many for crossbows alone. Chaoshi had brought great mauls and a thousand spears; he snapped spears to three or four feet and drove them with mauls—each shaft skewered three or four men. The Wei line broke and fled. The main army took Puban. Chaoshi was made Administrator of Hedong.
21
後除中書侍郎，封興平縣五等侯。 關中亂，帝遣超石慰勞河洛，與齡石俱沒赫連勃勃，見殺。
He was later made Palace Secretariat Gentleman and enfeoffed as fifth-rank Marquis of Xingping. When Guanzhong collapsed the Emperor sent Chaoshi to steady the He-Luo region. He and Lingshi both fell to Helian Bobo and were killed.
22
毛修之字敬文，滎陽陽武人也。 祖武生、伯父璩並益州刺史。 父瑾，梁、秦二州刺史。
Mao Xiuzhi, styled Jingwen, came from Yangwu in Xingyang. His grandfather Wusheng and uncle Qu had both governed Yizhou. His father Jin had governed Liang and Qin.
23
修之仕桓玄為屯騎校尉，隨玄西奔。 玄欲奔漢川，修之誘令入蜀。 馮遷斬玄於枚洄洲，修之力也。 宋武帝以為鎮軍諮議，遷右衛將軍。 既有斬玄之謀，又父伯並在蜀，帝欲引為外助，故頻加榮爵。
Xiuzhi served Huan Xuan as Colonel of Resolute Cavalry and fled west with him. Xuan meant to flee to Hanzhong; Xiuzhi steered him into Shu instead. Feng Qian killed Xuan at Meihui Isle—Xiuzhi's work. Emperor Wu made him Pacifying Army adviser, then General of the Right Guard. He had plotted Xuan's death, and his father and uncles still lived in Shu. The Emperor courted him as an outside ally and heaped honors on him.
24
及父瑾為譙縱所殺，帝表修之為龍驤將軍，配兵遣奔赴。 時益州刺史鮑陋不肯進討，修之言狀，帝乃令冠軍將軍劉敬宣伐蜀，無功而退。 譙縱由此送修之父伯及中表喪柩口累並得還。 後劉毅西鎮江陵，以為衛軍司馬、南郡太守。 修之雖為毅將佐，而深結於帝，及毅敗見宥。 時遣朱齡石伐蜀，修之固求行。 帝慮修之至蜀多所誅殺，且土人既與毛氏有嫌，亦當以死自固。 不許。
When Qiao Zong killed his father Jin, the Emperor made Xiuzhi Dragon Valor general, gave him troops, and sent him west at once. Governor Bao Lou refused to march. Xiuzhi reported it, and the Emperor sent Liu Jingxuan against Shu—but Jingxuan came back empty-handed. Through this Qiao Zong returned Xiuzhi's father, uncles, and the coffins of his kin. Later Liu Yi garrisoned Jiangling and made Xiuzhi Guard Army staff major and Administrator of Nan. Though he served Liu Yi, he was secretly loyal to the Emperor and was spared when Yi fell. When Zhu Lingshi marched on Shu, Xiuzhi begged to go along. The Emperor feared Xiuzhi would slaughter his way through Shu, and that locals who hated the Maos would fight to the death against him. He refused.
25
修之不信鬼神，所至必焚房廟。 時蔣山廟中有好牛馬，並奪取之。 累遷相國右司馬，行司州事。 戍洛陽，修立城壘。 武帝至，履行善之，賜衣服玩好，當時評直二千萬。
Xiuzhi scorned gods and burned every temple he passed. He stripped Jiangshan Temple of its best cattle and horses. He rose to Right Major on the chancellor's staff, acting Governor of Si. Garrisoning Luoyang, he rebuilt walls and fortifications. The Emperor inspected his work, approved it, and gave gifts worth twenty million by current reckoning.
26
王鎮惡死，修之代為安西司馬。 桂陽公義真敗，為赫連勃勃所禽。 及赫連昌滅，入魏。 修之在洛，敬事嵩高道士寇謙之。 謙之為魏太武帝信敬，營護之，故不死。 修之嘗為羊羹薦魏尚書，尚書以為絕味，獻之太武，大悅，以為太官令，被寵，遂為尚書、光祿大夫，封南郡公，太官令、尚書如故。
After Wang Zhen'e's death Xiuzhi replaced him as Pacifying West staff major. When Duke of Guiyang Yizhen was defeated, Helian Bobo took him captive. When Helian Chang fell, Xiuzhi passed into Wei. At Luoyang Xiuzhi became a devotee of the Daoist Kou Qianzhi of Songgao. Qianzhi enjoyed Taiwu's trust and shielded him, so he survived. He once served mutton soup to a Wei minister who found it exquisite and sent it to Taiwu. Delighted, the emperor made him Director of the Imperial Kitchen, then Minister, Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, and Marquis of Nan—keeping both kitchen and ministerial posts.
27
後朱修之俘于魏亦見寵，修之問朱修之，南國當權者為誰，答云殷景仁。 修之笑曰：「吾昔在南，殷尚幼少，我歸罪之日，便當巾韝到門。」 經年不忍問家消息，久之乃訪焉。 修之具答，並云：「賢子元矯甚能自處。」 修之悲不得言，直視良久，乃長歎曰：「嗚呼！」 自此一不復及。
Later Zhu Xiuzhi, also a Wei captive, rose in favor. Mao Xiuzhi asked who held power in the south. Zhu Xiuzhi answered: Yin Jingren. Mao Xiuzhi laughed. "When I left the south Yin was a boy. The day I crawl home in shame I'll show up at his gate with bridle in hand. For years he could not bring himself to ask after his family. Only much later did he inquire. Zhu Xiuzhi told him everything and added, "Your worthy son Yuanjiao is managing well. Mao Xiuzhi could not speak for grief. He stared a long while, then sighed, "Ah!" He never raised the subject again.
28
初，北人去來言修之勸魏侵邊，並教以在南禮制，文帝甚疑責之。 朱修之後得還，具相申理，上意乃釋。 修之在魏多妻妾，男女甚眾，身遂死于魏。
At first travelers from the north claimed Xiuzhi had urged Wei to raid the frontier and taught them southern court ritual. Emperor Wen suspected him deeply. When Zhu Xiuzhi returned south he cleared the matter fully, and the emperor's suspicions lifted. Xiuzhi took many wives in Wei, fathered many children, and died there.
29
孫惠素，仕齊為少府卿。 性至孝，母服除後，更修母所住處床帳屏帷，每月朔十五向帷悲泣，傍人為之感傷，終身如此。
His grandson Huisu served Qi as Director of the Palace Parks. Huisu was profoundly filial. After his mourning ended he kept his mother's bed and curtains as she had left them, and on the first and fifteenth of every month he wept before them until onlookers wept too—for the rest of his life.
30
惠素吏才強濟，而臨事清刻，敕市銅官碧青一千二百斤供禦畫，用錢六十五萬。 有讒惠素納利，武帝怒，敕尚書評價，貴二十八萬餘，有司奏，伏誅。 死後家徒四壁，武帝后知無罪，甚悔恨之。
Huisu was a capable administrator but harsh in office. Ordered to buy twelve hundred jin of malachite for court painting, he spent six hundred fifty thousand cash. A slanderer accused him of profiteering. Emperor Wu ordered a price review that found an excess of two hundred eighty thousand. He was executed on memorial. He died leaving only bare walls. The empress later learned he was innocent and was deeply remorseful.
31
傅弘之字仲度，北地泥陽人也。 傅氏舊屬靈州，漢末失土，寄馮翊，置泥陽、富平二縣，廢靈州，故傅氏悉屬泥陽。 晉武帝太康三年復立靈州縣，傅氏還屬靈州。 弘之高祖祗，晉司徒，後封靈州公。 不欲封本縣，故祗一門還屬泥陽。 曾祖暢，秘書丞，沒石勒，生子洪。 晉穆帝永和中，石氏亂，度江。 洪生梁州刺史歆，歆生弘之。
Fu Hongzhi, styled Zhongdu, came from Niyang in Beidi. The Fu clan had originally held Lingzhou. At the end of Han they lost their lands, resettled in Fengyi, and were registered at Niyang and Fuping when Lingzhou was abolished. In Jin Taikang year 3 Lingzhou was restored and the Fu clan was re-registered there. Hongzhi's great-grandfather Di had been Jin Minister Over the Masses and was later enfeoffed Duke of Lingzhou. Unwilling to hold a fief in his native county, only Di's branch remained registered at Niyang. His great-grandfather Chang, a Secretariat Director, was captured by Shi Le and fathered Hong. In Emperor Mu's Yonghe era, when the Shi regime collapsed, Hong crossed south over the Yangtze. Hong's son Xin governed Liang; Xin's son was Hongzhi.
32
少倜儻有大志，歷位太尉行參軍。 宋武帝北伐，弘之與扶風太守沈田子等七軍自武關入。 弘之素習騎乘，于姚泓馳道內戲馬，甚有姿制，羌胡觀者數千，並歎稱善。 留為桂陽公義真雍州中從事史。
In youth he was bold and ambitious, serving as acting staff officer to the Grand Commandant. On the northern expedition Hongzhi entered through Wuguan with Shen Tianzi of Fufeng and seven columns. A lifelong rider, he raced horses on Yao Hong's imperial track with superb style. Thousands of Qiang and Hu spectators sighed in admiration. He stayed on as Central Attendant Clerk of Yong under Duke of Guiyang Yizhen.
33
及義真東歸，赫連勃勃傾國追躡，於青泥大戰，弘之躬貫甲胄，氣冠三軍，軍敗陷沒，不為之屈。 時天大寒裸弘之，弘之叫駡見殺。
When Yizhen marched east, Helian Bobo pursued with the full strength of his state. At Qingni they fought a great battle. Hongzhi armored himself and his spirit outshone the whole army. Defeated and captured, he still would not yield. It was bitter cold. They stripped him naked. He cursed them and was killed.
34
朱修之字恭祖，義陽平氏人也。 曾祖燾，晉平西將軍。 祖序，豫州刺史。 父諶，益州刺史。
Zhu Xiuzhi, styled Gongzu, came from Pingshi in Yiyang. His great-grandfather Tao had been Jin's General Pacifying the West. His grandfather Xu had governed Yu. His father Chen had governed Yizhou.
35
修之初為州主簿，宋元嘉中，累遷司徒從事中郎。 文帝謂曰：「卿曾祖昔為王導丞相中郎，卿今又為王弘中郎，可謂不忝爾祖矣。」
Xiuzhi began as a provincial chief clerk and in the Yuanjia era rose to Attendant Gentleman of the Ministry of Works. Emperor Wen told him, "Your great-grandfather served Wang Dao as the chancellor's chief clerk; you now serve Wang Hong in the same post. You honor your line."
36
後隨右軍到彥之北侵，彥之自河南回，修之留戍滑台，被魏將安頡攻圍。 糧盡，將士熏鼠食之。 修之被圍既久，母常悲憂，忽一旦乳汁驚出，母號慟告家人曰：「我年老非復有乳汁時，今如此，兒必沒矣。」 魏果以其日克滑台，囚之。 太武嘉其固守之節，以為雲中鎮將，妻以宗室女。
He later joined Dao Yanzhi's Right Army on a northern raid. When Yanzhi withdrew south of the river, Xiuzhi stayed to hold Huatai and was besieged by Wei's An Ji. Food ran out. The garrison smoked rats for meat. His mother grieved through the long siege. One day her milk burst out in shock. She wailed to the family, "I am too old for milk—if this happens, my son is dead. Wei took Huatai that very day and took him prisoner. Taiwu honored his stubborn defense, made him garrison general of Yunzhong, and gave him an imperial-clan bride.
37
修之潛謀南歸，妻疑之，每流涕謂曰：「觀敘無停意，何不告我以實，義不相負。」 修之深嘉其義而不告也。 及太武伐馮弘，修之及同沒人邢懷明並從。 又有徐卓者亦沒魏，復欲率南人竊發，事泄見誅。 修之、懷明懼禍，同奔馮弘，不見禮。 停一年，會宋使至。 修之名位素顯，傳詔見便拜。 彼國敬傳詔，呼為天子邊人。 見傳詔致敬，乃始禮之。
He plotted escape south. His wife suspected him and wept, "You never sit still—tell me the truth. I will not betray you. He admired her loyalty but told her nothing. When Taiwu attacked Feng Hong, Xiuzhi and fellow captive Xing Huaiming marched with the army. Another captive, Xu Zhuo, tried to lead southerners in a secret uprising. The plot leaked and he was executed. Xiuzhi and Huaiming fled to Feng Hong in fear. They were not welcomed. They lingered a year until a Song envoy arrived. Xiuzhi's name was well known. At sight of the imperial messenger he bowed at once. The northerners honored the envoy and called him the emperor's man from the frontier. Only when they saw the envoy's courtesy did they begin to treat Xiuzhi with respect.
38
時魏屢伐黃龍，弘遣使求救，修之乃使傳詔說而遣之。 泛海，未至東萊，舫柂折，風猛，海師慮向海北，垂長索，舫乃正。 海師視上有鳥飛，知去岸不遠，須臾至東萊。 及至，以為黃門侍郎。
Wei was hammering Huanglong. Feng Hong sent envoys begging aid. Xiuzhi had the Song messenger talk them into leaving. They sailed east. Before Donglai the rudder snapped in a fierce wind. Sailors feared drifting north until a long rope righted the hull. Birds overhead told the sailors land was near. Moments later they made Donglai. On return he was made Palace Attendant.
39
孝武初，累遷甯蠻校尉、雍州刺史，加都督。 修之政在寬簡，士庶悅附。 及荊州刺史南郡王義宣反，檄修之舉兵。 雍土時饑，修之偽與之同； 既而遣使陳情于孝武，孝武嘉之，以為荊州刺史，加都督。 義宣乃聞修之不同，更以魯秀為雍州刺史，擊襄陽。 修之命斷馬鞍山道，秀不得前乃退。 修之率眾向江陵，竺超已執義宣，修之至，於獄殺之。 以功封南昌縣侯。
Under Emperor Xiaowu he rose to Colonel Pacifying the Barbarians and Governor of Yong with full military command. His rule was lenient and plain. Gentry and commoners alike rallied to him. When Prince of Nan commandery Yixuan rebelled as Governor of Jing, he summoned Xiuzhi to join. Yong was starving. Xiuzhi pretended to agree; then sent an envoy pledging loyalty to Xiaowu, who rewarded him with the governorship of Jing and full command. Learning Xiuzhi would not join, Yixuan made Lu Xiu Governor of Yong and struck at Xiangyang. Xiuzhi blocked the Ma'an Mountain road. Xiu could not advance and withdrew. Xiuzhi marched on Jiangling. Zhu Chao had already taken Yixuan. Xiuzhi arrived and executed him in prison. For this he was enfeoffed Marquis of Nanchang.
40
修之立身清約，百城貺贈，一無所受。 唯以蠻人宜存撫納，有餉皆受，得輒與佐史賭之，未嘗入己。 去鎮之日，秋毫無犯。 計在州以來，然油及私牛馬食官穀草，以私錢六十萬償之。 而儉刻無潤，薄于恩情，姊在鄉里，饑寒不立，修之貴為刺史，未曾供贍。 往姊家，姊為設菜羹粗飯以激之，修之曰：「此是貧家好食，進之致飽。」 先是，新野庾彥達為益州刺史，攜姊之鎮，資給供奉，中分秩祿，西土稱焉。
He lived cleanly and frugally and refused gifts from every city in his province. Only barbarian tribute did he accept—for diplomacy's sake—and he gambled every coin away with his staff, keeping nothing. When he left office not a hair of public property was missing. He reckoned every lamp drop of oil and every mouthful of fodder his private stock had consumed, and repaid six hundred thousand in private cash. Yet he was harsh and stingy with kin. His elder sister lived in poverty in the countryside; though he was a governor he never sent her aid. Visiting her, she served only vegetable broth and coarse rice to shame him. He said, "Poor folk's fare—I'll eat my fill and be grateful. Before him Yu Yanda of Xinye had brought his sister to Yizhou, shared half his salary, and was praised throughout the west.
41
修之後拜左戶尚書、領軍將軍。 至建鄴，牛奔墜車折腳，辭尚書，徙崇憲太僕，仍加特進、金紫光祿大夫。 腳疾不堪獨行見，特給扶侍。 卒，諡貞侯。
He later became Left Minister of the Household and General of the Palace Guard. At Jiankang his ox bolted and broke his leg. He resigned the ministry for Grand Master of Chongxian, with special advancement and the gold seal and purple ribbon. His leg would not bear walking to court alone; he was granted attendants to lean on. He died with the posthumous name Zhen Marquis.
42
王玄謨字彥德，太原祁人也。 六世祖宏，河東太守、綿竹侯，以從叔司徒允之難，棄官北居新興，仍為新興、雁門太守。 其自序云爾。 祖牢，仕慕容氏為上谷太守，隨慕容德居青州。 父秀，早卒。
Wang Xuanmo, styled Yande, came from Qi in Taiyuan. Six generations back, Hong was Administrator of Hedong and Marquis of Mianzhu. Following his uncle Minister Xu into exile he abandoned office, moved north to Xinxing, and governed Xinxing and Yanmen. So his family genealogy records. His grandfather Lao served the Murong as Administrator of Shanggu and followed Murong De to Qing Province. His father Xiu died young.
43
玄謨幼而不群，世父蕤有知人鑒，常笑曰：「此兒氣概高亮，有太尉彥雲之風。」 宋武帝臨徐州，辟為從事史，與語異之。 少帝末，謝晦為荊州，請為南蠻行參軍、武甯太守。 晦敗，以非大帥見原。
As a boy Xuanmo stood apart. His uncle Rui, who read men well, laughed and said, "This child has the lofty bearing of Grand Commandant Yan Yun. When Emperor Wu held Xuzhou he summoned Xuanmo to his staff and was struck by him in conversation. At the end of Shaodi's reign Xie Hui governed Jing and made him acting Southern Barbarians staff officer and Administrator of Wuning. When Hui fell he was spared because he had not been the chief conspirator.
44
元嘉中，補長沙王義欣鎮軍中兵參軍，領汝陰太守。 每陳北侵之規，上謂殷景仁曰：「聞王玄謨陳說，使人有封狼居胥意。」
In Yuanjia he became Pacifying Army staff major to Prince of Changsha Yixin and Administrator of Runan. Whenever he urged a northern campaign the Emperor told Yin Jingren, "Hearing Xuanmo speak, I feel like planting my banner on Wolf Mountain."
45
後為興安侯義賓輔國司馬、彭城太守。 義賓薨，玄謨上表，以彭城要兼水陸，請以皇子撫臨州政，乃以孝武出鎮。
He later served as Pacifying State staff major to Marquis of Xing'an Yibin and Administrator of Pengcheng. When Yibin died Xuanmo argued that Pengcheng commanded land and water routes and begged a prince to govern it. Xiaowu was sent to garrison the post.
46
及大舉北侵，以玄謨為甯朔將軍。 前鋒入河，受輔國將軍蕭斌節度。 軍至碻磝，玄謨進向滑台，圍城二百餘日。 魏太武自來救之，眾號百萬，鼓鞞動天地。 玄謨之行也，眾力不少，器械精嚴，而專仗所見，多行殺戮。 初圍城，城內多茅屋，眾求以火箭燒之。 玄謨曰：「損亡軍實。」 不聽。 城中即撤壞之，穴地為窟室。 及魏救將至，眾請發車為營，又不從。 將士並懷離怨。 又營貨利，一匹布責人八百梨，以此倍失人心。 及太武軍至，乃夜遁，麾下散亡略盡。 蕭斌將斬之，沈慶之固諫曰：「佛狸威震天下，控弦百萬，豈玄謨所能當。 殺戰將以自弱，非良計也。」 斌乃止。
On the great northern campaign Xuanmo was made General Pacifying the North. The vanguard entered the Yellow River under Pacifying State General Xiao Bin. The army reached Queqiu. Xuanmo pushed on to Huatai and besieged it for more than two hundred days. Taiwu came in person with an army said to number a million. Drums and war-flails shook heaven and earth. Xuanmo's column was strong and well equipped, yet he governed by whim and slaughtered freely. Inside the walls were many thatched houses. The men asked to burn them with fire arrows. Xuanmo refused: "That wastes our plunder. He would not allow it. The defenders tore the thatch down and dug underground shelters. When Wei's relief approached the men asked to form chariot fortifications. Again he refused. Officers and soldiers alike turned resentful. He also profiteered—one bolt of cloth for eight hundred pears—and lost hearts twice over. When Taiwu arrived he fled by night. His command scattered until almost none remained. Xiao Bin meant to execute him. Shen Qingzhi protested firmly: "Bili's power shakes the world. A million bows answer his call—Xuanmo was never meant to stand alone against that. Beheading your own general only weakens you. That is no strategy. Bin stayed his hand.
47
初，玄謨始將見殺，夢人告曰：「誦觀世音千遍則免。」 玄謨夢中曰：「何可竟也。」 仍見授，既覺誦之，且得千遍。 明日將刑，誦之不輟。 忽傳唱停刑，遣代守碻磝。 江夏王義恭為征討都督，以碻磝沙城不可守，召令還。 為魏軍所追，大破之，流矢中臂。 二十八年正月，還至曆城。 義恭與玄謨書曰：「聞因敗為成，臂上金創，將非金印之征邪？」
When execution seemed certain Xuanmo dreamed a voice saying, "Chant to Guanyin a thousand times and you will live. In the dream he answered, "Who could finish a thousand?" Yet the text was placed in his hands. Awake, he chanted until he reached a thousand. The next day, facing execution, he never stopped chanting. Suddenly an order halted the execution and sent him to hold Queqiu instead. Prince of Jiangxia Yigong commanded the punitive expedition. Judging Queqiu's sand walls untenable, he recalled Xuanmo. Wei pursuers routed the column. A stray arrow struck his arm. In the first month of year 28 he returned to Licheng. Yigong wrote him, "They say defeat turns to victory and a golden wound on the arm foretells a golden seal."
48
元凶弑立，以玄謨為冀州刺史。 孝武伐逆，玄謨遣濟南太守垣護之等將兵赴義。 事平，除徐州刺史，加都督。
When the Crown Prince murdered his way to the throne Xuanmo was made Governor of Ji. When Xiaowu marched against the usurper Xuanmo sent Yuan Huzhi of Jinan and others to join the loyal side. After victory he became Governor of Xuzhou with full command.
49
及南郡王義宣與江州刺史臧質反，朝廷假玄謨輔國將軍，為前鋒南討，拜豫州刺史。 質尋至，大破之。 加都督，封曲江縣侯。 中軍司馬劉沖之白孝武，言玄謨在梁山與義宣通謀。 檢雖無實，上意不能明，使有司奏玄謨沒匿所得賊寶物，虛張戰簿，與徐州刺史垣護之並免官。
When Yixuan and Zang Zhi of Jiangzhou rebelled, the court made Xuanmo acting Pacifying State General, southern vanguard, and Governor of Yu. When Zhi came up Xuanmo crushed him. He received full command and the marquisate of Qujiang. Staff Major Liu Chongzhi told Xiaowu that at Liangshan Xuanmo had secretly colluded with Yixuan. The inquiry found nothing, yet the emperor's doubt lingered. Officials memorialized that Xuanmo had hidden loot and falsified battle rolls. He and Yuan Huzhi were dismissed.
50
尋為甯蠻校尉、雍州刺史，加都督。 雍土多諸僑寓，玄謨上言所統僑郡無有境土，新舊錯亂，租課不時，宜加併合。 見許。 乃省並郡縣，自此便之。 百姓當時不願屬籍。 其年，玄謨又令九品以上租，使貧富相通，境內莫不嗟怨。 人間訛言玄謨欲反，時柳元景當權，元景弟僧景為新城太守，以元景之勢，制令雍土南陽順陽上庸新城諸郡併發兵，欲討玄謨。 玄謨令內外晏然，以解眾惑，馳啟孝武，具陳本末。 帝知其虛，馳遣主書吳喜公慰撫之。 又答曰：「玄謨啟明白之日，七十老公反欲何求？ 聊復為笑，想足以申卿眉頭耳。」 玄謨性嚴，未曾妄笑，時人言玄謨眉頭未曾申，故以此見戲。
Soon he was restored as Colonel Pacifying the Barbarians and Governor of Yong with full command. Yong held many migrant communities. Xuanmo reported that refugee commanderies had no fixed territory, old and new registrations were tangled, and taxes came late. He proposed consolidation. The court approved. He merged commanderies and counties, and administration grew simpler. The people did not want to be registered. That same year he levied rent from every household of ninth rank and above, forcing rich and poor to pay alike. Resentment spread through the province. Rumors spread that Xuanmo meant to rebel. Liu Yuanjing held power then; his brother Sengjing governed Xincheng and, trading on that influence, ordered Nanyang, Shunyang, Shangyong, and Xincheng to mobilize against Xuanmo. Xuanmo kept his province calm to quell panic, then galloped to Xiaowu with a full account. Knowing the charge was false, the emperor sent Chief Secretary Wu Xigong to reassure him. He also wrote back, "The day your memorial arrived—a seventy-year-old man, what rebellion could he want? Take it as a joke—I trust that will unknit your brow. Xuanmo was so stern he almost never laughed. People said his brow had never unknotted—hence the emperor's jest.
51
後為金紫光祿大夫，領太常。 及建明堂，以本官領起部尚書，又領北選。 孝武狎侮群臣，各有稱目，多須者謂之羊，短長肥瘦皆有比擬。 顏師伯缺齒，號之曰齴，劉秀之儉吝，常呼為老慳。 黃門侍郎宗靈秀軀體肥壯，拜起艱難，每一集會，輒於坐賜靈秀器服飲食，前後相系，欲其占謝傾踣，以為歡笑。 又刻木作靈秀父光祿勳叔獻像送其家聽事。 柳元景、垣護之雖並北人，而玄謨獨受老傖之目。 凡諸稱謂，四方書疏亦如之。 嘗為玄謨作四時詩曰：「菫茹供春膳，粟漿充夏餐，瓟醬調秋菜，白醝解冬寒。」 又寵一昆侖奴子名白主，常在左右，令以杖擊群臣。 自柳元景以下皆罹其毒。
He later became Grand Master of the Gold Seal and Purple Ribbon and Director of the Imperial Ancestral Temple. When the Bright Hall was raised he kept his post, headed the construction ministry, and oversaw northern appointments. Xiaowu mocked his ministers with nicknames—bearded men were "sheep," and every build had its label. Toothless Yan Shibo became "Gum." Stingy Liu Xiuzhi was "Old Miser." Palace Attendant Zong Lingxiu was corpulent and bowed with difficulty. At every feast Xiaowu piled gifts on him hoping he would rise, stumble, and amuse the court. He carved a wooden statue of Lingxiu's father Shuxian and sent it to the family hall. Yuanjing and Huzhi were northerners too, yet only Xuanmo was nicknamed Old Rustic. Official correspondence from every quarter used the same nicknames. He once wrote seasonal verse for Xuanmo: "Taro for spring, millet gruel for summer, gourd sauce for autumn, white pickles against winter cold. He favored a Kunlun slave called Baizhu who walked at his side and beat ministers with a staff on command. From Liu Yuanjing down, none escaped the rod.
52
玄謨尋遷徐州刺史，加都督。 時北土災饉，乃散私谷十萬斛牛千頭以賑之。 孝武崩，與群公俱被顧命。 時朝政多門，玄謨以嚴直不容，徙青、冀二州刺史，加都督。 少帝誅顏師伯、柳元景等，狂悖滋甚，以領軍征玄謨，子侄咸勸稱疾。 玄謨曰：「避難苟免，既乖事君之節，且吾荷先朝厚恩，彌不得逡巡。」 及至，屢表諫諍，又流涕請緩刑去殺，以安元元之意。 少帝大怒。
Xuanmo was soon transferred to Governor of Xuzhou with full command. Famine struck the north. He opened his granaries—one hundred thousand hu of grain and a thousand oxen. When Xiaowu died Xuanmo was named among the regents. Court factions multiplied. Too upright to endure them, Xuanmo was moved to govern Qing and Ji. After Shaodi murdered Yan Shibo and Liu Yuanjing his madness worsened. He summoned Xuanmo with the Palace Guard. Kin urged him to plead illness. Xuanmo refused. "To hide from danger is already disloyalty—and I owe the late emperor too much to hang back. At court he remonstrated again and again, weeping for milder punishments and an end to slaughter—for the people's sake. Shaodi was furious.
53
明帝即位，禮遇益崇。 時四方反叛，玄謨領水軍前鋒南討，以腳疾未差，聽乘輿出入。 尋除車騎將軍、江州刺史，副司徒建安王休仁於赭圻，賜以諸葛亮筩袖鎧。 頃之，以為左光祿大夫、開府儀同三司，領護軍將軍，遷南豫州刺史，加都督。 薨年八十二，諡曰莊公。
When Emperor Ming took the throne, honor only increased. Rebellion erupted everywhere. Xuanmo led the naval vanguard south; his leg still lame, he was allowed a carriage at court. He was soon made General of Chariots and Cavalry and Governor of Jiangzhou, second to Prince of Jian'an Xiuren at Zheqi, and given Zhuge Liang's tube-sleeve armor. He was then made Left Grand Master of Splendid Happiness, Grand General with Three Dukes ceremony, Director of the Palace Guard, and Governor of South Yu with full command. He died at eighty-two with the posthumous title Duke Zhuang.
54
寬弟瞻字明遠，一字叔鸞。 負氣傲俗，好貶裁人物。 仕宋為王府參軍。 嘗詣劉彥節，直登榻曰：「君侯是公孫，僕是公子，引滿促膝，唯餘二人。」 彥節外跡雖酬之，意甚不悅。 齊豫章王嶷少時，早與瞻友。 瞻常候嶷高論，齊武帝時在大床寢，瞻謂嶷曰：「帳中人物亦復隨人寢興。」 嶷言次忽問王景文兄楷賢愚何如殷道矜，瞻曰：「卿遂復言他人兄邪。」 武帝笑稱嶷小名阿玉，「汝兄愚，那得忽來王參軍此句」。 瞻曰：「直恐如卿來談。」 武帝銜之，未嘗形色。 後曆黃門侍郎。
Xuanmo's younger brother Zhan, styled Mingyuan and also Shuluan. Proud and scornful of convention, he loved to cut others down. He served Song on a prince's staff. Visiting Liu Yanjie he climbed straight onto the couch. "You are a duke's son, I a marquis's son—let us drink knee to knee, just the two of us. Yanjie answered politely but seethed inside. Prince of Yuzhang of Qi had been Zhan's friend since youth. Zhan often debated with Niao while Qi Wudi slept on the great bed. Zhan told Niao, "Even the man in the tent sleeps and wakes like anyone else. Mid-conversation Niao asked whether Wang Kai was wiser than Yin Daojin. Zhan snapped, "Must you talk about someone else's brother?" The emperor laughed and called Niao by his childhood name A'yu. "Your brother is a fool—how did Staff Officer Wang's line come from him?" Zhan replied, "I only fear he talks the way you do. The emperor nursed the grudge but never showed it. He later served as Palace Attendant.
55
及齊建元初，瞻為永嘉太守，詣闕跪拜不如儀。 武帝知之，召入東宮，仍送付廷尉殺之。 命左右啟高帝曰：「父辱子死； 王瞻傲朝廷，臣輒已收之。」 高帝曰：「此何足計。」 及聞瞻已死，乃默無言。
At the start of Qi's Jianyuan era he governed Yongjia. At court his bow was improper. The emperor knew, summoned him to the Eastern Palace, then handed him to the Court of Justice for execution. He told attendants to report to Emperor Gao, "When the father is insulted the son must die; Wang Zhan insulted the throne—I have already taken him. Emperor Gao said, "That is hardly worth mention." When he learned Zhan was already dead he said nothing.
56
玄謨從弟玄象，位下邳太守。 好發塚，地無完槨。 人間垣內有小塚，墳上殆平，每朝日初升，見一女子立塚上，近視則亡。 或以告玄象，便命發之。 有一棺尚全，有金蠶、銅人以百數。 剖棺見一女子，年可二十，姿質若生，臥而言曰：「我東海王家女，應生，資財相奉，幸勿見害。」 女臂有玉釧，破塚者斬臂取之，於是女復死。 玄謨時為徐州刺史，以事上聞，玄象坐免郡。
Xuanmo's cousin Xuanxiang was Administrator of Xiapi. He robbed graves wherever he went; no tomb escaped intact. Within the city walls stood a small mound nearly level with the ground. At every sunrise a woman appeared on it and vanished when approached. Someone told Xuanxiang and he ordered it dug up at once. One coffin remained intact, holding hundreds of gold silkworms and bronze figures. Inside lay a woman of about twenty, beautiful as if alive. She spoke from the coffin: "I am a daughter of the Wang house of Donghai, not yet born. Take the treasure—do not harm me. A jade bracelet circled her arm. The robbers severed the arm to take it, and she died again. Xuanmo, then Governor of Xuzhou, reported the crime. Xuanxiang was dismissed.
57
玄載弟玄邈字彥遠，仕宋位青州刺史。 齊高帝之鎮淮陰，為宋明帝所疑，乃北勸魏，遣書結玄邈。 玄邈長史房叔安進曰：「夫布衣韋帶之士，銜一餐而不忘，義使之然也。 今將軍居方州之重，托君臣之義，無故舉忠孝而棄之，三齊之士寧蹈東海死耳，不敢隨將軍也。」 玄邈意乃定。 仍使叔安使建鄴，發高帝謀。 高帝于路執之，並求玄邈表。 叔安答曰：「寡君使表上天子，不上將軍。 且僕之所言，利國家而不利將軍，無所應問。」 荀伯玉勸殺之，高帝曰：「物各為主，無所責也。」 玄邈罷州還，高帝塗中要之，玄邈嚴軍直過。 還都，啟宋明帝，稱高帝有異謀，高帝不恨也。 升明中，高帝引為驃騎司馬、泰山太守。 玄邈甚懼，高帝待之如初。 再遷西戎校尉、梁南秦二州刺史，封河陽縣侯，兄弟同時為方伯。
Xuanmo's kinsman Xuanmiao, styled Yanyuan, served Song as Governor of Qing. When Qi Wudi garrisoned Huaiyin, Song's Emperor Ming suspected him. He turned north to Wei and wrote to win Xuanmiao over. Chief clerk Fang Shuan protested: "A man in coarse clothes who remembers a single meal does so from righteousness. You hold a frontier province in the emperor's trust. To abandon loyalty and filial piety without cause—the men of the Three Qi would drown themselves in the eastern sea before they followed you. Xuanmiao's resolve steadied. He still sent Shuan to Jiankang to expose Qi Wudi's plot. Qi Wudi seized him on the road and demanded Xuanmiao's letter. Shuan answered, "My lord's letter was for the Son of Heaven, not for you. And what I said serves the state, not you—there is nothing to tell you. Xun Boyu urged execution. Qi Wudi said, "Each man serves his own lord—no blame in that." Xuanmiao left office and returned home. Qi Wudi ambushed him on the road. Xuanmiao marched his guard straight through. Back at court he reported Qi Wudi's treachery to Song Mingdi. Qi Wudi bore no grudge. In the Shengming era Qi Wudi made him Rapid Cavalry staff major and Administrator of Taishan. Xuanmiao was terrified. Qi Wudi treated him as before. He was promoted to Colonel of the Western Rong and Governor of Liang and South Qin, enfeoffed Marquis of Heyang—brothers governing frontiers together.
58
齊建元初，亡命李烏奴作亂梁部，玄邈使人偽降烏奴，告之曰：「王使君兵弱，攜愛妾二人已去矣。」 烏奴喜，輕兵襲州城，玄邈奇兵破之。 高帝聞之曰：「玄邈果不負吾。」
At Qi's founding the outlaw Li Wunu rebelled in Liang. Xuanmiao sent a false defector who told Wunu, "Lord Wang's force is weak—he has already fled with his two favorite concubines. Wunu rejoiced, led light troops against the capital, and was crushed by Xuanmiao's ambush. Qi Wudi heard it and said, "Xuanmiao has not failed me after all."
59
論曰：自晉室播遷，來宅揚、越，關邊遙阻，汧、隴遐荒，區甸分其內外，山河判其表裏。 桓溫一代英人，志移晉鼎，自非兵屈霸上，戰衄枋頭，則光宅之運，中年允集。 宋武帝屈起布衣，非藉人譽，一旦驅率烏合，奄興霸緒，功雖有餘而德猶未洽。 非樹奇功於難立，震大威于四海，則不能成配天之業，一異同之心。 故須外積武功，以收人望。 及金墉請吏，元勳既立，心欲掛旆龍門，折沖冀、趙，跨功桓氏，取高昔人。 方復觀兵崤、渭，陳師天嶮。 及靈威薄震，重關自辟，故知英算所包，先勝而後戰也。 王鎮惡推鋒直指，前無強陣，為宋方叔，其壯矣乎。 朱齡石、超石、毛修之、傅弘之等，以歸眾難固之情，逢英勇乘機之運，以至顛陷，為不幸矣。 修之滑台之守，有疏勒之難，苟誠節在焉，所在為重，其取榮大國，豈徒然哉。 終假道自歸，首丘之義也。 玄謨封狼之心，雖簡帝念； 然天方相魏，人豈能支。 宋氏以三吳之弱卒，當八州之勁勇，欲以邀勝，不亦難乎。 蹙境亡師，固其宜也。 觀夫慶之言，可謂達于時變。 瞻傲佷不悔，卒至亡軀，然齊武追恨魚服，匹夫懼矣。 玄邈行己之度，有士君子之風乎。
Commentary: After the Jin court fled south to Yang and Yue, the frontier lay far away and Qian-Long vanished into the wilderness. District lines split inner from outer; mountains and rivers drew the border. Huan Wen was the age's hero, intent on moving the throne. Had he not lost at Bashang and been routed at Fangtou, he might have restored the capital in his prime. Emperor Wu rose from the ranks without borrowed fame. He welded a mob into an army and seized a hegemony overnight—merit aplenty, but virtue not yet settled. Without spectacular victories in impossible places and awe across the four seas, he could not win a Mandate of Heaven or bind divided hearts. So he needed victories abroad to gather the people's gaze. When Jinyong submitted and the founding heroes stood firm, he dreamed of banners at Longmen, triumph in Ji and Zhao, surpassing Huan Wen and outdoing the ancients. He meant to parade at Xiao and Wei and mass armies at the sky's narrow gates. When his prestige alone shook the frontier and the passes fell open, one saw that his plans won before the fight began. Wang Zhen'e drove straight ahead with no enemy line able to stop him—Song's Fangshu, and mighty indeed. Zhu Lingshi, Chaoshi, Mao Xiuzhi, Fu Hongzhi, and the rest held armies hard to keep loyal in retreat, rode a tide of bold opportunity—and still fell. Ill fortune indeed. Zhu Xiuzhi's siege of Huatai had Shule's agony. Where integrity holds, a man's weight follows—and glory in a great kingdom is never empty. In the end he found his way home—the old loyalty of facing one's birth mound. Xuanmo's dream of Wolf Mountain the emperor shared; yet Heaven favored Wei then—what could men do? Song's soft Three-Wu soldiers against eight provinces of northern fury, hoping to win—was that not folly? Territory lost, armies broken—that was only fitting. Shen Qingzhi's words show a man who read the times. Zhan's arrogant defiance cost him his life; yet when Qi Wudi mourned the fish-skin robe, even a common man might tremble. Xuanmiao's conduct—did it not have something of the gentleman's way?