1
列傳第六十三孝義上
the 63th year of Biography: Filial Piety and Righteous Conduct, Upper Scroll
2
龔穎劉瑜賈恩郭世通嚴世期吳逵潘綜張進之丘傑師覺授王彭蔣恭徐耕孫法宗范叔孫卜天與許昭先余齊人孫棘何子平崔懷順王虛之吳慶之蕭叡明蕭矯妻羊公孫僧遠吳欣之韓系伯丘冠先孫淡華寶解叔謙韓靈敏劉渢封延伯吳達之王文殊樂頤之江泌庾道湣 《易》曰：「立人之道，曰仁與義。」 夫仁義者，合君親之至理，實忠孝之所資。 雖義發因心，情非外感，然企及之旨，聖哲貽言。 至於風漓化薄，禮違道喪，忠不樹國，孝亦愆家，而一代之甿，權利相引，仕以勢招，榮非行立。 乏翱翔之感，棄含生之分，霜露未改，大痛已忘於心，名節不變，戎車遽為其首，斯並軌訓之理未弘，汲引之塗多闕。 若夫情發於天，行成乎己，捐軀捨命，濟主安親，雖乘理闇至，匪由勸賞，而宰世之人，曾微誘激。 乃至事隱閭閻，無聞視聽，考于載籍，何代無之。 故宜被之圖篆，用存旌勸。 今搜綴湮落，以備闕文云爾。
Gong Ying, Liu Yu, Jia En, Guo Shitong, Yan Shiqi, Wu Kui, Pan Zong, Zhang Jinzhi, Qiu Jie, Shi Jueshou, Wang Peng, Jiang Gong, Xu Geng, Sun Fazong, Fan Shusun, Bu Tianyu, Xu Zhaoxian, Yu Qiren, Sun Ji, He Ziping, Cui Huaishun, Wang Xuzhi, Wu Qingzhi, Xiao Ruiming, the wife of Xiao Jiao, surnamed Yang, Gongsun Sengyuan, Wu Xinzhi, Han Xibo, Qiu Guanxian, Sun Dan, Hua Bao, Xie Shuqian, Han Lingmin, Liu Feng, Feng Yanbo, Wu Dazhi, Wang Wenshu, Yue Yizhi, Jiang Bi, and Yu Daomin The Changes says, "The Way that establishes humanity is called benevolence and righteousness." Benevolence and righteousness accord with the highest principles of ruler and kin, and are truly what loyalty and filial piety rely upon. Although righteousness arises from the heart and feeling is not moved from outside, the aim of striving toward it was left in words by sages and worthies. When customs are diluted and moral transformation is thin, rites are violated and the Way is lost; loyalty does not uphold the state, filial piety fails the family, and the common people of an age are drawn by power and profit, take office through influence, and gain honor without conduct. They lack the feeling of soaring aspiration, abandon the portion owed to living beings, and before frost and dew have even changed, great grief is already forgotten in the heart; though reputation and integrity have not changed, military carriages suddenly become their first concern. These things happen because the principles of models and instruction are not yet broad, and the paths of drawing people upward have many gaps. As for those whose feeling arises from Heaven and whose conduct is completed in themselves, who give up body and life to aid the ruler and secure their kin, though they arrive unseen by following principle and not because of encouragement or reward, those who govern the age give them scarcely any inducement or stimulation. As for deeds hidden in village lanes and never heard or seen, if one examines the records, what age has lacked them? Therefore they should be set forth in diagrams and inscriptions, to preserve commendation and encouragement. Now what has been buried and lost is searched out and strung together, to supply missing text, that is all.
3
龔穎，遂寧人也。 少好學，益州刺史。 毛璩辟為勸學從事。 璩為譙縱所殺，故佐吏並逃亡，穎號哭奔赴，殯送以禮。 縱後設宴延穎，不獲已而至。 樂奏，穎流涕起曰：「北面事人，亡不能死，何忍舉觴聞樂，蹈跡逆亂乎。」 縱大將譙道福引出將斬之，道福母即穎姑也，跣出救之得免。 及縱僭號，備禮征又不至，乃脅以兵刃，執志終無回改，至於蜀平，遂不屈節。 其後刺史至，輒加辟引。 曆府參軍，州別駕從事史。 宋文帝元嘉二十四年，刺史陸徽表穎節義，遂不被朝命，終於家。
Gong Ying was a native of Suining. From youth he loved learning and was connected with the Inspector of Yizhou. Mao Qiu recruited him as an aide charged with promoting scholarship. When Qiu was murdered by the rebel Qiao Zong, his former subordinates all fled, but Ying wept aloud, hurried to the scene, and laid him out and buried him with full propriety. Zong later gave a feast and summoned Ying, who came only because he could not refuse. When the music began, Ying rose in tears and said, "I served my lord as a subject, yet when he died I could not die with him—how can I bear to lift a cup and listen to music while walking in the footsteps of treason." Zong's chief general Qiao Daofu had him dragged out to be beheaded, but Daofu's mother was Ying's aunt; she ran out barefoot and rescued him, and he was spared. When Zong declared himself emperor and summoned him with full honors, Ying still would not come; threatened with weapons, he held firm to the end, and even after Shu was pacified he never compromised his loyalty. Thereafter each new provincial inspector would try to recruit him. He held posts as a prefectural staff officer, provincial chief clerk, and attendant secretary. In the twenty-fourth year of Yuanjia of Emperor Wen of Song, Inspector Lu Hui submitted a memorial praising Ying's loyalty, but Ying never accepted an imperial post and died at home.
4
劉瑜，曆陽曆陽人也。 七歲喪父，事母至孝。 年五十二，又喪母，三年不進鹽酪，號泣晝夜不絕聲，勤身力以營葬事。 服除，二十餘年，布衣蔬食，言輒流涕，常居墓側，未嘗暫違。 宋文帝元嘉初卒。
Liu Yu was a native of Liyang in Liyang commandery. He lost his father at seven and thereafter served his mother with the utmost devotion. At fifty-two he lost his mother as well; for three years he ate no salt or dairy, wailed day and night without stopping, and strained his own strength to manage the funeral. After the mourning period, for more than twenty years he wore plain clothes and ate simple fare, wept whenever he spoke, and lived beside the grave without ever leaving it, even for a moment. He died early in the Yuanjia era of Emperor Wen of Song.
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又元嘉七年，南豫州舉所統西陽縣人董陽三世同居，外無異門，內無異煙。 詔榜門曰：「篤行董氏之閭」，蠲一門租布。
In the seventh year of Yuanjia as well, South Yuzhou reported that Dong Yang of Xiyang County had three generations living under one roof, with no separate outer gates and no separate hearths inside. An edict ordered a placard posted on their gate reading "The Lane of the Dong Family's Steadfast Conduct," and exempted the entire household from rent and cloth taxes.
6
賈恩，會稽諸暨人也。 少有志行。 元嘉三年母亡，居喪過禮。 未葬，為鄰火所逼，恩及妻桓氏號哭奔救，鄰近赴助，棺櫬得免，恩及桓俱燒死。 有司奏改其裏為孝義裏，蠲租布三世。 追贈恩天水郡顯親左尉。
Jia En was a native of Zhuji in Kuaiji. From youth he was known for moral resolve. In the third year of Yuanjia his mother died, and he observed mourning with greater rigor than the rites required. Before the burial, a fire from a neighbor's house threatened the coffin; En and his wife Lady Huan ran wailing to save it; neighbors rushed to help and the coffin was spared, but En and Lady Huan both perished in the flames. The authorities memorialized to rename his neighborhood the Lane of Filial Piety and Righteousness and to exempt three generations from rent and cloth levies. Jia En was posthumously granted the title of Left Commandant of Xianqin in Tianshui commandery.
7
郭世通，會稽永興人也。 年十四喪父，居喪殆不勝哀。 家貧，傭力以養繼母。 婦生一男，夫妻恐廢侍養，乃垂泣瘞之。 母亡，負土成墳。 親戚或共賻助，微有所受，葬畢，傭賃還先直。 服除後，思慕終身如喪者，未嘗釋衣幍。 仁孝之風，行於鄉黨。 鄰村小大莫有呼其名者。 嘗與人共于山陰市貨物，誤得一千錢，當時不覺，分背方悟，追還本主。 錢主驚歎，以半直與之，世通委之而去。 元嘉四年，大使巡行天下，散騎常侍袁愉表其淳行，文帝嘉之，敕榜表門閭，蠲其租調，改所居獨楓裏為孝行焉。 太守孟顗察孝廉，不就。
Guo Shitong was a native of Yongxing in Kuaiji. He lost his father at fourteen and grieved so deeply in mourning that he nearly could not endure it. The household was poor, so he hired himself out as a laborer to support his stepmother. When his wife bore a son, the couple feared the child would keep them from caring for his mother, so they wept and secretly buried the infant. When his mother died, he carried earth on his back to raise the burial mound himself. Relatives sometimes pooled funeral gifts; he accepted only a small amount, and after the burial he worked for hire to repay every advance he had taken. After the mourning period he grieved for the rest of his life as though still in mourning and never removed his mourning headcloth. His reputation for benevolence and filial devotion spread through the countryside. In neighboring villages, young and old alike never addressed him by his personal name out of respect. Once while trading in the Shanyin market he mistakenly received an extra thousand cash without noticing; only after they parted did he realize, and he ran after the owner to return it. The owner was astonished and offered him half the sum as a reward, but Shitong laid it down and walked away. In the fourth year of Yuanjia an imperial envoy toured the empire; Attendant Cavalier Yuan Yu submitted a memorial praising his pure conduct; Emperor Wen was pleased, ordered a placard posted at his gate, exempted his taxes, and renamed his neighborhood from Lone Maple Lane to the Lane of Filial Conduct. Prefect Meng Yi nominated him as a Filial and Incorrupt candidate, but he declined the office.
8
子原平字長恭，又稟至行，養親必以己力，傭賃以給供養。 性甚巧，每為人作正，取散夫價。 主人設食，原平自以家貧，父母不辦有肴味，唯飧鹽飯而已。 若家或無食，則虛中竟日，義不獨飽。 須日暮作畢，受直歸家，於裏糴買，然後舉爨。
His son Yuanping, styled Changgong, inherited the same exemplary conduct; he always supported his parents with his own labor, hiring himself out to provide for them. He was naturally very skillful; whenever he built a main hall for someone he charged only day-labor rates. When his employer offered a meal, Yuanping, knowing his parents at home could afford no delicacies, ate only plain rice with salt. If there was no food at home, he would go hungry all day rather than eat his fill while his parents had nothing. He waited until dusk when the day's work was done, took his wages home, bought grain in the village, and only then cooked the evening meal.
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父篤疾彌年，原平衣不解帶，口不嚐鹽菜者，跨積寒暑，又未嘗睡臥。 父亡，哭踴慟絕，數日方蘇。 以為奉終之義，情禮自畢，塋壙凶功，不欲假人。 本雖巧而不解作墓，乃訪邑中有營墓者，助人運力，經時展勤，久乃閑練。 又自賣十夫以供眾費，窀穸之事，儉而當禮。 性無術學，因心自然。 葬畢，詣所買主執役無懈，與諸奴分務，讓逸取勞。 主人不忍使，每遣之。 原平服勤未嘗暫替，傭賃養母，有餘聚以自贖。 既學構塚，尤善其事，每至吉歲，求者盈門。 原平所起必自貧始，既取賤價，又以夫日助之。 及父喪終，自起兩間小屋以為祠堂，每至節歲，常于此數日中哀思，絕飲粥。 父服除後，不復食肉。 高陽許瑤之罷建安郡丞還家，以綿一斤遺之，不受。 瑤之乃自往，曰：「今歲過寒，而建安綿好，以此奉尊上下耳。」 原平乃拜而受之。
When his father lay gravely ill for a full year, Yuanping never loosened his belt, ate no salted food, endured summer and winter alike, and never lay down to sleep. When his father died, he wailed and stamped until he collapsed; several days passed before he regained consciousness. He felt that the emotional and ritual obligations of mourning he could fulfill himself, but for the grave and funeral labor he would not rely on others. Though skilled by nature, he did not know tomb-building, so he found grave-builders in the district, helped them carry earth, and through long practice became expert. He also hired himself out for ten days' labor to cover the funeral costs, and the burial was frugal yet fully in keeping with the rites. He had no formal training in the craft; everything came naturally from the heart. After the burial he went to the man who had bought his labor and worked without slackening, sharing tasks with the household slaves and always taking the harder work for himself. The master could not bear to work him so hard and kept sending him home. Yuanping labored without a day's rest, hired himself out to support his mother, and saved whatever remained to buy back his pledged labor. Once he had mastered tomb-building he excelled at it, and in every propitious year clients crowded his door. Yuanping always took the poorest clients first, charged the lowest prices, and added his own labor days at no extra cost. After his father's mourning ended, he built two small rooms as a memorial shrine; at each festival he spent several days there in grief, taking no food at all. After his father's mourning period he never ate meat again. Xu Yaozhi of Gaoyang, after leaving his post as assistant prefect of Jian'an and returning home, sent him a pound of cotton, but he refused it. Yaozhi then came in person and said, "This year is bitterly cold, and Jian'an cotton is excellent—I bring this only for your honored parents.' Only then did Yuanping bow and accept it.
10
及母終，毀瘠彌甚，僅乃免喪。 墓前有數十畝田，不屬原平，每至農月，耕者恒裸袒。 原平不欲使人慢其墳墓，乃貿家資，貴買此田，三農之月，輒束帶垂泣，躬自耕墾。
When his mother died, his grief left him so wasted that he barely survived the mourning period. Several tens of mu of fields before the grave did not belong to Yuanping, and each planting season the laborers worked stripped to the waist. Yuanping could not bear to see the grave treated with disrespect, so he sold his household goods and bought the land at a high price; during the three farming seasons he would gird himself, weep, and till the soil with his own hands.
11
每出賣物，裁求半價，邑人皆共識悉，輒加本價與之，彼此相讓，要使微賤，然後取直。 宅上種竹，夜有盜其筍者，原平遇見之，盜者奔走墜溝。 原平乃於所植竹處溝上立小橋令通，又采筍置籬外，鄰里慚愧，無復取者。
Whenever he sold anything he asked only half the going price; the townspeople all knew him and would pay the full price instead, each insisting on yielding until the sum was very small, and only then would he accept payment. He had bamboo planted at his home; one night a thief came for the shoots; Yuanping caught him, and the thief fled and fell into a ditch. Yuanping built a small bridge over the ditch by the bamboo so the thief could cross safely, and left picked shoots outside the fence; the neighbors were ashamed and never stole again.
12
宋文帝崩，原平號慟，日食麥鉡一枚，如此五日。 人曰：「誰非王臣，何獨如此？」 原平泣而答曰：「吾家見異先朝，蒙褒贊之賞，不能報恩，私心感動耳。」
When Emperor Wen of Song died, Yuanping wailed in grief and ate only one wheat cake a day for five days. Someone said, "Who is not a subject of the throne—why grieve alone like this." Yuanping wept and replied, "My family was singled out by the previous reign and received imperial praise and reward; I could not repay that kindness—this is only a private stirring of gratitude."
13
又以種瓜為業，大明七年大旱，瓜瀆不復通船。 縣令劉僧秀湣其窮老，下瀆水與之。 原平曰：「普天大旱，百姓俱困，豈可減溉田之水，以通運瓜之船。」 乃步從他道往錢唐貨賣。 每行來見人牽埭未過，輒迅烜助之。 己自引船，不假旁人。 若自船已度，後人未及，常停住須待，以此為常。 嘗于縣南郭鳳埭助人引船，遇有鬥者為吏所錄，鬥者逃散，唯原平獨住，吏執以送縣。 縣令新到，未相諳悉，將加嚴罰，原平解衣就罪，義無一言。 左右大小咸稽顙請救，然後得免。 由來不謁官長，自此乃始修敬。 太守蔡興宗臨郡，深加貴異，以私米饋原平及山陰朱百年妻各百斛。 原平誓死不受，百年妻亦固辭。
He also made his living growing melons; in the seventh year of Daming a severe drought struck, and the Melon Channel could no longer carry boats. Magistrate Liu Senxiu pitied his poverty and old age and released irrigation water for him. Yuanping said, "The whole empire is in drought and the people are all suffering—how can I divert irrigation water from the fields just to float boats carrying my melons." He then walked by another route to Qiantang to sell his melons. Whenever he traveled and saw someone struggling to haul a boat over a dam, he would hurry to help. He always pulled his own boat and never asked others to do it for him. If his own boat had crossed but those behind had not, he always stopped and waited for them; this became his constant practice. Once at Feng Dam south of the county seat he was helping haul a boat when brawlers were seized by clerks; the brawlers fled, but Yuanping alone remained, and the clerks arrested him and took him to the magistrate. The magistrate had just arrived and did not know him; about to impose a harsh penalty, Yuanping stripped for punishment and on principle said not a word in his own defense. Everyone around him, young and old alike, kowtowed and pleaded for his release, and only then was he spared. He had never visited officials before, but from that day he began to pay his respects. When Prefect Cai Xingzong took office he held Yuanping in high esteem and sent a hundred hu of grain from his private stores to Yuanping and to the widow of Zhu Bainian of Shanyin. Yuanping vowed he would rather die than accept, and Zhu's widow likewise firmly refused.
14
會稽郡貴重望計及望孝，盛族出身，不減秘、著。 明帝泰始七年，興宗欲舉山陰孔仲智子為望計，原平次息為望孝。 仲智會土高門，原平一邦至行，欲以相敵。 會明帝別敕用人，故二選並寢。 興宗征還都，表其殊行，舉為太學博士。 會興宗薨，事不行。 卒於家。 三子一弟，並有門行。
In Kuaiji commandery the prestigious offices of wangji and wangxiao were reserved for eminent clans whose standing rivaled the Mi and Zhu families. In the seventh year of Taishi of Emperor Ming, Xingzong wished to nominate Kong Zhongzhi's son of Shanyin as wangji and Yuanping's second son as wangxiao. Zhongzhi came from a great house in the capital region, while Yuanping's family represented the highest conduct in the commandery; Xingzong wished to pair them as equals. But Emperor Ming issued a separate edict on appointments, so both nominations were set aside. When Xingzong was recalled to the capital he submitted a memorial praising Yuanping's extraordinary conduct and recommended him as Erudite of the Imperial Academy. But Xingzong died before the appointment could be made. He died at home. His three sons and one younger brother all upheld the family's reputation for virtue.
15
嚴世期，會稽山陰人也。 性好施，同里張邁等三人妻各產子，歲饑，欲棄而不舉。 世期分食解衣以贍其乏，三子並得成長。 同縣俞陽妻莊年九十，莊女蘭七十，並老病無所依，世期飴之二十年，死並殯葬。 宗親嚴弘、鄉人潘伯等十五人，荒年並餓死，露骸不收。 世期買棺殯埋，存育孩幼。 宋元嘉四年，有司奏榜門曰：「義行嚴氏之門」。 復其身徭役，蠲租稅十年。
Yan Shiqi was a native of Shanyin in Kuaiji. He was generous by nature; the wives of Zhang Mai and two other men in his lane each gave birth during a famine year and wished to abandon their infants. Shiqi shared his food and gave them his clothes to relieve their want, and all three children grew to adulthood. In the same county, Zhuang, wife of Yu Yang, was ninety and her daughter Lan was seventy; both were old and ill with no one to care for them; Shiqi supported them for twenty years and buried them when they died. Fifteen kinsmen and fellow villagers including Yan Hong and Pan Bo starved to death in the famine year, their bodies left unburied. Shiqi bought coffins and buried them, and took in and raised the surviving children. In the fourth year of Yuanjia of Song the authorities memorialized to post a placard on his gate reading "The Gate of the Yan Family's Righteous Conduct." His personal labor service was remitted and his rent and taxes were exempted for ten years.
16
吳逵，吳興烏程人也。 經荒饑饉，系以疾疫，父母兄嫂及群從小功之親男女死者十三人，逵時病困，鄰里以葦席裹之，埋於村側。 既而親屬皆盡，唯逵夫妻獲全。 家徒四壁立，冬無被褲，晝則傭賃，夜則伐木燒磚，妻亦同逵此誠，無有懈倦。 逵夜行遇猛獸，猛獸輒下道避之。 期年中成七墓，葬十三棺，鄰里嘉之。 葬日，悉出赴助，送終之事，亦儉而周禮。 逵時逆取鄰人夫直，葬畢，眾悉以放之，逵一無所受，皆傭力報答焉。 太守張崇之三加禮命，太守王韶之擢補功曹史。 逵以門寒，固辭不就。 舉為孝廉。
Wu Kui was a native of Wucheng in Wuxing. After famine came pestilence; his parents, sister-in-law, and collateral kin within the lesser mourning grade—thirteen men and women in all—died; Kui himself lay gravely ill, and neighbors wrapped the bodies in reed mats and buried them beside the village. Before long all his relatives perished; only Kui and his wife were left alive. Their home was stripped bare; in winter they had no bedding; by day they hired themselves out, by night they felled timber and fired bricks, and his wife shared Kui's devotion without ever tiring. When Kui traveled at night and met wild beasts, the beasts always stepped off the path to avoid him. Within a year he built seven tombs and buried thirteen coffins, and the neighbors praised him. On the burial day everyone came to help; the funeral was frugal yet fully in keeping with the rites. Kui had borrowed neighbors' labor in advance; when the burial was finished they all wished to forgive his debt, but he accepted nothing and repaid every obligation with his own work. Prefect Zhang Chongzhi summoned him three times with honors; Prefect Wang Shaozhi promoted him to clerk for recording merit. Kui, considering his family too humble, firmly declined office. He was nominated as a Filial and Incorrupt candidate.
17
潘綜，吳興烏程人也。 孫恩之亂，祅黨攻破村邑，綜與父驃共走避賊。 驃年老行遲，賊轉逼驃。 驃語綜：「我不能去，汝走可脫，幸勿俱死。」 驃困乏坐地，綜迎賊叩頭曰：「父年老，乞賜生命。」 賊至，驃亦請賊曰：「兒年少自能走，今為老子不去。 老子不惜死，乞活此兒。」 賊因斫驃，綜抱父于腹下，賊斫綜頭面凡四創，綜當時悶絕。 有一賊從傍來相謂曰：「卿欲舉大事，此兒以死救父，云何可殺？ 殺孝子不祥。」 賊乃止，父子並得免。 鄉人秘書監丘系祖、廷尉沈赤黔以綜異行，薦補左戶令史，除遂昌長。 歲滿還家，太守王韶之臨郡，發教列上州台，陳其行跡。 及將行，設祖道，贈以四言詩。 元嘉四年，有司奏改其裏為純孝裏，蠲租布三世。
Pan Zong was a native of Wucheng in Wuxing. During Sun En's rebellion, the cultists raided villages; Zong fled with his father Biao to escape the rebels. Biao was elderly and walked slowly, and the rebels closed in on him. Biao told Zong, "I cannot go on—you run and can escape; do not let us both die." Biao, exhausted, sat down; Zong met the rebels and kowtowed, saying, "My father is old—please spare his life" When the rebels arrived, Biao pleaded as well, "The boy is young and could have run away; now he stays for this old man I do not begrudge death—please let this boy live" The rebels then struck at Biao; Zong shielded his father against his chest; they cut Zong's head and face four times, and he fainted on the spot. One rebel said to another, "You mean to accomplish a great undertaking—this boy would die to save his father; how can you kill him To kill a filial son brings ill fortune." The rebels then stopped, and father and son both survived. His fellow townsman Qiu Xizu, Director of the Secretariat, and Shen Chiqian, Minister of Justice, because of Zong's extraordinary conduct recommended him as Left Household Clerk and appointed him magistrate of Suichang. When his term ended he returned home; Prefect Wang Shaozhi took office, issued an instruction reporting his conduct to the provincial and central authorities. When Zong was about to leave, the prefect held a farewell feast and presented him with a poem in four-character lines. In the fourth year of Yuanjia the authorities memorialized to rename his neighborhood the Lane of Pure Filial Piety and to exempt three generations from rent and cloth levies.
18
又宋初吳郡人陳遺，少為郡吏，母好食槍底飯。 遺在役，恒帶一囊，每煮食輒錄其焦以貽母。 後孫恩亂，聚得數升，恒帶自隨。 及敗逃竄，多有餓死，遺以此得活。 母晝夜泣涕，目為失明，耳無所聞。 遺還入戶，再拜號咽，母豁然即明。
Also in early Song, Chen Yi of Wu commandery served as a commandery clerk in his youth; his mother loved to eat the crisp rice crust from the bottom of the pot. While on corvée duty he always carried a pouch; whenever food was cooked he saved the scorched crust to send to his mother. Later during Sun En's rebellion he gathered several sheng of the crust and always carried it with him. When the rebels were defeated and fled in disorder, many starved to death; Yi survived on what he had saved. His mother wept day and night until she went blind and deaf. When Yi returned home, bowed twice, and wailed aloud, his mother's sight was suddenly restored.
19
後又有河南孝廉秦綿，遭母喪，送葬不忍復還，鄉人為作茅庵，仍止其中。 若遇有米則食粥，無米食菜而已。 哀號之聲，行者為之潸淚。 服訖猶不還家，遇疾不療，卒。 臨亡，告人曰：「若死者無知，固不宜獨存，有知則大獲吾志。」
Later there was also Qin Mian of Henan, a Filial and Incorrupt candidate; after his mother's burial he could not bear to return home, so the villagers built him a thatched hut and he lived there. When he had rice he ate gruel; when he had none he ate only vegetables. The sound of his wailing moved passersby to tears. When the mourning period ended he still did not return home; he fell ill, refused treatment, and died. On his deathbed he told others, "If the dead have no awareness, it is wrong to remain alive alone; if they do have awareness, then I have fully achieved my purpose."
20
張進之，永嘉安固人也。 為郡大族，少有志行，曆五官主簿，永甯安固二縣領校尉。 家世富足，經荒年，散財救贍鄉里，遂以貧罄，全濟者甚多。 太守王味之有罪，當見收，逃避進之家，供奉經時，盡其誠力。 味之嘗避地墮水沈沒，進之投水拯救，相與沈淪，久而得免。
Zhang Jinzhi was a native of Angu in Yongjia. He came from a great clan of the commandery; from youth he showed moral resolve; he served as chief clerk in the Five Offices and as garrison commandant in Yongning and Angu counties. His family had been wealthy for generations; during a famine he gave away his wealth to relieve the countryside, leaving himself destitute, yet many whom he aided survived. Prefect Wang Weizhi, guilty and facing arrest, fled to Jinzhi's home; Jinzhi sheltered and supported him for a long time with all his strength. Weizhi once fell into the water while fleeing and sank; Jinzhi jumped in to save him; both went under together and only after a long struggle reached safety.
21
時劫掠充斥，每入村抄暴，至進之門，輒相約勒，不得侵犯，其信義所感如此。 元嘉初，詔在所蠲其徭役。
Banditry was rampant; whenever raiders entered villages to plunder, at Jinzhi's gate they bound one another by agreement not to harm his household—such was the power of his integrity. Early in Yuanjia an edict exempted him from corvée labor in his district.
22
又孫恩之亂，永嘉太守司馬逸之被害，妻子並死。 兵寇之際，莫敢收藏，郡吏俞僉以家財冒難棺斂逸之等六喪送致都。 葬畢，乃歸鄉里。 元嘉中老病卒。
Also during Sun En's rebellion, Yongjia Prefect Sima Yizhi was murdered, and his wife and children all perished. In the chaos of war no one dared to bury them; commandery clerk Yu Qian spent his family wealth, braved the danger, coffined the six dead including Yizhi, and sent them to the capital. After the burial was complete he returned to his village. He died of old age and illness during the Yuanjia era.
23
時又有益州梓潼人張楚，母疾，命在屬纊，楚祈禱苦至，燒指自誓，精誠感悟，疾時得愈。 見榜門曰：「孝行張氏之閭」，易其裏為孝行裏。 蠲租布三世，身加旌命。
At the time there was also Zhang Chu of Zitong in Yizhou; his mother lay gravely ill; Chu prayed with desperate fervor, burned his finger in vow, and through sincere devotion moved heaven—her illness was soon cured. A placard was posted on his gate reading "The Lane of the Zhang Family's Filial Conduct," and his neighborhood was renamed the Lane of Filial Conduct. Rent and cloth levies were exempted for three generations, and he personally received imperial honors and appointment.
24
丘傑字偉跱，吳興烏程人也。 十四遭母喪，以熟菜有味，不嚐於口。 歲餘忽夢見母曰：「死止是分別耳，何事乃爾荼苦。 汝噉生菜，遇蝦蟆毒，靈床前有三丸藥可取服之。」 傑驚起，果得甌，甌中有藥，服之下科斗子數升。 丘氏世保此甌。 大明七年，災火焚失之。
Qiu Jie, styled Weizhi, was a native of Wucheng in Wuxing. At fourteen he lost his mother; because cooked food had flavor, he would not taste it during mourning. After more than a year he dreamed his mother said, "Death is only separation—why torment yourself so bitterly You ate raw vegetables and were poisoned by a toad; before the spirit couch are three pills of medicine—take them." Jie woke in alarm, found a bowl as foretold, took the medicine, and voided several sheng of tadpoles. The Qiu clan preserved this bowl for generations. In the seventh year of Daming a catastrophic fire burned and destroyed it.
25
師覺授字覺授，南陽涅陽人也。 與外兄宗少文並有素業，以琴書自娛。 于路忽見一人持書一函，題曰：「至孝師君苫前」。 俄而不見。 舍車奔歸，聞家哭聲，一叫而絕，良久乃蘇。 後撰孝子傳八卷。 宋臨川王義慶辟為州祭酒、主簿，並不就。 乃表薦之，會卒。
Shi Jueshou, styled Jueshou, was a native of Niyang in Nanyang. He and his cousin by marriage Zong Shaowen were both accomplished scholars who amused themselves with the zither and books. On the road he suddenly saw a man holding a letter case inscribed "Utmost Filial Piety—before Master Shi's mourning hut." In a moment the figure vanished. He abandoned his carriage and ran home; hearing weeping in the house, he cried out once and collapsed, reviving only after a long while. Later he compiled eight scrolls of Biographies of Filial Sons. Prince Yiqing of Linchuan recruited him as provincial Libationer and chief clerk; he declined both posts. The prince then submitted a memorial recommending him, but Jueshou died before the appointment could be made.
26
王彭，盱眙直瀆人也。 少喪母，元嘉初，父又喪亡。 家貧力弱，無以營葬。 兄弟二人，晝則傭力，夜則號感，鄉里並哀之，乃各出夫力助作磚。 磚須水而天旱，穿井數十丈，泉不出。 墓處去淮五里，荷擔遠汲，困而不周。 彭號天自訴，如此積日。 一旦大霧，霧歇，磚灶前忽生泉水，鄉鄰助之者並嗟神異，縣邑近遠悉往觀之。 葬竟，水便自竭。 元嘉九年，太守劉伯龍依事表言，改其裏為通靈裏，蠲租布三世。
Wang Peng was a native of Zhidu in Xuyi. He lost his mother in youth; early in Yuanjia his father died as well. The family was poor and weak; they had no means to arrange the burial. The two brothers hired themselves out by day and wailed through the night; the village pitied them and each household contributed labor to help make bricks. Bricks require water, but a drought had struck; they dug a well tens of zhang deep, yet no spring appeared. The grave site was five li from the Huai; carrying buckets they drew water from far away, exhausted and unable to keep up. Peng cried out to heaven in appeal, day after day. One day a great fog arose; when it cleared, a spring suddenly appeared before the brick kiln; neighbors who had helped marveled at the miracle, and people from near and far in the district came to see. When the burial was finished, the spring dried up of its own accord. In the ninth year of Yuanjia Prefect Liu Bolong submitted a memorial on the matter; his neighborhood was renamed the Lane of Spirit Communication and rent and cloth were exempted for three generations.
27
蔣恭，義興臨津人也。 元嘉中，晉陵蔣崇平為劫見禽，雲與恭妻弟吳晞張為侶。 晞張先行不在，本村遇水，妻息避水，移寄恭家。 時錄晞張不獲，禽收恭及兄協付獄科罪。 恭、協並款舍住晞張家口，而不知劫情。 恭列晞張妻息是婦之親，親今有罪，恭身甘分，求免兄協。 協列是戶主，求免弟恭。 兄弟二人爭求受罪，郡縣不能判，依事上詳。 州議以為並不合罪。 後除恭義成令，協義招令。
Jiang Gong was a native of Linjin in Yixing. During Yuanjia, Jiang Chongping of Jinling was captured as a bandit and said he was accomplice to Gong's brother-in-law Wu Xizhang. Xizhang had left earlier and was absent; his village was flooded, and his wife and children fled to Gong's home for shelter. Xizhang could not be captured; Gong and his elder brother Xie were arrested and sent to prison for sentencing. Gong and Xie both confessed to sheltering Xizhang's family but denied knowledge of the robbery. Gong stated that Xizhang's wife and children were his wife's relatives; since kin were now guilty, he would gladly accept punishment himself and begged to spare his brother Xie. Xie stated that as head of household he should bear guilt and begged to spare his younger brother Gong. The two brothers each insisted on taking the punishment; the county and commandery could not decide and referred the case upward. The province ruled that neither brother was guilty. Later Gong was appointed magistrate of Yicheng and Xie magistrate of Yizhao.
28
徐耕，晉陵延陵人也。 元嘉二十一年，大旱人饑，耕詣縣陳辭，以米千斛助官振貸。 縣為言上，當時議以耕比漢卜式。 詔書褒美，酬以縣令。
Xu Geng was a native of Yanling in Jinling. In the twenty-first year of Yuanjia, during severe drought and famine, Geng went to the magistrate and offered a thousand hu of rice to help the government provide relief. The county reported the matter upward; contemporaries compared Geng to Bu Shi of the Han dynasty. An imperial edict praised him and rewarded him with the post of county magistrate.
29
大明八年，東土饑旱，東海嚴成、東莞王道蓋各以私穀五百餘斛助官振恤。
In the eighth year of Daming the eastern regions suffered famine and drought; Yan Cheng of Donghai and Wang Daogai of Dongguan each contributed more than five hundred hu of private grain to aid government relief.
30
孫法宗一名宗之，吳興人也。 父隨孫恩入海澨被害，屍骸不收，母兄並餓死。 法宗年小流迸，至十六方得還。 單身勤苦，霜行草宿，營辦棺槨，造立塚墓，葬送母兄，儉而有禮。 以父屍不測，入海尋求。 聞世間論是至親以血瀝骨當悉漬浸，乃操刀沿海見枯骸則刻肉灌血，如此十餘年，臂脛無完皮，血脈枯竭，終不能逢。 遂衰絰終身，常居墓所，山禽野獸，皆悉馴附。 每麋鹿觸網，必解放之，償以錢物。 後忽苦頭創，夜有女人至曰：「我是天使來相謝，行創本不關善人，使者遠相及。 取牛糞煮傅之即驗。」 一傅便差，一境賴之。 終身不娶，饋遺無所受。 宋孝武初，揚州辟為文學從事，不就，卒。
Sun Fazong, also called Zongzhi, was a native of Wuxing. His father followed Sun En to the coastal marshes and was killed; his body was never recovered; his mother and elder brother both starved to death. Fazong was still a child when he fled in the chaos and did not return until he was sixteen. Alone he labored through hardship, traveling in frost and sleeping in the open, preparing coffins and building graves, burying his mother and brother with frugal but proper ceremony. Because his father's body was lost, he went to sea to search for it. He heard that when the closest kin drip blood on bone the bones will absorb it fully; he took a knife along the coast and whenever he found dry bones he cut his flesh and poured blood on them; for more than ten years his arms and legs had no unbroken skin and his blood ran dry, yet he never found his father. He wore mourning garb for life and lived constantly at the grave; mountain birds and wild beasts all became tame around him. Whenever deer were caught in a net he always released them and compensated the hunter with money or goods. Later he suddenly suffered a head wound; at night a woman came and said, "I am a heavenly messenger come to thank you; the wound on the road was not meant for a good man—the messenger came from far away to reach you Take cow dung, boil it, and apply it as a poultice—it will work at once." With one application he was cured, and the whole district came to rely on the remedy. He never married and refused every gift offered to him. Early in Emperor Xiaowu's reign, Yangzhou recruited him as a literary aide; he declined and died.
31
范叔孫，吳郡錢唐人也。 少而仁厚，周窮濟急。 同里范法先父母兄弟七人同時疫死，唯餘法先，病又危篤，喪屍經月不收。 叔孫悉備棺器，親為殯埋。 又同里施夫疾病，父死不殯。 范苗父子並亡。 范敬宗家口六人俱得病，二人喪沒，親鄰畏遠，莫敢營視。 叔孫並為殯瘞，躬恤病者，並皆得全。 鄉曲貴其義行，莫有呼其名者。 宋孝武孝建初，除竟陵王國中軍，不就。 義興吳國夫亦有義讓之美，人有竊其稻者，乃引還，為設酒食，以米送之。
Fan Shusun was a native of Qiantang in Wu commandery. From youth he was benevolent and generous, always helping the poor and those in distress. In his lane Fan Faxian's parents, brothers, and seven kin died of pestilence at once; only Faxian survived, gravely ill, with the corpses unburied for a month. Shusun prepared coffins and burial goods and personally buried them all. Also in his lane Shi Fu lay ill while his father's body remained unburied. Fan Miao and his father both died. All six members of Fan Jingzong's household fell ill; two died; relatives and neighbors were afraid to approach and dared not care for them. Shusun buried the dead, personally nursed the sick, and all of them survived. The countryside honored his righteous conduct; no one addressed him by his personal name out of respect. Early in the Xiaojian era of Emperor Xiaowu he was appointed Central Army of the Kingdom of Jingling; he declined. Wu Guofu of Yixing was also known for righteous forbearance; when someone stole his rice he brought the thief back, offered food and drink, and sent him away with a gift of rice.
32
卜天與，吳興余杭人也。 父名祖，宋武帝聞其有幹力，召補隊主。 從征伐，封關中侯，曆二縣令。 天與善射，弓力兼倍，容貌嚴毅，笑不解顏。 文帝以其舊將子，使教皇子射。 元嘉二十九年，為廣威將軍，領左細仗。 元凶入弑，事變倉卒，舊將羅訓、徐罕皆望風屈附。 天與不暇被甲，執刀持弓，疾呼左右出戰。 徐罕曰：「殿下入，汝欲何為？」 天與罵曰：「殿下常來去，云何即時方作此語，只汝是賊手。」 射劭於東堂，幾中。 逆徒擊之，臂斷，乃見殺。 其隊將張弘之、朱道欽、陳滿與天與同出拒戰，並死。 孝武即位，贈天與龍驤將軍、益州刺史，諡曰壯侯，車駕臨哭。 弘之等各贈郡守。 給天與家長稟。
Bu Tianyu was a native of Yuhang in Wuxing. His father Zu was summoned by Emperor Wu of Song, who had heard of his capability, and appointed squad chief. He followed on campaigns, was enfeoffed as Marquis of Guanzhong, and served as magistrate of two counties. Tianyu was skilled at archery, had twice the strength for drawing a bow, and was stern and resolute in appearance, never relaxing his face in laughter. Because he was the son of an old general, Emperor Wen had him teach the imperial sons archery. In the twenty-ninth year of Yuanjia, he became General of Broad Might and commanded the Left Fine Guard. When the chief criminal entered and committed regicide, events changed suddenly; the old generals Luo Xun and Xu Han both submitted as soon as they saw the way things were going. Tianyu had no time to put on armor; he grasped a blade and held a bow, urgently calling the attendants to go out and fight. Xu Han said, "His Highness has entered; what do you intend to do?" Tianyu cursed him, saying, "His Highness has always come and gone; how can you now say such words? You are the rebel's hand." He shot at Shao in the eastern hall and nearly hit him. The rebel followers struck him, severed his arm, and he was then killed. His unit commanders Zhang Hongzhi, Zhu Daoqin, and Chen Man went out with Tianyu to resist and fight, and all died. When Xiaowu ascended the throne, he posthumously granted Tianyu the titles General Who Rears Like a Dragon and Inspector of Yizhou, gave him the posthumous title Marquis Zhuang, and came in person to mourn. Hongzhi and the others were each posthumously granted commandery governorships. Tianyu's family was given a long-term stipend.
33
子伯宗殿中將軍。 明帝泰始初領幢，擊南賊於赭圻，戰沒。 伯宗弟伯興官至南平昌太守、直合，領細仗隊主。 升明元年，與袁粲同謀伏誅。
His son Bozong became a General of the Palace. Early in Taishi of Emperor Ming he led the banner guard, attacked southern rebels at Zheqi, and fell in battle. Bozong's younger brother Boxing rose to prefect of Nanpingchang and Attendant at the Inner Gate, commanding the fine-armed guard. In the first year of Shengming he joined Yuan Can in a conspiracy and was executed.
34
天與弟天生，少為隊將，十人同火。 屋後有一坑廣二丈餘，十人共跳之皆度，唯天生墜。 天生乃取實中苦竹，剡其端使利，交橫布坑內，更呼等類共跳，並懼不敢。 天生乃復跳之，往反十餘，曾無留礙，眾並嘆服。 以兄死節，為孝武所留心。 大明末，為弋陽太守。 明帝泰始初，與殷琰同逆被斬。
Tianyu's younger brother Tiansheng served as a squad captain in his youth and shared quarters with ten men. Behind the house was a pit more than two zhang wide; all ten jumped across together, but only Tiansheng fell in. Tiansheng took solid bitter bamboo, sharpened the ends, laid them crosswise in the pit, and called his comrades to jump again; all were afraid and refused. Tiansheng jumped again himself, back and forth more than ten times without a stumble, and all marveled. Because his elder brother had died for loyalty, Emperor Xiaowu took note of him. Late in the Daming era he served as prefect of Yiyang. Early in Taishi of Emperor Ming he joined Yin Yan in rebellion and was beheaded.
35
許昭先，義興人也。 叔父肇之坐事系獄，七年不判。 子侄二十許人，昭先家最貧薄，專獨料訴，無日在家，餉饋肇之，莫非珍新。 資產既盡，賣宅以充之。 肇之諸子倦怠，唯昭先無有懈息，如是七載。 尚書沈演之嘉其操行，肇之事由此得釋。 昭先舅夫妻並疫病死亡，家貧無以殯送，昭先賣衣物以營殯葬。 舅子三人並幼，贍護皆得成長。 昭先父母皆老病，家無僮役，竭力致養，甘旨必從。 宗黨嘉其孝行。 雍州刺史劉真道板為征虜參軍，昭先以親老不就； 補迎主簿，昭先以叔未仕，又固辭。
Xu Zhaoxian was a native of Yixing. His uncle Zhaozhi was imprisoned on a charge; seven years passed without a verdict. Among twenty or so sons and nephews, Zhaoxian's family was the poorest; he alone managed the legal appeal, was never home, and supplied Zhaozhi with food—always the finest and freshest. When his assets were exhausted he sold his house to cover the costs. Zhaozhi's sons grew weary, but only Zhaoxian never slackened—for seven years straight. Minister Shen Yanzhi praised his conduct, and Zhaozhi was released as a result. Zhaoxian's uncle and aunt both died of pestilence; the family was too poor to bury them, so Zhaoxian sold his clothing to arrange the funeral. The uncle's three young sons he supported and raised to adulthood. Zhaoxian's parents were both old and ill; with no servants in the house he strained every effort to support them and always provided whatever delicacies they wished. The clan praised his filial devotion. Liu Zhendao, Inspector of Yongzhou, appointed him staff officer for campaigning against the barbarians; Zhaoxian declined because his parents were elderly; he was then appointed chief clerk for reception; Zhaoxian declined again because his uncle had not yet taken office.
36
余齊人，晉陵晉陵人也。 少有孝行，為邑書吏。 宋大明二年，父殖在家病亡，信未至。 齊人謂人曰：「比肉痛心煩，有如割截。 居常惶駭，必有異故。」 信尋至，以父病報之。 四百餘里，一日而至。 至門，方知父死，號踴慟絕，良久乃蘇。 問父所遺言，母曰：「汝父臨終，恨不見汝。」 齊人即曰：「相見何難。」 於是號叫殯所，須臾便絕。 州縣上言，有司奏改其裏為孝義裏，蠲租布，賜其母穀百斛。
Yu Qiren was a native of Jinling in Jinling commandery. From youth he was known for filial devotion and served as a district clerk. In the second year of Daming of Song his father Zhi died of illness at home before word reached him. Qiren told someone, "Lately my flesh aches and my heart is troubled, as though I were being cut apart I live in constant fear—something terrible must have happened." Word soon arrived reporting his father's illness. More than four hundred li away—he covered the distance in a single day. At the gate he learned his father was dead; he wailed and stamped until he collapsed, reviving only after a long while. He asked his father's last words; his mother said, "At the end your father regretted not seeing you." Qiren at once said, "How hard can it be to meet him" He then cried out at the burial place and in a moment died. The province and county reported the matter; the authorities memorialized to rename his neighborhood the Lane of Filial Piety and Righteousness, exempt rent and cloth, and grant his mother a hundred hu of grain.
37
孫棘，彭城人也。 宋大明五年，發三五丁，弟薩應充行，坐違期不至。 棘詣郡辭列：「棘為家長，令弟不行，罪應百死，乞以身代薩。」 薩又辭列自引。 太守張岱疑其不實，以棘、薩各置一處，報云：「聽其相代」。 顏色並悅，甘心赴死。 棘妻許又寄語屬棘：「君當門戶，豈可委罪小郎？ 且大家臨亡，以小郎屬君。 竟未妻娶，家道不立。 君已有二兒，死復何恨。」 岱依事表上，孝武詔特原罪。 州加辟命，並賜帛二十疋。
Sun Ji was a native of Pengcheng. In the fifth year of Daming of Song, when levies were called, his younger brother Sa was due to serve but failed to report by the deadline. Ji went to the commandery and stated, "I am head of household and kept my brother from going—the crime deserves death; I beg to take Sa's place.' Sa also submitted a statement taking the guilt upon himself. Prefect Zhang Dai doubted their sincerity; he placed Ji and Sa in separate cells and announced, "Let them substitute for each other." Both looked pleased and were willing to die. Ji's wife Xu You sent word to him, "You bear the household—how can you shift the guilt to your younger brother Moreover the elders on their deathbed entrusted the younger brother to you He has not yet married or established the family line You already have two sons—what regret is there in dying." Dai submitted a memorial on the matter; Emperor Xiaowu issued an edict specially pardoning them. The province offered them appointments and granted each twenty bolts of silk.
38
先是，新蔡徐元妻許二十一喪夫，子甄年三歲，父攬湣其年少，以更適同縣張買。 許自誓不行，父逼載送買。 許自經氣絕，家人奔赴，良久乃蘇。 買夜送還攬。 許歸徐氏，養元父季。 元嘉中，八十餘卒。
Earlier, Xu Yuan's widow Xu of Xincai was twenty-one when her husband died; her son Zhen was three; her father Lan pitied her youth and arranged her remarriage to Zhang Mai of the same county. Xu vowed she would not go; her father forced her into a cart and sent her to Zhang Mai. Xu hanged herself and stopped breathing; her family rushed to her and after a long while she revived. Zhang Mai sent her back to her father that night. Xu returned to the Xu clan and supported Yuan's father Ji. She died in the Yuanjia era at over eighty years of age.
39
又明帝泰始二年，長城吳慶恩殺同郡錢仲期。 子延慶屬役在都，聞父死馳還，於庾浦埭逢慶恩，手刃殺之，自系烏程獄。 吳興太守郗顒表不加罪，許之。
Also in the second year of Taishi of Emperor Ming, Wu Qing'en of Changcheng killed Qian Zhongqi of the same commandery. His son Yanqing was on corvée duty in the capital; hearing of his father's death he raced home; at Yupu Dam he met Qing'en and killed him with his own hand, then surrendered to Wucheng prison. Prefect Xi Yan of Wuxing memorialized that he should not be punished; the request was granted.
40
何子平，廬江灊人也。 曾祖楷，晉侍中。 祖友，會稽王道子驃騎諮議參軍。 父子先，建安太守。
He Ziping was a native of Qian in Lujiang. His great-grandfather Kai was Attendant-in-Ordinary of Jin. His grandfather You was consulting staff officer to Prince Daozi of Kuaiji, Rapid Cavalry General. His father Zixian was prefect of Jian'an.
41
子平世居會稽，少有志行，事母至孝。 揚州辟從事史，月奉得白米，輒貨巿粟麥。 人曰：「所利無幾，何足為煩。」 子平曰：「尊老在東，不辦得米，何心獨饗白粲。」 每有贈鮮肴者，若不可寄致至家，則不肯受。 母本側庶，籍注失實，實未及養，而籍年已滿，便去職歸家。 時鎮軍將軍顧覬之為州上綱，謂曰：「尊上年實未八十，親故所知，州中差有微祿，當啟相留。」 子平曰：「公家正取信黃籍，籍年既至，便應扶侍，何容苟冒榮利。」 乃歸家竭力供養。
Ziping's family had long lived in Kuaiji; from youth he showed moral resolve and served his mother with the utmost devotion. Yangzhou recruited him as attendant secretary; his monthly salary was paid in white rice, which he always sold for millet and wheat in the market. Someone said, "The profit is slight—why go to the trouble." Ziping said, "My elders are in the east and cannot obtain rice—how could I enjoy white grain alone" Whenever anyone gave him fresh delicacies, if they could not be sent home to his mother he refused them. His mother had been a concubine; the household register was inaccurate; she was not yet old enough to require support by the true count, but the register showed the age fulfilled, so he resigned and returned home. At the time General of the Garrison Army Gu Kanzhi was the province's chief official and told him, "Your mother is not truly eighty yet—relatives know this; the province has a modest salary available—I will petition to keep you." Ziping said, "The government rightly trusts the household register; once the register age is reached one must go to support one's parent—how can one grasp at office and profit" He then returned home and devoted all his strength to supporting her.
42
元嘉三十年，元凶弑逆，隨王誕入討，以為行參軍。 子平以凶逆滅理，故廢己受職，事甯自解。 末除吳郡海虞令，縣祿唯供養母一身，不以及妻子。 人疑其儉薄，子平曰：「希祿本在養親，不在為己。」 問者慚而退。 母喪去官，哀毀踰禮，每至哭踴，頓絕方蘇。 屬大明末東土饑荒，繼以師旅，八年不得營葬。 晝夜號哭，常如袒括之日。 冬不衣絮，暑避清涼，一日以數合米為粥，不進鹽菜。 所居屋敗，不蔽風日，兄子伯興欲為葺理，子平不肯，曰：「我情事未申，天地一罪人耳，屋何宜覆。」 蔡興宗為會稽太守，甚加矜賞，為營塚壙。
In the thirtieth year of Yuanjia the crown prince committed regicide; Prince Dan of Sui marched to suppress the rebellion and appointed Ziping as a marching staff officer. Ziping held that the traitor had violated all moral principle and therefore resigned the office he had accepted; when peace was restored he left of his own accord. Later he was appointed magistrate of Haiyu in Wu commandery; his county salary supported only his mother and did not extend to his wife and children. People suspected him of stinginess; Ziping said, "I sought salary to support my parent, not for myself." The questioner withdrew in shame. When his mother died he resigned office; his grief exceeded the rites; whenever he wailed and stamped he collapsed and only revived after a time. Late in Daming the eastern lands suffered famine, followed by warfare; for eight years he could not arrange the burial. Day and night he wailed, always as on the first day of mourning. In winter he wore no padded clothes; in summer he avoided cool places; each day he made gruel from a few he of rice and ate no salt or vegetables. His dwelling was ruined and gave no shelter from wind and sun; his nephew Boxing wished to repair it; Ziping refused, saying, "My grief is not yet fulfilled—I am but a criminal under heaven; how should I have a roof over my head." Cai Xingzong, prefect of Kuaiji, greatly admired him and arranged the tomb mound for him.
43
子平居喪毀甚，及免喪，殆至不立。 幼持操檢，敦厲名行，雖處闇室，如接大賓。 學義堅明，處之以默，安貧守善，不求榮進。 好退之士彌以此貴之。 卒年六十。
Ziping was so wasted by mourning that when the period ended he could barely stand. From youth he held himself to strict discipline and cultivated his reputation; even alone in a dark room he conducted himself as though receiving an honored guest. His learning was firm and clear; he lived in quiet, content in poverty and holding to virtue, seeking neither glory nor advancement. Men who valued withdrawal esteemed him all the more for it. He died at the age of sixty.
44
崔懷順，清河東武城人也。 父邪利，魯郡太守，宋元嘉中為魏所獲。 懷順與妻房氏篤愛，聞父見虜，即日遣妻，布衣蔬食如居喪禮，歲時北向流涕。 邪利後仕魏，書戒懷順不許如此。 懷順得書更號泣。 懷順從叔模為滎陽太守，亦入魏，模子雖居處改節，不廢婚宦。 宋大明中，懷順宗人冀州刺史元孫北使魏，魏人問之曰：「崔邪利、模並力屈歸命，二家子侄出處不同，義將安在？」 元孫曰：「王尊驅驥，王陽回車，欲令忠孝並弘，臣子兩遂。」
Cui Huaishun was a native of Dongwucheng in Qinghe. His father Xieli was prefect of Lu commandery; during the Yuanjia era of Song he was captured by Wei. Huaishun and his wife Lady Fang were deeply devoted; when he learned his father was a captive, that very day he sent his wife away, wore mourning clothes and ate plain food, and each year wept facing north. Xieli later served Wei and wrote forbidding Huaishun to act thus. Huaishun received the letter and wept all the more. Huaishun's uncle Mo was prefect of Xingyang and also went over to Wei; Mo's son, though he adapted to life there, did not abandon marriage and office. In Daming of Song, Huaishun's clansman Yuan Sun, Inspector of Jizhou, went north as envoy to Wei; the Wei people asked him, "Cui Xieli and Mo both submitted when overcome—yet their sons and nephews take different paths; where does righteousness lie." Yuan Sun said, "Wang Zun drove out the steed and Wang Yang turned the carriage back—wishing to fulfill both loyalty and filial piety, both as subject and as son."
45
泰始初，淮北入魏，懷順因此歸北，至代都而邪利已卒，懷順絕而後蘇，載喪還青州。 徒跣冰雪，土氣寒酷，而手足不傷，時人以為孝感。 喪畢，以弟在南，齊建元初又逃歸，而弟已亡。 懷順孤貧，宗黨哀之，日斂給其斗米。 永明中卒。
Early in Taishi, when the Huai north bank fell to Wei, Huaishun returned north; reaching the Wei capital, Xieli had already died; Huaishun collapsed and revived, then carried the coffin back to Qingzhou. Barefoot through ice and snow in bitter cold, his hands and feet were unharmed; contemporaries attributed it to filial devotion moving heaven. After the mourning period, because his younger brother was in the south, he fled back at the beginning of Jianyuan of Qi, but his brother had already died. Huaishun was orphaned and poor; the clan pitied him and each day collected a dou of rice for him. He died during the Yongming era.
46
王虛之字文靜，廬江石陽人也。 十三喪母，三十三喪父，二十五年鹽酢不入口。 疾病著床，忽有一人來問疾，謂之曰：「君病尋差。」 俄而不見，病果尋差。 庭中楊梅樹隆冬三實，又每夜所居有光如燭，墓上橘樹一冬再實，時人咸以為孝感所致。 齊永明中，詔榜門，蠲其三世。
Wang Xuzhi, styled Wenjing, was a native of Shiyang in Lujiang. He lost his mother at thirteen and his father at thirty-three; for twenty-five years he ate no salt or dairy. Ill and bedridden, suddenly a man came to inquire after him and said, "Your illness will soon improve." In a moment he vanished; the illness indeed soon improved. A bayberry in the courtyard bore three fruits in deep winter; each night his dwelling shone like a candle; an orange tree on the grave bore fruit twice in one winter—all were attributed to filial devotion. During Yongming of Qi an edict posted at his gate exempted taxes for three generations.
47
時又有顧昌衍、江柔之、江軻並以篤行知名。 昌衍吳人，居喪幾致滅性。 王儉言之天子曰：「昌衍既有至行，且張永之甥，宜居禮闈，以光郎署。」 乃以為尚書庫部郎。 柔之、軻並濟陽人。 柔之字叔遠，孝悌通亮，亦至台郎。 軻字伯倫，貞嚴有行。 宗人江概位至侍中，性豪侈，唯見軻則敬挹焉。
At the time Gu Changyan, Jiang Rouzhi, and Jiang Ke were also famed for steadfast conduct. Changyan was from Wu; in mourning he nearly destroyed himself. Wang Jian told the emperor, "Changyan has the utmost conduct and is a nephew of Zhang Yong—he should serve in the ritual offices to honor the secretariat." He was therefore appointed clerk in the Treasury Department of the Secretariat. Rouzhi and Ke were both natives of Jiyang. Rouzhi, styled Shuyuan, was filial, penetrating, and bright, and also reached a secretariat post. Ke, styled Bolun, was upright, stern, and exemplary in conduct. His clansman Jiang Gai reached Attendant-in-Ordinary; though extravagant by nature, he showed respect and restraint only toward Ke.
48
吳慶之字文悅，濮陽人也，寓居吳興。 宋江夏王義恭為揚州，召為西曹書佐。 及義恭誅，慶之自傷為吏無狀，不復肯仕，終身蔬食。 後王琨為吳興太守，欲召為功曹。 答曰：「走素無人世情，直以明府見接有禮，所以奔走歲時。 若欲見吏，則是蓄魚於樹，棲鳥於泉耳。」 不辭而退。 琨追謝之，望塵不及矣。
Wu Qingzhi, styled Wenyue, was a native of Puyang who lived in Wuxing. When Prince Yigong of Jiangxia was governor of Yangzhou, he summoned Qingzhi as Western Bureau secretary. When Yigong was executed, Qingzhi grieved that he had served unworthily and would serve no more; he ate plain food for life. Later Wang Kun became prefect of Wuxing and wished to summon him as clerk for merit. He replied, "I have never had worldly ambition; only because you received me with courtesy did I attend at the seasons If you wish to see me as a clerk, it is like storing fish in a tree or nesting birds in a spring." He declined and withdrew without ceremony. Kun pursued to apologize but could not catch him.
49
蕭叡明字景濟，南蘭陵人也。 母病風，積年沈臥。 叡明晝夜祈禱，時寒，叡明下淚為之冰如箸，額上叩頭血亦冰不溜。 忽有一人以小石函授之，曰：「此療夫人病。」 叡明跪受之，忽不見。 以函奉母，函中唯有三寸絹，丹書為「日月」字，母服之即平復。
Xiao Ruiming, styled Jingji, was a native of Nan Lanling. His mother suffered from wind illness and lay ill for years. Ruiming prayed day and night; in the cold his tears froze into icicles like chopsticks, and blood from his forehead kowtows froze without dripping. Suddenly a man gave him a small stone casket and said, "This will cure your mother's illness.' Ruiming knelt to receive it; in a moment the man vanished. He gave the casket to his mother; inside was only three inches of silk, with the cinnabar-written characters "sun and moon"; after his mother took it, she immediately recovered.
50
于時秣陵朱緒無行，母病積年，忽思菰羹，緒妻到市買菰為羹欲奉母，緒曰：「病復安能食。」 先嘗之，遂並食盡。 母怒曰：「我病欲此羹，汝何心並啖盡。 天若有知，當令汝哽死。」 緒聞便心仲介介然，即利血，明日而死。 叡明聞之，大悲慟，不食積日。 問緒屍在何處，欲手自戮之。 既而曰：「洿吾刀。」 乃止。 永明五年，居母喪，不勝哀，卒，詔贈中書郎。
At the time Zhu Xu of Moling was dissolute; his mother had been ill for years; suddenly she craved water-shield soup; his wife bought water-shield at market and made soup; Xu said, "How can she eat in her illness—." he tasted it first, then ate it all himself. The mother angrily said, "I am ill and wanted this soup—what heart made you eat it all If heaven has awareness, may it make you choke to death." Xu heard this, his heart tightened, he spat blood, and died the next day. Ruiming heard and grieved greatly, not eating for many days. He asked where Xu's corpse lay, wishing to kill him with his own hand. Then he said, "It would stain my blade." and stopped. In the fifth year of Yongming he mourned his mother, could not bear the grief, and died; an edict posthumously made him Palace Gentleman.
51
時又有鮮于文宗，漁陽人，年七歲喪父。 父以種芋時亡，至明年芋時，對芋嗚咽，如此終身。 姊文英適荀氏，七日而夫亡，執節不嫁。 及母卒，晝夜哭泣，遂喪明。
At the time there was also Xianyu Wenzong of Fanyang, who lost his father at seven. His father had died while planting taro; when taro season returned the next year he wept before the taro—thus all his life. His elder sister Wenying married the Xun clan; after seven days her husband died; she held to her vow and did not remarry. When their mother died she wept day and night until she went blind.
52
蕭矯妻羊字淑禕，性至孝，居父喪，哭輒吐血。 母嘗有疾，淑禕於中夜祈禱，忽見一人在樹下自稱枯桑君，曰：「若人無患，今洩氣在亥，西南求白石鎮之。」 言訖不見。 明日如言而疾愈。
The wife of Xiao Jiao, surnamed Yang, styled Shuyi, was utterly filial; mourning her father she wept until she spat blood. Her mother once fell ill; Shuyi prayed at midnight and saw a man under a tree calling himself Lord Withered Mulberry, who said, "Qi now leaks at the hai hour—seek white stone to the southwest and press it down." When he finished speaking he vanished. The next day she did as told and the illness was cured.
53
又時有羊緝之女佩任者，烏程人。 隨母還舅氏，母亡，晝夜號哭，不飲食三日而亡，鄉里號曰：「女表」。
Also at the time there was Yang Peiren, daughter of Yang Ji of Wucheng. She followed her mother back to her mother's clan; when her mother died she wailed day and night, ate and drank nothing for three days, and died. The village called her "Woman Exemplar."
54
又有晉陵吳康之妻趙氏，父亡弟幼，遇歲饑，母老病篤，趙詣鄉里告乞，言辭哀苦，鄉里憐之，各分升米，遂得免。 及嫁康之，少時夫亡，家欲更嫁，誓言不貳焉。
Also Zhao, wife of Wu Kangzhi of Jinling: her father died and her brother was young; in a famine her mother was old and gravely ill; Zhao begged in the village with pitiful words; neighbors each gave rice and they survived. When she married Kangzhi her husband soon died; the family wished to remarry her; she swore she would not marry again.
55
又義興蔣雋之妻黃氏，夫亡不重嫁，家逼之，欲自殺，乃止。 建元三年，詔蠲表門閭。 又會稽永興吳翼之母丁氏，少喪夫。 性仁愛，遭年荒，分衣食以飴里中饑餓者，鄰里求借未嘗違。 同里陳攘父母死，孤單無親戚，丁收養之。 及長為營婚娶。 又同里王禮妻徐氏，荒年客死山陰，丁為買棺器，自往斂葬。 元徽末，大雪，商旅斷行，村裏比室饑餓，丁自出鹽米，計口分賦。 同里左僑家露四喪無以葬，丁為辦塚槨。 有三調不登者，代為輸送。 丁長子婦王氏守寡，執志不再醮。 州郡上言，詔表門閭，蠲租稅。
Also Huang, wife of Jiang Junzhi of Yixing: when her husband died she refused remarriage; the family forced her and she tried to kill herself, so they stopped. In the third year of Jianyuan an edict exempted their households and posted placards at their gates. Also Ding, mother of Wu Yi of Yongxing in Kuaiji: she lost her husband in youth. By nature benevolent, in famine years she divided food and clothing to feed hungry neighbors; she never refused a request to borrow. Chen Rang of the same lane lost both parents and had no kin; Ding took him in and raised him. When he grew up she arranged his marriage. Also Xu, wife of Wang Li of the same lane, died as a traveler in Shanyin during famine; Ding bought a coffin and went herself to bury her. At the end of Yuanhui, in heavy snow when travel ceased, the village went hungry; Ding brought out salt and rice and divided it by household. The household of Zuo Qiao had four unburied dead with no means for burial; Ding prepared tombs and coffins. For those who could not pay the three levies she paid on their behalf. Ding's eldest son's wife Lady Wang kept her widowhood and vowed not to remarry. The province and commandery reported upward; an edict posted at their gate and remitted taxes.
56
又會稽寒人陳氏，有三女，無男，祖父母年八九十，老無所知，父篤癃病，母不安其室。 遇歲饑，三女相率於西湖采菱蓴，更日至市貨賣，未嘗虧怠，鄉里稱為義門，多欲娶為婦。 長女自傷煢獨，誓不肯行。 祖父母尋相繼卒，三女自營殯葬，為庵舍居墓側。
Also the Chen clan of Kuaiji, a poor family: three daughters and no sons; grandparents in their eighties, helpless; the father gravely ill; the mother distressed in the household. In famine the three daughters gathered water-shield and lotus at West Lake, sold them daily without slackening; the village called them the Gate of Righteousness, and many wished to marry them. The eldest daughter, grieving her solitude, swore she would not marry. The grandparents soon died in succession; the three daughters buried them and built a hut beside the grave to live in.
57
又永興概中裏王氏女年五歲，得毒病，兩目皆盲。 性至孝，年二十父死，臨屍一叫，眼皆血出。 小妹娥舐其血，左目即開，時人稱為孝感。
Also a Wang girl of Gaizhong village in Yongxing, aged five, contracted poison illness and went blind in both eyes. Utterly filial by nature; at twenty when her father died she cried once at the corpse and blood flowed from both eyes. Her younger sister E licked the blood; the left eye opened; contemporaries called it filial devotion.
58
又諸暨東洿裏屠氏女，父失明，母痼疾，親戚相棄，鄉里不容。 女移父母遠住苧羅，晝采樵，夜紡績，以供養。 父母俱卒，親營殯葬，負土成墳。 忽空中有聲云：「汝至性可重，山神欲相驅使，汝可為人療病，必得大富貴。」 女謂是妖魅，弗敢從。 遂得病積時。 鄰舍人有中溪蜮毒者，女試療之，自覺病便差，遂以巫道為人療疾，無不愈。 家產日益，鄉里多欲娶之。 女以無兄弟，誓守墳墓不嫁，為山劫所殺。
Also a Tu clan girl of Dongyu in Zhuji: her father was blind and her mother chronically ill; kin abandoned them and the village would not shelter them. The girl moved her parents to Mount Zhu, gathering firewood by day and spinning by night to support them. When both parents died she personally arranged burial and carried earth on her back to raise the mound. Suddenly a voice in the air said, "Your utmost nature is weighty; the mountain spirit wishes to employ you—you may heal people's illnesses and will gain great wealth and honor.' The girl said it was a demon and dared not obey. She then fell gravely ill for a long time. A neighbor had stream-worm poison; the girl tried to cure him and felt her own illness improve; she then practiced healing for others and cured all. Household wealth grew daily; many in the village wished to marry her. Having no brothers, she swore to guard the grave and not marry, and was killed by mountain bandits.
59
又吳興乘公濟妻姚氏，生二男，而公濟及兄公願、幹伯並卒，各有一子，姚養育之，賣田宅為取婦，自與二男寄止鄰家。 明帝詔為其二子婚，表閭復徭役。
Also Yao, wife of Cheng Gongji of Wuxing: she bore two sons; Gongji and his brothers Gongyuan and Ganbo all died, each leaving a son; Yao raised them, sold property to obtain wives, and lodged with a neighbor with the two boys. Emperor Ming arranged marriages for the two sons, posted placards at the gate, and remitted corvée and taxes.
60
又吳郡范法恂妻褚氏，亦勤苦執婦業。 宋升明中，孫曇瓘謀反亡命，褚謂其子僧簡曰：「孫越州先姑之姊子，與汝父親則從母兄弟，交則義重古人，逃竄脫不免，汝宜收之。」 曇瓘尋伏法，褚氏令僧簡往斂葬。 年七十餘，永明中卒。 僧簡在都聞病馳歸，未至，褚已卒，將殯舉屍不起，尋而僧簡至焉。 公孫僧遠，會稽剡人也。 居父喪至孝，事母及伯父甚謹。 年饑，僧遠省飧減食以養母及伯父。 弟亡，貧無以葬，身自販貼與鄰里，供斂送終之費，躬負土，手種松柏。 兄姊未婚嫁，乃自賣為之成禮。 名聞郡縣。 齊高帝即位，遣兼散騎常侍虞炎等十二部使行天下，表列僧遠等二十三人，詔並表門閭，蠲租稅。
Also Chu, wife of Fan Faxun of Wu commandery, who also labored bitterly and upheld a wife's duties. In Shengming of Song, Sun Tanwan rebelled and fled; Chu told her son Sengjian, "Sun of Yuezhou is kin to your late father; as fugitive he cannot escape—you should shelter him." Tanwan was soon executed; Chu had Sengjian bury him. Over seventy, she died in Yongming. Sengjian was in the capital; hearing she was ill he raced home; before he arrived Chu had died; when they tried to lift the corpse it would not rise; then Sengjian arrived. Gongsun Sengyuan was from Shan in Kuaiji. In mourning for his father he was extremely filial, and he served his mother and elder uncle with great care. In a famine year, Sengyuan reduced his meals and cut down his food to support his mother and elder uncle. When his younger brother died, he was too poor to bury him, so he personally sold his labor among the neighbors to provide the expenses for encoffining and funeral; he carried earth himself and planted pines and cypresses by hand. When his elder brother and elder sister were not yet married, he sold himself to complete the rites for them. His name became known in the commandery and county. When Emperor Gao of Qi ascended the throne, he sent Yu Yan, Acting Regular Attendant of Scattered Cavalry, and others as envoys in twelve divisions to travel throughout the realm. They submitted a memorial listing Sengyuan and twenty-two others, and an edict ordered that all their gates and lanes be marked and their rents and taxes remitted.
61
吳欣之，晉陵利城人也。 宋元嘉末，弟慰之為武進縣吏。 隨王誕起義，元凶遣軍主華欽討之，吏人皆散，慰之獨留見執。 將死，欣之詣欽乞代弟命，辭淚哀切，兄弟皆見原。 齊建元三年，有詔蠲表之。
Wu Xinzhi was a native of Licheng in Jinling. Late in Yuanjia of Song, his younger brother Weizhi was a clerk of Wujin county. When Prince Dan of Sui rebelled, the crown prince sent Commander Hua Qin to attack; officials and people fled; only Weizhi stayed and was seized. Facing death, Xinzhi begged Qin to take his brother's place; his plea was tearful and earnest; both brothers were spared. In the third year of Jianyuan of Qi an edict exempted their household and posted a placard at the gate.
62
永明初，廣陵人童超之二息犯罪爭死，太守劉悛表以聞。
Early in Yongming, Tong Chao of Guangling had two sons who both committed crimes and each insisted on dying; Prefect Liu Jun reported the matter.
63
韓系伯，襄陽人也，事父母謹孝。 襄陽人鄰居種桑樹于界上為志，系伯以桑枝蔭妨他地，遷界上開數尺，鄰畔隨復侵之，系伯輒更改種。 久之，鄰人慚愧，還所侵地，躬往謝之。 齊建元三年，蠲表門閭，以壽終。
Han Xibo was a native of Xiangyang and served his parents with scrupulous filial devotion. A neighbor planted a mulberry on the boundary as a marker; Xibo's branches shaded the other's land, so he shifted the boundary; the neighbor encroached again, and Xibo shifted and replanted again. After a long time the neighbor was ashamed, returned the encroached land, and came to apologize in person. In the third year of Jianyuan of Qi a placard was posted at his gate; he died at a great age.
64
時有吳興人聞人敻，年十七，結客報父仇，為高帝所賞，位至長水校尉。
At the time Wen Ren of Wuxing, aged seventeen, gathered followers to avenge his father and was rewarded by Emperor Gao, rising to Colonel of the Long River.
65
丘冠先字道玄，吳興烏程人也，少有節義。 齊永明中，位給事中。 時求使蠕蠕國，尚書令王儉言：「冠先雖名位未升，而義行甚重。 若為行人，則蘇武、鄭眾之流也。」 於是使蠕蠕。 蠕蠕逼令拜，冠先執節不從。 以刃臨之，冠先曰：「能殺我者蠕蠕也，不能以天子使拜戎狄者，我也。」 遂見殺。 武帝以冠先不辱命，賜其子雄錢一萬、布三十疋。 雄不受，詣闕上書曰：「臣父執節如蘇武，守死如谷吉，遂不書之良史，甄之褒策，萬代之後，誰死社稷。 建元四年，車僧朗銜使不異，抗節是同，詔贈正員外郎，此天朝舊准，臣父成例也。 今僧朗反葬塚塋，臣父湮棄絕域，語忠烈則亦不謝車，論荼苦則彼優而此劇，名位不殊，禮數宜等，乞申哀贈。」 書奏不省。
Qiu Guanxian, styled Daoxuan, was a native of Wucheng in Wuxing; from youth he possessed integrity and righteousness. During Yongming of Qi he served as Attendant. When an envoy to Rouran was sought, Minister Wang Jian said, "Though Guanxian's rank has not yet risen, his righteous conduct is weighty. As envoy he would rank with Su Wu and Zheng Zhong." He was therefore sent to Rouran. The Rouran forced him to bow; Guanxian held his staff and refused. With blades at him Guanxian said, "The Rouran can kill me, but they cannot make an envoy of the Son of Heaven bow to barbarians—that is for me alone." He was then killed. Emperor Wu, because Guanxian did not disgrace his mission, granted his son Xiong ten thousand cash and thirty bolts of cloth. Xiong refused and submitted a memorial at the gate: "My father held his staff like Su Wu and died like Gu Ji—yet he is not recorded in the histories or honored in edicts; who after ten thousand generations will die for the state In the fourth year of Jianyuan Che Senglang bore his mission with equal integrity; an edict posthumously granted Regular Attendant Outside the Office—this was the court's standard; my father should be the precedent. Now Senglang is reburied in honor while my father lies in a distant land; in loyalty he is not inferior to Che, in hardship this is greater; rank is the same—rites should be equal; I beg a posthumous grant." The memorial was submitted but not heeded.
66
孫淡，太原人也，世居長沙。 事母至孝，母疾，不眠食，以差為期。 母哀之，後有疾不使知也。 齊建元三年，蠲表門閭。 卒於家。
Sun Dan was a native of Taiyuan whose family had long lived in Changsha. He served his mother with utmost devotion; when she was ill he neither slept nor ate until she recovered. His mother pitied him; afterward when she fell ill she did not tell him. In the third year of Jianyuan of Qi a placard was posted at the gate. He died at home.
67
華寶，晉陵無錫人也。 父豪，晉義熙末戍長安，寶年八歲，臨別謂寶曰：「須我還當為汝上頭。」 長安陷，寶年至七十不婚冠。 或問之，寶輒號慟彌日，不忍答也。
Hua Bao was a native of Wuxi in Jinling. His father Hao in late Yixi of Jin garrisoned Chang'an; Bao was eight; at parting Hao said, "When I return I will crown your head." When Chang'an fell, Bao reached seventy without marrying or capping his hair. When asked he would wail all day and could not bear to answer.
68
同郡薛天生，母遭艱菜食，天生亦菜食。 母未免喪而死，天生終身不食魚肉。
Xue Tiansheng of the same commandery ate only vegetables when his mother mourned; Tiansheng did likewise. Before his mother finished mourning she died; Tiansheng never ate fish or meat for life.
69
又同郡劉懷胤與弟懷則，年十歲遭父喪，不衣絮帛，不食鹽菜。 齊建元三年，並表門閭。
Also Liu Huaiyin and his brother Huaize of the same commandery, at ten lost their father and wore no padded silk and ate no salt or vegetables. In the third year of Jianyuan of Qi placards were posted at their gates.
70
解叔謙字楚梁，雁門人也。 母有疾，叔謙夜于庭中稽顙祈福，聞空中語云：「此病得丁公藤為酒便差。」 即訪醫及本草注，皆無識者。 乃求訪至宜都郡，遙見山中一老公伐木，問其所用，答曰：「此丁公藤，療風尤驗。」 叔謙便拜伏流涕，具言來意。 此公愴然，以四段與之，並示以漬酒法。 叔謙受之，顧視此人，不復知處。 依法為酒，母病即差。 齊建武初，以奉朝請征，不至。
Xie Shuqian, styled Chuliang, was a native of Yanmen. His mother was ill; Shuqian prayed at night in the courtyard; a voice said, "This illness is cured by wine made from Duke Ding's vine.' He sought doctors and checked pharmacopoeias; none knew it. He searched until Yidu; he saw an old man cutting wood in the mountains who said, "This is Duke Ding's vine—excellent for wind illness.' Shuqian kowtowed in tears and told his purpose. The old man was moved, gave him four sections, and showed how to steep the wine. Shuqian received them; looking back the man had vanished. He made wine by the method; his mother's illness was immediately cured. Early in Jianwu he was summoned as Palace Attendant but did not come.
71
時又有宗元卿、庾震、朱文濟、匡昕、魯康祚、謝昌宇皆有素履，而叔謙尤高。 元卿字希蔣，南陽人，有至行。 早孤，為祖母所養。 祖母病，元卿在遠輒心痛，大病則大痛，小病則小痛，以此為常。 鄉里宗事之，號曰宗曾子。
At the time Zong Yuanqing, Yu Zhen, Zhu Wenji, Kuang Xin, Lu Kangzuo, and Xie Changyu also had pure conduct, but Shuqian was highest. Yuanqing, styled Xijiang, was a native of Nanyang with exemplary conduct. Orphaned early, he was raised by his grandmother. When his grandmother was ill, if Yuanqing was far away his heart ached; great illness brought great pain, slight illness slight pain. The village honored him and called him the clan's Zengzi.
72
震字彥文，新野人。 喪父母，居貧無以葬，賃書以營事，至手掌穿然後葬事獲濟。 南陽劉虯因此為撰孝子傳。
Zhen, styled Yanwen, was a native of Xinfu. When his parents died he was too poor to bury them; he copied books for hire until his palms wore through before the burial was done. Liu You of Nanyang therefore composed a Biography of Filial Sons for him.
73
文濟字敬達，吳興人。 自賣以葬母，太守謝瀹命為儒林，不就。
Wenji, styled Jingda, was a native of Wuxing. He sold himself to bury his mother; Prefect Xie Yue appointed him Erudite of the Forest of Scholars; he declined.
74
昕字令先，廬陵人，有至性，隱金華山，服食不與俗人交。 母病亡已經日，昕奔還號叫，母即蘇。 皆以為孝感所致。
Xin, styled Lingxian, was a native of Luling with exemplary nature; he lived on Mount Jinhua, took elixirs, and avoided common society. His mother had been dead more than a day when Xin raced back wailing and his mother revived. All attributed it to filial devotion.
75
康祚，扶風人，亦有至行。 母患乳癰，諸醫療不愈，康祚乃跪，兩手捧癰大悲泣，母即覺小寬，因此漸差。 時人以其有冥應。 康祚位至屯騎校尉。
Kangzuo was a native of Fufeng and also had exemplary conduct. His mother had a breast abscess; doctors could not cure it; Kangzuo knelt, held the abscess in both hands, wept greatly, and she immediately felt relief and gradually recovered. Contemporaries took it as a hidden divine response. Kangzuo rose to Colonel of the Valiant Cavalry.
76
昌宇，陳郡人也，為劉悛廣州參軍。 孝性甚至。 嘗養一鵠，昌宇病二旬，而鵠二旬不食。 昌宇亡而鵠遂飛去。
Changyu was a native of Chen commandery and served as Guangzhou staff officer under Liu Jun. His filial nature was extreme. He once raised a swan; when Changyu was ill twenty days the swan ate nothing twenty days. When Changyu died the swan flew away.
77
韓靈敏，會稽剡人也。 早孤，與兄靈珍並有孝性。 母尋又亡，家貧無以營凶，兄弟共種瓜，朝采瓜子，暮生已復，遂辦葬事。 靈珍亡無子，妻朝氏守節不嫁，慮家人奪其志，未嘗告歸。 靈敏事之如母。
Han Lingmin was a native of Shan in Kuaiji. Orphaned early, he and his elder brother Lingzhen were both filial by nature. Their mother soon died; the family was too poor for a funeral; the brothers planted melons—picking seeds in the morning, by evening they had grown again, and the burial was accomplished. Lingzhen died childless; his wife Lady Chao kept her vow and would not remarry, fearing the family would break her resolve, and never told them when she visited home. Lingmin served her as a mother.
78
劉渢字處和，南陽人也。 父紹，仕宋位中書郎。 渢母早亡，紹被敕納路太后兄女為繼室。 渢年數歲，路氏不以為子，奴婢輩捶打之無期度。 渢母亡日，輒悲啼不食，彌為婢輩所苦。 路氏生溓，兄渢憐愛之不忍舍，恒在床帳側，輒被驅捶，終不肯去。 路氏病經年，渢晝夜不離左右，每有增加，輒流涕不食。 路氏病差，感其意，慈愛遂隆。 路氏富盛，一旦為渢立齋宇，筵席不減侯王。 溓有識，事渢過於同產，事無大小，必諮兄而後行。
Liu Feng, styled Chuchu, was a native of Nanyang. His father Shao served Song and reached Attendant of the Secretariat. Feng's mother died early; Shao was ordered to take the elder brother's daughter of Empress Dowager Lu as his second wife. When Feng was a child the Lu family did not treat him as a son; servants beat him without restraint. On his mother's death anniversary he wept and would not eat, and was tormented all the more by the maids. The Lu family bore Lian; Feng pitied and loved him and would not leave his side; he was always by the bed and was beaten and driven away but would not go. Lady Lu was ill over a year; Feng never left her side day or night; whenever she worsened he wept and would not eat. When Lady Lu recovered she was moved by his devotion and grew fond of him. The Lu family was wealthy and built Feng a hall; banquets rivaled those of nobles. Lian was discerning and served Feng more devotedly than a full brother; in every matter he consulted Feng before acting.
79
渢妹適江祏弟禧，與祏兄弟異常。 自尚書比部郎，後為遙光諮議，專知腹心任。 時遙光任當顧托，朝野向渢如雲。 渢忌之，求出為丹陽丞，雖外遷而意任無改。 及遙光舉事，旦方召渢，渢以為宜悉呼佐史。 渢之徙丹陽丞也，遙光以蕭懿第四弟晉安王之文學暢為諮議，領錄事。 及召入，遙光謂曰：「劉暄欲有異志，今夕當取之。」 遙光去歲暴風，性理乖錯，多時方愈。 暢曰：「公去歲違和，今欲發動。」 顧左右急呼師視脈。 遙光厲聲曰：「諮議欲作異邪！」 因訶令出。 須臾渢入，暢謂曰：「公昔年風疾，今復發。」 渢曰：「卿視今夕處分，云何而作此語。」 及迎垣曆生至，與渢俱勸夜攻台。 既不見納，渢、曆生並撫膺曰：「今欲作賊而坐守此城，今年坐公滅族矣。」 及遙光敗，渢靜坐圍舍。 溓為度支郎亦奔亡，遇渢仍不復肯去。 渢曰：「吾為人作吏，自不避死，汝可去，無相守同盡。」 答曰：「向若不逢兄，亦草間苟免，今既相逢，何忍獨生。」 因以衣帶結兄衣，俱見殺。 何胤聞之歎曰：「兄死君難，弟死兄禍，美哉。」
Feng's younger sister married Jiang You's younger brother Xi; she was exceptionally close to the Jiang brothers. From Attendant in the Comparison Department he later became Yaoguang's consulting officer, trusted as intimate confidant. At the time Yaoguang was to be entrusted with the succession; court and countryside flocked to Feng. Feng resented this and sought transfer as assistant prefect of Danyang; though outwardly transferred his trust and duties did not change. When Yaoguang rebelled, at dawn he was about to summon Feng; Feng thought all staff should be summoned. When Feng went to Danyang, Yaoguang made Xiao Yi, literary aide to the Prince of Jin'an, consulting officer and recording secretary. When summoned in, Yaoguang said, "Liu Xuan intends treason; tonight he must be seized." Yaoguang had been ill the previous year from a violent wind; his disposition was erratic; he had only lately recovered. Chang said, "You were ill last year and now wish to act." He looked around and urgently called the physician to feel his pulse. Yaoguang said harshly, "Consulting officer means to make trouble!" He then shouted him out. Soon Feng entered; Chang said to him, "You had wind illness last year; it has flared again." Feng said, "You see tonight's arrangements—why speak thus" When Yuan Lisheng arrived, he and Feng together urged a night attack on the palace. When it was rejected, Feng and Lisheng beat their breasts and said, "We mean to rebel yet sit guarding this city—this year we will be exterminated for your sake." When Yaoguang was defeated Feng sat quietly in the besieged compound. Lian as Director of Revenue also fled; meeting Feng he still would not leave. Feng said, "I serve as an official and do not avoid death—you may go; do not stay and die with me." He replied, "Had I not met my brother I might have escaped in the grass, but now that we meet how can I live on alone" He bound his brother's clothes with his belt and both were killed. He Yin heard and sighed, "An elder brother dies for his lord's sake; a younger brother dies for his brother's sake—how beautiful."
80
又柳叔夜，河東人。 父宗，宋黃門郎。 叔夜年十六為新野太守，甚有名績，補遙光諮議參軍。 及事敗，左右扶上馬，欲與俱亡，答曰：「吾已許始安以死，豈可負之邪。」 遂自殺。
Also Liu Shuye was a native of Hedong. His father Zong was Attendant at the Yellow Gate of Song. At sixteen Shuye was prefect of Xinye with great reputation and was appointed consulting officer to Yaoguang. When the affair failed, attendants helped him mount wishing to flee together; he replied, "I have promised Prince Shi'an to die—how can I betray him.' He then killed himself.
81
封延伯字仲連，勃海人也。 世為州郡著姓，寓居東海，三世同財，為北州所宗附。 延伯好學退讓，事寡嫂甚謹。 垣崇祖為兗州，請為長史，不就。 崇祖軾其門，不肯相見。 後為豫州，上表薦之，詔書優禮。 起家為平西長史、梁郡太守。 為政清靜，有高士風。 俄以疾免，還東海。 于時四州入魏，士子皆依海曲，爭往宗之，如遼東之仰邴原也。
Feng Yanbo, styled Zhonglian, was a native of Bohai. For generations a notable clan, they lived in Donghai; three generations shared property and were esteemed in the northern provinces. Yanbo loved learning and humility; he served his widowed sister-in-law with great care. Yuan Chongzu as inspector of Yanzhou invited him as chief clerk; he declined. Chongzu leaned on his gate; he refused to see him. Later as inspector of Yuzhou he recommended him; an edict honored him with courtesy. He began as chief clerk of the Pacification of the West and prefect of Liang commandery. His governance was pure and quiet, with the bearing of a lofty gentleman. Soon he resigned for illness and returned to Donghai. When four provinces fell to Wei, scholars flocked to the coast to follow him, as Liaodong had looked up to Bing Yuan.
82
建元三年，大使巡行天下，義興陳玄子四世同居，一百七口。 武陵邵榮興、文獻叔並八世同居。 東海徐生之、武陵范安祖、李聖伯、范道根，並五世同居。 零陵譚弘寶、衡陽何弘、華陽陽黑頭，疏從四世同居。 詔俱表門閭，蠲租稅。
In the third year of Jianyuan an imperial envoy toured the realm; Chen Xuanzi of Yixing had four generations under one roof, one hundred seven people. Shao Rongxing of Wuling and Wen Xianshu both had eight generations living together. Xu Shengzhi of Donghai, Fan Anzu, Li Shengbo, and Fan Daogen of Wuling all had five generations living together. Tan Hongbao of Lingling, He Hong of Hengyang, and Yang Heitou of Huayang had four generations of collateral kin living together. Edicts posted placards at their gates and remitted rent and taxes.
83
又蜀郡王續祖、華陽郝道福並累世同爨，建武三年，明帝詔表門，蠲調役。
Also Wang Xuzu of Shu and Hao Daofu of Huayang had generations sharing one hearth; in the third year of Jianwu Emperor Ming posted placards and remitted levies and corvée.
84
吳達之，義興人也。 嫂亡無以葬，自賣為十夫客，以營塚槨。 從祖弟敬伯，夫妻荒年被略賣江北，達之有田十畝，貨以贖之，與同財共宅。 郡命為主簿，固以讓兄。 又讓世業舊田與族弟，弟亦不受，田遂閑廢。 齊建元三年，詔表門閭。
Wu Dazhi was a native of Yixing. His sister-in-law died with no means for burial; he sold himself for ten days' labor to arrange the coffin. His cousin Jingbo and wife were seized and sold north in a famine year; Dazhi pawned ten mu of fields to redeem them and shared home and property. The commandery appointed him chief clerk; he firmly yielded to his elder brother. He also yielded the family's old fields to a clansman; the clansman also refused and the fields lay idle. In the third year of Jianyuan of Qi an edict posted a placard at the gate.
85
先是有蔡曇智，鄉里號蔡曾子，廬江何伯璵兄弟，鄉里號為何展禽，並為高士沈顗所重。 常云：「聞蔡曇智之風，怯夫勇，鄙夫有立志。 聞何伯璵之風，偽夫正，薄夫厚。」 云。
Before this were Cai Tanzhi, called Cai Zengzi by the village, and the brothers He Boyu of Lujiang, called He Zhanqin—both valued by the lofty gentleman Shen Lin. He often said, "Hearing Cai Tanzhi's example, cowards become brave and mean men gain resolve. Hearing He Boyu's example, hypocrites become upright and shallow men become deep.' So he said.
86
伯璵與弟幼璵俱厲節操，養孤兄子，及長為婚，推家業盡與之。 安貧枯槁，誨人不倦，郡守下車莫不修謁。 伯璵卒，幼璵末好佛法，翦落長齋，持行精苦，梁初卒。 兄弟年八十餘。
Boyu and younger brother Youyu both held to integrity, raised their orphaned nephew, and when he grew gave him in marriage and yielded the entire family estate to him. Poor and austere, he taught without tiring; every new prefect paid him a respectful visit. When Boyu died, Youyu took to Buddhism, shaved his head and kept long fasts, his conduct severely strict; he died early in Liang. The brothers lived past eighty.
87
王文殊字令章，吳興故鄣人也。 父沒魏，文殊思慕泣血，終身蔬食，不衣帛，服麻縕而已。 不婚，不交人物。 吳興太守謝瀹聘為功曹，不就。 立小屋於縣西，端拱其中，歲時伏臘，月朝十五，未嘗不北望長悲，如此三十餘年。 太守孔琇之表其行，郁林詔榜門，改所居為孝行裏。
Wang Wenshu, styled Lingzhang, was a native of Guzhang in Wuxing. His father died in Wei; Wenshu mourned and wept blood, eating plain food for life, wearing only hemp and coarse cloth. He did not marry and did not associate with others. Prefect Xie Yue recruited him as clerk for merit; he declined. He built a small hut west of the county and sat upright within; at festivals and on the fifteenth of each month he looked north and grieved—for more than thirty years. Prefect Kong Xiuzhi memorialized his conduct; the Prince of Yulin ordered a placard and renamed his residence the Lane of Filial Conduct.
88
樂頤之字文德，南陽涅陽人也，世居南郡，少而言行和謹。 仕為京府參軍，父在郢病亡。 頤之忽悲戀涕泣，因請假還，中路果得父凶問，便徒跣號啕，出陶家後渚，遇商人附載西上，水漿不入口數日。 嘗遇病，與母隔壁，忍病不言，齧被至碎，恐母之哀己也。 湘州刺史王僧虔引為主簿，以同僚非人，棄官去。 吏部郎庾杲之嘗往候，頤之為設食，唯枯魚菜葅杲之曰：「我不能食此。」 母聞之，自出常膳魚羹數種。 杲之曰：「卿過於茅季偉，我非郭林宗。」 仕至郢州中從事。
Yue Yizhi, styled Wende, was a native of Niyang in Nanyang whose family lived in Nan commandery; from youth his conduct was harmonious and careful. He served as a capital staff officer; his father died of illness in Ying. Yizhi suddenly grieved and wept, took leave and returned; midway he received news of his father's death, went barefoot wailing, left by Taojia ford, boarded a merchant boat west, and took no food or water for days. Once ill in a room next to his mother's, he bore it in silence, biting the quilt to pieces lest she grieve for him. Wang Sengqian, inspector of Xiangzhou, recruited him as chief clerk; finding a colleague unworthy he resigned. Geng Guozhi of the Ministry of Personnel once visited; Yizhi served only dried fish and pickles; Guozhi said, "I cannot eat this." His mother heard and brought out her usual fare of several fish soups. Guozhi said, "You surpass Mao Jiwei—I am not Guo Linzong." He rose to attendant secretary in Yingzhou.
89
弟預字文介，亦至孝。 父臨亡，執手以托郢州行事王奐。 預悲感悶絕，吐血數升，遂發病。 官至驃騎錄事參軍。
His younger brother Yu, styled Wenjie, was also utterly filial. When their father was dying he took Yu's hand and entrusted him to Wang Huan, acting officer of Yingzhou. Yu grieved and fainted, spat blood, and fell ill. He rose to recording secretary of the Rapid Cavalry.
90
隆昌末，預謂丹陽尹徐孝嗣曰：「外傳藉藉，似有伊、周之事。 君蒙武帝殊常之恩，荷託付之重，恐不得同人此事。 人笑褚公，至今齒冷，無為效尤。」 孝嗣故吏吳興沈升之亦說之曰：「升之與君俱有項領之功，今一言而二功俱解，豈願聞之乎。 君受恩二祖，而更參惟新之政，以君為反復人，事成則無處逃咎矣。 升之草萊百姓，言出禍已隨之，孰與超然謝病，高枕家園，則與松柏比操，風霜等烈，豈不美邪。」 孝嗣並改容謝之。
At the end of Longchang Yu told Xu Xiaosi of Danyang, "Rumors spread—as if an Yi Yin and Duke of Zhou affair were afoot. You received extraordinary grace from Emperor Wu and a heavy trust—I fear you cannot join this affair. People still mock Lord Chu—do not imitate him." His former clerk Shen Shengzhi also said, "We both have merit at stake; one word and both achievements vanish—will you hear it You received grace from two emperors yet join the new regime—as a turncoat, when it succeeds you cannot escape blame. I am a common man—words bring calamity; better to retire ill, rest at home, match pine and cypress in integrity—is that not better" Xiaosi changed expression and thanked them both.
91
預建武中為永世令，人懷其德，卒官。 時有一媼年可六七十，擔檞蔌葉造市貨之，聞預亡大泣，棄溪中，曰：「失樂令，我輩孤獨老姥政應就死耳。」 市人亦皆泣，其惠化如此。
In Jianwu Yu was magistrate of Yongshi; people cherished his virtue; he died in office. An old woman of sixty or seventy carried mulberry leaves to market; hearing Yu had died she wept, threw them in the stream, and said, "Losing Magistrate Yue, we old women ought to die." Market people wept as well; such was his benevolent influence.
92
江泌字士清，濟陽考城人也。 父亮之，員外郎。 泌少貧，晝日斫屧為業，夜讀書隨月光，光斜則握卷升屋，睡極墮地則更登。 性行仁義，衣弊虱多，綿裹置壁上，恐虱饑死，乃復置衣中。 數日間，終身無復虱。 母亡後，以生闕供養，遇鮭不忍食。 菜不食心，以其有生意，唯食老葉而已。 母墓為野火所燒，依「新宮災，三日哭」。 淚盡系之以血。
Jiang Bi, styled Shiqing, was a native of Kaocheng in Jiyang. His father Liangzhi was an outside officer. Bi was poor in youth; by day he cut sandals; at night he read by moonlight—when light slanted he climbed the roof with his scroll; when he fell asleep and tumbled down he climbed up again. His clothes were ragged with lice; he wrapped them in cotton on the wall, fearing lice would starve, then put them back in his clothes. Within days he had no lice for life. After his mother died, lacking offerings in her lifetime, he could not bear to eat salmon. He did not eat vegetable hearts because they had life; he ate only old leaves. His mother's tomb was burned by wildfire; following the rite, "When the new palace burns, weep for three days," when tears were exhausted he wept blood.
93
曆仕南中郎行參軍，所給募吏去役，得時病，莫有舍之者。 吏扶杖投泌，泌自隱恤。 吏死，泌為買棺。 無僮役，兄弟共輿埋之。 後領國子助教，乘牽車至染烏頭，見一老公步行，下車載之，躬自步去染。 武帝以為南康王子琳侍讀。
He served as marching staff officer; a conscript clerk left service and fell ill; none would shelter him. The clerk came leaning on a staff; Bi sheltered and cared for him. When the clerk died Bi bought a coffin. With no servants the brothers carried the bier and buried him. Later as National University assistant instructor he rode an ox cart to Wutou dye works, saw an old man walking, gave him the cart and walked himself. Emperor Wu made him attendant reader to Prince Lin of Nankang.
94
建武中，明帝害諸王，後泌憂念子琳，訪志公道人，問其禍福。 志公覆香爐灰示之曰：「都盡無餘。」 及子琳被害，泌往哭之，淚盡續以血，親視殯葬畢乃去。 泌尋卒。 族人兗州中從事泌，黃門郎悆子也，與泌同名，世謂泌為「孝泌」以別之。
In Jianwu Emperor Ming killed the princes; Bi later worried for Prince Lin and asked the monk Zhigong about his fate. Zhigong overturned censer ash and said, "All exhausted, nothing left." When Prince Lin was killed Bi wailed; when tears ended he wept blood; he watched the burial before leaving. Bi soon died. A clansman Bi, attendant secretary in Yanzhou and son of Gentleman Yu, shared his name, so the world called him "Filial Bi" to distinguish him.
95
庾道湣，潁川鄢陵人，晉司空冰之玄孫也。 有孝行，頗能屬文。 少出孤悴，時人莫知。 其所生母流漂交州，道湣尚在繈褓。 及長知之，求為廣州綏寧府佐。 至南而去交州尚遠，乃自負擔冒嶮，僅得自達。 及至交州，尋求母雖經年，日夜悲泣。 嘗入村，日暮雨驟，乃寄止一家。 旦有一嫗負薪外還，而道湣心動，因訪之，乃其母也。 於是行伏號泣，遠近赴之，莫不揮淚。
Yu Daomin was a native of Yanling in Yingchuan, great-great-grandson of Minister Bing of Jin. He had filial conduct and could compose literary pieces. Orphaned young and unknown, people of the time did not know him. His birth mother was swept to Jiaozhou; Daomin was still in swaddling clothes. When grown he knew and sought a post in Guangzhou's Suining prefecture. Reaching the south he was still far from Jiaozhou; he bore his own load through danger and barely arrived. Upon reaching Jiaozhou he sought his mother for years, weeping day and night. Once entering a village at dusk a storm came and he lodged in a household. At dawn an old woman returned with firewood; Daomin's heart stirred; he inquired—it was his mother. He lay prostrate wailing; people near and far came and all wept.
96
道湣尤精相板，宋明帝時，山陽王休佑屢以言語忤顏，見道湣，托以己板為他物，令道湣占之。 道湣曰：「此乃甚貴，然使人多愆忤。」 休佑以褚彥回詳密，求換其板。 他日，彥回侍明帝，自稱下官。 帝多忌，甚不悅。 休佑具以狀言，帝乃意解。
Daomin was skilled at reading fate boards; Prince Xiuyou of Shanyang repeatedly offended Emperor Ming; he showed Daomin another's board disguised as his own. Daomin said, "This is very noble, yet it brings many offenses and disobedience." Xiuyou, because Chu Yanhui was careful, sought to exchange boards with him. Another day Yanhui attended Emperor Ming and called himself a subordinate official. The emperor was suspicious and very displeased. Xiuyou fully explained; the emperor's mind was eased.
97
道湣仕齊，位射聲校尉。 族孫沙彌亦以孝行著。
Daomin served Qi and reached Colonel Who Shoots Sound. Clansman Shamini was also famed for filial conduct.
98
沙彌，晉司空冰之六世孫也。 父佩玉，仕宋位長沙內史，升明中，坐沈攸之事誅。 時沙彌始生。 及年五歲，所生母為制采衣，輒不肯服。 母問其故，流涕對曰：「家門禍酷，用是何為？」 及長，終身布衣蔬食。 為中軍田曹行參軍。 嫡母劉氏寢疾，沙彌晨昏侍側，衣不解帶。 或應針灸，輒以身先試。 及母亡，水漿不入口累日。 初進大麥薄飲，經十旬方為薄粥。 終喪不食鹽酢，冬日不衣綿纊，夏日不解衰絰。 不出廬戶，晝夜號慟，鄰人不忍聞。 所坐薦，淚沾為爛。 墓在新林，忽生旅松百許株，枝葉鬱茂，有異常松。 劉好噉甘蔗，沙彌遂不食焉。 宗人都官尚書詠表言其狀，應純孝之舉，梁武帝召見嘉之，以補歙令。 還除輕車邵陵王參軍事，隨府會稽，復丁所生母憂，喪還都，濟浙江，中流遇風，舫將覆沒。 沙彌抱柩號哭，俄而風靜，咸以為孝感所致。 後卒于長城令。 子持。
Shamini was sixth-generation descendant of Minister Bing of Jin. His father Peiyu served Song as interior secretary of Changsha; in Shengming he was executed in Shen Youzhi's affair. At the time Shamini had just been born. At five his birth mother made him colored clothes; he refused to wear them. His mother asked why; he answered weeping, "Our house has suffered cruel calamity—what is this for." When grown he wore plain cloth and ate simple fare for life. He was marching staff officer in the Central Army's Field Bureau. His legal mother Lady Liu lay gravely ill; Shamini attended day and night and never loosened his belt. When acupuncture was needed he tried it on himself first. When his mother died he took no water or broth for many days. At first he took only thin barley drink; only after a hundred days did he take thin gruel. Throughout mourning he ate no salt or vinegar; in winter he wore no cotton; in summer he did not remove mourning garb. He did not leave the mourning hut, wailing day and night; neighbors could not bear to hear. The mat he sat on was rotted by his tears. The tomb was at Xinlin; suddenly a hundred lodge pines grew, lush and unlike ordinary pines. Lady Liu loved sugarcane; Shamini then never ate it. Clansman Yong memorialized him for the pure filial piety recommendation; Emperor Wu of Liang summoned him, praised him, and appointed him magistrate of She. Later staff officer to the Prince of Shaoling; in Kuaiji he mourned his birth mother again; returning across the Zhe midstream a storm nearly capsized the boat. Shamini embraced the coffin wailing; soon the wind stilled; all attributed it to filial devotion. He later died as magistrate of Changcheng. His son Chi.
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持字元德，少孤，性至孝，父憂，居喪過禮。 篤志好學，仕梁為尚書左戶郎，後兼建康監。 陳文帝為吳興太守，以為郡丞，兼掌書翰。 天嘉初，為尚書左丞，封崇德縣子。 拜封之日，請令史為客，受其餉遺，文帝怒之，因坐免。 後為臨安令，坐杖殺人免封。 還為給事黃門侍郎，曆鹽官令，秘書監，知國史事。 又為少府卿，遷太中大夫，領步兵校尉，卒。 持善字書，每屬辭，好為奇字，文士亦以此譏之。 有集十卷。
Chi, styled Yuande, was orphaned young and utterly filial; in his father's mourning he exceeded the rites. Devoted and scholarly, he served Liang as Left Household Gentleman and later superintendent of Jiankang. When Emperor Wen of Chen was prefect of Wuxing he made him commandery aide and charged him with documents. Early in Tianjia he was Left Assistant Minister and enfeoffed as Viscount of Chongde. On the day of enfeoffment he invited a clerk as guest and accepted a gift; Emperor Wen was angry and dismissed him. Later magistrate of Lin'an; he lost his title for beating a man to death. He returned as Attendant Gentleman of the Yellow Gate, served as magistrate of Yanguan, became Director of the Palace Library, and oversaw national history. Also Minister of Palace Supplies, promoted to Grand Master of Palace Service and Colonel of Foot Soldiers; he died. Chi was skilled in calligraphy; in composition he loved strange characters, which literary men mocked. He had a collection of ten scrolls.