Qin and Han · King of Jiaoxi

Ang 卬

Died BC 154

Passages: 18
Chapters: 3
Histories: 2

Overview

The translated histories identify Ang as an aristocrat, rebel, royal family member, and ruler. This record brings together 18 passages from 3 chapters across 2 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Ang	卬	Ang
Given	Ang	卬	Ang
Personal name	Ang	卬	Ang
Title	King Ang of Jiaoxi	膠西王卬
Title	King of Jiaoxi	膠西王
Title	King of Jiaoxi	膠西王	Jiaoxi Wang
Personal	Liu Ang	卬	Liu Ang
Title		膠西王卬	Jiaoxi Wang Ang

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Explicit · hanshu:006:s0057, hanshu:044:s0271, shiji:011:s0024

Roles

Aristocrat
Rebel
Royal Family Member
Ruler

Life and dates

Death

Manner: suicide · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 三年 · Western Year: BC 154
Explicit · hanshu:006:s0064
suicide / 自殺
Explicit · hanshu:044:s0232

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 三年 · Western Year: BC 154
Explicit · hanshu:006:s0057, shiji:011:s0024

Career and standing

enfeoffed as king / 王
Explicit · hanshu:044:s0188
Title: King of Jiaoxi / 膠西王 · Action: held
Explicit · shiji:011:s0024
King of Jiaoxi / 膠西王
Explicit · hanshu:044:s0191

Events and relationships

Kind: military · Role: rebel-leader · Action: raised troops · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 三年 · Western Year: BC 154
Explicit · hanshu:006:s0057
Kind: military · Role: rebel-leader · Action: rebelled · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 三年 · Western Year: BC 154
Explicit · shiji:011:s0024
Type: son-of · Person Id: Liu Fei (劉肥)
Explicit · hanshu:044:s0188

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Book of Han, Chapter 6Volume 5: Annals of Emperor Jing · 2 passages

吳王濞、膠西王卬、楚王戊、趙王遂、濟南王辟光、菑川王賢、膠東王雄渠皆舉兵反。 Kings Pi of Wu, Ang of Jiaoxi, Wu of Chu, Sui of Zhao, Bi Guang of Jinan, Xian of Zichuan, and Xiong Qu of Jiaodong all raised troops in rebellion.

膠西王卬、楚王戊、趙王遂、濟南王辟光、菑川王賢、膠東王雄渠皆自殺。 Kings Ang of Jiaoxi, Wu of Chu, Sui of Zhao, Bi Guang of Jinan, Xian of Zichuan, and Xiong Qu of Jiaodong all committed suicide.

Book of Han, Chapter 44Volume 35: Princes of Jing, Yan and Wu · 15 passages

膠西王卬以賣爵事有姦，削其六縣。 The King of Jiaoxi, Ang, had improprieties in the sale of noble ranks; six counties were stripped from him.

念諸侯無足與計者，聞膠西王勇，好兵，諸侯皆畏憚之，於是乃使中大夫應高口說膠西王曰：「吳王不肖，有夙夜之憂，不敢自外，使使臣諭其愚心。」 He found no other prince fit to conspire with, but heard that the king of Jiaoxi was brave and warlike and that the other lords all feared him. He therefore sent Palace Counsellor Ying Gao with an oral message: “The king of Wu, unworthy as he is, lies awake at night with worry; he dares not keep you at arm’s length and sends me to voice his humble heart.”

膠西王瞿然駭曰：「寡人何敢如是？ The king of Jiaoxi started, aghast: “How should I dare such a thing?

膠西王、膠東王為渠率，與菑川、濟南共攻圍臨菑。 The kings of Jiaoxi and Jiaodong led the host, and with Zichuan and Jinan jointly invested Linzi.

發使遺諸侯書曰：「吳王劉濞敬問膠西王、膠東王、菑川王、濟南王、趙王、楚王、淮南王、衡山王、廬江王、故長沙王子：幸教！ His messengers carried a manifesto: “The king of Wu Liu Bi greets the kings of Jiaoxi, Jiaodong, Zichuan, Jinan, Zhao, Chu, Huainan, Hengshan, Lujiang, and the heir of old Changsha—may you instruct me!

高皇帝親垂功德，建立諸侯，幽王、悼惠王絕無後，孝文皇帝哀憐加惠，王幽王子遂，悼惠王子卬等，令奉其先王宗廟，為漢藩國，德配天地，明並日月。 Gaozu set up the kingdoms; when You of Zhao and Daohui of Qi died without heirs, Xiaowen raised Sui, Ang, and the rest to tend their shrines as Han’s shield—his kindness spanned heaven and earth and shone like the luminaries.

今乃與楚王戊、趙王遂、膠西王卬、濟南王辟光、菑川王賢、膠東王雄渠約從謀反，為逆無道，起兵以危宗廟，賊殺大臣及漢使者，迫劫萬民，伐殺無罪，燒殘民家，掘其丘壟，甚為虐暴。 Now he leagues with Liu Wu, king of Chu, Liu Sui of Zhao, Liu Ang of Jiaoxi, Pi Guang of Jinan, Liu Xian of Zichuan, and Liu Xiongqü of Jiaodong—lawless traitors who menace the temples, butcher ministers and envoys, dragoon the people, kill the guiltless, burn homes, and open graves—monstrous cruelty.

而卬等又重逆無道，燒宗廟，鹵御物，朕甚痛之。 Ang’s crew have burned the shrines and plundered the palace stores—Our heart is torn.

漢兵至，膠西、膠東、菑川王各引兵歸國。 Imperial columns approached; the kings of Jiaoxi, Jiaodong, and Zichuan peeled off and raced for home.

膠西王徒跣，席稿，飲水，謝太后。 Liu Ang shed shoes, sat on rough straw, drank nothing but water, and begged his mother’s pardon.

王肉袒叩頭漢軍壁，謁曰：「臣卬奉法不謹，驚駭百姓，乃苦將軍遠道至于窮國，敢請葅醢之罪。」 Ang stripped to the chest, kowtowed at the Han lines, and said, “I broke the law, frightened the people, and dragged you to this poor corner—I deserve dismemberment.”

王頓首膝行對曰：「今者，朝錯天子用事臣，變更高皇帝法令，侵奪諸侯地。 On his knees Ang said, “Chao Cuo rules the court, rewrites Gaozu’s statutes, and gnaws at princely fiefs.

卬等以為不義，恐其敗亂天下，七國發兵，且以誅錯。 We judged that wicked and feared he would wreck the realm; the seven kingdoms rose chiefly to kill Cuo.

今聞錯已誅，卬等謹已罷兵歸。」 Word came that Cuo is dead; we have stood down and gone home.”

王曰：「如卬等死有餘罪。」 Ang said, “Men like me deserve more than one death.”

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 11Annals of the Xiaojing Emperor · 1 passage

吳王濞、楚王戊、趙王遂、膠西王卬、濟南王辟光、菑川王賢、膠東王雄渠反，發兵西鄉。 The Kings Bi of Wu, Wu of Chu, Sui of Zhao, Ang of Jiaoxi, Piguang of Jinan, Xian of Zichuan, and Xiongqu of Jiaodong rebelled, raised armies, and marched west.