Changqing (常清) | 24 Histories

Overview

Changqing was a general and Official.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Childhood name	Feng the Second	封二	Feng Er

Life and dates

Death

Execution · At the execution ground 所刑處
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 186, 188

Attested activity

AD 755 十四載，十一月
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 134, 136-141
AD 756 十四載十二月
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 143-148, 150-151, 154, 156-161, 163, 171, 185
AD 756 仙芝歸至厅…遂斬之（潼關）
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 186, 188, 197

Career and standing

inspector of the left and right wings 監巡左右廂諸軍
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 151
military commissioner 節度
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 139
judge 判官
AD 756 仙芝歸至厅…遂斬之（潼關） · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 197
Military Commissioner of Fanyang 范陽節度
Appointed · From Source Date: Text: 十四載，十一月，翌日 · Regnal Year: 14 · Month: 11 · Western Year: AD 755 · At Fanyang 范陽
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 139
ranks and titles 官爵
AD 756 十四載十二月 · Stripped
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 150
military commissioner 節度使
AD 756 仙芝歸至厅…遂斬之（潼關） · Succeeded · With Xianzhi (仙芝)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 197

Show 3 more source-backed claims

plain clothes 白衣
AD 756 十四載十二月 · Commoner dress service · Entered
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 150
bonds loosed 解縛
Bound prisoner then released · Released · Mode self-report Source Person Id Changqing (常清)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 162
execution 誅
AD 756 十四載十二月 · Sentenced · At Tong Pass 潼關
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 155-156, 159

Places and affiliations

Polity Tang 唐 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 134, 139
AD 755 十四載，十一月，翌日
At Eastern Capital 東京 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 137, 140-141
AD 755 十四載，十一月
At Huaqing Palace 華清宮 · Relation Visited
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 134
At Chang'an 長安 · Relation Sought audience at · Negated true · Mode self-report Source Person Id Changqing (常清)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 168
At Hangu Pass 函谷關 · Relation Blocked from · Mode self-report Source Person Id Changqing (常清)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 169
At Shan commandery 陜郡 · Relation Fled to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 148

Show 1 more source-backed claim

At Tong Pass 潼關 · Relation Present at
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 156

Works and attributed material

Spring and Autumn Annals 春秋
Relation Reader · Mode self-report Source Person Id Changqing (常清)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 170
memorial awaiting punishment 表待罪
Relation Author
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 158, 160
Speech · Speaker · Addressed to Bian Lingcheng (邊令誠) · Direct quotation · Mode quoted-speech Speaker Changqing (常清)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 157
Memorial · Author · Addressed to Emperor Xuanzong (玄宗) · Direct quotation · Transmitter Person Id Bian Lingcheng (邊令誠) · Units s0160, s0161, s0162, s0163, s0164, s0165, s0166, s0167, s0168, s0169, s0170, s0171, s0172, s0173, s0174, s0175, s0176, s0177, s0178, s0179, s0180, s0181, s0182, s0183, s0184, s0185 · Mode quoted-document Source Person Id Changqing (常清)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 160-185
Memorial · Speaker · Addressed to Emperor Xuanzong (玄宗) · Direct quotation · Mode quoted-speech Speaker Changqing (常清)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 136-137
Speech · Addressee · Speaker Xianzhi (仙芝) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 197

Events and relationships

Body displayed
Legal · Executed · At rush mat 蘧蒢
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 186
Cut bridge
Military · Commander · At Heyang Bridge 河陽橋
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 141
Defeated
Battle · Commander · At Duting Station 都亭驛 · Outcome Defeat
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 145
Defeated
Battle · Commander · At Xuanren Gate 宣仁門 · Outcome Defeat
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 146
Felled trees to block pursuit
Retreat · Commander · At Tixiang Gate 提象門
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 147
Fought Jie rebels
AD 756 今月七日……十三日 · Battle · Commander · At Eastern Capital 東京 · Mode self-report Source Person Id Changqing (常清)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 171-173

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Fought vanguard
Battle · Commander · With Lushan (祿山) · Outcome Killed tens or hundreds
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 143
Informed of rebel strength
Report · Reporter · With Gao Xianzhi (高仙芝) · At Shan commandery 陜郡
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 148
Prepared defense
Military · Defender · At Eastern Capital 東京
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 141
Raised troops
AD 755 十四載，十一月，翌日 · Recruitment · Commander · At Eastern Capital 東京 · Quantity 60000
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 140
Received in audience
AD 755 十四載，十一月 · Court audience · Subject · With Emperor Xuanzong (玄宗) · At Huaqing Palace 華清宮
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 134
Sent three memorials after city fell
Memorializing · Author · With Emperor Xuanzong (玄宗) · Negated Audience true · Mode self-report Source Person Id Changqing (常清)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 164
Submitted deathbed memorial
Remonstrance · Author · With Emperor Xuanzong (玄宗) · Mode self-report Source Person Id Changqing (常清)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 179, 181-182, 185
Turned back by edict
Travel · Subject · At Weinan 渭南
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 158
Volunteered to defend eastern capital
Proposal · Petitioner · With Emperor Xuanzong (玄宗) · At Eastern Capital 東京
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 137
Withdrew and was defeated
Battle · Commander · At Upper East Gate 上東門 · With Lushan (祿山) · Outcome Defeat
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 144
Relation Ordered to follow · Person Gao Xianzhi (高仙芝) · At Shanzhou 陜州 · Mode self-report Source Person Id Changqing (常清)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 161
Relation Subordinate of · Person Gao Xianzhi (高仙芝)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 148, 150-151
Relation Protege of · Person Xianzhi (仙芝)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 197
Relation Opponent of · Person Lushan (祿山)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 136, 143, 181

Assessments and attributes

Assessment led untrained market rabble yet blocked roads with the slain · Mode self-report Source Person Id Changqing (常清)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 172-173
Item black clothes 皁衣 · Relation Wore
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passage 151

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 104, passages 136, 186

References in the histories

Search passages

History

17 passages

Old Book of Tang, Chapter 104Volume 100 Biographies 50: Yin Sizhen, Li Jie, Jie Wan, Bi Gou, Su Xiang, Zheng Weizhong, Wang Zhiyin, Lu Congyuan, Li Chaoyin, Pei Cui, Wang Qiu · 17 passages

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常清奏曰：「祿山領兇徒十萬，徑犯中原，太平斯久，人不知戰。 Changqing said, "Lushan leads a hundred thousand rebels straight against the heartland; after so long at peace, our people scarcely know war.

翌日，以常清為范陽節度，俾募兵東討。 The next day he was made commissioner of Fanyang and ordered east to raise an army.

其日，常清乘驛赴東京召募，旬日得兵六萬，皆傭保市井之流。 That same day he rode post-horses to the Eastern Capital and in ten days raised sixty thousand men — hirelings and street rabble every one.

常清使驍騎與柘羯逆戰，殺賊數十百人。 Changqing sent his best horsemen against the Zhejie vanguard and killed several hundred rebels.

賊大軍繼至，常清退入上東門，又戰不利，賊鼓噪於四城門入，殺掠人吏。 The main rebel host followed; Changqing fell back to the Upper East Gate, fought again and lost; the rebels stormed all four gates, killing and plundering throughout the city.

常清又戰於都亭驛，不勝。 He fought again at Duting Station and was beaten.

玄宗聞常清敗，削其官爵，令白衣於仙芝軍效力。 When the emperor heard of Changqing's defeat he stripped his rank and ordered him to serve in plain clothes under Xianzhi.

仙芝令常清監巡左右廂諸軍，常清衣皁衣以從事。 Xianzhi set Changqing to inspect the left and right wings of the army, dressed in plain black.

令誠入奏事，具言仙芝、常清逗撓奔敗之狀。 Lingcheng reported to court that Xianzhi and Changqing had dallied, fled, and been defeated.

令誠至潼關，引常清於驛南西街，宣敕示之。 At Tong Pass Lingcheng led Changqing to the lane south of the post station and read the edict of execution.

常清曰：「常清所以不死者，不忍汙國家旌麾，受戮賊手，討逆無效，死乃甘心。」 Changqing said, "I have lived only so as not to die under rebel blades and defile the imperial banners; though I failed against the traitors, I welcome death."