Chongqi (崇綺) | 24 Histories

Overview

The translated histories identify Chongqi as an aristocrat, family member, named individual, and official. This record brings together 15 passages from 4 chapters across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Chongqi	崇綺	Chóngqí
Clan	Arut	阿魯特氏	Ālǔtè
Personal name	Chong Qi	崇綺	Chóng Qí
Personal name	Chongqi	崇綺	Chóngqí
Personal	Chongqi	崇綺	Chongqi
Title	third-class Duke who inherits grace	三等承恩公
Posthumous name	Wenjie	文節	Wénjié
Courtesy name	Wenshan	文山	Wénshān

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Explicit · qingshigao:392:s0056, qingshigao:466:s0117, qingshigao:468:s0002
Sex: male
Strongly inferred · qingshigao:465:s0085

Roles

Aristocrat
Family Member
Named Individual
Official
Scholar
Statesman

Life and dates

Death

Manner: hanged himself / 自縊死 · Place: Lotus Pond Academy, Baoding / 保定蓮池書院 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 光緒二十六年 · Western Year: AD 1900
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0028

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 二十六年 · Regnal Year: 26 · Western Year: AD 1900
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:466:s0117, qingshigao:466:s0013
Source Date: Text: 光緒七年 · Western Year: AD 1881
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0020
Source Date: Text: 光緒九年 · Western Year: AD 1883
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0021
Source Date: Text: 光緒二十六年 · Western Year: AD 1900
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0024, qingshigao:468:s0025
Source Date: Text: 光緒二年 · Western Year: AD 1876
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0013
Source Date: Text: 光緒五年 · Western Year: AD 1879
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:465:s0083, qingshigao:465:s0085, qingshigao:468:s0018
Source Date: Text: 光緒元年 · Western Year: AD 1875
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:392:s0055, qingshigao:392:s0056
Source Date: Text: 光緒四年 · Western Year: AD 1878
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0016
Source Date: Text: 同治三年 · Western Year: AD 1864
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0008
Source Date: Text: 同治九年 · Western Year: AD 1870
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0010
Source Date: Text: 同治十一年 · Western Year: AD 1872
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0011
Source Date: Text: 咸豐四年 · Western Year: AD 1854
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0005

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Ancestor of Lian Ding (廉定)
Kinship Term: grandson / 孫 · Generation Distance: 2 · Subject Role: grandfather · Object Role: grandson
Kinship Term: grandson / 孫 · Generation Distance: 2
Ancestor of Lian Hong (廉宏)
Kinship Term: grandson / 孫 · Generation Distance: 2
Kinship Term: grandson / 孫 · Generation Distance: 2
Ancestor of Lian Mi (廉密)
Kinship Term: grandson / 孫 · Generation Distance: 2
Kinship Term: grandson / 孫 · Generation Distance: 2
Ancestor of Lian Rong (廉容)
Kinship Term: grandson / 孫 · Generation Distance: 2
Kinship Term: grandson / 孫 · Generation Distance: 2
Ancestor of Fa Liang (法亮)
Kinship Term: great-grandson / 曾孫 · Generation Distance: 3
Kinship Term: great-grandson / 曾孫 · Generation Distance: 3
Parent of Empress Xiaozhe (孝哲皇后)
Kinship Term: daughter / 女 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: daughter
Kinship Term: daughter / 女 · Parentage: biological
Child of Saishang'a (賽尚阿)
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father
Spouse of Wife of Chong Qi (崇綺妻瓜爾佳氏)
Kinship Term: wife / 妻 · Union Category: marriage · Subject Role: husband · Object Role: wife
Kinship Term: husband / 夫 · Union Category: marriage
Parent of Baochu (葆初)
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son

Origins and identity

Ethnicity: Mongol / 蒙古
Explicit · qingshigao:468:s0002

Career and standing

Label: reader-in-waiting / 侍講 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 九年 · Western Year: AD 1870
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0010
Label: acting chancellor of the Hanlin Academy / 署翰林院掌院學士 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二十六年 · Western Year: AD 1900
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0025
Label: commander-in-chief of Rehe / 熱河都統 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 五年 · Western Year: AD 1879
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0018
Label: deputy lieutenant-general of the Han Bordered Yellow Banner / 鑲黃旗漢軍副都統 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 光緒二年 · Western Year: AD 1876
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0013
Label: Hanlin compiler / 修撰 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 同治三年 · Western Year: AD 1864
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0009
Label: seventh-rank clerk in the Ministry of War / 兵部七品筆帖式 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 咸豐四年 · Western Year: AD 1854
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0005
Label: acting general / 署將軍 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 四年 · Western Year: AD 1878
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0016
Label: minister of Revenue / 戶部尚書 · Action: appointed
Explicit · qingshigao:468:s0022
Label: associate examiner for the metropolitan examinations / 會試副考官 · Action: held · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 光緒二年 · Western Year: AD 1876
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0013
Label: clerk supervising banner troop training / 督練旗兵處文案 · Action: held · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 咸豐四年 · Western Year: AD 1854
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0005
Label: director in the Ministry of Works / 工部主事 · Action: held
Explicit · qingshigao:468:s0004
Label: Grand Secretariat academician / 內閣學士 · Action: held
Explicit · qingshigao:468:s0012
Label: vice minister of Personnel / 吏部侍郎 · Action: held
Explicit · qingshigao:468:s0012
Label: vice minister of Revenue / 戶部侍郎 · Action: held
Explicit · qingshigao:468:s0012
Label: director / 主事 · Action: promoted
Explicit · qingshigao:468:s0006
Label: vice director / 員外郎 · Action: promoted
Explicit · qingshigao:468:s0007
Label: general of Mukden / 盛京將軍 · Action: transferred · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 七年 · Western Year: AD 1881
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0020
Label: enshrined in the Shrine of Manifest Loyalty / 入祀昭忠祠 · Action: granted
Explicit · qingshigao:468:s0029
Title: third-class Duke who inherits grace / 三等承恩公 · Action: granted · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 十一年 · Western Year: AD 1872
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0011
Status: retirement · Action: resigned-for-illness · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 九年 · Western Year: AD 1883
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0021
Status: pardon · Action: pardoned · Label: pardoned / 被宥
Explicit · qingshigao:468:s0017
Status: dismissal · Action: stripped-of-office · Label: stripped of office / 褫職
Explicit · qingshigao:468:s0004
Status: self-impeachment · Action: submitted · Label: self-impeachment / 自劾
Explicit · qingshigao:468:s0017

Places and affiliations

Label: Qing / 清 · Relation: served
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0117
Polity: Qing / 清 · Relation: served
Explicit · qingshigao:465:s0085, qingshigao:468:s0002
Place: Plain Blue Banner (Mongol) / 蒙古正藍旗
Explicit · qingshigao:468:s0002
Place: Baoding / 保定 · Relation: fled-to · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 光緒二十六年 · Western Year: AD 1900
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0028

Learning and skills

Credential: jinshi first in the first class / 一甲一名進士 · Action: earned · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 同治三年 · Western Year: AD 1864
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0009
Belief: Boxer movement / 義和團 · Relation: adherent-of · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 光緒二十六年 · Western Year: AD 1900
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0027

Works and attributed material

Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Text: 民氣可用 · Quoted: true · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二十六年 · Regnal Year: 26 · Western Year: AD 1900
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0117, qingshigao:466:s0013

Events and relationships

Kind: political · Role: debater · Action: debated-with-Lian-Yuan · Other Person Id: Lian Yuan (聯元) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二十六年 · Regnal Year: 26 · Western Year: AD 1900
Explicit · qingshigao:466:s0118, qingshigao:466:s0013
Kind: military · Role: defender · Action: defended-inner-city · Place: Tianjin / 天津
Explicit · qingshigao:468:s0006
Kind: judicial · Role: investigator · Action: investigated-drought-concealment · Other Person Id: Shao Hengyu (邵亨豫) · Place: Henan / 河南 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 光緒二年 · Western Year: AD 1876
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0015
Kind: examination · Role: chief-examiner · Action: presided · Place: Henan / 河南 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 九年 · Western Year: AD 1870
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0010
Kind: legal · Role: investigator · Action: reinvestigated-Mingan-case · Other Person Id: Ming'an (銘安)
Explicit · qingshigao:465:s0085
Kind: military · Role: clerk · Action: served-during-Taiping-threat · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 咸豐四年 · Western Year: AD 1854
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0005
Kind: judicial · Role: judge · Action: tried-case · Other Person Id: Wo Xing'e (倭興額) · Place: Jilin / 吉林 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 四年 · Western Year: AD 1878
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:468:s0016
Relation: political-ally-of · Person Id: Xu Tong (徐桐)
Explicit · qingshigao:468:s0026
Relation: tutor-of · Person Id: Pujun (溥俊)
Explicit · qingshigao:468:s0025

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: integrity and loyalty clarified by death · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · qingshigao:468:s0155

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 392Volume 392 Biographies 179: Sai Shang A, Ne Er Jing E · 1 passage

Open chapter

子崇綺，自有傳。 His son Chongqi has his own biography.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 465Volume 465 Biographies 252: Xu Tong With: Yu Shi, Yu Shi Son: Cheng Yu, Gang Yi, Zhao Shuqiao, Qi Xiu, Ying Nian, Yu Lu With: Ting Yong, Yu Xian With: Li Tingxiao · 1 passage

Open chapter

論者以按銘安事多徇芘，攻甚力，命崇綺覆按，無左驗，免議。 Critics accused him of favoritism in the Ming'an case; Chongqi reinvestigated, found no proof, and Qi Xiu escaped punishment.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 466Volume 466 Biographies 253: Xu Yongyi, Xu Jingcheng, Yuan Chang, Li Shan, Lian Yuan · 2 passages

Open chapter

大臣負清望者徐桐、崇綺，皆謂：「民氣可用。」 Respected ministers Xu Tong and Chongqi both declared, "The people's spirit can be harnessed."

聯元與崇綺爭論帝前，謂：「民氣可用，匪氣不可用。」 Before the emperor Lian Yuan argued with Chongqi: "Popular spirit may be used, but bandit spirit must not."

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 468Volume 468 Biographies 255: Chong Qi Son: Bao Chu Deng, Zhi Jun, Yan Mao Younger Brother: Yan Zhi, Se Pu Zheng E, Wang Yirong, Xi Yuan, Zong Shibaofeng, Zong Shishoufu Younger Brother: Shou Fandeng, Song Chengxiang, Wang Tieshan · 11 passages

Open chapter

崇綺子葆初等志鈞延茂弟延芝色普徵額王懿榮熙元宗室寶豐宗室壽富弟壽蕃等宋承庠王鐵珊崇綺，字文山，阿魯特氏，蒙古正藍旗人，大學士賽尚阿子。 The subjects of this chapter are Chong Qi (and his son Baochu and others), Zhi Jun, Yan Mao (and his younger brother Yan Zhi), Se Pu Zheng'e, Wang Yirong, Xi Yuan, the imperial clansman Bao Feng, the imperial clansman Shou Fu (and his younger brother Shou Fan and others), Song Chengxiang, and Wang Tieshan. Chong Qi, style name Wenshan, was of the Arut clan, a Mongol of the Plain Blue Banner, and the son of Grand Secretary Sai Shang'a.

同治三年，將軍都興阿以崇綺諳兵事，奏自隨，兵部疏留。 In 1864, General Du Xing'a, finding Chong Qi knowledgeable in military affairs, asked that he accompany his campaign, but the Ministry of War intervened to keep him at court.

是歲成一甲一名進士，立國二百數十年，滿、蒙人試漢文獲授修撰者，止崇綺一人，士論榮之。 That year he placed first in the highest tier of the civil service examinations. In the more than two centuries since the dynasty's founding, he was the only Manchu or Mongol to win first place in the Han-language examinations and be appointed Hanlin compiler—an achievement scholars widely celebrated.

四年，吉林駐防侍衛倭興額被盜誣控，詔與侍郎馮譽驥往讞，尋命崇綺署將軍專治之。 In 1878, Wo Xing'e, a bodyguard stationed in Jilin, was falsely accused of theft; Chong Qi was sent with Vice Minister Feng Yuji to try the case, and soon afterward was ordered to act as general and take exclusive charge of it.

倭興額控如故，事下侍郎志和覈覆，得誣告狀，崇綺自劾，被宥。 Wo Xing'e's accusation stood unchanged until Vice Minister Zhi He reviewed the case and confirmed it was a false charge; Chong Qi submitted a self-impeachment and was pardoned.

初，穆宗崩，孝哲皇后以身殉，崇綺不自安，故再引疾。 After Emperor Muzong died and Empress Xiaozhe followed him in death, Chong Qi felt ill at ease at court and therefore pleaded illness a second time.

乃起崇綺於家，俾署翰林院掌院學士，傅溥俊。 Chong Qi was then recalled from retirement and appointed acting chancellor of the Hanlin Academy to tutor Pu Jun.

於是崇綺再出，與徐桐比而言廢立，甚得太后寵，恩眷與桐埒。 Chong Qi thus returned to power; like Xu Tong he spoke openly of deposing and installing rulers, won the empress dowager's deep favor, and received imperial grace equal to Tong's.

義和團起，朝貴崇奉者十之七八，而崇綺亦信仰之。 When the Boxer movement arose, seven or eight out of ten court grandees embraced it, and Chong Qi was among the believers.

榮祿以聞，賜奠醊，入祀昭忠祠，諡文節。 Rong Lu reported his death; the court granted libation offerings, enshrined him in the Shrine of Manifest Loyalty, and gave him the posthumous title Wenjie.

崇綺久著清節，終以一死自明。 Chong Qi had long been known for his integrity and in the end made his loyalty clear through death.