Three Kingdoms and Six Dynasties · Ruler and Clan Leader

Duan Liao 段遼

First attested AD 333; died AD 340

Passages: 22
Chapters: 1
Histories: 1

Overview

Duan Liao was a ruler and Clan Leader.

Life and dates

Death

AD 340 又聞庾亮薨
Execution · Authority Murong Huang (慕容皝)
Directly stated · Book of Jin 109, passage 74

Attested activity

AD 337 to AD 338 咸康三年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Jin 109, passages 60, 62-63, 70-71
AD 340 又聞庾亮薨
Dated from the passage context · Book of Jin 109, passages 74, 82
AD 334 咸和九年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Jin 109, passage 23
AD 335 to AD 337 咸康初
Dated from the passage context · Book of Jin 109, passages 42, 48, 50, 54
AD 334 to AD 348 在位十五年…永和四年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Jin 109, passages 147, 156, 158
AD 333 to AD 334 廆卒後至咸和九年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Jin 109, passage 13

Show 1 more source-backed claim

AD 338 to AD 339 段遼與皝相攻
Dated from the passage context · Book of Jin 109, passages 204, 208

Family

Sibling of Duan Lan (段蘭)
younger brother 弟
Directly stated · Book of Jin 109, passage 24

Career and standing

Repeated
Border trouble
Directly stated · Book of Jin 109, passage 60
execution 誅
Suffered · Authority Murong Huang (慕容皝)
Directly stated · Book of Jin 109, passage 74
Suffered
Captured · Authority Murong Ke (恪)
Directly stated · Book of Jin 109, passage 71

Places and affiliations

Polity Duan of Liaoxi 段氏 · Relation Ruled
Directly stated · Book of Jin 109, passages 203-204
Polity Duan 段 · Relation Ruled
Directly stated · Book of Jin 109, passages 42, 60, 156
At Miyun Mountain 密雲山 · Relation Fled to
Directly stated · Book of Jin 109, passage 63

Events and relationships

Backed Ren
AD 333 to AD 334 廆卒後至咸和九年 · Military · Ally · With Murong Ren (慕容仁)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Jin 109, passage 20
Defeated
Military · Defeated party
Dated from the passage context · Book of Jin 109, passage 82
Feigned surrender
Diplomatic · Deceiver · With Shi Hu (石季龍)
Directly stated · Book of Jin 109, passage 70
Fled
AD 344 建元二年 · Military · Defeated party
Dated from the passage context · Book of Jin 109, passage 164
Plotted rebellion
Political · Plotter
Directly stated · Book of Jin 109, passage 74
Rejected counsel
Political · Addressee · With Yang Yu (陽裕)
Directly stated · Book of Jin 109, passages 204, 208

Show 3 more source-backed claims

Requested escort
AD 338 裕以左丞領征東麻秋司馬 · Military · Petitioner · With Shi Hu (石季龍)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Jin 109, passage 211
Warred against
AD 338 to AD 339 段遼與皝相攻 · Military · Antagonist · With Murong Huang (慕容皝)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Jin 109, passage 204
Relation Patron host of · Person Murong Han (慕容翰)
Directly stated · Book of Jin 109, passage 156

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Book of Jin 109, passage 42

References in the histories

Search passages

History

22 passages

Book of Jin, Chapter 109Volume 109 Records 9: Murong Huang · 22 passages

至此，翰出奔段遼，仁勸昭舉兵廢皝。 Murong Han fled to Duan Liao, while Murong Ren urged Murong Zhao to revolt and depose Huang.

宇文歸、段遼及鮮卑諸部並為之援， Yuwen Gui, Duan Liao, and other Xianbei chiefs backed him.

段遼遂寇徒河，皝將張萌逆擊，敗之。 Duan Liao then invaded Tuhe, but Huang’s general Zhang Meng intercepted and routed him.

旬余，蘭、翰復圍柳城，皝遣甯遠慕容汗及封弈等救之。 Ten-odd days later Duan Lan and Murong Han, the kinsman who had joined Duan Liao, again besieged Liucheng; Huang sent the Ningyuan general, a different Murong Han, together with Feng Yi and others to relieve the city.

段遼遣將李詠夜襲武興，遇雨，引還，都尉張萌追擊，擒詠。 Duan Liao’s night raid on Wuxing failed in the rain; Zhang Meng ran down Li Yong and captured him.

俄而遼騎果至，弈夾擊，大敗之，斬其將榮保。 When Duan Liao’s riders appeared, Feng Yi caught them in a pincer, slew Rong Bao, and routed the column.

使其世子俊伐段遼諸城，封弈攻宇文別部，皆大捷而歸。 His heir Murong Jun stormed Duan Liao’s towns while Feng Yi struck the Yuwen—both returned in triumph.

乙連饑甚，段遼輸之粟，蘭勃要擊獲之。 When Yilian starved, Duan Liao sent grain; Lan Bo seized the convoy.

遼遣將屈雲攻興國，與皝將慕容遵大戰于五官水上，雲敗，斬之，盡俘其眾。 Qu Yun attacked Xingguo but Murong Zun destroyed him at Wuguan River and took his entire force.

皝以段遼屢為邊患，遣將軍宋回稱籓于石季龍，請師討遼。 Troubled by Duan Liao, he sent Song Hui to submit to Shi Hu and beg for an allied expedition.

皝率諸軍攻遼令支以北諸城，遼遣其將段蘭來距，大戰，敗之，斬級數千，掠五千餘戶而歸。 Huang stormed Duan Liao’s strongholds north of Lingzhi, crushed Duan Lan, took thousands of heads, and carried off more than five thousand households.

季龍至徐無，遼奔密雲山。 Shi Hu reached Xuwu while Duan Liao fled into Miyun Mountain.

段遼遣使詐降于季龍，請兵應接。 Duan Liao feigned submission to Shi Hu and asked for an escort.

季龍遣其將麻秋率眾迎遼，恪伏精騎七千於密雲山，大敗之，獲其司馬陽裕、將軍鮮于亮，擁段遼及其部眾以歸。 Shi Hu sent Ma Qiu to fetch him; Murong Ke ambushed seven thousand elite riders at Miyun, captured Yang Yu and Xianyu Liang, and brought Duan Liao in.

段遼謀叛，皝誅之。 When Duan Liao plotted revolt, Huang put him to death.

初，段遼之敗也，建威翰奔于宇文歸，自以威名夙振，終不保全，乃陽狂恣酒，被髮歌呼。 After Duan Liao’s fall Murong Han fled to Yuwen Gui, reckoned his fame would never let him live, and feigned madness—drinking, singing, and disheveled hair.

及奔段遼，深為遼所敬愛。 Duan Liao honored him after his defection.

後石季龍征遼，皝親將三軍略令支以北，遼議欲追之，翰知皝躬自總戎，戰必克勝，乃謂遼曰：「今石氏向至，方對大故，不宜復以小小為事。 Later when Shi Hu campaigned against Duan Liao and Murong Huang personally led an army to raid north of Lingzhi, Duan Liao debated pursuit. Knowing Huang commanded in person and must win, Murong Han told Duan Liao, "Now the Shi are about to arrive and you face a great enemy; you should not again take up small matters.

及遼奔走，翰又北投宇文歸。 When Duan Liao fled in defeat, Han again went north to Yuwen Gui.

段遼與皝相攻，裕諫曰：「臣聞親仁善鄰，國之寶也。 When Duan Liao and Murong Huang clashed, Yang Yu urged, “A state’s greatest treasure is to cherish kindness and befriend one’s neighbors.

遼不從。 Duan Liao refused.

段遼之請迎于季龍也，裕以左丞領征東麻秋司馬。 When Duan Liao asked Shi Hu for an escort, Yang Yu served as chief clerk under Ma Qiu.