Ancient China · Ruler

Duke Xiang of Song 宋襄公

Song Xianggong

Attested BC 650 - BC 638

Passages: 2
Chapters: 2
Histories: 2

Overview

Duke Xiang of Song was a ruler.

Life and dates

Attested activity

BC 650 宋襄公
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 31, passage 125
BC 638 敗於泓
Dated from the passage context · Book of Later Han 76, passage 225

Key source chapters

Book of Later Han, Chapter 76 Volume 69: Biographies of Dou, He 1 passage
Records of the Three Kingdoms, Chapter 31 Volume 31: Book of Shu 1: Biographies of the Two Governor Lius 1 passage

Places and affiliations

Polity Song 宋 · Relation Ruled
Directly stated · Book of Later Han 76, passage 225

Works and attributed material

Historical allusion · Subject · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Later Han 76, passages 224-225

Events and relationships

Defeated at Hong
BC 638 敗於泓 · Military · Commander · At Hong 泓
Directly stated · Book of Later Han 76, passage 225

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Book of Later Han 76, passage 225

References in the histories

Book of Later Han, Chapter 76Volume 69: Biographies of Dou, He · 1 passage

斯宋襄公所以敗於泓也。 That was the spirit in which Duke Xiang of Song met defeat at Hong.

Records of the Three Kingdoms, Chapter 31Volume 31: Book of Shu 1: Biographies of the Two Governor Lius · 1 passage

〈張璠曰：劉璋愚弱而守善言，斯亦宋襄公、徐偃王之徒，未為無道之主也。〈Zhang Fan remarks: “Liu Zhang was dull and pliant yet clung to fine phrases—much like Duke Xiang of Song or King Yan of Xu; he hardly ranks among the truly lawless rulers.”