Overview
The translated histories identify Emperor Xiaojing as a royal family member and ruler. This record brings together 156 passages from 35 chapters across 5 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.
Names
| Type | English | Chinese | Pinyin |
|---|---|---|---|
| Personal | Emperor Xiaojing | 孝景皇帝 | Xiaojing Huangdi |
| Title | crown prince | 太子 | |
| Title | Crown Prince | 皇太子 | |
| Title | Crown Prince | 太子 | |
| Title | Crown Prince | 太子 | Taizi |
| Title | Crown Prince | 太子 | Tàizǐ |
| Title | Emperor | 帝 | |
| Title | Emperor | 皇帝 | |
| Temple | Emperor Jing | 景帝 | Jingdi |
| Title | Emperor Jing | 景帝 | |
| Title | Emperor Jing | 景帝 | Jing Di |
| Temple name | Emperor Jing | 景帝 | Jǐngdì |
| Title | Emperor Jing | 孝景 | |
| Regnal | Emperor Jing | 景帝 | Jingdi |
| Regnal | Emperor Jing | 孝景 | Xiaojing |
| Temple | Emperor Jing | 景帝 | |
| Temple name | Emperor Jing | 孝景 | Xiaojing |
| Title | Emperor Jing | 景 | |
| Regnal | Emperor Jing | 景帝 | Jǐng dì |
| Title | Emperor Jing | 孝景 | Xiào Jǐng |
| Posthumous | Emperor Jing | 孝景 | Xiàojǐng |
| Temple name | Emperor Jing | 景帝 | Jingdi |
| Regnal | Emperor Jing | 景 | Jing |
| Title | Emperor Jing | 景帝 | Jingdi |
| Posthumous | Emperor Jing | 景帝 | Jǐngdì |
| Temple | Emperor Jing | 景帝 | Jǐngdì |
| Personal name | Emperor Jing | 孝景皇帝 | Xiaojing Huangdi |
| Posthumous | Emperor Jing | 孝景 | Xiaojing |
| Title | Emperor Jing | 孝景帝 | Xiaojing Di |
| Temple | Emperor Jing | 景帝 | Jǐng Dì |
| Temple | Emperor Jing | 景帝 | Jing Di |
| Temple name | Emperor Jing | 孝景 | Xiàojǐng |
| Temple name | Emperor Xiaojing | 孝景皇帝 | Xiaojing Huangdi |
| Temple name | Emperor Xiaojing | 孝景 | |
| Temple | Emperor Xiaojing | 孝景 | |
| Temple name | Emperor Xiaojing | 孝景帝 | |
| Posthumous | Filial Jing | 孝景 | Xiào Jǐng |
| Personal | Han's Jing | 漢景 | |
| Title | heir apparent | 太子 | |
| Title | heir apparent | 太子 | Taizi |
| Title | Jing | 景 | Jing |
| Personal | Jing | 景 | Jing |
| Posthumous | Jing | 景帝 | Jǐngdì |
| Title | Jing | 景 | |
| Personal | Jing | 景 | Jǐng |
| Temple | Jing | 景 | Jing |
| Temple name | Jing | 景 | |
| Title | Son of Heaven | 天子 | |
| Title | Son of Heaven | 天子 | Tianzi |
| Title | the emperor | ||
| Temple name | Xiaojing | 孝景 | Xiaojing |
| Temple | Xiaojing | 孝景 | Xiaojing |
| Temple name | Xiaojing | 孝景 | Xiàojǐng |
| Title | Your Majesty | 陛下 | |
| Temple name | 孝景 | Xiaojing |
Identity
- Historicity
- Historical
- Identification
- Named
- Sex
- Male
- Sex: maleExplicit · hanshu:006:s0001, hanshu:044:s0260, hanshu:046:s0119, hanshu:051:s0080, hanshu:055:s0019, hanshu:066:s0006, hanshu:102:s0020, houhanshu:034:s0056, houhanshu:125:s0004, houhanshu:130:s0089, shiji:011:s0001, shiji:050:s0018, shiji:098:s0068, shiji:100:s0103, shiji:103:s0015, shiji:114:s0008
- Sex: male
- Value: maleStrongly inferred · hanshu:105:s0011
- Value: maleExplicit · shiji:125:s0028, shiji:125:s0031
Roles
- Royal Family Member
- Ruler
Life and dates
Death
- Place: Weiyang Palace / 未央宮 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 後三年春正月甲子 · Western Year: BC 141Explicit · hanshu:006:s0183
- Date Context: Source Date: Text: 後三年正月甲子 · Western Year: BC 141
Attested activity
- Source Date: Text: 八月戊申 · Lunar Month: 8 · Western Year: AD 929Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:143:s0165
- Source Date: Text: 景帝中元五年 · Regnal Year: 5 · Western Year: BC 145Explicit · houhanshu:130:s0089
- Source Date: Text: 七年 · Western Year: BC 150
- Source Date: Text: 七年 · Western Year: BC 150Explicit event contextual date · shiji:011:s0048
- Source Date: Text: 三年 · Western Year: BC 154Explicit · hanshu:006:s0053, hanshu:006:s0057
- Source Date: Text: 三年 · Western Year: BC 154Explicit event contextual date · shiji:011:s0021
- Source Date: Text: 中三年 · Western Year: BC 147
- Source Date: Text: 中三年 · Western Year: BC 147Explicit event contextual date · shiji:011:s0066
- Source Date: Text: 中二年 · Western Year: BC 148
- Source Date: Text: 中二年 · Western Year: BC 148Explicit event contextual date · shiji:011:s0060
- Source Date: Text: 中五年 · Western Year: BC 145Explicit · hanshu:006:s0116, hanshu:006:s0120
- Source Date: Text: 中五年 · Western Year: BC 145Explicit event contextual date · shiji:011:s0071
- Source Date: Text: 中元年 · Western Year: BC 149Explicit · hanshu:006:s0087
- Source Date: Text: 中元年 · Western Year: BC 149Explicit event contextual date · shiji:011:s0056
- Source Date: Text: 中六年 · Western Year: BC 144Explicit · hanshu:006:s0125, hanshu:006:s0129
- Source Date: Text: 中六年 · Western Year: BC 144Explicit event contextual date · shiji:011:s0077
- Source Date: Text: 中四年 · Western Year: BC 146Explicit · hanshu:006:s0109, hanshu:006:s0111
- Source Date: Text: 中四年 · Western Year: BC 146Explicit event contextual date · shiji:011:s0068
- Source Date: Text: 事孝景帝 · Western Interval: Start: BC 157 · End: BC 141Explicit · hanshu:066:s0006
- Source Date: Text: 二年 · Western Year: BC 155Explicit · hanshu:006:s0046, hanshu:006:s0048
- Source Date: Text: 二年 · Western Year: BC 155Explicit event contextual date · shiji:011:s0009
- Source Date: Text: 五年 · Western Year: BC 152Explicit · hanshu:006:s0076, hanshu:006:s0078
- Source Date: Text: 五年 · Western Year: BC 152Explicit event contextual date · shiji:011:s0040
- Source Date: Text: 元年 · Western Year: BC 156Explicit · hanshu:006:s0006
- Source Date: Text: 元年 · Western Year: BC 156Explicit event contextual date · shiji:011:s0004
- Source Date: Text: 六年 · Western Year: BC 151Explicit · hanshu:006:s0079, hanshu:006:s0080
- Source Date: Text: 六年 · Western Year: BC 151Explicit event contextual date · shiji:011:s0045
- Source Date: Text: 四年 · Western Year: BC 153Explicit · hanshu:006:s0071, hanshu:006:s0072
- Source Date: Text: 四年 · Western Year: BC 153Explicit event contextual date · shiji:011:s0034
- Source Date: Text: 太子與梁王 · Western Interval: Start: BC 180 · End: BC 157Explicit event contextual date · shiji:102:s0031
- Source Date: Text: 孝景三年 · Western Year: BC 154Explicit · shiji:114:s0008
- Source Date: Text: 孝景中二年 · Western Year: BC 148Explicit · shiji:098:s0068
- Source Date: Text: 孝景前六年中 · Western Year: BC 151Explicit event contextual date · shiji:103:s0095
- Source Date: Text: 孝景即位 · Western Year: BC 157Explicit · hanshu:055:s0019
- Source Date: Text: 孝景即位 · Western Year: BC 157Explicit event contextual date · shiji:103:s0015
- Source Date: Text: 孝景時 · Western Year: BC 154Explicit event contextual date · shiji:023:s0023, shiji:023:s0025
- Source Date: Text: 建武二十六年 · Western Year: AD 50Explicit event contextual date · houhanshu:110:s0046
- Source Date: Text: 後七年六月 · Western Year: BC 157Explicit · hanshu:006:s0003, hanshu:006:s0004
- Source Date: Text: 後三年 · Western Year: BC 141
- Source Date: Text: 後三年 · Western Year: BC 141Explicit event contextual date · shiji:011:s0107
- Source Date: Text: 後二年 · Western Year: BC 142
- Source Date: Text: 後二年 · Western Year: BC 142Explicit event contextual date · shiji:011:s0095
- Source Date: Text: 後元年 · Western Year: BC 143Explicit · hanshu:006:s0140, hanshu:006:s0150
- Source Date: Text: 後元年 · Western Year: BC 143Explicit event contextual date · shiji:011:s0087
- Source Date: Text: 文、景 · Western Interval: Start: BC 157 · End: BC 141Explicit · mingshi:008:s0159
- Source Date: Text: 文帝 · Western Interval: Start: BC 180 · End: BC 157Explicit · shiji:125:s0028, shiji:125:s0029
- Source Date: Text: 文帝時為太子 · Western Interval: Start: BC 180 · End: BC 157Explicit event contextual date · hanshu:059:s0031
- Source Date: Text: 文帝時為太子 · Western Year: BC 180Explicit event contextual date · shiji:103:s0013
- Source Date: Text: 景帝…吴楚之难 · Western Year: BC 154Explicit event contextual date · houhanshu:125:s0004
- Source Date: Text: 景帝 · Western Interval: Start: BC 157 · End: BC 141Explicit · hanshu:046:s0119
- Source Date: Text: 景帝 · Western Interval: Start: BC 157 · End: BC 141
- Source Date: Text: 景帝中五年 · Western Year: BC 145Explicit · shiji:100:s0103
- Source Date: Text: 景帝之悅濟北 · Western Year: BC 154Explicit event contextual date · houhanshu:034:s0056
- Source Date: Text: 景帝召田叔案梁 · Western Year: BC 148Explicit · shiji:104:s0039
- Source Date: Text: 景帝立 · Western Interval: Start: BC 157 · End: BC 141Explicit event contextual date · shiji:102:s0070
- Source Date: Text: 景帝立 · Western Interval: Start: BC 157 · End: BC 141Explicit · shiji:125:s0031, shiji:125:s0037
- Source Date: Text: 景帝聞之 · Western Interval: Start: BC 157 · End: BC 141Explicit · shiji:124:s0049
- Source Date: Text: 景武之間 · Western Interval: Start: BC 157 · End: BC 87Explicit event contextual date · houhanshu:037:s0112
- Source Date: Text: 漢初 · Western Interval: Start: BC 209 · End: BC 141Explicit event contextual date · hanshu:051:s0080
- Source Date: Text: 漢已平吳楚 · Western Year: BC 154Explicit event contextual date · shiji:050:s0018
- Source Date: Text: 漢文、景之君 · Western Interval: Start: BC 157 · End: BC 141Explicit event contextual date · hanshu:099:s0216
Family
Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.
- Descendant of Empress Dowager Bo (薄氏)Kinship Term: Grand Empress Dowager / 太皇太后 · Generation Distance: 2 · Line: paternal
- Sibling of King of Liang (梁王)Kinship Term: brother / 兄弟 · Shared Parentage: full
- Child of Emperor Wen of Han (漢文)Kinship Term: Crown Prince / 太子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: middle son / 中子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son · Object Birth Order: 2
Kinship Term: son / 兒子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: Crown Prince / 太子 · Parentage: biological
Kinship Term: middle son / 中子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father · Subject Birth Order: 2 - Parent of Crown Prince Li (栗太子)Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: crown prince / 太子 · Parentage: biological - Child of Empress Dowager (太后)Kinship Term: empress dowager / 太后 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: mother · Object Role: son
- Spouse of Empress Bo (薄皇后)Kinship Term: empress / 皇后 · Union Category: primary-marriage · Relationship State: divorced
- Spouse of Empress Wang (王氏)Kinship Term: empress / 皇后 · Union Category: primary-marriage · Relationship State: active
Kinship Term: empress / 皇后 · Union Category: primary-marriage - Parent of Che (徹)Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological
Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son - Parent of Yu (餘)Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
- Parent of Cheng (乘)Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
- Parent of Duan (端)Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological - Parent of Sheng (勝)Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological - Parent of Ji (寄)Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological - Parent of Pengzu (彭祖)Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
- Parent of Rong (榮)Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
- Parent of Fei (非)Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
- Parent of Yue (越)Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological - Parent of Yan (閼)Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
- Parent of De (德)Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
- Parent of Fa (發)Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
- Parent of Shun (舜)Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
- Parent of Liu Shun (舜)Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological - Sibling of Liu Wu (劉武)Kinship Term: King Xiao of Liang / 梁孝王 · Shared Parentage: paternal-half
Kinship Term: King Xiao of Liang / 梁孝王 · Shared Parentage: paternal-half - Child of Lady Dou (竇氏)Kinship Term: mother / 母 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: mother
Kinship Term: mother / 母 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: mother · Object Role: son - Parent of Imperial Princess married to the Xiongnu Chanyu (公主)Kinship Term: princess / 公主 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: daughter
- Child of Emperor Wen (文帝)Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological
- Sibling of King of Liang (梁王)Kinship Term: sons / 兒子 · Shared Parentage: full · Subject Role: brother · Object Role: brother
Career and standing
- Status: emperor · Label: Emperor Jing / 景帝 · Action: heldExplicit · houhanshu:128:s0024, houhanshu:128:s0104
- Title: Emperor / 皇帝 · Action: acceded · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 後七年六月丁未 · Western Year: BC 157Explicit · hanshu:006:s0003, hanshu:006:s0004
- Date Context: Source Date: Text: 景帝立 · Western Year: BC 157Explicit · shiji:102:s0070, shiji:102:s0130
- Office: emperor / 帝Explicit · shiji:125:s0031
- Text: succeeded Emperor WenExplicit event contextual date · hanshu:105:s0034
- 孝景即位Explicit · hanshu:058:s0466
- Text: took the throneExplicit · hanshu:058:s0386
Places and affiliations
- Label: Han / 漢 · Relation: ruledExplicit · shiji:023:s0023
- Label: Western Han / 漢 · Relation: servedExplicit · hanshu:066:s0006
- Polity: HanExplicit · hanshu:058:s0386
- Polity: Han / 漢 · Relation: ofExplicit · hanshu:006:s0001, hanshu:006:s0004
- Polity: Han / 漢 · Relation: ruled
- Polity: Han / 漢 · Relation: servedExplicit · hanshu:055:s0019, shiji:102:s0070
- Polity: Western Han / 漢 · Relation: servedExplicit · hanshu:059:s0070, shiji:103:s0015
- Polity: Western Han / 西汉 · Relation: ruledStrongly inferred · houhanshu:125:s0004
- Polity Text: HanExplicit · hanshu:102:s0020
- Text: Han / 漢Strongly inferred · hanshu:065:s0003
- Place: Yangling / 陽陵 · Relation: buried-at · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二月癸酉 · Western Year: BC 141Explicit · hanshu:006:s0186
Works and attributed material
- Kind: edict · Role: author · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 三年冬十二月 · Western Year: BC 154
- Kind: edict · Role: author · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 三年夏六月 · Western Year: BC 154
- Kind: edict · Role: author · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 中五年九月 · Western Year: BC 145
- Kind: edict · Role: author · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 中六年五月 · Western Year: BC 144
- Kind: edict · Role: author · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 元年冬十月 · Western Year: BC 156
- Kind: edict · Role: author · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 元年春正月 · Western Year: BC 156
- Kind: edict · Role: author · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 元年秋七月 · Western Year: BC 156
- Kind: edict · Role: author · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 後三年 · Western Year: BC 141Explicit · shiji:011:s0114, shiji:011:s0115
- Kind: testamentary-edict · Role: author · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 後三年 · Western Year: BC 141Explicit · hanshu:006:s0184, hanshu:006:s0185
- Kind: edict · Role: author · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 後三年春正月 · Western Year: BC 141
- Kind: edict · Role: author · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 後二年五月 · Western Year: BC 142
- Kind: edict · Role: author · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 後二年夏四月 · Western Year: BC 142
- Kind: edict · Role: author · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 後元年春正月 · Western Year: BC 143
- Kind: speech · Role: speakerExplicit · shiji:103:s0018
Events and relationships
- Kind: political · Role: ruler · Action: adopted-plan · Other Person Id: Chao Cuo (晁錯) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 孝景用其計 · Western Year: BC 154Explicit · shiji:023:s0025
- Kind: political · Role: ruler · Action: curtailed-feudal-kings · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 景帝…吴楚之难 · Western Year: BC 154Explicit · houhanshu:125:s0004
- Explicit · shiji:125:s0031
- Kind: administrative · Role: ruler · Action: divided Liang into five kingdoms and enfeoffed five sons of King Xiao · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 中六年夏四月 · Western Year: BC 144Explicit · hanshu:006:s0129
- Kind: administrative · Role: issuer · Action: edict allowing six-hundred-picul officials and above to apply carriage screen-bars, bronze five extremities, and auspicious tubes on the yoke · Label: edict on carriage screen-bars / 始詔六百石以上施車轓,得銅五末,軛有吉陽筩 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 景帝中元五年 · Regnal Year: 5 · Western Year: BC 145Explicit · houhanshu:130:s0089
- Kind: legal · Role: authority · Action: executed · Other Person Id: Chao Cuo (晁錯) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 三年 · Western Year: BC 154Explicit · shiji:011:s0025
- Kind: political · Role: ruler · Action: executed · Other Person Id: Chao Cuo (晁錯) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天子誅錯以解難 · Western Year: BC 154Explicit · shiji:023:s0025
- Kind: legal · Role: authority · Action: granted-amnesty · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 元年四月乙卯 · Western Year: BC 156Explicit · shiji:011:s0004
- Kind: diplomatic · Role: sovereign · Action: heqin-with-xiongnu · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 元年 · Western Year: BC 156Explicit · shiji:011:s0008
- Kind: legal · Role: authority · Action: ordered execution of Jian clan and Zhou YongExplicit · shiji:124:s0049
- Kind: political · Role: ruler · Action: proposed-succession · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 漢已平吳楚 · Western Year: BC 154Explicit · shiji:050:s0018
- Kind: diplomatic · Role: sovereign · Action: received-surrender-of-two-xiongnu-kings · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 中三年春 · Western Year: BC 147Explicit · shiji:011:s0067
- Kind: administrative · Role: actor · Action: renamed-office · Label: renamed privy treasurer of works to master of works / 改为将作大匠 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 景帝 · Western Interval: Start: BC 157 · End: BC 141Explicit · houhanshu:128:s0104
- Kind: administrative · Role: actor · Action: renamed-office · Label: renamed the office grand prolonger of autumn / 更为大长秋 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 景帝 · Western Interval: Start: BC 157 · End: BC 141Explicit · houhanshu:128:s0024
- Kind: ritual · Role: sovereign · Action: suburban-sacrifice-five-emperors · Place: Yong / 雍 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 中六年二月己卯 · Western Year: BC 144Explicit · shiji:011:s0077
- Kind: medical · Role: caregiver · Action: sucked-abscess-reluctantly · Other Person Id: Emperor Wen of Han (漢文)Explicit · shiji:125:s0029
- Kind: military · Role: sovereign · Action: suppressed-rebellion · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 三年 · Western Year: BC 154
- Type: son-of · Person Id: Emperor Wen of Han (漢文)
- Relation: grudge-against · Person Id: Deng Tong (鄧通)Explicit · shiji:125:s0030
- Relation: patron-of · Person Id: Zhi Du (郅都)Explicit · shiji:125:s0037
- Relation: favored · Person Id: King of Jibei (濟北王)Explicit · houhanshu:034:s0056
Assessments and attributes
- Assessment: followed Wen's frugal precedent; with Wen transformed customs over fifty to sixty years · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgmentExplicit · hanshu:006:s0190, hanshu:006:s0191
- Assessment: no longer feared kings of other surnames; crisis hinged on policy · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment · Speaker Person Id: Sima Qian (太史公)Explicit · shiji:011:s0119, shiji:011:s0121
Source notes
- Historicity: historicalExplicit · houhanshu:128:s0024, shiji:050:s0018
References in the histories
Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.