Feng (灃) | 24 Histories

Overview

Feng was an official and Censor.

Life and dates

Death

AD 1795 六十年
Cause Poison · Responsible Person Id Heshen (和珅) · Mode hearsay
Uncertain · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 221
AD 1795 六十年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 220

Attested activity

AD 1786 五十一年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 182
AD 1793 五十八年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 189
AD 1795 六十年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 220
AD 1782 四十七年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 170
AD 1783 四十八年
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 179

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Child of Father of Feng (親)
father 親
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 186

Career and standing

investigating censor for the Huguang circuit 湖廣道監察御史
AD 1793 五十八年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 191
principal clerk in the Ministry of Revenue 戶部主事
AD 1793 五十八年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 189
investigating official 按
AD 1782 四十七年 · Assigned
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 170
inspector of the Grand Council 稽察軍機處
Assigned
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 216
principal clerk in one of the six ministries 六部主事
Demoted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 188
Hunan education commissioner 湖南學政
AD 1783 四十八年 · Posted
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 322, passages 179, 181

Show 9 more source-backed claims

vice director 員外郎
AD 1793 五十八年 · Promoted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 190
Counselor of the Office of Transmission 通政司參議
AD 1782 四十七年 · Promoted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 178
Deputy Commissioner of the Office of Transmission 通政司副使
AD 1783 四十八年 · Promoted
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 322, passages 179-180
Hunan education commissioner 湖南學政
AD 1786 五十一年 · Retained
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 182
Vice Director of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices 太常寺少卿
AD 1783 四十八年 · Transferred
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 179
Completed
AD 1793 五十八年 · End of mourning
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 189
Left office
AD 1786 to AD 1793 聞親喪去官 · Mourning
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 186
stripped of office 奪職
Dismissed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 187
referred to the ministry 下部議
AD 1786 五十一年 · Referred
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 184

Places and affiliations

Polity Qing 清 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 170
AD 1793 五十八年
At the capital 京師 · Relation Traveled to
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 189
AD 1782 四十七年
At Shandong 山東 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passages 170, 172
At Hunan 湖南 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 181
Organization Grand Council 軍機處 · Relation Inspected
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 216

Works and attributed material

Impeached
Memorial · Author · With Guo Tai (國泰)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 170
Memorial · Author · Addressed to the Emperor (上)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passages 193-215

Events and relationships

Assigned arduous tasks
Personal · Subject
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 218
Exposed borrowed silver
AD 1782 四十七年 · Legal · Investigator · At Licheng 歷城
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 175
Fell ill from overwork
Medical · Patient
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 219
Impeached
AD 1782 四十七年 · Legal · Accuser · With Yu Yijian (於易簡)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 170
Impeached
AD 1782 四十七年 · Legal · Accuser · With Guo Tai (國泰)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 170
Investigated licentiates and forbidden books
Legal · Investigator
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passages 185-186

Show 3 more source-backed claims

Said to have been about to impeach
Political · Intended accuser · With Heshen (和珅) · Mode hearsay
Uncertain · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 221
Verified treasury deficits
AD 1782 四十七年 · Legal · Investigator · At Zhangqiu, Dongping, and Yidu 章丘、東平、益都
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 176
Relation Transferred case to · Person Pulín (浦霖)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 186

Assessments and attributes

Assessment honest and forthright in speech · Mode named-person Source Person Id the Emperor (上)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 178
Assessment upright and produced many excellent scholars · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 181
Assessment upright · Mode named-person Source Person Id the Emperor (上)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 218
Assessment would not yield to intimidation · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 171
poor and thinly clad in fur
Material condition
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 219
Item thin fur coat 衣裘薄 · Relation Possessed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passage 219

Source notes

narrative illness versus rumor that Heshen poisoned him
Field death-cause · Witness 或謂
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passages 219-221
Historicity historical
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 322, passages 170, 220

References in the histories

Search passages

History

15 passages

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 322Volume 322 Biographies 109: Dou Guangnai, Li Shufang, Fan Yibin, Cao Xibao, Xie Zhending, Qian Feng, Yin Zhuangtu · 15 passages

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四十七年，灃疏劾山東巡撫國泰、布政使於易簡吏治廢弛，貪婪無饜，各州縣庫皆虧缺，上命大學士和珅、左都御史劉墉率灃往按。 In the forty-seventh year Feng impeached Shandong Governor Guotai and Commissioner Yu Yijian for ruined governance and insatiable greed; treasuries throughout the province were short. The Emperor sent Grand Secretary Heshen and Left Censor-in-Chief Liu Yong with Feng to investigate.

和珅庇國泰，怵灃，灃不為撓。 Heshen protected Guotai and tried to intimidate Feng, who would not bend.

灃按問得其狀，召商還所假，庫為之空。 Feng established the facts, made the merchants reclaim their silver, and the treasury stood empty.

复按章丘、東平、益都三州縣庫，皆虧缺如灃言。 They inspected Zhangqiu, Dongping, and Yidu as well; every treasury was short, just as Feng had charged.

上旌灃直言，擢通政司參議。 The Emperor praised Feng's honesty and promoted him to Counselor of the Office of Transmission.

出督湖南學政，灃持正，得士為盛。 Posted as Hunan education commissioner, Feng was strict and just and produced many excellent scholars.

上責灃在鄰省何不以聞，下部議。 The Emperor rebuked Feng for failing to report these events though he was in a neighboring province, and referred him to the ministry.

灃按治未竟，聞親喪去官，以事屬巡撫浦霖。 Feng had not finished the investigation when he left on his father's death and left the matter to Governor Pulín.

霖遂並劾灃，坐奪職。 Pulín then impeached Feng too, and he was stripped of office.

五十八年，灃服除，詣京師，授戶部主事。 In the fifty-eighth year, after mourning, Feng came to the capital and was appointed principal clerk in the Ministry of Revenue.

灃疏言：「我朝設立軍機處，大臣與其職者，皆萃止其中，庸以集思廣益，仰贊高深。 Feng memorialized: "The Grand Council was established so that all ministers who shared its duties would gather in one place, pooling counsel to assist the throne.