Jiang Zong (江總) | 24 Histories

Overview

Jiang Zong was an official and Writer.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Zongchi	總持

Life and dates

Birth

c. AD 519 開皇十四年，卒於江都，時年七十六
Derivation Death in AD 594 at East Asian age seventy-six.
Derived from the source · Book of Chen 27, passage 63

Death

AD 594 開皇十四年
At Jiangdu 江都
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 63

Age

twenties
AD 538 to AD 548 年二十餘 · Reckoning Approximate · Mode self-report Source Person Id Jiang Zong (江總)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 77
18
Reckoning Sui · Event first appointment
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 9
7
Reckoning Sui · Event orphaned
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 5
76
AD 594 開皇十四年 · Reckoning Sui
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 63

Attested activity

AD 589 京城陷
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 62
AD 563 天嘉四年
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 47
AD 569 to AD 582 太建之世
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 70
AD 550 太清四年秋七月
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 26
AD 583 to AD 589 後主
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 232-233, 246
AD 583 後主即位
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 55

Show 9 more source-backed claims

AD 583 to AD 589 後主朝
Directly stated · Book of Chen 29, passages 136, 166
AD 569 to AD 582 東宮學士時
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passages 120-121
AD 548 to AD 563 梁陳仕宦與流離
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 23-24, 47
AD 588 禎明二年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 61
AD 587 禎明元年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 25, passages 83, 95
AD 583 至德 era
Directly stated · Book of Chen 30, passage 75
AD 583 至德
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 165
AD 586 至德四年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 58
AD 594 開皇十四年
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 63

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Descendant of Jiang Tong (江統)
tenth-generation ancestor 十世祖 · paternal line · 10 generations
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 1
Descendant of Jiang Qian (江蒨)
grandfather 祖 · paternal line · 2 generations
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 3
Descendant of Jiang Zhan (江湛)
fifth-generation ancestor 五世祖 · paternal line · 5 generations
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 2
Descendant of Marquis of Zhouling (州陵侯)
sixth-generation ancestor 六世祖 · paternal line · 6 generations
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 27
Kin of Xiao Mai (蕭勱)
maternal uncle 舅 · maternal line · Through Mother of Jiang Zong (江總母)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 7, 251
Kin of Xiao Bo (蕭勃)
ninth maternal uncle 第九舅 · maternal line · Through Mother of Jiang Zong (江總母)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 44
Parent of Lady Chen (陳氏)
daughter 女 · Foster parentage
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 51
Parent of Jiang Yi (江溢)
eldest son 長子
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 87
Child of Jiang Fou (江紑)
father 父
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 4-5
Child of Mother of Jiang Zong (江總母)
mother 母 · maternal line
Strongly inferred · Book of Chen 27, passages 5, 7, 251
Parent of Jiang Cui (江漼)
seventh son 第七子
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 91

Kinship Role sons · Quantity at least seven
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 87, 91
Kinship Role wife and children · Quantity unspecified
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 43

Key source chapters

Career and standing

court official and litterateur 尚書令
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 232
general of proclaiming favor 宣惠將軍
AD 586 至德四年 · Additionally granted
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 58
superior grandee opening the mansion 上開府
AD 589 京城陷 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 62
minister of the bureau of sacrifices 祠部尚書
AD 583 後主即位 · Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 55
Acting Minister of Ceremonies in charge of the lesser altars 權兼太常卿，守小廟
Appointed
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 23
Attendant 侍中
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 52

Show 42 more source-backed claims

Chief Clerk in He Jingrong's Establishment 敬容府主簿
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 10
Direct Clear-Scattered-Cavalry Attendant 通直散騎常侍
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 49
director of the masters of writing 尚書令
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 59
Junior Mentor of the Heir Apparent 太子中庶子
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 49
Legal Officer on the staff of the Prince of Wuling, General Who Proclaims Favor 宣惠武陵王府法曹參軍
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 9
Magistrate of Lin'an 臨安令
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 22
Records Clerk with Limited Commission in the Central Army Prince of Xuancheng's Establishment 中軍宣城王府限內錄事參軍
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 22
general of the left nimble cavalry 左驍騎將軍
AD 583 後主即位 · Concurrently held
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 55
Chief Rectifier for Southern Xuzhou 南徐州大中正
Held concurrently
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 48
General of the Left Army 左軍將軍
Held concurrently
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 53
General of the Left Nimble Cavalry 左驍騎將軍
Held concurrently
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 52
Attendant at the Palace Secretariat 直侍中省
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 47
Attendant in the Yellow Gate Handling Affairs 給事黃門侍郎
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 48
Director of the Masters of Writing 尚書令
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 232
head of the six ministries 師長六官
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 246
Junior Mentor 詹事
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 233
Keeper of Eastern-Palace Records 掌東宮管記
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 48
Left Chief Clerk to the Minister of Education 司徒左長史
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 54
Resplendent Lieutenant General 明烈將軍
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 54
vice director of the masters of writing 尚書僕射
Promoted to
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 57
Groom of the Heir Apparent 太子洗馬
Promoted
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 22
Minister of Ceremonies 太常卿
Promoted
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 54
Minister of the Masters of Writing for Households 左民尚書
Promoted
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 50
Palace Retainer in the Masters of Writing 尚書殿中郎
Promoted
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 11
Right Chief Clerk to the Minister of Education 司徒右長史
Promoted
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 48
Attendant of the Scattered Cavalry 散騎常侍
Raised
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 54
Minister for Households 左民尚書
Reappointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 53
Interior Governor of Shixing 始興內史
Summoned as
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 45
Resplendent Might General 明威將軍
Summoned as
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 45
Gentleman of the Secretariat 中書侍郎
Summoned
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 47
general of central authority 中權將軍
AD 588 禎明二年 · Title advanced
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 61
minister of personnel 吏部尚書
Transferred to
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 56
regular attendant of the scattered cavalry 散騎常侍
Transferred to
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 56
Attendant of the Heir Apparent 太子中舍人
Transferred
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 22
Gentleman-Attendant 侍郎
Transferred
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 13
Grand Mentor of the Heir Apparent 太子詹事
Transferred
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 50
additional support 加扶
Granted
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 59
one band of ceremonial musicians 鼓吹一部
Granted
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 59
Entered
Dismissal · dismissed on official business before taking the seal
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 53
Entered
Dismissal
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 51
Held
AD 583 to AD 589 後主之世 · Chief ministerial power
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 84
Suffered
AD 569 to AD 582 太建之世 · Demotion · Mode self-report Source Person Id Jiang Zong (江總)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 70

Places and affiliations

Polity Chen 陳 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 47, 55, 68, 78, 121, 165, 232, 246
Polity Sui 隋 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 62
At Jiyang 濟陽
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 121
At Kaocheng in Jiyang 濟陽考城
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 1
AD 594 開皇十四年
At Jiangdu 江都 · Relation Died at
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 63
At Kuaiji commandery 會稽郡 · Relation Took refuge in
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 24, 26

Show 4 more source-backed claims

At Lin'an 臨安 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 22
At Lingnan 嶺南 · Relation Sojourned in
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 46
At Longhua Monastery 龍華寺 · Relation Resided at
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 24, 26
Organization intimate guests 狎客 · Relation Member of
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 84

Learning and skills

studied diligently with literary grace; read day and night several thousand volumes of imperial grants
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 8
Belief Buddhism 佛法 · Relation Practitioner of
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 29, 40, 43
Belief Buddhism 釋教 · Relation Adherent of · Mode self-report Source Person Id Jiang Zong (江總)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 77
Skill prose composition 屬文 · Level able
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 81
Skill five-word and seven-word verse 五言七言 · Level especially-skilled
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 81
Skill literary composition 辭采 · Level noted
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 246

Works and attributed material

collected writings in thirty scrolls 文集三十卷
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 86
collected writings in thirty scrolls 文集三十卷
Relation Author
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 86
Cultivating the Mind Rhapsody 修心賦
Relation Author
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 24-25
private pieces 側篇
Relation Author
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 83
Sun Yang's funerary inscription 志銘
Relation Author
Directly stated · Book of Chen 25, passage 95
Autobiographical narrative · Author · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 64-78

Show 3 more source-backed claims

Edict · Addressee · With Heir Apparent (太子) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 60
Rhapsody · Author · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 25-43
Speech · Speaker · With Yao Cha (姚察) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 235-236

Events and relationships

Assigned staff
AD 586 至德四年 · Administrative · Recipient
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 58
Compiled writings
Literary · Editor
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 235
five-hundred-character poem on climbing the palace wall 登宮城五百字詩
Literary · Author · Composed poem
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 233
Could not take up Shixing post when Jiangling fell; lodged in Lingnan for years
Political · Appointee
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 46
Drank through the night with the heir; reared Lady Chen as daughter; heir visited his quarters; dismissed
Political · Offender · With Heir Apparent (太子)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 51
Entered sui after capital fell
AD 589 京城陷 · Political · Subject · At Chen capital 京城
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 62

Show 20 more source-backed claims

Feasted in rear court
AD 583 to AD 589 後主之世 · Social · Participant · With Heir Apparent (太子)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 84
Fled when palace city fell; reached Kuaiji after years; rested at Longhua Monastery
Personal · Fugitive
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 24
Managed appointments
AD 583 後主即位 · Administrative · Participant
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 55
Neglect led to state decline
AD 583 to AD 589 後主之世 · Political · Contributor
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passages 84-85
Ordered with Xu Ling on return embassy to Wei; did not go because of illness
Diplomatic · Appointed envoy · With Xu Ling (徐陵)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 23
Orphaned and lived with mother's family
Personal · Subject
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 5
Oversaw eight standards and six canons
Administrative · Overseer · Mode self-report Source Person Id Jiang Zong (江總)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 72
Received bodhisattva precepts
AD 538 to AD 548 年二十餘 · Religious · Recipient · With Master Ze (則法師) · At Zhongshan 鍾山 · Mode self-report Source Person Id Jiang Zong (江總)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 77
Recommended
Personnel · Recommender · With Yao Cha (姚察)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 165
Renewed precepts and practiced compassion
Religious · Practitioner · With Cloth-robed Superior of Mount She (攝山布上人) · Mode self-report Source Person Id Jiang Zong (江總)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 78
Repeatedly demoted
AD 569 to AD 582 太建之世 · Political · Subject · Mode self-report Source Person Id Jiang Zong (江總)
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 27, passage 70
Served heir
Court · Literary companion · With Heir Apparent (太子)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 121
Took part in composing poems with Emperor Wu; poem deeply admired
Scholarly · Participant
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 12
Went from Kuaiji to rely on Xiao Bo
Travel · Dependent · With Xiao Bo (蕭勃)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 44
Relation Friend of · Person Zhang Zuan (張纘) · forget-years friendship
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 14
Relation Close friend of · Person Yao Cha (姚察)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 232
Relation Friend of · Person Wang Yun (王筠)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 14
Relation Friend of · Person Liu Zhilin (劉之遴)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 14
Relation Favored by · Person Heir Apparent (太子) · Mode self-report Source Person Id Jiang Zong (江總)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passages 71, 82
Relation Associate of · Person Cloth-robed Superior of Mount She (攝山布上人) · Mode self-report Source Person Id Jiang Zong (江總)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 78

Assessments and attributes

Assessment clear emblem, simple and noble, adorned with literary grace; matched court hopes when heading six ministries · Mode historian-judgment Speaker Yao Silian (姚思廉)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 246
Assessment could not live on vegetables alone; still stained by worldly toil; lifelong shame · Mode self-report Source Person Id Jiang Zong (江總)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 78
Assessment did not seek worldly profit or meddle with favorites · Mode self-report Source Person Id Jiang Zong (江總)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 65
Assessment did not take hold of government affairs while holding power · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 84
Assessment earnest in conduct and righteousness; broad, harmonious, warm, and generous · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 80
Assessment erred toward the florid and flashy · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 82

Show 8 more source-backed claims

Assessment esteemed by men of the age · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 21
Assessment lofty moral practice and deep capacity; model for the refined and leader of scholars · Mode edict Speaker Heir Apparent (太子)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 60
Assessment never fawned or intervened in affairs since taking office in Chen · Mode self-report Source Person Id Jiang Zong (江總)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 68
Assessment self-narration called a true record by contemporaries · Mode named-source-report
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 79
Assessment talent not half the ancients'; holding office like a corpse's salary · Mode self-report Source Person Id Jiang Zong (江總)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 74
clever and keen as a child, with an utmost nature
Character
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 6
Item eight hundred piculs of commandery salary rice for travel expenses 郡秩米八百斛 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 45
Item several thousand volumes of imperial grant books 賜書數千卷 · Relation Used
Directly stated · Book of Chen 27, passage 8