Jingyun (敬赟) | 24 Histories

Overview

Jingyun was a Military Officer and Royal Family Member.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Dehe	德和	Dehe

Life and dates

Death

AD 947 張彥澤兵犯京師
Drowning · At sand moat by the eastern wall 城東垣沙濠
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 236

Age

49
AD 947 時年四十九 · Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 236

Attested activity

AD 944 開運元年七月
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 233
AD 940 天福五年冬
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 226
c. AD 900 to AD 947 其可見者，曰高祖二叔父
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passages 121-122
AD 947 張彥澤兵犯京師
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 236
AD 936 高祖使人求得之，補太原牙將
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 224

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Child of Wanyou (萬友)
fathered 生
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 122
Kin of Fleeing Emperor (出帝)
imperial uncle 皇叔
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passages 230-231
Kin of Gaozu (高祖)
older cousin 從兄
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 141
Sibling of Gaozu (高祖)
younger brother 弟
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 121

Career and standing

military commissioner of Weisheng 威勝軍節度使
AD 944 開運元年七月 · Appointed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 233
military commissioner of the Three Cities of Heyang 河陽三城節度使
AD 940 天福五年冬 · Appointed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 226
Flying Dragon imperial-city commissioner 飛龍皇城使
AD 936 即位 · Appointed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 225
military commissioner of Weixin 威信軍節度使
AD 945 to AD 946 歲餘，出帝以曹州為威信軍 · Appointed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 234
Taiyuan guards officer 太原牙將
AD 936 高祖使人求得之 · Appointed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 224
associate chief councilor 同中書門下平章事
AD 942 to AD 947 出帝時 · Granted
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 229

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defense commissioner of Caozhou 曹州防禦使
Promoted
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 225
military commissioner of Baoyi 保義
AD 941 to AD 942 歲餘 · Transferred
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passages 226, 228

Places and affiliations

Polity Later Jin 後晉 · Relation Served
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passages 225, 229
At among the common people 民間 · Relation Hid
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 223
At Baoyi 保義 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 228
At Caozhou 曹州 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passages 225, 234-235
At Heyang 河陽 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 226
At Shaan 陝 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 231

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At Taiyuan 太原 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 224
At the capital 京師 · Relation Recalled to
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 231

Works and attributed material

Speech · Author · Direct quotation
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 230

Events and relationships

Fled by night over the eastern wall and fell into the sand moat
Flight · Fugitive
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 236
Followed the Fleeing Emperor to Chanyuan
Military · Follower · With Fleeing Emperor (出帝) · At Chanyuan 澶淵
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 232
Gaozu chose worthy aides for him
Supervision · Supervised · With Gaozu (高祖)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 227
Ordered to secure Wenyang and hold Majia Ford; never met the enemy
Military · Commander · At Majia Ford 麻家渡
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 232
Recalled after prolonged greed at Cao
Recall · Recalled
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 235
Recalled to the capital after Shaan suffered his cruelty
Recall · Recalled
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 231

Show 2 more source-backed claims

Sought out by Gaozu
Search · Found · With Gaozu (高祖)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 224
Relation Client of · Person Gaozu (高祖)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 224

Assessments and attributes

Assessment greedy and brutal · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passages 227, 235
Assessment grew arrogant and unrestrained · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 229
Assessment unruly in youth · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 223

Source notes

feared Gaozu severity and never dared break the law while Gaozu lived
Field conduct
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 17, passage 227

References in the histories

Search passages

History

9 passages

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 17Volume 17: The Later Jin Imperial Family · 9 passages

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二叔父曰萬友、萬詮，兄曰敬儒，弟曰敬威、敬德、敬殷、敬赟、敬暉、重胤，子曰重貴、重信、重乂、重英、重進、重睿、重杲，孫曰延煦、延寶。 The two paternal uncles were Wanyou and Wanyuan; the elder brother, Jingru; the younger brothers Jingwei, Jingde, Jingyin, Jingyun, Jinghui, and Chongyin; the sons Chonggui, Chongxin, Chongyi, Chongying, Chongjin, Chongrui, and Chonggao; the grandsons Yanxu and Yanbao.

孝平皇帝生孝元皇帝、萬友、萬詮，孝元皇帝生高祖，萬友生敬威、敬赟，萬詮生敬暉，而敬儒、敬德、敬殷、重胤皆不知其於高祖為親疏也。 Emperor Xiaoping fathered Emperor Xiaoyuan, Wanyou, and Wanyuan; Emperor Xiaoyuan fathered Gaozu; Wanyou fathered Jingwei and Jingyun; Wanyuan fathered Jinghui; but whether Jingru, Jingde, Jingyin, and Chongyin stood near or far from Gaozu in kinship is unknown.

從兄敬赟 Older Cousin Jingyun

敬赟字德和，少無賴，竄身民間。 Jingyun, styled Dehe, was unruly in youth and hid among the common people.

敬赟性貪暴，高祖為擇賢佐吏輔之，而敬赟亦憚高祖嚴，未嘗敢犯法。 Jingyun was greedy and brutal; Gaozu chose worthy aides to assist him, and Jingyun also feared Gaozu's stern rule and never dared violate the law.

陝人苦其暴虐，召還京師，以其皇叔不能責也，斥其元從都押衙蘇彥存、鄭溫遇以警之。 The people of Shaan suffered under his cruelty; he was recalled to the capital. Because he was an imperial uncle whom the emperor could not punish, his original followers Chief Custodian Su Yancun and Zheng Wenyun were demoted as a warning.

契丹犯邊，敬赟從出帝幸澶淵，使以兵備汶陽，守麻家渡，未嘗見敵，皆無功。 When the Khitan raided the frontier, Jingyun followed the Fleeing Emperor to Chanyuan and was ordered to secure Wenyang and hold Majia Ford; he never met the enemy and won no success.

歲餘，出帝以曹州為威信軍，授敬赟節度使。 After more than a year the Fleeing Emperor made Caozhou into Weixin Army and appointed Jingyun its commissioner.

張彥澤兵犯京師，敬赟夜走，踰城東垣，墮沙濠溺死，時年四十九。 When Zhang Yanze's troops invaded the capital, Jingyun fled by night, climbed the eastern wall, fell into the sand moat, and drowned at forty-nine.