Qin and Han · King of Chu

King Huai of Chu 楚懷王

Chǔ Huái Wáng

Died BC 206

Passages: 9
Chapters: 2
Histories: 1

Overview

The translated histories identify King Huai of Chu as a ruler. This record brings together 9 passages from 2 chapters across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	King Huai of Chu	楚懷王	Chǔ Huái Wáng
Title	King Huai	懷王	Huái Wáng
Title	King Huai	懷王	Huai Wang
Title	King Huai of Chu	楚懷王	Chǔ Huái Wáng
Title	Righteous Emperor	義帝	Yì Dì
Title	Righteous Emperor	義帝	Yi Di

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Title only
Sex: Uncertain

Roles

Ruler

Life and dates

Death

Manner: pursued and killed · Place: Chen County / 郴縣 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 漢元年八月 · Western Year: BC 206
Explicit · shiji:091:s0030

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 定陶敗後 · Western Year: BC 208
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:099:s0102
Source Date: Text: 立楚懷王至殺義帝 · Western Interval: Start: BC 208 · End: BC 206
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:091:s0015, shiji:091:s0030

Career and standing

Title: King Huai of Chu / 楚懷王
Explicit · shiji:091:s0015

Source notes

To: Righteous Emperor / 義帝 · From: King Huai / 懷王
Explicit · shiji:091:s0029

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 91Biography of Qing Bu · 7 passages

項梁至薛，聞陳王定死，迺立楚懷王。 When Xiang Liang arrived at Xue, he received confirmation of King Chen's death and thereupon enthroned King Huai of Chu.

項梁敗死定陶，懷王徙都彭城，諸將英布亦皆保聚彭城。 After Xiang Liang was defeated and killed at Dingtao, King Huai relocated the capital to Pengcheng. The generals, Ying Bu among them, all withdrew and regrouped at Pengcheng.

懷王使宋義為上將，范曾為末將，項籍為次將，英在、蒲將軍皆為將軍，悉屬宋義，北救趙。 King Huai appointed Song Yi as supreme commander, Fan Zeng as rear general, and Xiang Ji as deputy commander. Ying Bu and General Pu were both given generalships, and all were placed under Song Yi's authority with orders to march north and relieve Zhao.

及項籍殺宋義於河上，懷王因立籍為上將軍，諸將皆屬項籍。 When Xiang Ji killed Song Yi by the river, King Huai thereupon appointed Ji as supreme commander, and all the generals were placed under his authority.

項氏立懷王為義帝，徙都長沙，乃陰令九江王布等行擊之。 The Xiang clan elevated King Huai to the title of Righteous Emperor and relocated his capital to Changsha. Then they secretly ordered the King of Jiujiang, Bu, and others to go and attack him.

其八月，布使將擊義帝，追殺之郴縣。 In the eighth month, Bu dispatched a general to attack the Righteous Emperor, who was pursued and killed at Chen County.

夫楚兵雖彊，天下負之以不義之名，以其背盟約而殺義帝也。 Though the Chu army is powerful, the whole world brands it with the name of injustice, for it violated its sworn covenants and murdered the Righteous Emperor.

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 99Biographies of Liu Jing and Shusun Tong · 2 passages

敗於定陶，從懷王。 After the defeat at Dingtao, he followed King Huai.

懷王為義帝，徙長沙，叔孫通留事項王。 When King Huai was made the Righteous Emperor and relocated to Changsha, Shusun Tong remained behind to serve King Xiang.