Ancient China · Ruler

King Xiang of Qi 齊襄王

Qi Xiangwang

Attested BC 284 - BC 265

Passages: 9
Chapters: 4
Histories: 1

Overview

The translated histories identify King Xiang of Qi as a royal family member and ruler. This record brings together 9 passages from 4 chapters across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	King Xiang of Qi	齊襄王	Qi Xiangwang
Personal name	Fa Zhang	法章	Fǎ Zhāng
Descriptive kinship	King Min's son Fa Zhang	湣王子法章
Title	King of Qi	齊王	Qí Wáng
Title	King Xiang	襄王
Title	King Xiang	襄王	Xiang Wang
Regnal	King Xiang	襄王	Xiāng Wáng
Title	King Xiang of Qi	齊襄王	Qí Xiāngwáng
Title	King Xiang of Qi	齊襄王	Qi Xiang Wang

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Explicit · shiji:072:s0083, shiji:082:s0049, shiji:082:s0056
Sex: male
Strongly inferred · shiji:080:s0037
Value: male
Strongly inferred · shiji:074:s0081

Roles

Royal Family Member
Ruler

Life and dates

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 乃迎襄王於莒 · Western Year: BC 279
Explicit · shiji:082:s0049
Source Date: Text: 淖齒之殺湣王也 · Western Year: BC 284
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:082:s0056, shiji:082:s0059
Source Date: Text: 破芒卯於華陽下…伐齊 · Western Year: BC 273
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:072:s0081, shiji:072:s0083
Source Date: Text: 迎襄王於莒 · Western Year: BC 279
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:080:s0037
Source Date: Text: 齊襄王時 · Western Interval: Start: BC 283 · End: BC 265
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:074:s0081

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Child of King Min of Qi (齊愍王)
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Spouse of Queen Junwang (君王后)
Kinship Term: husband / 夫 · Union Category: marriage · Subject Role: husband · Object Role: wife · Relationship State: formed

Career and standing

Label: gardener / 灌園
Explicit · shiji:082:s0056
Date Context: Source Date: Text: 共立法章為齊王 · Western Year: BC 283
Explicit · shiji:082:s0059

Places and affiliations

Label: Qi · Relation: ruled
Explicit · shiji:080:s0037
Polity: Qi / 齊 · Relation: ruled
Explicit · shiji:074:s0081, shiji:082:s0049, shiji:082:s0059
Place: household of Grand Historian Jiao / 太史嬓之家 · Relation: sheltered-in
Explicit · shiji:082:s0056
Place: Ju / 莒 · Relation: resided-in
Explicit · shiji:082:s0049, shiji:082:s0059
Place: Linzi / 臨菑 · Relation: entered-to-govern
Explicit · shiji:082:s0049

Works and attributed material

Kind: letter · Role: commissioner · Other Person Id: Su Dai (蘇代)
Explicit · shiji:072:s0083

Events and relationships

Kind: political · Role: enfeoffing-ruler · Action: enfeoffed · Other Person Id: Tian Dan (田單)
Explicit · shiji:082:s0050

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 72Biography of the Marquis of Rang · 1 passage

齊襄王懼，使蘇代為齊陰遺穰侯書曰：「臣聞往來者言曰『秦將益趙甲四萬以伐齊』，臣竊必之敝邑之王曰『秦王明而熟於計，穰侯智而習於事，必不益趙甲四萬以伐齊』。 King Xiang of Qi was alarmed, and had Su Dai secretly send the Marquis of Rang a letter on Qi's behalf: "Your servant has heard travelers say, 'Qin is going to add forty thousand armored troops to Zhao for an attack on Qi.' I privately assured the king of my humble state: 'The King of Qin sees clearly and is skilled in planning, and the Marquis of Rang is wise and practiced in affairs; they surely will not add forty thousand armored troops to Zhao to attack Qi.'

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 74Biographies of Mengzi and Xun Qing · 1 passage

田駢之屬皆已死齊襄王時，而荀卿最為老師。 By the time of King Xiang of Qi, Tian Pian and men like him had all died, and Xun Qing was the senior teacher.

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 80Biography of Yue Yi · 1 passage

齊田單後與騎劫戰，果設詐誑燕軍，遂破騎劫於即墨下，而轉戰逐燕，北至河上，盡復得齊城，而迎襄王於莒，入于臨菑。 Later, Qi's Tian Dan fought Qi Jie and set a trap to deceive the Yan army. He defeated Qi Jie below Jimo, turned the battle around, and drove Yan north to the river. He recovered all Qi cities, welcomed King Xiang at Ju, and entered Linzi.

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 82Biography of Tian Dan · 6 passages

乃迎襄王於莒，入臨菑而聽政。 They then welcomed King Xiang from Ju, and he entered Linzi to take up the governance of the realm.

襄王封田單，號曰安平君。 King Xiang enfeoffed Tian Dan and bestowed upon him the title Lord of Anping.

初，淖齒之殺湣王也，莒人求湣王子法章，得之太史嬓之家，為人灌園。 Earlier, when Nao Chi killed King Min, the people of Ju searched for the king's son Fa Zhang. They found him in the household of the Grand Historian Jiao, where he had been working as a gardener.

後法章私以情告女，女遂與通。 In time, Fa Zhang secretly revealed his true identity to the girl, and she became his lover.

及莒人共立法章為齊王，以莒距燕，而太史氏女遂為后，所謂「君王后」也。 When the people of Ju jointly established Fa Zhang as King of Qi and used Ju as their stronghold against Yan, the daughter of the Grand Historian clan became his queen — the one known as "Queen Junwang."

乃相聚如莒，求諸子，立為襄王。 They gathered together and went to Ju, where they sought out the royal heirs and established one of them as King Xiang.