Lei Man (雷滿) | 24 Histories

Overview

The translated histories identify Lei Man as a bandit, family member, military officer, and tribal leader. This record brings together 20 passages from 2 chapters across 2 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Lei Man	雷滿	Léi Mǎn
Courtesy	Bingren	秉仁	Bǐngrén
Surname	Lei	雷	Lei
Surname	Lei	雷
Personal	Lei Man	雷滿	Lei Man
Personal name	Lei Man	雷滿	Léi Mǎn
Given	Man	滿	Man
Given	Man	滿	Mǎn

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:017:s0013, jiuwudaishi:017:s0219, jiuwudaishi:017:s0221
Sex: male
Strongly inferred · xinwudaishi:041:s0033

Roles

Bandit
Family Member
Military Officer
Tribal Leader
Warlord

Life and dates

Death

Manner: unspecified · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天復元年 · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 901 · Provenance: Mode: named-source-report · Source Work: New Tang History / 新唐書
Textual variant · jiuwudaishi:017:s0221
Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天祐中 · Western Interval: Start: AD 904 · End: AD 907
Explicit · xinwudaishi:041:s0086
Manner: unspecified
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:017:s0219

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 開平二年十一月 · Regnal Year: 2 · Month: 11 · Western Year: AD 908
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:017:s0225, jiuwudaishi:017:s0228, jiuwudaishi:017:s0231
Source Date: Text: 天復元年 · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 901
Textual variant · jiuwudaishi:017:s0221
Source Date: Text: 唐廣明中 · Western Interval: Start: AD 880 · End: AD 881
Explicit event contextual date · xinwudaishi:041:s0035
Source Date: Text: 天祐中 · Western Interval: Start: AD 904 · End: AD 907
Explicit event contextual date · xinwudaishi:041:s0086
Source Date: Text: 廣明初至乾寧中 · Western Interval: Start: AD 880 · End: AD 894
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:017:s0209, jiuwudaishi:017:s0013

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Parent of Lei Yiangong (雷彥恭)
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Parent of Lei Yanxiong (雷彥雄)
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Parent of Lei Yanwei (雷彥威)
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son

Origins and identity

People Group: Wuling cave tribes / 武陵洞蠻
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:017:s0208

Career and standing

Label: Li-Lang military commissioner / 澧朗節度使 · Action: appointed
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:017:s0214
Label: military commissioner of Wuzhen / 武貞軍節度使 · Action: appointed
Explicit · xinwudaishi:041:s0038

Places and affiliations

Label: Tang / 唐 · Relation: submitted-to
Explicit · xinwudaishi:041:s0037
Place: Wuling / 武陵
Explicit · xinwudaishi:041:s0033
Place: Langzhou / 朗州 · Relation: held
Explicit · xinwudaishi:041:s0037, xinwudaishi:041:s0085
Place: Yuan River fortifications / 沅江 · Relation: fortified
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:017:s0225

Works and attributed material

Kind: boast · Role: speaker · Provenance: Mode: direct-speech · Speaker Person Id: Lei Man (雷滿)
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:017:s0217

Events and relationships

Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: founded-Native-Corps · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 唐廣明中 · Western Interval: Start: AD 880 · End: AD 881
Explicit · xinwudaishi:041:s0035
Kind: military · Role: builder · Action: moated-walls · Place: Yuan River / 沅江
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:017:s0225
Kind: military · Role: attacker · Action: raided-Jingnan · Place: Jingnan / 荊南
Explicit · xinwudaishi:041:s0041
Kind: military · Role: attacker · Action: seized-Langzhou · Other Person Id: Cui Zhu (崔翥)
Explicit · xinwudaishi:041:s0037
Relation: subordinate-of · Person Id: Gao Pian (高駢)
Explicit · xinwudaishi:041:s0036

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: disgraced the entrustment of a vice-lord / commissioner · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:017:s0231
Assessment: fierce, reckless, and savage; tattooed with short hair · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · xinwudaishi:041:s0034
Assessment: greedy and cruel · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:017:s0216
Kind: physical-description · Statement: tattooed body and cut short hair
Explicit · xinwudaishi:041:s0034

Source notes

Field: succession-after-death · Statement: Old History has Yiangong succeed at Man's death; New Tang History has Yanwei establish himself, then Yiangong join Loyalty and Righteousness military commissioner Zhao Kuangning to drive out Yanwei · Witness: New Tang History / 新唐書
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:017:s0219, jiuwudaishi:017:s0221
Statement: diverted Yuan River as moat and built long bridge at Langzhou
Explicit · xinwudaishi:041:s0085
Statement: dug a deep pool in headquarters and swam in it for guests
Explicit · xinwudaishi:041:s0042, xinwudaishi:041:s0043

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 17Volume 17 Book of Later Liang 17: Biographies 7: Cheng Rui, Du Hong, Tian Yun, Zhao Kuangning, Zhang Ji, Lei Man · 10 passages

Open chapter

初，澧、朗二州，本屬荊南，乾寧中，為土豪雷滿所據。 Li and Lang, once part of Jingnan, fell to the local strongman Lei Man in Qianning.

雷滿者，偏州一草賊爾，令公盍不加兵，而反怨朝廷乎！」 Yet you resent the court over Lei Man, a mere frontier bandit—why not march against him instead?"

雷滿， Lei Man,

〈（《新唐書》：滿字秉仁。）〉 (The 《New Tang History》 gives his style as Bingren.)〉

是時，朝廷以高駢為節度使，駢擢滿為裨將，以領蠻軍。 the court sent Gao Pian as commissioner, and Pian made Man a deputy to lead tribal levies.

駢移鎮淮南，復隸部曲，以悍獷趫健知名。 When Pian moved south, Man stayed in his retinue and won fame for ferocious speed.

滿貪穢慘毒，蓋非人類。 Man's greed and cruelty were scarcely human.

〈（《新唐書》：滿以天復元年卒，子彥威自立，弟彥恭結忠義節度使趙匡凝以逐彥威。）〉 (The New Tang History says: Man died in Tianfu 1; his son Yanwei established himself; Yanwei's younger brother Yiangong joined Loyalty and Righteousness military commissioner Zhao Kuangning to drive out Yanwei.)

先是，滿塹沅江，以周其壘，門臨長橋，勢不可入。 Man had moated the Yuan around his walls; the gate on the long bridge was impregnable.

張佶有讓帥之賢，雷滿辱俾侯之寄，優劣可知矣。 Zhang Ji showed the grace to yield command; Lei Man shamed the trust of a commissioner—the contrast tells all.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 41Volume 41 Miscellaneous Biographies 21: Lu Guangchou, Tan Quanbo, Lei Man, Zhong Chuan, Zhao Kuangning · 10 passages

Open chapter

雷滿，武陵人也。 Lei Man came from Wuling.

唐廣明中，湖南饑，盜賊起，滿與同里人區景思、周嶽等聚諸蠻數千，獵於大澤中，乃擊鮮釃酒，擇坐中豪者，補置伍長，號土團軍，諸蠻從之，推滿為帥。 In the Guangming era famine gripped Hunan and outlaws multiplied. Man, Qu Jingsi, Zhou Yue, and others rallied thousands of hill folk, hunted the great marshes, feasted on fresh kill and strong wine, named the fiercest men squad leaders, and called the band the Native Corps. The tribes followed, and Man became their chief.

是時，高駢鎮荊南，召滿隸麾下，使以蠻軍擊賊。 Gao Pian then held Jingnan. He took Man into his service and set his barbarians on the bandits.

駢徙淮南，滿從至廣陵，逃歸，殺刺史崔翥，遂據朗州，請命於唐。 When Pian moved to Huainan, Man followed him to Guangling, then bolted home, murdered the prefect Cui Zhu, seized Langzhou, and bowed to Tang.

昭宗以澧、朗為武貞軍，拜滿節度使。 Zhaozong formed the Wuzhen circuit from Li and Lang and made Man its military commissioner.

是時，澧陽人向瑰殺刺史呂自牧據澧州，而溪洞諸蠻宋鄴昌、師益等，皆起兵剽掠湖外，滿亦以輕舟上下荊江，攻劫州縣。 Xiang Gui of Liyang killed his prefect Lü Zimu and held Lizhou. Cave chiefs such as Song Yechang and Shi Yi raided the country beyond the lakes. Man skimmed the Yangzi in swift boats, sacking towns along the river.

滿襲破荊南，不能守，焚掠殆盡而去。 Man stormed Jingnan, could not keep it, burned what he could not carry, and left.

滿嘗鑿深池於府中，客有過者，召宴池上，指其水曰：「蛟龍水怪皆窟於此，蓋水府也。」 Man dug a deep pool inside his yamen. When guests came he feasted them beside it and said, pointing at the water: “Dragons and river demons live down there. Call it a water palace.”

滿居朗州，引沅水塹其城，上為長橋，為不可攻之計。 Man made Langzhou his capital. He diverted the Yuan River to moat the walls and built a long bridge across it, planning to make the city impregnable.

天祐中，滿卒，子彥恭自立。 During Tianyou Man died. His son Yan Gong seized power for himself.