Li Henian (李鶴年) | 24 Histories

Overview

The translated histories identify Li Henian as an administrator, general, and official. This record brings together 20 passages from 5 chapters across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Li Henian	李鶴年	Li Henian
Title	Governor Li Henian	巡撫李鶴年
Given	Henian	鶴年
Surname	Li	李
Personal name	Li Henian	李鶴年	Li Henian
Courtesy	Zihe	子和	Zihe

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Strongly inferred · qingshigao:423:s0015, qingshigao:465:s0057
Sex: male
Explicit · qingshigao:436:s0049, qingshigao:450:s0001

Roles

Administrator
General
Official

Life and dates

Death

Date Context: Source Date: Text: 十六年 · Western Year: AD 1890
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0039

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 七年 · Western Year: AD 1868
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0018
Source Date: Text: 七年 · Western Year: AD 1881
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0031
Source Date: Text: 光緒元年 · Western Year: AD 1875
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0030
Western Year: AD 1882 · Source Date: Text: 光緒八年
Explicit · qingshigao:391:s0064
Source Date: Text: 光緒十三年 · Western Year: AD 1887
Explicit · qingshigao:436:s0069
Source Date: Text: 十三年 · Western Year: AD 1887
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0033
Source Date: Text: 十六年 · Western Year: AD 1890
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0039
Source Date: Text: 十年 · Western Year: AD 1871
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0023
Source Date: Text: 十年 · Western Year: AD 1884
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0032
Source Date: Text: 同治七年 · Western Year: AD 1868
Explicit · qingshigao:436:s0049
Source Date: Text: 同治元年 · Western Year: AD 1862
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0004
Source Date: Text: 同治十三年 · Western Year: AD 1874
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:465:s0056, qingshigao:465:s0057
Source Date: Text: 同治四年 · Western Year: AD 1865
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:423:s0090
Source Date: Text: 四年 · Western Year: AD 1865
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:450:s0005
Source Date: Text: 宣統元年 · Western Year: AD 1909
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0040
Source Date: Text: 道光二十五年 · Western Year: AD 1845
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0002

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Parent of Bao Xun (葆恂)
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son · Object Birth Order: 3
Child of Father of Li Henian
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son

Career and standing

Label: governor of Henan / 河南巡撫 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 七年 · Western Year: AD 1881
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0031
Label: Yellow River commissioner east of the river / 河東河道總督 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 光緒元年 · Western Year: AD 1875
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0030
Label: Governor-General of Fujian and Zhejiang / 閩浙總督 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 十年 · Western Year: AD 1871
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0023
Label: intendant of the Chang-Zhen-Tong-Hai Circuit / 常鎮通海道 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 同治元年 · Western Year: AD 1862
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0004
Label: governor of Hubei / 湖北巡撫 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 四年 · Western Year: AD 1865
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0005
Label: acting Fuzhou general / 署福州將軍 · Action: appointed
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0025
Label: acting Henan judicial commissioner / 署河南按察使 · Action: appointed
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0004
Label: censor / 御史 · Action: appointed
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0002
Label: supervising secretary / 給事中 · Action: appointed
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0002
Label: Zhili provincial treasurer / 直隸布政使 · Action: appointed
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0004
Label: Governor / 巡撫 · Action: held
Explicit · qingshigao:465:s0057
Label: Hanlin compiler / 編修 · Action: held
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0002
Label: governor of Henan / 河南巡撫 · Action: transferred · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 四年 · Western Year: AD 1865
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0005
Title: original office posthumously restored / 開復原官 · Action: granted · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 宣統元年 · Western Year: AD 1909
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0040
Title: first-rank official hat finial / 頭品頂戴 · Action: granted
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0017
Title: privilege of riding a horse inside the Forbidden City / 紫禁城騎馬 · Action: granted
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0024
Title: third-rank nominal status / 三品銜 · Action: granted
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0038
Title: hat finial / 頂戴 · Action: restored
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0021
Status: demoted-two-ranks · Action: entered
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0032
Status: released · Action: entered
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0038
Label: censured and demoted / 譴謫 · Action: punished
Explicit · qingshigao:465:s0057
Status: dismissal-recommended · Action: received · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 十年 · Western Year: AD 1884
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0032
Status: disciplinary-censure · Action: received
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0020
Status: military-penal-station · Action: sent · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 逾年 · Western Year: AD 1888
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0037

Places and affiliations

Label: Qing / 清 · Relation: served
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0002
Polity: Qing / 清 · Relation: served
Explicit · qingshigao:465:s0057
Place: Yizhou in Fengtian / 奉天義州
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0001

Learning and skills

Credential: Presented Scholar / 進士 · Action: earned · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 道光二十五年 · Western Year: AD 1845
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0002

Works and attributed material

Kind: memorial · Role: author · Topic: building a private shrine for Wo Ren at Kaifeng
Explicit · qingshigao:391:s0064
Kind: memorial · Role: author · Topic: coastal defense
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0026, qingshigao:450:s0027, qingshigao:450:s0028
Kind: memorial · Role: author · Topic: Yellow River channels
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0033, qingshigao:450:s0034, qingshigao:450:s0035

Events and relationships

Kind: political · Role: accuser · Action: impeached · Other Person Id: Sushun (肅順)
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0042
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: pacified · Other Person Id: Zhang Zongyu (張總愚)
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0022
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: raised-armies · Counterpart: Nian rebels
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0006, qingshigao:450:s0007, qingshigao:450:s0008, qingshigao:450:s0009
Kind: political · Role: recommender · Action: recalled · Other Person Id: Zeng Guofan (曾國籓)
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0042
Kind: public-works · Role: supervisor · Action: secured-Heigang-dike
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0045, qingshigao:450:s0046
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: supervised-operations · Place: Chen, Liu, and Qi / 陳、留、杞 · Other Person Id: Zhang Zongyu (張總愚)
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0010
Relation: commander-of · Person Id: Zhang Yao (張曜)
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0008, qingshigao:450:s0043
Relation: classmate-of · Person Id: Wenxiang (文祥)
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0041
Relation: commander-of · Person Id: Song Qing (宋慶)
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0007, qingshigao:450:s0043
Relation: commander-of · Person Id: Shan Qing (善慶)
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0009

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: famed for river control · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0217
Assessment: keen eye for talent · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0041
Assessment: many benevolent policies in Henan · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · qingshigao:450:s0044

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 391Volume 391 Biographies 178: Wo Ren, Li Tangjie, Wu Tingdong · 1 passage

Open chapter

光緒八年，河南巡撫李鶴年奏建專祠於開封，允之。 In 1882 Henan governor Li Henian asked to erect a private shrine to Wo Ren at Kaifeng, and the request was granted.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 423Volume 423 Biographies 210: Zong Jichen, Yin Gengyun, Wang Zheng, Mu Jixianga, You Baichuan, Shen Huai · 2 passages

Open chapter

四年，張總愚犯畿輔，耕雲從巡撫李鶴年進軍磁州，建策築長圍斷賊歸路。 In the fourth year (1865), when Zhang Zongyu raided the capital region, Gengyun marched with Governor Li Henian to Cizhou and proposed a long encirclement to cut off the rebels' retreat.

耕雲在言路著直聲，出任監司，巡撫張之萬、李鶴年皆倚重之，軍事多所贊畫。 Gengyun was famed for blunt memorials as a censor. As a provincial official, Governors Zhang Zhiwan and Li Henian relied on him heavily for military planning.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 436Volume 436 Biographies 223: Shen Guifen, Li Hongzao, Weng Tonghe, Sun Yuwen · 3 passages

Open chapter

李鶴年駐紮直、豫交界，防賊南竄； Li Henian should be posted on the Zhili-Henan border to block a southern breakout;

先是河道總督李鶴年、河南巡撫倪文蔚議於西壩興工，鴻藻至，仍之。 Canal director Li Henian and Henan governor Ni Wenwei had already decided to begin work on the western embankment; when Hongzao arrived, he continued their plan.

並奪李鶴年河道總督，命鴻藻暫行署理。 Li Henian was stripped of the canal directorship and Hongzao was ordered to act in his place.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 450Volume 450 Biographies 237: Li Henian, Wen Bin, Ren Daorong, Xu Zhenyi, Wu Dacheng · 13 passages

Open chapter

李鶴年，字子和，奉天義州人。 Li Henian, styled Zihe, was a native of Yizhou in Fengtian.

時捻匪由山東南竄，鶴年以為十餘年來賊屢擾歸、陳、南、汝間，即去而他竄，必假道於豫。 When Nian rebels were driven south from Shandong, Henian reasoned that for more than a decade they had repeatedly struck the area between Guizhou, Chenzhou, Nanyang, and Ruzhou; whenever they moved on, they still had to cross through Henan.

於是宋慶等軍大破張總愚睢州，鶴年親赴陳、留、杞督戰。 Song Qing's forces then won a major victory over Zhang Zongyu at Suizhou, while Henian went in person to Chen, Liu, and Qi counties to direct operations.

任、賴各逆复乘虛北擾，鶴年以賊踪無定，防河尤急。 Ren and Lai then seized the moment to strike north again; since rebel movements were unpredictable, Henian insisted that river defense was the top priority.

鶴年飛檄水陸各軍沿堤剿堵。 Henian fired off urgent orders to land and river troops along the dike to drive off the rebels and seal the breach.

鶴年自駐許州策應，賊竄裕州，慶擊敗之。 Henian kept his headquarters at Xuzhou to coordinate the effort; when the rebels slipped into Yuzhou, Song Qing routed them.

賜鶴年頭品頂戴。 Henian was awarded the first-rank official hat finial.

鶴年有知人鑑，少與文祥同學相淬厲。 Henian had a keen eye for talent; as a young man he studied alongside Wen Xiang, and the two pushed each other to excel.

鶴年親督工二十餘晝夜，險工克濟。 Henian personally oversaw the repairs for more than twenty days and nights until the perilous stretch was secured.

德宗嘗詢李鴻藻以善治河者，鴻藻舉鶴年，上亦識前事之枉也，故再任河督。 Emperor Guangxu once asked Li Hongzao who best understood river control; Hongzao named Henian, and the emperor, recognizing that Henian had been wronged before, appointed him river commissioner again.

光緒五年，督漕北上，因請陛見，並與河督李鶴年、巡撫週恆祺會商運河事宜，通籌河道寬深，改設運口，導引衛河，設立堤壩，繪具圖說以進。 In 1879, while supervising the northern grain transport, he requested an audience and met with river commissioner Li Henian and governor Zhou Hengqi to discuss the Grand Canal; together they drew up a comprehensive plan to widen and deepen the waterways, relocate the transport entrance, channel in the Wei River, build dikes and sluices, and submitted illustrated proposals to the throne.

十四年，鄭州河再決，上震怒，褫河督李鶴年職，以大澂代之。 In 1888 the Zhengzhou breach opened again; the emperor was furious, dismissed river commissioner Li Henian, and replaced him with Dacheng.

鶴年以善治河稱，文彬論治河改運口，复淮流，亦頗有識。 Henian was famed for river control; Wen Bin's proposals to relocate the transport entrance and restore the Huai River also showed real insight.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 465Volume 465 Biographies 252: Xu Tong With: Yu Shi, Yu Shi Son: Cheng Yu, Gang Yi, Zhao Shuqiao, Qi Xiu, Ying Nian, Yu Lu With: Ting Yong, Yu Xian With: Li Tingxiao · 1 passage

Open chapter

讞河南王樹汶獄，承旨研辨，獲平反，巡撫李鶴年以下譴謫有差。 In the Henan case of Wang Shuwen he followed imperial orders, secured a reversal, and Governor Li Henian and his subordinates were punished in varying degrees.