Three Kingdoms and Six Dynasties · Ruler

Liu Shan 後主

Liú Shàn

Attested AD 223 - AD 263

Passages: 4
Chapters: 1
Histories: 1

Overview

Liu Shan was a ruler.

Life and dates

Attested activity

AD 223 後主踐阼
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 41, passage 15
AD 263 是歲，蜀並於魏
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 41, passages 23-24

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Parent of Liu Xuan (劉璿)
heir apparent 太子
Strongly inferred · Records of the Three Kingdoms 41, passage 18
Child of Liu Bei (先主)
Later Sovereign 後主
Strongly inferred · Records of the Three Kingdoms 41, passage 15

Career and standing

Emperor
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 41, passage 15

Places and affiliations

Polity Shu Han 蜀漢 · Relation Ruled
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 41, passage 15

Events and relationships

Capital fell
Political · Sovereign
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 41, passages 24-25

References in the histories

Records of the Three Kingdoms, Chapter 41Volume 41: Book of Shu 11: Biographies of Huo, Wang, Xiang, Zhang, Yang, and Fei · 4 passages

後主踐阼，除謁者。 When Liu Shan took the throne, Yi was made an usher at court.

後主立太子璿，以弋為中庶子，璿好騎射，出入無度，弋援引古義，盡言規諫，甚得切磋之體。 When the crown prince Liu Xuan was installed, Huo Yi became his senior attendant. The prince loved the hunt and rode abroad without restraint; Yi quoted classical examples and spoke frankly, in the best tradition of candid counsel.

〈《汉晋春秋》曰：霍弋闻魏军来，弋欲赴成都，后主以备敌既定，不听。〈The Han–Jin chunqiu records that when Huo Yi learned Wei was invading, he asked to rush to Chengdu, but the emperor, convinced the defenses were set, refused.

得后主东迁之问，始率六郡将守上表曰：“臣闻人生於三，事之如一，惟难所在，则致其命。 When he heard the emperor had been moved east, he led the commanders of six commanderies in a memorial saying, "A subject owes his life where duty calls and would give it where hardship falls.