Qin and Han · King of Changshan

Liu Shun 舜

Shun

Attested BC 145 - BC 114

Passages: 11
Chapters: 2
Histories: 1

Overview

The translated histories identify Liu Shun as a royal family member and ruler. This record brings together 11 passages from 2 chapters across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Liu Shun	舜	Shun
Title	King of Changshan	常山王
Title	King of Changshan	常山王	Changshan Wang
Posthumous name	King Xian of Changshan	常山憲王	Changshan Xian Wang
Personal name	Shun	舜	Shun
Given	Shun	舜	Shun

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Explicit · shiji:011:s0071, shiji:059:s0006

Roles

Royal Family Member
Ruler

Life and dates

Death

Manner: died
Explicit · shiji:059:s0133

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 中五年夏 · Western Year: BC 145
Explicit · shiji:011:s0071
Source Date: Text: 孝景中五年 · Western Year: BC 145
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:059:s0131
Source Date: Text: 立三十二年卒 · Western Interval: Start: BC 145 · End: BC 114
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:059:s0133

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Child of Emperor Jing (孝景皇帝)
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: youngest son / 少子 · Parentage: biological
Parent of Liu Shang (商)
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological
Parent of Liu Tiao (棁)
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological
Parent of Liu Ping (平)
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological
Parent of Liu Bo (勃)
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological
Child of Emperor Xiaojing (孝景皇帝)
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological
Child of Lady Wang Erxu (王夫人兒姁)
Kinship Term: mother / 母 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: mother · Object Role: son
Spouse of Queen Xiu (修)
Kinship Term: queen / 王后 · Union Category: primary-marriage
Sibling of Cheng (乘)
Kinship Term: same-mother brother / 同母 · Shared Parentage: maternal-half
Sibling of Ji (寄)
Kinship Term: same-mother brother / 同母 · Shared Parentage: maternal-half
Sibling of Yue (越)
Kinship Term: same-mother brother / 同母 · Shared Parentage: maternal-half

Kinship Role: favored-consorts · Qualifier: many · Quantity: many · Count: 2
Explicit · shiji:059:s0137

Career and standing

Title: King of Changshan / 常山王 · Action: enfeoffed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 孝景中五年 · Western Year: BC 145
Explicit · shiji:059:s0131
Title: King of Changshan / 常山王 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 中五年夏 · Western Year: BC 145
Explicit · shiji:011:s0071

Places and affiliations

Polity: Han / 漢 · Relation: royal-kinsman
Explicit · shiji:059:s0001

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 11Annals of the Xiaojing Emperor · 1 passage

中五年夏，立皇子舜為常山王。 In the summer of the fifth year of the middle period, he established his son Shun as King of Changshan.

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 59House of the Five Clans · 10 passages

王夫人兒姁子曰越、寄、乘、舜。 Lady Wang, also known as Erxu, bore four sons: Yue, Ji, Cheng, and Shun.

常山憲王舜，以孝景中五年用皇子為常山王。 King Xian of Changshan, whose name was Shun, was enfeoffed as King of Changshan as an imperial prince in the fifth year of Emperor Jing's middle reign.

舜最親，景帝少子，驕怠多淫，數犯禁，上常寬釋之。 Shun was the most cherished of the brothers, being Emperor Jing's youngest son. He was arrogant, indolent, and given to excess, and he frequently ran afoul of the law. Yet the emperor always pardoned him.

初，憲王舜有所不愛姬生長男棁。 Originally, King Xian Shun had a consort whom he did not favor, and she bore him his eldest son, Tiao.

及憲王病甚，諸幸姬常侍病，故王后亦以妒媢不常侍病，輒歸舍。 When King Xian fell gravely ill, his favored consorts took turns attending at his bedside. The queen, out of jealous resentment, declined to attend regularly and would withdraw to her own chambers.

憲王雅不以長子棁為人數，及薨，又不分與財物。 King Xian had never treated his eldest son Tiao as a person of consequence, and upon his death he left Tiao no share of the estate.

漢使者視憲王喪，棁自言憲王病時，王后、太子不侍，及薨，六日出舍，太子勃私姦，飲酒，博戲，擊筑，與女子載馳，環城過市，入牢視囚。 When Han envoys arrived to oversee King Xian's funeral, Tiao came forward and personally testified that during the king's illness, neither the queen nor the crown prince had attended him. After the king's death, they had left their mourning quarters within six days. He further reported that Crown Prince Bo had conducted illicit affairs, drunk wine, gambled, and played the bamboo zither. He had raced in carriages with women through the streets, ridden around the city walls and through the markets, and entered the prison to inspect the inmates.

月餘，天子為最親，乃詔有司曰：「常山憲王蚤夭，后妾不和，適孽誣爭，陷于不義以滅國，朕甚閔焉。 A little more than a month later, mindful that Changshan had been ruled by his closest kin, the Son of Heaven issued an edict to his ministers: "King Xian of Changshan died before his time. His queen and consorts were at odds, and legitimate and illegitimate sons slandered one another and quarreled until they fell into disgrace and the kingdom was extinguished. We are deeply grieved by this.

真定王平，元鼎四年用常山憲王子為真定王。 King Ping of Zhending, a son of King Xian of Changshan, was enfeoffed as King of Zhending in the fourth year of the Yuanding era.

泗水思王商，以元鼎四年用常山憲王子為泗水王。 King Si of Sishui, whose name was Shang, a son of King Xian of Changshan, was enfeoffed as King of Sishui in the fourth year of the Yuanding era.