Lu Kun (盧坤) | 24 Histories

Overview

The translated histories identify Lu Kun as an administrator, general, and official. This record brings together 15 passages from 2 chapters across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Lu Kun	盧坤	Lú Kūn
Courtesy	Houshan	厚山	Hòushān
Given	Kun	坤	Kūn
Given	Kun	坤	Kun
Surname	Lu	盧	Lú
Surname	Lu	盧	Lu
Personal name	Lu Kun	盧坤	Lu Kun
Posthumous	Wensu	文肅	Wénsù

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Explicit · qingshigao:379:s0061
Sex: male
Strongly inferred · qingshigao:384:s0001

Roles

Administrator
General
Official

Life and dates

Death

Date Context: Source Date: Text: 十五年 · Western Year: AD 1835
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:379:s0123, qingshigao:379:s0065

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 六年 · Western Year: AD 1826
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:379:s0075, qingshigao:379:s0065
Source Date: Text: 十三年 · Western Year: AD 1833
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:379:s0113, qingshigao:379:s0065
Source Date: Text: 十二年 · Western Year: AD 1832
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:379:s0102, qingshigao:379:s0065
Source Date: Text: 十二年 · Western Year: AD 1832
Explicit · qingshigao:384:s0083
Source Date: Text: 十五年 · Western Year: AD 1835
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:379:s0123, qingshigao:379:s0065
Source Date: Text: 十八年 · Western Year: AD 1813
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:379:s0064, qingshigao:379:s0062
Source Date: Text: 十年 · Western Year: AD 1830
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:379:s0094, qingshigao:379:s0065
Source Date: Text: 嘉慶四年 · Western Year: AD 1799
Explicit · qingshigao:379:s0062
Source Date: Text: 道光元年 · Western Year: AD 1821
Explicit · qingshigao:379:s0065

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Child of Biological father of Lu Kun
Kinship Term: biological father / 本生父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father
Kinship Term: birth parents / 本生父母 · Parentage: biological
Child of Biological mother of Lu Kun
Kinship Term: biological mother / 本生母 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: mother
Kinship Term: birth parents / 本生父母 · Parentage: biological
Child of Mother of Lu Kun
Kinship Term: mother / 母 · Parentage: uncertain
Kinship Term: mother / 母 · Parentage: uncertain · Subject Role: son · Object Role: mother
Parent of Lu Duandian (端黼)
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father

Career and standing

Label: grain intendant of Hunan / 湖南糧儲道 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 十八年 · Western Year: AD 1813
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:379:s0064, qingshigao:379:s0062
Label: Hanlin bachelor / 庶吉士 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 嘉慶四年 · Western Year: AD 1799
Explicit · qingshigao:379:s0062
Label: acting governor of Shaanxi / 護理陝西巡撫 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 道光元年 · Western Year: AD 1821
Explicit · qingshigao:379:s0065
Label: governor of Shandong / 山東巡撫 · Action: appointed
Explicit · qingshigao:379:s0091
Label: governor-general of Liangguang / 兩廣總督 · Action: appointed
Explicit · qingshigao:379:s0110
Label: principal clerk in the Board of War / 兵部主事 · Action: appointed
Explicit · qingshigao:379:s0062
Label: Governor-General / 總督 · Action: held · Place: Hubei / 湖北
Explicit · qingshigao:384:s0083
Label: governor of Guangdong / 廣東巡撫 · Action: promoted · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二年 · Western Year: AD 1822
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:379:s0066, qingshigao:379:s0065
Label: governor-general of Huguang / 湖廣總督 · Action: promoted · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 十年 · Western Year: AD 1830
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:379:s0094, qingshigao:379:s0065
Label: director / 郎中 · Action: promoted
Explicit · qingshigao:379:s0062
Label: governor of Shaanxi / 陝西巡撫 · Action: transferred · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二年 · Western Year: AD 1822
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:379:s0066, qingshigao:379:s0065
Label: governor of Shanxi / 山西巡撫 · Action: transferred
Explicit · qingshigao:379:s0091
Label: double-eyed peacock feather / 雙眼花翎 · Action: granted
Explicit · qingshigao:379:s0107
Label: first-grade finial / 頭品頂戴 · Action: granted
Explicit · qingshigao:379:s0090
Label: Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent / 太子少保 · Action: granted
Explicit · qingshigao:379:s0089
Label: Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent / 太子太師 · Action: posthumously-granted · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 十五年 · Western Year: AD 1835
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:379:s0123, qingshigao:379:s0065
Label: Minister of War / 兵部尚書 · Action: posthumously-granted · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 十五年 · Western Year: AD 1835
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:379:s0123, qingshigao:379:s0065
Title: first-class light chariot commandant / 一等輕車都尉 · Action: granted · Hereditary: true
Explicit · qingshigao:379:s0107

Places and affiliations

Label: Qing / 清 · Relation: served
Explicit · qingshigao:379:s0062
Place: Zhuozhou, Shuntian / 順天涿州
Explicit · qingshigao:379:s0061

Learning and skills

Credential: Presented Scholar / 進士 · Action: earned · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 嘉慶四年 · Western Year: AD 1799
Explicit · qingshigao:379:s0062

Works and attributed material

Kind: memorial · Role: author · Quote: true
Explicit · qingshigao:379:s0072

Events and relationships

Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: suppressed · Other Person Id: Zhao Jinlong (趙金龍) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 十二年 · Western Year: AD 1832
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:379:s0102, qingshigao:379:s0107, qingshigao:379:s0065
Kind: diplomatic · Role: official · Action: suspended-trade · Other Person Id: Napier (律勞卑)
Explicit · qingshigao:379:s0115, qingshigao:379:s0117
Relation: retained · Person Id: Wang Fengsheng (王鳳生)
Explicit · qingshigao:384:s0083

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: exceptional achievement in western logistics, Yao pacification, and handling foreign merchants · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · qingshigao:379:s0200
Item: peacock feather / 花翎 · Relation: bestowed
Explicit · qingshigao:379:s0063

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 379Volume 379 Biographies 166: Zhao Shenzhen, Lu Kun, Ceng Sheng, Tao Shu · 14 passages

Open chapter

趙慎畛盧坤曾勝陶澍 Zhao Shenzhen, Lu Kun, Zeng Sheng, and Tao Shu

盧坤，字厚山，順天涿州人。 Lu Kun, whose courtesy name was Houshan, came from Zhuozhou in Shuntian.

坤歷陳漢、蜀、唐、宋史事，及漢李翕郙閣頌，以徵墾治之利； Kun cited one historical precedent after another from the histories of Han, Shu, Tang, and Song, as well as Li Xi's Han inscription on the Efu Pavilion, to demonstrate the benefits of reclamation;

坤至，疏請實行散輪，建鹽倉於漢岸，俾商船源源攬運。 When Kun arrived he memorialized to implement open lots in earnest, built salt warehouses on the Han River shore, and enabled merchant boats to transport salt in a steady stream.

十二年，湖南江華瑤趙金龍作亂，粵瑤應之，湖南提督海凌阿及副將、游擊等皆戰歿，坤親往督師，密陳湖北提督羅思舉能辦賊。 In the twelfth year the Yao leader Zhao Jinlong of Jianghua in Hunan rose in rebellion, and Yao in Guangdong rose in response; the Hunan provincial commander Hailing'a and his vice commanders and brigade officers were all killed in battle. Kun went in person to take command and secretly memorialized that the Hubei provincial commander Luo Siju was the man to defeat the rebels.

時桂陽、常德諸瑤蜂起應賊，常德水師、荊州駐防兵皆不習山戰，坤至，悉罷之，改調鎮筸苗疆兵，分屯要隘，堅壁清野，與賊相持。 At that time Yao in Guiyang, Changde, and other districts rose in support of the rebels; the Changde naval forces and the Jingzhou garrison troops were unskilled in mountain warfare—when Kun arrived he dismissed them all, transferred troops from the Zhen'gan Miao frontier, garrisoned the strategic passes, practiced scorched-earth defense, and held the rebels at bay.

廣東連山黃瓜寨瑤猶猖獗，兩廣總督李鴻賓剿治不力，以罪逮，調坤代之。 The Yao of Huangguazhai in Lianshan, Guangdong, were still rampant; Governor-General Li Hongbin's campaign against them had failed, and he was arrested on criminal charges; Kun was transferred to replace him.

十三年，越南盜陳加海結邊地遊民嘯聚狗頭山，潛入內洋，遣水師擊沉八船，擒加海誅之。 In the thirteenth year the Vietnamese pirate Chen Jiahai joined with border vagabonds and gathered at Goutoushan, secretly entering coastal waters; Kun dispatched the navy, sank eight of their ships, captured Jiahai, and executed him.

英吉利兵船擅入海口，要乞推廣通商，坤依故事停其貿易。 English warships entered the estuary without authorization and demanded expanded trade; Kun, following established precedent, suspended their commerce.

坤設方略扼其歸路，斷其接濟，集水陸師臨以兵威，律勞卑窮蹙，引罪求去。 Kun devised a strategy to block their line of retreat and cut off their supplies, assembled land and naval forces to overawe them, and Napier, cornered, confessed his offense and begged to withdraw.

澳門洋商代請命，坤持之良久，乃驅之出口。 Macao merchants interceded on Napier's behalf; Kun held firm for a long time before finally driving the ships out of port.

坤久任封圻，所皆有名績，宣宗深倚之。 Kun had long held high provincial office with distinguished achievements wherever he served, and the Daoguang Emperor relied on him deeply.

十五年，卒，贈太子太師、兵部尚書，從優恤，諡文肅。 In the fifteenth year he died; he was posthumously appointed Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent and Minister of War, granted generous funeral honors, and given the posthumous title Wensu.

盧坤治回疆軍需，平湖南瑤，馭廣東夷商，皆有殊績。 Lu Kun's management of military supplies in the western regions, pacification of the Hunan Yao, and handling of foreign merchants in Guangdong were all marked by exceptional achievement.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 384Volume 384 Biographies 171: Lin Peihou, Li Xiangkun, Li Zongchuan, Wang Fengsheng, Huang Mian, Yu De Yuan, Yao Ying · 1 passage

Open chapter

十二年，湖北大潦，總督盧坤疏留鳳生治江、漢堤工，袤亙數百里，半載告竣，秋水至，新堤有潰者，鳳生引咎乞疾歸。 In the twelfth year, after severe flooding in Hubei, Governor Lu Kun kept Fengsheng to repair hundreds of li of Yangtze and Han dikes; the work was declared finished in half a year, but when the autumn floods came some new embankments gave way, and Fengsheng took the blame and retired on grounds of illness.