Ma Guizhong (馬貴中)

Overview

The translated histories identify Ma Guizhong as an astrologer, astronomer, and official. This record brings together 11 passages from 1 chapter across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Ma Guizhong	馬貴中	Ma Guizhong
Given	Guizhong	貴中	Guizhong

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Explicit · jinshi:131:s0097

Roles

Astrologer
Astronomer
Official

Life and dates

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 大定十年 · Regnal Year: 10 · Western Year: AD 1170
Explicit · jinshi:131:s0121
Source Date: Text: 正隆三年 · Regnal Year: 3 · Western Year: AD 1158
Explicit · jinshi:131:s0100
Source Date: Text: 正隆六年 · Regnal Year: 6 · Western Year: AD 1161
Explicit · jinshi:131:s0109
Source Date: Text: 大定八年 · Regnal Year: 8 · Western Year: AD 1168
Explicit · jinshi:131:s0117
Source Date: Text: 天德中 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1149 · End: AD 1153
Explicit · jinshi:131:s0097

Career and standing

Label: director of the Directorate of Astronomy / 司天監 · Action: appointed
Explicit · jinshi:131:s0099
Label: assistant magistrate of Datong Prefecture / 大同府判官 · Action: demoted
Explicit · jinshi:131:s0098
Label: supervisor of the Directorate of Astronomy / 司天提點 · Action: held
Explicit · jinshi:131:s0097
Status: beaten · Action: received · Authority Person Id: Hailing (海陵)
Explicit · jinshi:131:s0098

Places and affiliations

Polity: Jin / 金 · Relation: served
Explicit · jinshi:131:s0006, jinshi:131:s0055

Works and attributed material

Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Addressee Person Id: Hailing (海陵)
Explicit · jinshi:131:s0103, jinshi:131:s0104, jinshi:131:s0105, jinshi:131:s0106, jinshi:131:s0108, jinshi:131:s0110, jinshi:131:s0111, jinshi:131:s0114
Kind: memorial · Role: author · Addressee Person Id: Emperor Shizong of Jin (金世宗)
Explicit · jinshi:131:s0117, jinshi:131:s0118

Events and relationships

Kind: remonstrance · Role: remonstrator · Action: remonstrated against hunting and cuju
Explicit · jinshi:131:s0117

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: prognostications verified when Hailing died at Yangzhou · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · jinshi:131:s0116

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

History of Jin, Chapter 131Volume 131 Biographies 69: Huan Zhe, Liang Chong, Song Gui, Pan Shouheng, Fang Ji, Liu Wansu, Zhang Congzheng, Li Qingsi, Ji Tianxi, Zhang Yuansu, Ma Guizhong, Wu Zhen Son: Kang, Li Mao, Hu Dexin · 11 passages

Open chapter

馬貴中 Ma Guizhong

馬貴中，天德中，為司天提點。 During the Tiande era Ma Guizhong served as supervisor of the Directorate of Astronomy.

與校書郎高守元奏天象災異忤旨，海陵皆杖之，黜貴中為大同府判官。 He and the proofreader Gao Shouyuan memorialized on celestial omens and disasters in a way that displeased the emperor. Hailing had them both beaten and demoted Guizhong to assistant magistrate of Datong Prefecture.

是日，候之不食，海陵謂貴中曰：「自今凡遇日食皆面奏，不須頒示內外。」 That day they waited, but the sun was not eclipsed. Hailing told Guizhong, "From now on, whenever an eclipse is due, report to me in person. Do not issue proclamations inside and outside the court."

貴中對曰：「去年十月甲戌，熒惑順入太微，至屏星，留、退、西出。 Guizhong answered, "Last year, in the tenth month on the jiaxu day, Mars entered the Supreme Palace in direct motion, reached Screen Star, halted, retreated, and emerged to the west.

鎮戎軍地震大風，海陵以問，貴中對曰：「伏陰逼陽，所以震也。」 At Zhenrong Army post there was an earthquake and a great wind. Hailing asked about it, and Guizhong replied, "Hidden yin presses upon yang — that is why the earth quakes."

貴中對曰：「前年八月二十九日，太白入太微右掖門，九月二日，至端門，九日，至左掖門出，並曆左右執法。 Guizhong answered, "The year before last, on the twenty-ninth day of the eighth month, Venus entered the right side gate of the Supreme Palace. On the second day of the ninth month it reached the central gate; on the ninth it passed out through the left side gate, traversing the left and right law-enforcers throughout.

貴中又曰； Guizhong added,

及被害於揚州，貴中之言皆驗。 When he was killed at Yangzhou, every word of Guizhong's proved true.

大定八年，世宗擊球于常武殿，貴中上疏諫曰：「陛下為天下主，守宗廟社稷之重，圍獵擊球皆危事也。 In the eighth year of Dading (1168), Emperor Shizong played cuju at the Ever Martial Hall. Guizhong submitted a memorial of remonstrance: "Your Majesty is lord of all under Heaven, charged with the ancestral temples and the altars of soil and grain. Hunting and cuju are dangerous pursuits.

上飲歡甚，貴中被酒，前跪欲言事，錯亂失次，上不之罪，但令扶出。 The emperor drank freely. Guizhong, drunk, knelt forward to speak on some matter, grew confused, and lost all decorum. The emperor did not punish him but had him helped out.