Ruichen 瑞澂

Other names

Family

• Descendant of Qishan (琦善)
  grandson 孫 · paternal line · 2 generations · Through Gongtang (恭鏜)
  Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 370, passage 89
• Descendant of Qishan (琦善)
  grandson 孫 · paternal line · 2 generations
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 471, passage 84
• Sibling of Ruixun (瑞洵)
  brother 兄弟 · Uncertain siblings
  Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 370, passages 88-89
• Child of Gongtang (恭鏜)
  son 子
  father 父
  Sources vary in certainty · Draft History of Qing 370, passages 87, 89; Draft History of Qing 471, passage 84
• Kin of Zaize (載澤)
  relation by marriage 姻婭 · Other
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 471, passage 101

Origins and identity

• Manchu of the Plain Yellow Banner 滿洲正黃旗
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 471, passage 84

Career and standing

• acting Huguang governor-general 署湖廣總督
  AD 1909 宣統改元 · Acting
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 471, passages 94, 96
• assistant for Sichuan–Hankou and Canton–Hankou railways 會辦川漢、粵漢鐵路
  AD 1911 三年七月 · Appointed
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 471, passage 102
• Jiangxi judicial commissioner 江西按察使
  AD 1907 光緒三十三年 · Appointed
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 471, passage 89
• Ministry of Justice clerk 刑部筆帖式
  Appointed
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 471, passage 85
• Huguang governor-general 湖廣總督
  AD 1910 逾歲 · Confirmed
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 471, passages 94, 97
• governor-general of the Two Huguang 兩湖總督
  Held
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 370, passage 89

Places and affiliations

• Qing 清
  Relation Served
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 471, passage 85
• Polity Qing 清 · Relation Served
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 370, passage 89
• AD 1911 三年
  At Shanghai 上海 · Relation Fled to
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 471, passages 102, 108, 114
• At Huguang 兩湖 · Relation Posted to
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 370, passage 89
• At Shanghai 上海 · Relation Posted to
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 471, passage 86

Learning and skills

• Held
  Credential tribute student 貢生
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 471, passage 85

Events and relationships

• Abandoned Wuchang
  AD 1911 三年 · Military · Fleeing commander · At Wuchang 武昌
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 471, passages 102, 108
• Arrested revolutionaries
  AD 1911 三年 · Legal · Prosecutor
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 471, passages 102, 106
• Built police system
  Administrative · Reformer
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 471, passage 88
• Constitutional preparations
  Administrative · Implementer
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 471, passage 100
• Failed to prepare for Wuchang uprising
  AD 1911 三年 · Military · Defender · At Wuchang 武昌
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 471, passages 102, 104-105
• Pursued bandits
  AD 1907 光緒三十三年 · Military · Commander
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 471, passages 89, 91-93

Assessments and attributes

• Assessment chief criminal for abandoning Wuchang · Mode historian-judgment
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 471, passage 121
• Assessment prestige rose after Hunan impeachments · Mode historian-judgment
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 471, passage 99
• Assessment reputation for uprightness in foreign dealings · Mode historian-judgment
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 471, passage 87

Source notes

• Historicity historical
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 473, passage 56
• has his own biography in this history
  Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 370, passage 90