Shang (商) | 24 Histories

Overview

The translated histories identify Shang as an administrator, general, hermit, and named individual. This record brings together 5 passages from 1 chapter across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Shang	商	Shang
Courtesy name	Qiuqing	秋卿	Qiuqing
Personal name	Shang	商	Shang
Courtesy name	Yisheng	義聲	Yisheng

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0236, xintangshu:113:s0249

Roles

Administrator
General
Hermit
Named Individual
Official
Statesman

Life and dates

Death

Statement: died after rising to Junior Tutor of the Heir Apparent
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0248

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 咸通初 · Western Year: AD 860
Explicit event contextual date · xintangshu:113:s0246
Source Date: Text: 咸通四年 · Western Year: AD 863
Explicit event contextual date · xintangshu:113:s0246, xintangshu:113:s0247
Source Date: Text: 大中時 · Western Interval: Start: AD 847 · End: AD 860
Explicit event contextual date · xintangshu:113:s0239

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Parent of Yanruo (彥若)
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son

Career and standing

Label: Minister of Punishments / 刑部尚書 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 咸通初 · Western Year: AD 860
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0246
Label: Salt and Iron Transport Commissioner for all circuits / 諸道鹽鐵轉運使 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 咸通初 · Western Year: AD 860
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0246
Label: Chancellor (Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi) / 同中書門下平章事 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 咸通四年 · Western Year: AD 863
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0247
Label: Military Commissioner of Jingnan / 荊南節度使 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 咸通四年 · Western Year: AD 863
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0247
Label: border-touring commissioner / 巡邊使 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 大中時 · Western Interval: Start: AD 847 · End: AD 860
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0240
Label: Left Vice Director of the Department of State Affairs / 尚書左丞 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 大中時 · Western Interval: Start: AD 847 · End: AD 860
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0239
Label: Junior Tutor of the Heir Apparent / 太子太保 · Action: appointed
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0248
Label: Military Commissioner of Hezhong / 河中節度使 · Action: appointed
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0240
Label: Military Commissioner of Shannan East Circuit / 山南東道節度使 · Action: transferred
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0243
Title: Viscount of Dongguan / 東莞縣子 · Action: enfeoffed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 咸通初 · Western Year: AD 860
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0246
Title: Viscount of Dongguan / 東莞縣子 · Action: held
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0246

Places and affiliations

Polity: Tang / 唐 · Relation: served
Strongly inferred · xintangshu:113:s0239, xintangshu:113:s0240, xintangshu:113:s0246, xintangshu:113:s0247
Place: Xinzheng / 新鄭
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0236
Place: Hezhong / 河中 · Relation: posted-to
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0240
Place: Jingnan / 荊南 · Relation: posted-to
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0247
Place: Kuandxiang east of the mountains / 山東寬鄉 · Relation: posted-to
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0242
Place: Mount Zhongtiao / 中條山 · Relation: resided-in
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0237
Place: Shannan East Circuit / 山南東道 · Relation: posted-to
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0243
Place: Xinzheng / 新鄭 · Relation: resided-in
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0236

Learning and skills

Credential: Presented Scholar / 進士 · Action: earned
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0238

Events and relationships

Kind: military · Role: organizer · Action: formed-reserve-army · Place: Kuandxiang / 寬鄉
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0242
Kind: personal · Role: hermit · Action: lived-in-seclusion · Place: Mount Zhongtiao / 中條山
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0237
Kind: administrative · Role: settlement-commissioner · Action: pacified-and-settled · Place: Mount E / 特峨山
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0241, xintangshu:113:s0242
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: sent-troops · Other Person Id: Han Jiyou (韓季友) · Place: Shannan / 山南
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0244
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: suppressed-bandits · Place: Xiang / 襄
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0243
Relation: commander-of · Person Id: Han Jiyou (韓季友)
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0244
Relation: appointed-by · Person Id: Emperor Xuanzong (宣宗)
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0240

Assessments and attributes

Item: pleated-paper armor / 襞紙為鎧 · Relation: used
Explicit · xintangshu:113:s0242

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

New Book of Tang, Chapter 113Volume 113 Biographies 38: Tang, Zhang, Xu · 5 passages

Open chapter

商，字義聲，或字秋卿，客新鄭再世，因為新鄭人。 Shang, whose style was Yisheng or Qiuqing, came from a family that had lived in Xinzheng for two generations and thus became a native of that place.

突厥殘種保特峨山，以千帳度河自歸，詔商綏定。 Remnant Turks held Mount E with a thousand tents and crossed the river to submit. The emperor ordered Shang to settle them.

商表處山東寬鄉，置備征軍，凡千人，襞紙為鎧，勁矢不能洞。 Shang settled them east of the mountains in Kuandxiang and formed a thousand-man reserve army whose pleated-paper armor strong arrows could not pierce.

徙節山南東道，襄多山棚，為票賊，商取材卒為捕盜將，別為屯營，寇所發，輒跡捕，捕必得，遂為精兵。 Transferred to eastern Shannan, where mountain bandits were numerous, he selected tough soldiers as anti-bandit troops in separate camps. Whenever raiders struck he tracked them down and always captured them, forging an elite force.

江西都將反，韋宙乘傳抵山南發兵，商命部將韓季友以捕盜營士往。 When the Jiangxi military commissioner rebelled, Wei Zhou rushed to Shannan to raise troops, and Shang sent his general Han Jiyou with the anti-bandit battalion.