Shi Hongzhao (史宏肇)

Overview

The translated histories identify Shi Hongzhao as a general, military officer, official, and statesman. This record brings together 22 passages from 9 chapters across 2 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Shi Hongzhao	史宏肇	Shi Hongzhao
Given	Hongzhao	宏肇
Given name	Hongzhao	弘肇
Personal name	Shi Hongzhao	史宏肇	Shǐ Hóngzhāo
Personal	Shi Hongzhao	史弘肇	Shǐ Hóngzhāo
Personal	Shi Hongzhao	史弘肇	Shi Hongzhao
Personal name	Shi Hongzhao	史弘肇	Shǐ Hóngzhào
Personal name	Shi Hongzhao	史弘肇	Shǐ Hóngzhāo
Personal name	Shi Hongzhao	史弘肇

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Strongly inferred · jiuwudaishi:102:s0101, jiuwudaishi:105:s0012, xinwudaishi:018:s0007
Sex: male
Explicit · xinwudaishi:011:s0017, xinwudaishi:031:s0003, xinwudaishi:049:s0088, xinwudaishi:053:s0013

Roles

General
Military Officer
Official
Statesman

Life and dates

Death

Cause: killed in Hidden Emperor plot
Explicit · xinwudaishi:011:s0042
Manner: executed; clan exterminated · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 乾祐三年十一月丙子 · Western Year: AD 950
Explicit · xinwudaishi:010:s0119
Manner: executed / 見殺 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 漢隱帝誅權臣 · Western Year: AD 950
Explicit · xinwudaishi:031:s0004
Manner: killed
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:105:s0012
Explicit · xinwudaishi:018:s0007, xinwudaishi:018:s0011

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 乾祐三年；被殺 · Western Year: AD 950
Explicit · xinwudaishi:010:s0119
Source Date: Text: 乾祐三年 · Western Year: AD 950
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:105:s0012, xinwudaishi:011:s0042
Source Date: Text: 乾祐二年 · Western Year: AD 949
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:102:s0101
Source Date: Text: 乾祐元年 · Western Year: AD 948
Explicit event contextual date · xinwudaishi:011:s0017
Source Date: Text: 乾祐至廣順初 · Western Interval: Start: AD 948 · End: AD 951
Explicit · xinwudaishi:018:s0007
Source Date: Text: 天福十二年；取代州 · Western Year: AD 947
Explicit · xinwudaishi:010:s0026
Source Date: Text: 漢隱帝已殺大臣史弘肇等 · Western Year: AD 950
Explicit · xinwudaishi:050:s0002
Source Date: Text: 漢隱帝時 · Western Year: AD 950
Explicit event contextual date · xinwudaishi:031:s0003, xinwudaishi:031:s0004
Source Date: Text: 漢高祖 · Western Year: AD 947
Explicit event contextual date · xinwudaishi:049:s0088, xinwudaishi:049:s0087
Source Date: Text: 隱帝新立 · Western Interval: Start: AD 948 · End: AD 950
Explicit event contextual date · xinwudaishi:053:s0013, xinwudaishi:053:s0066

Career and standing

Status: in-power · Action: held
Explicit · xinwudaishi:049:s0088

Works and attributed material

Kind: memorial · Role: author
Explicit · xinwudaishi:049:s0099

Events and relationships

Kind: legal · Role: authority · Action: investigated-and-executed-accuser · Other Person Id: Slave of Tang Jingsi (唐景思奴)
Explicit · xinwudaishi:049:s0099
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: took Dai and killed Wang Hui
Explicit · xinwudaishi:010:s0026
Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: took Luzhou and Zezhou · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天福十二年 · Western Year: AD 947
Explicit · xinwudaishi:010:s0037, xinwudaishi:010:s0039

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: delighted in killing on denunciation · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · xinwudaishi:049:s0088

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 102Volume 102 Book of Later Jin 4: Emperor Yin Annals 2 · 2 passages

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九月乙己，樞密使郭威檢校太師、兼侍中，宋州節度使兼侍衛親軍都指揮使史宏肇加兼中書令。 In the ninth month, on the yisi day, the Bureau of Military Affairs commissioner Guo Wei was made Acting Grand Tutor and concurrent Palace Attendant, and the Song Prefecture military governor and concurrent commander of the Imperial Guards Shi Hongzhao was given the additional title of Grand Councilor.

帝然之，於是宏肇與宰相、樞密使、三司使，次第加恩。 The emperor approved, and then Hongzhao, the chief ministers, the Bureau of Military Affairs commissioner, and the Commissioner of the Three Departments received favors in sequence.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 105Volume 105 Book of Later Jin 7: Biographies 2: Imperial Family · 1 passage

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初，聞殺楊邠、史宏肇，遽啟宴席，集參佐賓幕，令相致賀。 When word came that Yang Bin and Shi Hongzhao had been killed, he at once threw a banquet, gathered his staff and secretariat advisers, and told them to congratulate one another.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 10Volume 10 Later Jin Annals 1: Gaozu, Emperor Yin · 4 passages

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武節都指揮使史弘肇取代州，殺其刺史王暉。 Shi Hongzhao of the military inspectorate seized Dai prefecture and executed the prefect Wang Hui.

乙丑，侍衛親軍步軍都指揮使史弘肇取潞州。 On yichou Shi Hongzhao, commander of the Imperial Guard foot corps, seized Luzhou.

史弘肇取澤州。 Shi Hongzhao took Ze prefecture.

冬十一月丙子，殺楊邠及侍衛親軍都指揮使史弘肇、三司使王章，皆滅其族。 On bingzi in the eleventh month Yang Bin was executed, along with Shi Hongzhao, commander of the palace guards, and Wang Zhang, commissioner of the Three Departments; every clan of the three was wiped out.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 11Volume 11 Later Zhou Annals 2: Taizu · 4 passages

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乾祐元年正月，高祖疾大漸，以隱帝托威及史弘肇等。 In the first month of Qianyou 1, as Gaozu lay dying, he committed the Hidden Emperor to the care of Wei, Shi Hongzhao, and the rest.

隱帝以威為賢，於是悉召楊邠、史弘肇、蘇逢吉、禹珪、竇貞固、王章等皆賜以玉帶，威乃受。 Moved, the Hidden Emperor called in Yang Bin, Shi Hongzhao, Su Fengji, Yu Gui, Dou Zhengu, Wang Zhang, and the others and belted them too; then Wei accepted his own.

宰相蘇逢吉以謂樞密使不可以藩鎮兼領，與史弘肇等固爭。 Chancellor Su Fengji argued that the Privy Commissioner must not double as a military commissioner; he and Shi Hongzhao fought the appointment to the end.

隱帝與李業等謀，已殺史弘肇等，詔鎮寧軍節度使李弘義殺侍衛步軍指揮使王殷於澶州，又詔侍衛馬軍指揮使郭崇殺威及宣徽使王峻於魏。 The Hidden Emperor and Li Ye had already struck down Shi Hongzhao and his allies. He now ordered Li Hongyi of Zhenning to murder Wang Yin, foot commander of the Palace Guard, at Chanzhou, and Guo Chong, horse commander, to kill Wei and Wang Jun, commissioner of the Palace Secretariat, at Wei prefecture.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 18Volume 18: The Later Han Imperial Family · 1 passage

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初，帝與允明等謀誅楊邠、史弘肇等，議已定，入白太后。 When he and Yunming had settled on killing Yang Bin, Shi Hongzhao, and the others, he told the empress dowager.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 31Volume 31 Later Zhou Biographies 11: Wang Pu, Zheng Renhui, Hu Zai · 2 passages

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邠與王章、史弘肇等有隙，朴見漢興日淺，隱帝年少孱弱，任用小人，而邠為大臣，與將相交惡，知其必亂，乃去邠東歸。 Bin feuded with Wang Zhang, Shi Hongzhao, and others. Pu saw Han still new, the Hidden Emperor young and frail, petty men in power—and Bin, a chief minister, at war with the generals. He knew ruin was coming and left Bin for the east.

後李業等教隱帝誅權臣，邠與章、弘肇皆見殺，三家之客多及，而朴以故獨免。 Later Li Ye and others persuaded the Hidden Emperor to purge the powerful ministers. Bin, Zhang, and Hongzhao were killed; clients of all three houses fell with them—Pu alone was spared, having left in time.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 49Volume 49 Miscellaneous Biographies 29: Di Guangye, Feng Hui, Huang Fuhui, Tang Jingsi, Wang Jin, Chang Si, Sun Fangjian · 5 passages

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漢法酷，而史弘肇用事，喜以告訐殺人。 Han law ran harsh. Shi Hongzhao held power and loved to kill on accusation.

景思有奴，嘗有所求不如意，即馳見弘肇，言景思與李景交通，而私畜兵甲。 Jingsi had a slave whose wish went unmet; the man galloped to Hongzhao and said Jingsi trafficked with Li Jing and hid arms.

弘肇遣吏將三十騎往收景思，奴謂吏曰：「景思勇者也，得則殺之，不然將失之也。」 Hongzhao sent thirty horse to seize him. The slave told them: "Jingsi is bold—take him and kill at once or you will lose him."

景思有仆王知權在京師，聞景思被告，乃見弘肇，願先下獄明景思不反，弘肇憐之，送知權獄中，日勞以酒食。 Servant Wang Zhiquan was in the capital; hearing the charge, he saw Hongzhao and offered prison first to prove no revolt. Hongzhao pitied him and jailed Zhiquan, daily feeding him wine and meat.

弘肇乃鞫其奴，具伏，即奏斬奴而釋景思。 Hongzhao examined the slave; he confessed all. Hongzhao memorialized, beheaded the slave, and freed Jingsi.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 50Volume 50 Miscellaneous Biographies 30: Wang Jun, Wang Yin, Liu Ci, Wang Huan, Zhe Congruan · 1 passage

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漢隱帝已殺大臣史弘肇等，又遣人殺周太祖及峻等，峻等遂與太祖舉兵犯京師。 The Hidden Emperor had killed Shi Hongzhao and other great ministers, then sent men to kill Taizu and Jun. Jun and the rest joined Taizu and marched on the capital.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 53Volume 53 Miscellaneous Biographies 33: Wang Jinchong, Zhao Suwan, Murong Yanchao · 2 passages

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益至京師，隱帝新立，史弘肇、楊邠等用事，益乃厚賂邠等，陰以事中景崇。 Yi reached the capital while Emperor Yin had only just taken the throne. Shi Hongzhao, Yang Bin, and their faction were in control. Yi bribed Bin heavily and secretly maneuvered to entrap Jingchong.

隱帝已殺史弘肇等，又遣人之魏殺周太祖及王峻等，懼事不果，召諸將入衛京師。 Emperor Yin had already killed Shi Hongzhao and his faction and sent assassins to Wei to kill Zhou Taizu and Wang Jun. When the plot seemed likely to fail, he summoned his generals to defend the capital.