Shulu (舒嚕氏) | 24 Histories

Overview

Shulu was a consort and Regent.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal name	Empress Chunqin of the Xiao clan	淳欽皇后蕭氏
Childhood name	Yueliduo	月理朵	Yueliduo
Posthumous name	Empress Chunqin	淳欽皇后	Chúnqīn Huánghòu

Life and dates

Death

At Mount Muye · After Western Year AD 947
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passage 55
AD 953 應歷三年
Age Value: 75
Directly stated · History of Liao 71, passage 69
Date Source Date: Text: 應曆3年六月丁卯 · Reign Id: liao-yingli · Regnal Year: 3 · Western Year: AD 953
Directly stated · History of Liao 6, passage 56

Age

75
AD 953 應歷三年
Directly stated · History of Liao 71, passage 69

Attested activity

AD 953 應曆3年
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 6, passage 56
AD 953 應歷三年
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 71, passage 69
AD 916 神冊元年春
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 72, passages 8, 19
AD 926 to AD 947 Chronology stated or entailed by s0042, s0055
Strongly inferred · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passages 42, 55
AD 916 to AD 918 剌葛之亂
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 73, passage 179
AD 947 天福十二年
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 100, passage 85

Show 22 more source-backed claims

AD 927 天顯二年，應天皇太后稱制
Directly stated · History of Liao 57, passage 21
AD 935 太宗天顯十年
Directly stated · History of Liao 45, passage 254
AD 947 太宗崩後
Directly stated · History of Liao 77, passage 10
AD 907 to AD 926 太祖
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 65, passage 19
AD 926 太祖崩
Directly stated · History of Liao 77, passage 125
AD 916 太祖朝
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 74, passage 46
AD 907 to AD 926 太祖淳欽皇后
Directly stated · History of Liao 67, passages 6, 101
AD 916 to AD 953 應天皇后
Directly stated · History of Liao 31, passages 24, 69
AD 926 to AD 953 應天皇太后知國政
Directly stated · History of Liao 45, passage 161
AD 916 to AD 953 應天皇太后置
Strongly inferred · History of Liao 46, passage 114
AD 935 應天皇太后長寧宮
Strongly inferred · History of Liao 45, passages 254, 313
AD 938 晉高祖使馮道、劉煦冊應天太后、太宗皇帝
Directly stated · History of Liao 54, passage 72
AD 938 會同初
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 71, passage 61
AD 916 to AD 926 淳欽皇后
Strongly inferred · History of Liao 71, passage 123
AD 916 to AD 953 淳欽皇后
Directly stated · History of Liao 31, passage 182
AD 916 淳欽皇后
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 85, passage 55
AD 916 to AD 926 淳欽皇后收養之
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 108, passage 11
AD 907 to AD 953 淳欽皇后時
Directly stated · History of Liao 61, passage 34
AD 926 to AD 927 淳欽皇后稱制
Directly stated · History of Liao 75, passage 43
AD 916 to AD 947 皇后述律氏
Directly stated · History of Liao 35, passages 5, 9
AD 916 神冊元年
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 71, passage 42
AD 916 to AD 926 遼太祖朝
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 116, passages 13, 86, 254

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Kin of Xiao Han (蕭翰)
brother's son / nephew 兄子 · paternal line · Through Elder brother of Empress Shulü (述律皇后之兄)
Directly stated · History of Liao 116, passage 13
Parent of Zhilugu (直魯古)
adopted and raised 收養 · Adoptive parentage
Directly stated · History of Liao 108, passage 11
Kin of Pogu Meili (婆姑梅里)
clansman of 族
Directly stated · History of Liao 116, passage 226
Kin of Shensi Meili (慎思梅里)
clansman of 族
Directly stated · History of Liao 116, passage 226
Descendant of Nusi (糯思)
descendant of 之後
Strongly inferred · History of Liao 67, passages 6-7, 101
Sibling of Yuwen (欲穩)
elder brother 兄
Directly stated · History of Liao 74, passage 102
Sibling of Elder brother of Empress Shulü (述律皇后之兄)
elder brother 兄 · Uncertain siblings
Directly stated · History of Liao 116, passage 13
Sibling of Xiao Dilu (蕭敵魯)
elder sister 女兄 · Full siblings
Directly stated · History of Liao 73, passage 156
Sibling of Aguzhi (阿骨只)
elder sister 女兄 · Full siblings
younger brother 弟 · Full siblings
younger brother 弟 · Uncertain siblings
younger brother 弟
Sources vary in certainty · History of Liao 73, passages 156, 172; History of Liao 85, passage 55; History of Liao 71, passages 71, 123; History of Liao 93, passage 8
Sibling of Mother of Laogu (老古母)
elder sister 姊
Directly stated · History of Liao 73, passage 188
Spouse of Taizu (太祖)
empress 后 · Primary marriage · Widowed
Directly stated · History of Liao 77, passages 16, 125
Spouse of Emperor Taizu of Liao (遼太祖)
empress 皇后
empress 皇后 · Uncertain parentage · Primary marriage
empress 皇后 · Primary marriage
husband 夫
married 娶 · Marriage
Sources vary in certainty · History of Liao 108, passage 11; History of Liao 35, passages 4-5; History of Liao 75, passages 43, 105; New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passage 42; History of Liao 116, passages 11, 86, 254; History of Liao 72, passage 8; History of Liao 67, passages 6, 101
Spouse of Taizu (太祖)
empress/consort of 后
Directly stated · History of Liao 71, passages 1, 34
Child of Yuewan (月碗)
father 父
Directly stated · History of Liao 67, passage 101; History of Liao 71, passage 35
Kin of Wu Yu (烏裕)
grandmother 祖母
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 100, passage 85
Kin of Emperor Shizong (世宗)
grandmother 祖母
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passage 33
Child of Daughter of King Yundeji (勻德恝王女)
mother 母
Directly stated · History of Liao 71, passage 35
Parent of Yelü Bei (突欲)
mother 母
Sources vary in certainty · History of Liao 71, passage 62; New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passage 34; History of Liao 72, passage 8
Parent of Li Hu (李胡)
mother 母
son 子
Directly stated · History of Liao 71, passage 64; History of Liao 72, passage 48; History of Liao 77, passages 10, 66
Parent of Taizong (太宗)
mother 母
Strongly inferred · History of Liao 71, passage 62
Parent of Emperor Taizong of Liao (遼太宗)
mother 母
Strongly inferred · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passage 34
Parent of Human Emperor King (人皇王)
son 子
Strongly inferred · History of Liao 77, passage 50
Parent of Emperor Taizong (太宗)
son 子
Directly stated · History of Liao 77, passages 47, 125
Sibling of Shilu (實魯)
younger brother 弟
Directly stated · History of Liao 71, passage 206
Sibling of Xiao Shilu (蕭室魯)
younger brother 弟 · Uncertain siblings
Directly stated · History of Liao 65, passage 19
Sibling of Aguzhi (阿古只)
younger brother 弟 · Uncertain siblings
Directly stated · History of Liao 87, passage 5

Key source chapters

Origins and identity

Ethnicity Uighur ancestry 回鶻
Directly stated · History of Liao 71, passage 35

Career and standing

regent handling military and state affairs 稱制攝軍國事
Held
Directly stated · History of Liao 71, passage 58
Earth Empress 地皇后
Held
Directly stated · History of Liao 35, passage 9
Empress Dowager Yingtian 應天皇太后
Held
Directly stated · History of Liao 46, passage 114; History of Liao 57, passage 21
Empress 皇后
Held
Directly stated · History of Liao 35, passage 5
Earth Empress 地皇后
Received
Directly stated · History of Liao 71, passage 41
assumed regency 稱制
AD 927 天顯二年 · Regent · Assumed
Directly stated · History of Liao 57, passage 21

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Assumed
Regent
Directly stated · History of Liao 71, passage 58
Entered
Imprisonment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 100, passage 85
Governed state
Regent
Directly stated · History of Liao 45, passage 161
Held
Empress dowager
Directly stated · History of Liao 54, passage 72
Empress dowager
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passages 34, 41
Imprisoned by Wuyu
Places Zuzhou, Puma Mountain
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passages 39, 111
Killed more than one hundred generals after Abaoji’s death
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passages 42-43

Places and affiliations

Polities liao, Khitan
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passage 33
Polity Khitan 契丹 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 100, passage 85
Polity Id liao · Relation Affiliated with
Directly stated · History of Liao 45, passages 254, 313
Polity Id liao · Relation Associated with
Strongly inferred · History of Liao 45, passage 161
Polity Id liao · Relation Associated with
Directly stated · History of Liao 72, passages 8, 19
Polity Id liao · Relation Associated
Strongly inferred · History of Liao 71, passage 1

Show 15 more source-backed claims

Polity Id liao · Relation Consort of ruler
Directly stated · History of Liao 71, passage 34
Polity Id liao · Relation Consort of ruling house
Directly stated · History of Liao 61, passage 34
Polity Id liao · Relation Consort of
Directly stated · History of Liao 108, passage 11; History of Liao 116, passages 13, 86, 254
Polity Id liao · Relation Member of
Directly stated · History of Liao 71, passage 123
Polity Id liao · Relation Regent
Directly stated · History of Liao 57, passage 21
Polity Id liao · Relation Served
Directly stated · History of Liao 31, passages 24, 182; History of Liao 35, passage 5; History of Liao 46, passage 114; History of Liao 54, passage 72; History of Liao 73, passage 156; History of Liao 74, passage 46; History of Liao 75, passage 43; History of Liao 77, passage 10
Polity Id liao · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · History of Liao 67, passage 101
Polity Id liao · Relation Subject of
Strongly inferred · History of Liao 65, passage 19
At Khitan Right Great Division 契丹右大部
Directly stated · History of Liao 71, passage 35
At ancestral tombs 祖陵 · Relation Buried at · Date Source Date: Text: 應曆3年十一月 · Reign Id: liao-yingli · Regnal Year: 3 · Western Year: AD 953
Directly stated · History of Liao 6, passage 64
At Changning Palace 長寧宮 · Relation Eponym of
Directly stated · History of Liao 45, passage 313
At Zu Mausoleum 祖陵 · Relation Buried at
Directly stated · History of Liao 71, passage 69
At Zuzhou 祖州 · Relation Relocated to
Directly stated · History of Liao 71, passage 68
Organization shushan army 屬珊軍 · Relation Commander of
Directly stated · History of Liao 35, passages 5, 9
Organization Shushan households 屬珊 · Relation Controller of
Directly stated · History of Liao 116, passage 254

Works and attributed material

Speech · Speaker · Mode quotation
Directly stated · History of Liao 72, passages 65-66
Speech · Speaker · With Emperor Taizu of Liao (遼太祖) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · History of Liao 74, passage 46
Speech · Speaker · Quote true
Directly stated · History of Liao 71, passages 48, 51-52, 54-56
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation
Directly stated · History of Liao 77, passages 21, 55, 60, 66-67
Speech · Speaker
Directly stated · History of Liao 75, passage 108
warned Deguang that conquering China would bring disaster
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passages 51, 53

Events and relationships

Accounts merged into maternal uncle office
AD 935 太宗天顯十年 · Administrative · Account holder
Dated from the passage context · History of Liao 45, passage 254
Adopted and raised
Adoption · Adoptive parent · With Zhilugu (直魯古)
Directly stated · History of Liao 108, passage 11
Assumed regency
AD 927 天顯二年 · Political · Regent
Directly stated · History of Liao 57, passage 21
routed Huangtou and Choubo Shiwei 大破黃頭臭泊二室韋
Military · Commander · Defeated
Directly stated · History of Liao 71, passages 44-45
Changning Palace 長寧宮
AD 916 to AD 953 長寧宮 · Institutional · Founder · Established · Organization Pusuwan orudo 蒲速碗斡魯朵
Directly stated · History of Liao 31, passage 69
Established
Administrative · Founder · Organization Shan Army Xiangwen Office 屬珊軍詳穩司 · created an army of two hundred thousand elite Khitan and Han troops, named for coral-like splendor
Directly stated · History of Liao 46, passages 113-116

Show 11 more source-backed claims

Followed on campaign
Military · Participant · With Emperor Taizu of Liao (遼太祖)
Directly stated · History of Liao 116, passage 254
Installed
Political · Kingmaker · With Emperor Taizong of Liao (遼太宗)
Directly stated · History of Liao 72, passages 19-20
Invested
Ritual · Honoree
Directly stated · History of Liao 54, passage 72
made them registered-household gentlemen 以為著帳郎君
Administrative · Authority · Made registered household gentlemen
Directly stated · History of Liao 31, passage 182
Marched against Wuyu in an attempt to depose him
Event marched against Wuyu in an attempt to depose him · Historical event
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passage 35
Received surrender
Military · Participant · With Yinzhuan (諲譔)
Directly stated · History of Liao 116, passage 86
Released wali households as account langjun and ladies
Legal · Authority
Directly stated · History of Liao 45, passage 161
Selected shushan army
Military · Commander · Detail While keeping the capital, selected elite Fan and Han troops for the shushan army 居守之際，摘蕃漢精銳為屬珊軍
Directly stated · History of Liao 35, passage 5
Sent army
Military · Commander authority · With Li Hu (李胡)
Directly stated · History of Liao 72, passage 59
Set apart registered account gentlemen
Legal · Ruler
Directly stated · History of Liao 61, passage 34
Severed right wrist into coffin
Ritual · Actor
Directly stated · History of Liao 71, passage 59

Assessments and attributes

Assessment clever and pitiless · Mode source-text
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passage 41
Assessment recognized Han Yanhui as worthy · Mode speech Speaker Shulu (舒嚕氏)
Directly stated · History of Liao 71, passage 48
Attribute severed one wrist after Zhao Siwen challenged her
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 73, passages 45, 50
AD 927 天顯二年
Item seal and investiture cord 璽綬 · Relation Received
Directly stated · History of Liao 57, passage 21

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · History of Liao 45, passage 161; History of Liao 46, passage 114; History of Liao 65, passage 19
The shushan army belonging to the Earth Empress numbered two hundred thousand riders 屬珊軍：地皇后屬，二十萬騎
Directly stated · History of Liao 35, passage 9
From Empress Shulü 述律皇后 · To Empress Yingtian 應天皇後
Strongly inferred · History of Liao 116, passages 13, 254

References in the histories

Search passages

History

110 passages

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 100Volume 100 Book of Later Jin 2: Gaozu Annals 2 · 1 passage

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是月，契丹永康王烏裕囚祖母舒嚕氏於木葉山。 That month Khitan Prince Yongkang Wu Yu imprisoned his grandmother Lady Shulu on Mount Muye.

History of Liao, Chapter 6Volume 6 Annals 6: Muzong 1 · 3 passages

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六月丁卯，應天皇太后崩。 In the sixth month, on dingmao day, Empress Dowager Yingtian passed away.

冬十月己酉，命太師唐骨德治大行皇太后園陵。 That winter, in the tenth month on jiyou day, Grand Preceptor Tang Gude was ordered to oversee the tomb park of the late Grand Empress Dowager.

十一月辛丑，謚皇太后曰貞烈，葬祖陵。 In the eleventh month, on xinchou day, the late empress dowager was posthumously titled Chaste and Resolute and interred at the ancestral tombs.

History of Liao, Chapter 31Volume 31 Treatises 1: Management of Guards 1 · 3 passages

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太祖曰弘義宮，應天皇后曰長寧宮，太宗曰永興宮，世宗曰積慶宮。 Taizu: Hongyi Palace; Empress Yingtian: Changning Palace; Taizong: Yongxing Palace; Shizong: Jiqing Palace.

蒲速碗斡魯朵，應天皇太后置。 The Pusuwan orudo, established by Empress Yingtian.

淳欽皇后有之，以為著帳郎君。 Empress Chunqin took charge of them and made them registered-household gentlemen.

History of Liao, Chapter 35Volume 35 Treatises 5: Military 2 · 2 passages

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皇后述律氏居守之際，摘蕃漢精銳為屬珊軍。 While Empress Shulü kept guard at the capital she selected elite Fan and Han troops for the shushan army.

屬珊軍：地皇后屬，二十萬騎。 The shushan army belonged to the Earth Empress and numbered two hundred thousand riders.

History of Liao, Chapter 45Volume 45 Treatises 15: Official Posts 1 · 3 passages

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應天皇太后知國政，析出之，以為著帳郎君、娘子，每加矜恤。 Empress Dowager Yingtian ruled and released them as account langjun and ladies, showing them special favor.

太宗天顯十年，合皇太后二帳為國舅司； In Taizong Tianxian year 10 the empress dowager's two accounts were merged into one maternal-uncle office;

應天皇太后長寧宮穆宗延昌宮景宗彰湣宮承天皇太后崇德宮 Empress Dowager Yingtian Changning Palace, Muzong Yanchang Palace, Jingzong Zhangmin Palace, and Empress Dowager Chengtian Chongde Palace

History of Liao, Chapter 46Volume 46 Treatises 16: Official Posts 2 · 1 passage

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應天皇太后置，軍二十萬。 Empress Dowager Yingtian created it with an army of two hundred thousand.

History of Liao, Chapter 54Volume 54 Treatises 24: Music · 1 passage

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晉高祖使馮道、劉煦冊應天太后、太宗皇帝，其聲器、工官與法駕，同歸於遼。 When Jin Gaozu sent Feng Dao and Liu Xu to invest Empress Dowager Yingtian and Emperor Taizong, the musical instruments, musicians, and imperial regalia all passed into Liao hands together.

History of Liao, Chapter 57Volume 57 Treatises 27: Ceremonial Guards 3 · 1 passage

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天顯二年，應天皇太后稱制，群臣上璽綬。 In the second year of the Tianxian era (927), Empress Dowager Yingtian assumed regency, and the assembled ministers presented her with the seal and investiture cord.

History of Liao, Chapter 61Volume 61 Treatises 31: Punishment and Law 1 · 1 passage

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及淳欽皇后時析出，以為著帳郎君，至世宗詔免之。 Under Empress Chunqin they were set apart as registered-account gentlemen; Shizong later issued an edict releasing them.

History of Liao, Chapter 65Volume 65 Tables 3: Princesses · 1 passage

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下嫁淳欽皇后弟蕭室魯。 She was given in marriage to Xiao Shilu, younger brother of Empress Chunqin.

History of Liao, Chapter 67Volume 67 Tables 5: Families of Imperial Consorts · 1 passage

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太祖淳欽皇后父月碗 Yuewan, father of Empress Chunqin, consort of Taizu

History of Liao, Chapter 71Volume 71 Biographies 1: Empresses and Consorts · 15 passages

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○肅祖昭烈皇后蕭氏懿祖莊敬皇后蕭氏玄祖簡獻皇后蕭氏德祖宣簡皇后蕭氏太祖淳欽皇后述律氏太宗靖安皇后蕭氏世宗懷節皇后蕭氏世宗妃甄氏穆宗皇后蕭氏景宗睿智皇后蕭氏聖宗仁德皇后蕭氏聖宗欽哀皇后蕭氏興宗仁懿皇后蕭氏興宗貴妃蕭氏道宗宣懿皇后蕭氏道宗惠妃蕭氏天祚皇后蕭氏天祚德妃蕭氏天祚文妃蕭氏天祚元妃蕭氏 ○ This chapter treats: Empress Zhaolie (Xiao), wife of Ancestor Su; Empress Zhuangjing (Xiao), wife of Ancestor Yi; Empress Jianxian (Xiao), wife of Ancestor Xuan; Empress Xuanjian (Xiao), wife of Ancestor De; Empress Chunqin (Shulü), wife of Taizu; Empress Jing'an (Xiao), wife of Taizong; Empress Huaijie (Xiao), wife of Shizong; Consort Zhen of Shizong; the Muzong empress (Xiao); Empress Ruizhi (Xiao), wife of Jingzong; Empress Rendé (Xiao), wife of Shengzong; Empress Qin'ai (Xiao), wife of Shengzong; Empress Renyi (Xiao), wife of Xingzong; Xingzong's imperial consort (Xiao); Empress Xuanyi (Xiao), wife of Daozong; Daozong's Consort Hui (Xiao); the Tianzuo empress (Xiao); Tianzuo's Virtuous Consort, Literary Consort, and Primary Consort (all Xiao).

太祖稱帝，尊祖母曰太皇太后，母曰皇太后，嬪曰皇后。 When Taizu took the imperial title, he styled his grandmother Grand Empress Dowager, his mother Empress Dowager, and his principal consort Empress.

太祖淳欽皇后述律氏，諱平，小字月理朵。 Empress Chunqin (Shulü), wife of Taizu, personal name Ping, childhood name Yueliduo.

太祖即位，群臣上尊號曰地皇后。 At Taizu's accession the court hailed her Earth Empress.

神冊元年，大冊，加號應天大明地皇后。 In Shence 1, at the grand enthronement rites, she received the added title Responsive-to-Heaven, Greatly Illumined Earth Empress.

太宗即位，尊為皇太后。 When Taizong succeeded, she was styled Empress Dowager.

會同初，上尊號曰廣德至仁昭烈崇簡應天皇太后。 Early in Huitong she received the grand title Broad Virtue, Utmost Benevolence, Illustrious Martyr, Honored and Simple, Responsive-to-Heaven Imperial Empress Dowager.

太后常屬意於少子李胡。 The dowager empress favored her younger son Lihu.

太宗崩，世宗即位於鎮陽，太后怒，遣李胡以兵逆擊。 When Taizong died Shizong was enthroned at Zhenyang; the dowager, enraged, sent Lihu with an army against him.

李胡敗，太后親率師遇於潢河之橫渡。 Lihu was beaten; the dowager herself led forces and met the enemy at Hengdu ford on the Huang River.

遷太后於祖州。 The dowager was relocated to Zuzhou.

應歷三年崩，年七十五，祔祖陵，謚曰貞烈。 She died in Yingli 3, aged seventy-five, was buried at Zu Mausoleum, and received the posthumous name Steadfast Martyr.

太宗靖安皇后蕭氏，小字温，淳欽皇后弟室魯之女。 Empress Jing'an (Xiao), wife of Taizong, childhood name Wen, daughter of Shilu, younger brother of Empress Chunqin.

世宗懷節皇后蕭氏，小字撒葛只，淳欽皇后弟阿古只之女。 Empress Huaijie (Xiao), wife of Shizong, childhood name Sagezhi, daughter of Aguzhi, younger brother of Empress Chunqin.

聖宗欽哀皇后蕭氏，小字耨斤，淳欽皇后弟阿古只五世孫。 Empress Qin'ai (Xiao), wife of Shengzong, childhood name Noujin, fifth-generation descendant of Aguzhi, younger brother of Empress Chunqin.

History of Liao, Chapter 72Volume 72 Biographies 2: Imperial Family: Yi Zongbei, the Foreign Emperor Zhang Su, Shun Zongjun, Jin Wangaoluwo · 11 passages

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義宗，名倍，小字圖欲，太祖長子，母淳欽皇后蕭氏。 Yizong, whose personal name was Bei and childhood name Tuyu, was Taizu's eldest son; his mother was Empress Chunqin of the Xiao clan.

倍知皇太后意欲立德光，乃謂公卿曰：「大元帥功德及人神，中外攸屬，宜主社稷。」 Knowing the Empress Dowager meant to elevate Deguang, Bei told the chief ministers, "The Great Marshal's achievements touch both men and spirits; court and country alike look to him—he ought to rule the realm."

乃與群臣請於太后而讓位焉。 He and the officials petitioned the Empress Dowager, and he yielded the throne.

章肅皇帝，小字李胡，一名洪古，字奚隱，太祖第三子，母淳欽皇后蕭氏。 Emperor Zhangsu, childhood name Li Hu, also called Honggu, style Xiyin, was Taizu's third son; his mother was Empress Chunqin of the Xiao clan.

而母篤愛李胡。 Yet his mother doted on Li Hu.

世宗即位鎮陽，太后怒，遣李胡將兵擊之。 When Shizong assumed the throne at Zhenyang, the Empress Dowager in anger sent Li Hu with an army against him.

太后與世宗隔潢河而陣，各言舉兵意。 The Empress Dowager and Shizong drew up on opposite banks of the Huang River and each explained why he had taken up arms.

耶律屋質入諫太后曰：「主上已立，宜許之。」 Yelü Wuzhi went in and urged the Empress Dowager, "The emperor is already enthroned—you ought to accept him."

太后顧李胡曰：「昔我與太祖愛汝異於諸子，諺云：『偏憐之子不保業，難得之婦不主家。』 The Empress Dowager turned to Li Hu and said, "Taizu and I once loved you more than your brothers. As the proverb runs, 'The child too fondly indulged cannot keep the estate; the wife too hard won cannot keep the house.'

會有告李胡與太后謀廢立者，徙李胡祖州，禁其出入。 When word came that Li Hu and the Empress Dowager were plotting to depose the emperor, Li Hu was exiled to Zuzhou and forbidden to leave.

論曰：李胡殘酷驕盈，太祖知其不才而不能教，太后不知其惡而溺愛之。 Commentary: Li Hu was cruel and arrogant. Taizu knew he lacked talent but could not teach him; the Empress Dowager did not see his wickedness and spoiled him.

History of Liao, Chapter 73Volume 73 Biographies 3: Yelu Helu, Xiao Dilu, Yelu Xieniechi, Yelu Yuwen, Yelu Haili · 3 passages

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蕭敵魯，字敵輦，其母為德祖女弟，而淳欽皇后又其女兄也。 Xiao Dilu, whose style was Dilian, was born to Dezong's younger sister; Empress Chunqin was also his elder sister.

剌葛之亂也，淳欽皇后軍黑山，阻險自固。 During Cige's rebellion, Empress Chunqin encamped at Black Mountain and held the defensible ground to secure herself.

老古，字撒懶，其母淳欽皇后姊也。 Laogu, whose style was Salan, was born to Empress Chunqin's elder sister.

History of Liao, Chapter 74Volume 74 Biographies 4: Yelu Dila, Xiao Hendu, Kang Moji, Han Yanhui, Han Zhigu · 3 passages

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述律後諫曰：「彼秉節弗撓，賢者也，奈何困辱之？」 Empress Shulü urged: "He keeps his integrity and will not yield—a worthy man. Why subject him to hardship and shame?"

太祖平薊時，知古六歲，為淳欽皇后兄欲穩所得。 When Emperor Taizu took Ji, Zhigu was six; he was taken by Yuwen, elder brother of Empress Chunqin.

匡嗣以善醫，直長樂宮，皇后視之猶子。 Skilled in medicine, Kuangsi served at Changle Palace, where the empress treated him like a son.

History of Liao, Chapter 75Volume 75 Biographies 5: Yelu Dilie, Yelu Duozhen, Wang Yu, Yelu Tulujiong · 4 passages

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及淳欽皇后稱制，惡鐸臻，囚之，誓曰：「鐵鎖朽，當釋汝！」 When Empress Chunqin assumed the regency, she took a dislike to Duozhen and imprisoned him, swearing, "When the iron chains rust through, I shall release you!"

淳欽皇后稱制，有飛語中傷者，後怒，突呂不懼而亡。 When Empress Chunqin assumed the regency, slanders reached her ears; enraged, she drove Tulubu to flee in fear.

太祖崩，郁與妻會葬，其妻泣訴於淳欽皇后，求歸鄉國，許之。 When Emperor Taizu died, Yu and his wife attended the funeral; his wife wept before Empress Chunqin and begged to return home, and the empress granted her request.

願常侍太后。」 I beg to remain in constant attendance upon the empress dowager."

History of Liao, Chapter 77Volume 77 Biographies 7: Yelu Wuzhi, Yelu Hou, Yelu Antuan, Yelu Wa, Yelu Tuiyu, Yelu Talie · 32 passages

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太宗崩，諸大臣立世宗，太后聞之，怒甚，遣皇子李胡以兵逆擊，遇安端、劉哥等於泰德泉，敗歸。 After Emperor Taizong died, the senior ministers enthroned Emperor Shizong. When the empress dowager heard of this she was furious and sent the prince Li Hu with an army to oppose them; at Taidede Spring he met Anduan, Liuge, and their forces, was defeated, and withdrew.

時屋質從太后，世宗以屋質善籌，欲行間，乃設事奉書，以試太后。 Wuzhi was then with the empress dowager. Shizong knew that Wuzhi was adept at strategy and wished to drive a wedge between them, so he fabricated a pretext and sent a letter to probe the empress dowager.

太后得書，以示屋質。 When the empress dowager received the letter she showed it to Wuzhi.

屋質讀竟，言曰：「太后佐太祖定天下，故臣願竭死力。 After reading it through, Wuzhi said, "Your Majesty aided Taizu in bringing the realm under rule, and your servant is ready to give his life in your service.

若太后見疑，臣雖欲盡忠，得乎？ But if Your Majesty suspects me, how can I serve you with full loyalty?

然人心一搖，國禍不淺，惟太后裁察。」 Yet once hearts waver, the harm to the state will be grave—may Your Majesty weigh this carefully."

太后曰：「我若疑卿，安肯以書示汝？」 The empress dowager said, "If I doubted you, why would I show you this letter at all?"

太后宜思長策，與永康王和議。」 Your Majesty should think of a lasting settlement and negotiate peace with Prince Yongkang."

太后曰：「誰可遣者？」 The empress dowager asked, "Whom can I send?"

對曰：「太后不疑臣，臣請往。 He said, "If Your Majesty does not doubt me, I ask to go myself.

太后乃遣屋質授書於帝。 The empress dowager then sent Wuzhi to bear her letter to the emperor.

屋質對曰：「與太后相見，各紓忿恚，和之不難； Wuzhi answered, "Meet the empress dowager in person; once each side vents its anger, reconciliation will not be difficult;

帝然之，遂遣海思詣太后約和。 The emperor agreed and sent Haishi to the empress dowager to negotiate terms.

太后謂屋質曰：「汝當為我畫之。」 The empress dowager said to Wuzhi, "You must work this out for me."

屋質進曰：「太后與大王若能釋怨，臣乃敢進說。」 Wuzhi stepped forward and said, "If Your Majesty and the great king can lay aside your grievances, only then dare I speak."

太后曰：「汝第言之。」 The empress dowager said, "Speak freely."

屋質借謁者籌執之，謂太后曰：「昔人皇王在，何故立嗣聖？」 Wuzhi took a counting stick from an attendant and, holding it, asked the empress dowager, "When Emperor Ren was still alive, why did you enthrone Emperor Sisheng?"

太后曰：「立嗣聖者，太祖遺旨。」 The empress dowager said, "Enthroning Sishheng was Taizu's final command."

大王見太后，不少遜謝，惟怨是尋。 When the great king met the empress dowager he showed little deference or apology and nursed only resentment.

太后牽於偏愛，托先帝遺命，妄授神器。 The empress dowager, swayed by partial love, invoked the late emperor's dying command and rashly bestowed the throne.

太后泣曰：「向太祖遭諸弟亂，天下荼毒，瘡痍未復，庸可再乎！」 The empress dowager wept and said, "When Taizu was alive his younger brothers brought chaos upon the realm; the land was ravaged and its wounds have not healed—how can we endure this again!"

太后復謂屋質曰：「議既定，神器竟誰歸？」 The empress dowager again asked Wuzhi, "Now that peace is settled, to whom will the throne ultimately pass?"

屋質曰：「太后若授永康王，順天合人，復何疑？」 Wuzhi said, "If Your Majesty invests Prince Yongkang, you will follow Heaven's will and the people's wish—what doubt remains?"

太后顧李胡曰：「汝亦聞此言乎？ The empress dowager turned to Li Hu and said, "Have you heard this as well?

帝謂屋質曰：「汝與朕屬尤近，何反助太后？」 The emperor said to Wuzhi, "You and I are close kin—why have you sided with the empress dowager?"

若請於太后，則必屬李胡。 If we consult the empress dowager, the succession will surely go to Li Hu.

太祖崩，淳欽皇后稱制，欲以大元帥嗣位。 After Taizu died, Empress Chunqin assumed regency and wished to enthrone the great marshal.

但恐不白太后而立，為國家啟釁。」 Yet I fear that enthroning him without informing the empress dowager will sow strife for the realm."

若白太后，必立李胡。 If we inform the empress dowager, she will surely enthrone Li Hu.

太后問安摶曰：「吾與汝有何隙？」 The empress dowager asked Antuan, "What grievance lies between us?"

安摶以父死為對，太后默然。 Antuan answered by citing his father's death; the empress dowager said nothing.

太宗崩，非安摶、吼、窪謀而克斷，策立世宗，非屋質直而能諫，杜太后之私，折李胡之暴，以成橫渡之約，則亂將誰定？ When Taizong died, had Antuan, Hou, and Wa not schemed with firm resolve to enthrone Shizong; had Wuzhi not been upright and able to remonstrate, checking the empress dowager's partiality and breaking Li Hu's violence to complete the peace at the ford crossing—who would have ended the chaos?

History of Liao, Chapter 85Volume 85 Biographies 15: Xiao Talin, Xiao Guanyinnu, Yelu Tizi, Yelu Xieli, Yelu Nugua, Xiao Liu, Gao Xun, Xi Heshuonu, Xiao Taliege, Yelu Sahe · 1 passage

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蕭柳，字徒門，淳欽皇后弟阿古只五世孫。 Xiao Liu, whose style name was Tumen, was a fifth-generation descendant of Aguzhi, younger brother of Empress Chunqin.

History of Liao, Chapter 87Volume 87 Biographies 17: · 1 passage

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蕭孝穆，小字胡獨堇，淳欽皇后弟阿古只五世孫。 Xiao Xiaomu, whose childhood name was Hudujin, was a fifth-generation descendant of Aguzhi, the younger brother of Empress Chunqin.

History of Liao, Chapter 93Volume 93 Biographies 23: Xiao Hui, Xiao Yulu, Xiao Tuyu, Yelu Duozhen · 1 passage

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蕭惠，字伯仁，小字脫古思，淳欽皇后弟阿古只五世孫。 Xiao Hui, whose courtesy name was Boren and childhood name Tuogusi, was a fifth-generation descendant of Aguzhi, younger brother of Empress Chunqin.

History of Liao, Chapter 108Volume 108 Biographies 38: Divination · 1 passage

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由是進於太祖，淳欽皇后收養之。 He was then brought before Taizu, and Empress Chunqin took him in and raised him.

History of Liao, Chapter 116Volume 116: Explanation of State Language · 5 passages