Three Kingdoms and Six Dynasties · Ruler of Wu

Sun Quan 孫權

Attested AD 221 - AD 234

Passages: 16
Chapters: 1
Histories: 1

Overview

Sun Quan was a ruler of Wu.

Life and dates

Attested activity

AD 229 黃龍元年
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Three Kingdoms 59, passage 9
AD 221 魏黃初二年
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Three Kingdoms 59, passage 2
AD 234 嘉禾三年
Dated from the passage context · Records of the Three Kingdoms 59, passage 44

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Spouse of Lady Bu (步夫人)
consort 夫人 · Secondary marriage
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 59, passage 46
Parent of Sun Deng (孫登)
firstborn son 長子 · paternal line
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 59, passage 1
Spouse of Lady Xu (徐夫人)
Lady 夫人 · Primary marriage · Ended
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 59, passage 46
Spouse of Birth mother of Sun Deng (孫登生母)
the one who bore his son 所生 · Secondary marriage
Strongly inferred · Records of the Three Kingdoms 59, passage 46
Parent of Sun He (孫和)
younger brother 弟 · paternal line
Strongly inferred · Records of the Three Kingdoms 59, passage 53
Parent of Sun Lü (孫慮)
younger brother 弟 · paternal line
Strongly inferred · Records of the Three Kingdoms 59, passage 39

Career and standing

King of Wu 吳王
AD 221 魏黃初二年 · Invested · Polity Wei 魏
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 59, passage 2
exalted title / imperial style 尊號
AD 229 黃龍元年
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 59, passage 9

Places and affiliations

AD 221 魏黃初二年
Polity Wei 魏 · Relation Recognized by
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 59, passage 2
AD 221 魏黃初二年
Polity Wu 吳 · Relation Ruled
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 59, passage 2
AD 229 to AD 234 權遷都建業…嘉禾三年
At Jianye 建業 · Relation Moved capital to
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 59, passage 34

Works and attributed material

Speech · Speaker · With Sun Deng (孫登) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 59, passage 50

Events and relationships

Campaigned against Xincheng
AD 234 嘉禾三年 · Campaign · Commander · At Xincheng 新城
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 59, passage 44
Reduced court rites
Mourning · Father · With Sun Lü (孫慮)
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 59, passage 39
Restored fuller meals
Ritual · Ruler
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 59, passage 42

References in the histories

Search passages

History

16 passages

Records of the Three Kingdoms, Chapter 59Volume 59: Book of Wu 14: Biographies of the Five Sons of the Lord of Wu · 16 passages

孫登字子高，權長子也。 Sun Deng, whose courtesy name was Zigao, was Sun Quan's firstborn son.

魏黃初二年，以權爲吳王，拜登東中郎將，封萬戶侯，登辭疾不受。 In 221, the Wei court invested Sun Quan as King of Wu and named Sun Deng General of the Household for All Purposes of the East with a fief of ten thousand households; Sun Deng pleaded ill health and refused the appointment and title.

權欲登讀《漢書》，習知近代之事，以張昭有師法，重煩勞之，乃令休從昭受讀，還以授登。 Sun Quan wanted his heir to read the Han shu and learn recent history. Zhang Zhao was the acknowledged master teacher, but Sun Quan hesitated to burden him, so he had Zhang Xiu study under Zhang Zhao and then pass the lessons on to Sun Deng.

太傅張溫言於權曰：「夫中庶子官最親密，切問近對，宜用儁德。」 Grand Tutor Zhang Wen urged Sun Quan: "Palace attendants stand closest to the heir; they field urgent questions at his side. The posts demand men of exceptional moral stature."

於是乃用表等爲中庶子。 Sun Quan then appointed Chen Biao and others palace attendants.

黃龍元年，權稱尊號，登爲皇太子，以恪爲左輔，休右弼，譚爲輔正，表爲翼正都尉，是爲四友，而謝景、范慎、刁玄、羊衜等皆爲賔客， In 229 Sun Quan took the imperial style; Sun Deng became crown prince. Zhuge Ke was named left support, Zhang Xiu right support, Gu Tan rectifier of the heir, and Chen Biao capital commandant who wings the rectifier—the group known as the Four Friends—while Xie Jing, Fan Shen, Diao Xuan, Yang Dao, and others served as his guests.

權遷都建業，徵上大將軍陸遜輔登鎮武昌，領宮府留事。 When Sun Quan relocated the court to Jianye, he recalled Lu Xun from the field to help Sun Deng hold Wuchang and oversee all residual business of the heir's establishment.

後弟慮卒，權爲之降損，登晝夜兼行，到賴鄉，自聞，即時召見。 After his brother Sun Lü died, Sun Quan curtailed court observances in grief. Sun Deng rode night and day to Laixiang, presented himself unbidden, and was admitted at once.

見權悲泣，因諫曰：「慮寢疾不起，此乃命也。 He found his father in tears and urged him: "Sun Lü's illness ran its course—that was heaven's decree.

權納其言，爲之加膳。 Sun Quan took the point and restored fuller meals.

住十餘日，欲遣西還，深自陳乞，以乆離定省，子道有闕，又陳陸遜忠勤，無所顧憂，權遂留焉。 After ten days Sun Quan meant to send him back to the western command, but Sun Deng begged to stay: he had long neglected his filial duty of visiting his parents, he said, and Lu Xun was loyal and diligent enough that the western front needed no further anxiety from the heir. Sun Quan let him remain.

嘉禾三年，權征新城，使登居守，總知留事。 In 234, when Sun Quan marched on Xincheng, he left Sun Deng in charge at the capital with full authority over rear-area administration.

初，登所生庶賤，徐夫人少有母養之恩，後徐氏以妬廢處吳，而步夫人最寵。 Sun Deng's birth mother had been a woman of humble station. Lady Xu had the grace of mothering him in his youth, but she was later cast aside for jealousy and sent to live in Wu, while Consort Lady Bu became Sun Quan's favorite.

權曰：「卿母安在？」 Sun Quan asked, "Where is your mother now?"

權嘿然。 Sun Quan said nothing.

〈《吳書》曰：弟和有寵於權，登親敬，待之如兄，常有欲讓之心。〉〈The Wu shu adds that his younger brother Sun He enjoyed Sun Quan's favor; Sun Deng honored him almost as an elder and more than once thought of yielding the succession to him.〉