Tuyuhun (吐谷渾) | 24 Histories

Overview

The translated histories identify Tuyuhun as a family member and tribal leader. This record brings together 11 passages from 1 chapter across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Tuyuhun	吐谷渾	Tǔyùhún
Personal name	Hun	渾
Personal name	Tuyuhun	吐谷渾	Tǔyùhún

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Explicit · songshu:096:s0002

Roles

Family Member
Tribal Leader

Life and dates

Death

Manner: natural · Age: Value: 72 · Reckoning: suitui
Explicit · songshu:096:s0030

Age

Value: 72 · Reckoning: suitui · At: death
Explicit · songshu:096:s0030

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 年七十二死 · Western Year: AD 310
Strongly inferred · songshu:096:s0030, songshu:096:s0060
Source Date: Text: 遭晉亂，遂得上隴 · Western Interval: Start: AD 290 · End: AD 310
Strongly inferred · songshu:096:s0021, songshu:096:s0030

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Sibling of Ruoluohe (若洛廆)
Kinship Term: elder brother / 兄 · Shared Parentage: paternal-half · Subject Relative Age: elder · Subject Birth Order: 1 · Object Birth Order: 2
Parent of Tuyan (吐延)
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father · Subject Birth Order: 1 · Subject Relative Age: elder
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son · Object Birth Order: 1 · Object Relative Age: elder
Child of Yiluohan (弈洛韓)
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father · Subject Relative Age: elder · Subject Birth Order: 1

Kinship Role: sons · Count: 60
Explicit · songshu:096:s0030

Origins and identity

Label: Xianbei / 鮮卑
Explicit · songshu:096:s0001, songshu:096:s0002

Career and standing

Status: concubine-born-elder · Label: elder son of a concubine / 庶長
Explicit · songshu:096:s0004

Places and affiliations

Place: Liaodong / 遼東
Explicit · songshu:096:s0001, songshu:096:s0002
Place: Hanqian and Xiling / 罕幵、西零 · Relation: expanded-into
Explicit · songshu:096:s0025
Place: Yin Mountains / 陰山 · Relation: settled-at
Explicit · songshu:096:s0020

Works and attributed material

Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Mode: direct-quotation
Explicit · songshu:096:s0006, songshu:096:s0007, songshu:096:s0008, songshu:096:s0011, songshu:096:s0012, songshu:096:s0013, songshu:096:s0019

Events and relationships

Kind: migration · Role: leader · Action: drove-herds-west · Place: Yin Mountains / 陰山
Explicit · songshu:096:s0009, songshu:096:s0020
Kind: migration · Role: leader · Action: reached-upper-Long · Place: upper Long / 隴
Explicit · songshu:096:s0021, songshu:096:s0025

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Book of Song, Chapter 96Volume 96 Biographies 56: Xianbei and Tuyuhun Peoples · 11 passages

Open chapter

阿柴虜吐谷渾，遼東鮮卑也。 The Tuyuhun—whom the northwestern tribes called the "A-Chai" barbarians—were Xianbei from Liaodong.

父弈洛韓，有二子，長曰吐谷渾，少曰若洛廆。 Their father Yiluohan had two sons—the elder named Tuyuhun, the younger Ruoluohe.

渾庶長，廆正嫡。 Hun was the elder son of a concubine, while Hui was the legitimate heir.

父在時，分七百戶與渾，[2]渾與廆二部俱牧馬，馬鬭相傷，廆怒，遣信謂渾曰：「先公處分，與兄異部，牧馬何不相遠，而致鬭爭相傷？」 While their father was still alive he allotted seven hundred households to Hun. [2] The two divisions of Hun and Hui pastured their horses together; when the herds fought and injured one another, Hui grew angry and sent a messenger to Hun, saying, "Our late father placed you and me in separate divisions—why not pasture farther apart, instead of letting the horses fight and wound each other?"

渾曰：「馬是畜生，食草飲水，春氣發動，所以致鬭。 Hun replied, "Horses are animals—they graze and drink; when spring stirs them, they fight. That is all.

經數頓，廆悔悟，深自咎責，遣舊父老及長史乙那樓追渾令還。 After several days' march Hui repented and reproached himself deeply; he sent the old clan elders and Chief Clerk Yi Nalou to overtake Hun and bring him back.

[3]渾曰：「我乃祖以來，樹德遼右，又卜筮之言，先公有二子，福胙並流子孫。 [3] Hun said, "Since my grandfather's day our house has built its virtue east of the Liao, and divination had declared that our late father had two sons and that blessing and sacrificial fortune would flow to both lines of descendants.

渾謂其部落曰：「我兄弟子孫，並應昌盛，廆當傳子及曾孫玄孫，其間可百餘年，我乃玄孫間始當顯耳。」 Hun told his tribesmen, "My brother's line and mine will both prosper; Hui's house will pass from son to great-grandson and beyond for perhaps a hundred years or more, while my line will not come to prominence until the generation of my great-great-grandsons."

後廆追思渾，作阿干之歌。 Later, missing Hun, Hui composed the Song of Aghan.

渾既上隴，出罕幵、西零。 Once Hun had reached the upper Long, his people spread into Hanqian and Xiling.

渾年七十二死，有子六十人，長吐延嗣。 Hun died at seventy-two, leaving sixty sons; the eldest, Tuyan, succeeded him.