Xia Tongshan (夏同善)

Overview

The translated histories identify Xia Tongshan as an official, scholar, and teacher. This record brings together 7 passages from 1 chapter across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Xia Tongshan	夏同善	Xia Tongshan
Given name	Tongshan	同善	Tongshan
Given	Tongshan	同善	Tongshan
Posthumous name	Wenjing	文敬	Wenjing
Surname	Xia	夏	Xia
Personal name	Xia Tongshan	夏同善	Xia Tongshan
Courtesy name	Zisong	子鬆	Zisong

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Explicit · qingshigao:441:s0114
Sex: male
Strongly inferred · qingshigao:441:s0251

Roles

Official
Scholar
Teacher

Life and dates

Death

Date Context: Source Date: Text: 六年 · Western Year: AD 1880
Explicit · qingshigao:441:s0143

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 光緒元年 · Western Year: AD 1875
Explicit · qingshigao:441:s0135
Source Date: Text: 六年 · Western Year: AD 1880
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:441:s0143, qingshigao:441:s0135
Source Date: Text: 十三年 · Western Year: AD 1874
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:441:s0134, qingshigao:441:s0120
Source Date: Text: 十年 · Western Year: AD 1860
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:441:s0117, qingshigao:441:s0115
Source Date: Text: 十年 · Western Year: AD 1871
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:441:s0132, qingshigao:441:s0120
Source Date: Text: 同、光 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1862 · End: AD 1908
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:441:s0248, qingshigao:441:s0251
Source Date: Text: 同治六年 · Western Year: AD 1867
Explicit · qingshigao:441:s0120
Source Date: Text: 咸豐六年 · Western Year: AD 1856
Explicit · qingshigao:441:s0115
Source Date: Text: 四年 · Western Year: AD 1878
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:441:s0139, qingshigao:441:s0135

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Child of Father of Xia Tongshan
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father
Parent of Xia Gengfu (夏庚复)
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Parent of Xia Dunfu (夏敦复)
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Child of Stepmother of Xia Tongshan
Kinship Term: stepmother / 繼母 · Parentage: step · Subject Role: son · Object Role: stepmother

Career and standing

Label: inner-palace classical scholar and tutor / 典學內直
Strongly inferred · qingshigao:441:s0248, qingshigao:441:s0251

Places and affiliations

Place: Renhe, Zhejiang / 浙江仁和
Explicit · qingshigao:441:s0114

Learning and skills

Credential: jinshi / 進士 · Action: earned · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 咸豐六年 · Western Year: AD 1856
Explicit · qingshigao:441:s0115

Works and attributed material

Kind: memorial · Role: author · Other Person Id: Sun Yijing (孫詒經) · Units: s0122, s0123, s0124, s0125, s0126, s0127, s0128, s0129
Explicit · qingshigao:441:s0121, qingshigao:441:s0122, qingshigao:441:s0123, qingshigao:441:s0124, qingshigao:441:s0125, qingshigao:441:s0126, qingshigao:441:s0127, qingshigao:441:s0128, qingshigao:441:s0129

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: revered sacred virtue · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · qingshigao:441:s0251
Assessment: worthy as a teacher of scholars · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · qingshigao:441:s0251

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 441Volume 441 Biographies 228: Pan Zuyin, Li Wentian, Sun Yijing, Xia Tongshan, Zhang Jiaxiang, Zhang Yinglin, Zhang Renfu, Zhang Hengjia · 7 passages

Open chapter

潘祖廕李文田孫詒經夏同善張家驤 Pan Zuyin, Li Wentian, Sun Yijing, Xia Tongshan, and Zhang Jiaxiang

會上將侍太后幸惇親王府，既，與夏同善諫罷。 When the emperor was about to accompany the Empress Dowager on a visit to Prince Dun's mansion, he and Xia Tongshan admonished him and the visit was canceled.

夏同善，字子鬆，浙江仁和人。 Xia Tongshan, courtesy name Zisong, was a native of Renhe in Zhejiang.

又以北塘之役，僧格林沁軍退頓通州，桂良再就議款，同善建言敵情叵測，宜專任僧格林沁備戰守：敕並依行。 After the Beitang affair, when Sengge Rinchen's army withdrew to Tongzhou and Gui Liang again negotiated terms, Tongshan memorialized that the enemy's intentions were unpredictable and that Sengge Rinchen alone should be charged with defense preparations; both recommendations were adopted.

其時傳言車駕將幸惇親王府，召集梨園，同善聞之，與孫詒經合疏諫止。 At that time rumor spread that the emperor would visit Prince Dun's mansion and summon opera troupes; on hearing this, Tongshan joined Sun Yijing in a joint memorial urging that the visit be canceled.

遺疏入，賜卹如例，諡文敬。 His final memorial was received; condolence gifts were granted as regulations provided, and he was given the posthumous name Wenjing (Reverent in Culture).

詒經重實學，同善崇聖德，家驤盡心誨納，英麟早勵風節，並無愧師儒。 Yijing valued practical learning; Tongshan revered sacred virtue; Jiaxiang devoted himself to instruction and counsel; Yinglin early cultivated integrity of conduct—all were worthy teachers of scholars.