Xian (賢) | 24 Histories

Overview

The translated histories identify Xian as an aristocrat, rebel, royal family member, and ruler. This record brings together 6 passages from 3 chapters across 2 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Xian	賢	Xian
Title	King of Zichuan	菑川王
Title	King of Zichuan	菑川王	Zichuan Wang
Title	King Xian of Zichuan	菑川王賢
Personal	Liu Xian	賢	Liu Xian
Given	Xian	賢	Xian
Personal name	Xian	賢	Xian
Title		菑川王賢	Zichuan Wang Xian

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Explicit · hanshu:006:s0057, shiji:011:s0024

Roles

Aristocrat
Rebel
Royal Family Member
Ruler

Life and dates

Death

Manner: suicide · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 三年 · Western Year: BC 154
Explicit · hanshu:006:s0064
executed / 伏誅
Explicit · hanshu:044:s0234

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 三年 · Western Year: BC 154
Explicit · hanshu:006:s0057, shiji:011:s0024

Career and standing

Title: King of Zichuan / 菑川王 · Action: held
Explicit · shiji:011:s0024
King of Zichuan / 菑川王
Explicit · hanshu:044:s0191

Events and relationships

Kind: military · Role: rebel-leader · Action: raised troops · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 三年 · Western Year: BC 154
Explicit · hanshu:006:s0057
Kind: military · Role: rebel-leader · Action: rebelled · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 三年 · Western Year: BC 154
Explicit · shiji:011:s0024

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Book of Han, Chapter 6Volume 5: Annals of Emperor Jing · 2 passages

Open chapter

吳王濞、膠西王卬、楚王戊、趙王遂、濟南王辟光、菑川王賢、膠東王雄渠皆舉兵反。 Kings Pi of Wu, Ang of Jiaoxi, Wu of Chu, Sui of Zhao, Bi Guang of Jinan, Xian of Zichuan, and Xiong Qu of Jiaodong all raised troops in rebellion.

膠西王卬、楚王戊、趙王遂、濟南王辟光、菑川王賢、膠東王雄渠皆自殺。 Kings Ang of Jiaoxi, Wu of Chu, Sui of Zhao, Bi Guang of Jinan, Xian of Zichuan, and Xiong Qu of Jiaodong all committed suicide.

Book of Han, Chapter 44Volume 35: Princes of Jing, Yan and Wu · 3 passages

Open chapter

今乃與楚王戊、趙王遂、膠西王卬、濟南王辟光、菑川王賢、膠東王雄渠約從謀反，為逆無道，起兵以危宗廟，賊殺大臣及漢使者，迫劫萬民，伐殺無罪，燒殘民家，掘其丘壟，甚為虐暴。 Now he leagues with Liu Wu, king of Chu, Liu Sui of Zhao, Liu Ang of Jiaoxi, Pi Guang of Jinan, Liu Xian of Zichuan, and Liu Xiongqü of Jiaodong—lawless traitors who menace the temples, butcher ministers and envoys, dragoon the people, kill the guiltless, burn homes, and open graves—monstrous cruelty.

漢兵至，膠西、膠東、菑川王各引兵歸國。 Imperial columns approached; the kings of Jiaoxi, Jiaodong, and Zichuan peeled off and raced for home.

膠東、菑川、濟南王皆伏誅。 Jiaodong, Zichuan, and Jinan were put to the sword.

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 11Annals of the Xiaojing Emperor · 1 passage

Open chapter

吳王濞、楚王戊、趙王遂、膠西王卬、濟南王辟光、菑川王賢、膠東王雄渠反，發兵西鄉。 The Kings Bi of Wu, Wu of Chu, Sui of Zhao, Ang of Jiaoxi, Piguang of Jinan, Xian of Zichuan, and Xiongqu of Jiaodong rebelled, raised armies, and marched west.