Qin and Han · Han royal marshal Xin, distinct from the general Han Xin

Xin, King of Han 韓王信

Hán Wáng Xìn

Attested BC 200

Passages: 24
Chapters: 4
Histories: 2

Overview

The translated histories identify Xin, King of Han as a general, official, rebel, and ruler. This record brings together 24 passages from 4 chapters across 2 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Xin, King of Han	韓王信	Hán Wáng Xìn
Personal
Personal	Han Wang Xin	韓王信	Han Wang Xin
Title	King of Han	韓王	Han Wang
Personal name	King Xin of Han	韓王信	Han Wang Xin
Personal name	Xin	信	Xin
Given	Xin	信	Xin
Given name	Xin	信	Xin

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Explicit · shiji:099:s0033
Value: male
Strongly inferred · hanshu:002:s0150, hanshu:042:s0117

Roles

General
Official
Rebel
Ruler

Life and dates

Death

Text: 斬韓王信於參合
Explicit · hanshu:002:s0240

Age

Text: height eight chi five cun / 長八尺五寸
Explicit · hanshu:042:s0117

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 漢七年 · Western Year: BC 200
Explicit event contextual date · shiji:099:s0033

Origins and identity

Text: illegitimate grandson of King Xiang of Han / 故韓襄王孽孫
Explicit · hanshu:042:s0117

Career and standing

Text: Grand Commandant of Han / 韓太尉
Explicit · hanshu:042:s0123
Text: Han general / 韓將
Explicit · hanshu:042:s0120
Text: King of Han / 韓王
Explicit · hanshu:042:s0128, hanshu:042:s0130
Text: granted Yingchuan in spring of year five / 五年春，與信剖符，王潁川
Explicit · hanshu:042:s0131

Places and affiliations

Text: 匈奴
Explicit · hanshu:002:s0150

Events and relationships

Kind: military · Role: rebel · Action: rebelled · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 漢七年 · Western Year: BC 200
Explicit · shiji:099:s0033
Type: descendant · Person Id: King Xiang of Han (韓襄王)
Explicit · hanshu:042:s0117

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Book of Han, Chapter 1Volume 1: Annals of Emperor Gaozu 1 · 3 passages

使韓太尉韓信擊韓，韓王鄭昌降。 He sent Han marshal Han Xin to attack Han. King Han Zheng Chang surrendered.

十一月，立韓太尉信為韓王。 In the eleventh month, he established Han marshal Xin as King of Han.

羽亨周苛，并殺樅公，而虜韓王信，遂圍成皋。 Xiang Yu boiled Zhou Ke and also killed Lord Song. He captured King Han Xin and then surrounded Chenggao.

Book of Han, Chapter 2Volume 1: Annals of Emperor Gaozu 2 · 7 passages

於是諸侯上疏曰：「楚王韓信、韓王信、淮南王英布、梁王彭越、故衡山王吳芮、趙王張敖、燕王臧荼昧死再拜言，大王陛下：先時秦為亡道，天下誅之。 So the feudal lords submitted a memorial: "Han Xin, King of Chu; Xin, King of Han; Ying Bu, King of Huainan; Peng Yue, King of Liang; Wu Rui, former King of Hengshan; Zhang Ao, King of Zhao; and Zang Tu, King of Yan, risking death, bow twice and say: Great King, Your Majesty, formerly Qin acted without the Way, and the world punished it.

春正月丙午，韓王信等奏請以故東陽郡、鄣郡、吳郡五十三縣立劉賈為荊王，以碭郡、薛郡、郯郡三十六縣立弟文信君交為楚王。 In the first month, spring, on the bingwu day, King Xin of Han and others petitioned to establish Liu Jia as King of Jing with the former Dongyang, Zhang, and Wu commanderies, fifty-three counties in all, and to establish the emperor's younger brother Jiao, Lord Wenxin, as King of Chu with Dang, Xue, and Tan commanderies, thirty-six counties in all.

壬子，以雲中、鴈門、代郡五十三縣立兄宜信侯喜為代王，以膠東、膠西、臨淄、濟北、博陽、城陽郡七十三縣立子肥為齊王，以太原郡三十一縣為韓國，徙韓王信都晉陽。 On the renzi day, he established his elder brother Xi, Marquis of Yixin, as King of Dai with Yunzhong, Yanmen, and Dai commanderies, fifty-three counties in all; established his son Fei as King of Qi with Jiaodong, Jiaoxi, Linzi, Jibei, Boyang, and Chengyang commanderies, seventy-three counties in all; made the thirty-one counties of Taiyuan commandery into the Han kingdom; and moved King Xin of Han to set his capital at Jinyang.

秋九月，匈奴圍韓王信於馬邑，信降匈奴。 In the ninth month of autumn, the Xiongnu besieged King Han Xin at Mayi. Xin surrendered to the Xiongnu.

七年冬十月，上自將擊韓王信於銅鞮，斬其將。 In the tenth month, winter, of the seventh year, the emperor personally led troops to attack King Xin of Han at Tongdi, beheading his generals.

信亡走匈奴，與其將曼丘臣、王黃共立故趙後趙利為王，收信散兵，與匈奴共距漢。 Xin fled to the Xiongnu, and together with his generals Manqiu Chen and Wang Huang established Zhao Li, a descendant of the former Zhao, as king. They gathered Xin's scattered troops and, together with the Xiongnu, resisted Han.

將軍柴武斬韓王信於參合。 General Chai Wu beheaded King Han Xin at Canhe.

Book of Han, Chapter 42Volume 33: Wei Bao, Tian Dan and Hán Xin (King of Han) · 11 passages

韓王信 Han Wang Xin.

韓王信，故韓襄王孽孫也，長八尺五寸。 Han Wang Xin was an illegitimate grandson in the line of King Xiang of Han, and stood eight chi five cun tall.

沛公引兵擊陽城，使張良以韓司徒徇韓地，得信，以為韓將，將其兵從入武關。 The Duke of Pei led troops to attack Yangcheng and sent Zhang Liang, as Han's Minister of Works, to bring Han territory over. He found Han Xin, made him a Han general, and had him lead his troops in following through Wuguan.

沛公為漢王，信從入漢中，乃說漢王曰：「項王王諸將，王獨居此，遷也。 When the Duke of Pei became king of Han, Han Xin followed him into Hanzhong and advised him, saying, "Xiang Yu has made the generals kings but has left you alone here—this is banishment.

漢王還定三秦，乃許王信，先拜為韓太尉，將兵略韓地。 After the King of Han returned and settled the Three Qins, he agreed to make Han Xin king. He first appointed him grand commandant of Han and sent him to seize Han territory.

聞漢遣信略韓地，乃令故籍游吳時令鄭昌為韓王距漢。 Hearing that Han had sent Xin to seize Han territory, Xiang Ji ordered Zheng Chang, who had once served as his magistrate when he was in Wu, to become king of Han and resist Han.

漢二年，信略定韓地十餘城。 In Han year two, Xin captured more than ten Han cities.

漢王至河南，信急擊韓王昌，昌降漢。 When the Han king reached Henan, Xin swiftly attacked King Chang of Han, and Chang surrendered.

乃立信為韓王，常將韓兵從。 Xin was then made king of Han and usually led Han troops in campaign.

漢王使信與周苛等守滎陽，楚拔之，信降楚。 The Han king ordered Xin and Zhou Ke to guard Xingyang. Chu captured the city, and Xin surrendered to Chu.

五年春，與信剖符，王潁川。 In the spring of year five, Gaozu divided the tally with Xin and granted him Yingchuan.

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 99Biographies of Liu Jing and Shusun Tong · 3 passages

漢七年，韓王信反，高帝自往擊之。 In the seventh year of the Han dynasty, King Xin of Han rebelled, and Emperor Gao personally led a campaign against him.

至晉陽，聞信與匈奴欲共擊漢，上大怒，使人使匈奴。 Upon reaching Jinyang, he learned that Xin intended to join forces with the Xiongnu to attack Han. The Emperor was furious and sent envoys to the Xiongnu.

高帝罷平城歸，韓王信亡入胡。 After Emperor Gao withdrew from Pingcheng and returned, King Xin of Han fled to the Hu.