Qing · Ming-Qing Regional Commander

Xu Dingguo 許定國

First attested AD 1628; died AD 1646

Passages: 17
Chapters: 1
Histories: 1

Overview

Xu Dingguo was a Ming-Qing Regional Commander.

Life and dates

Death

AD 1646 順治三年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 248, passage 22

Attested activity

AD 1628 to AD 1644 明崇禎間
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 248, passage 3
AD 1642 李自成圍開封
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 248, passage 4
AD 1644 福王時
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 248, passage 6
AD 1646 順治三年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 248, passage 22
AD 1645 順治二年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 248, passages 9-10
AD 1644 順治元年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 248, passage 7

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Parent of Xu Er'an (許爾安)
son 子
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 248, passages 8-9, 23
Spouse of Xing (邢)
wife 妻
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 248, passage 19

Kinship Role family/dependents · Quantity unspecified
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 248, passages 8, 18

Career and standing

Regional Commander for Relief and Suppression in Henan 援剿河南總兵官
Appointed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 248, passage 5
Regional Commander of Shanxi 山西總兵官
AD 1640 明崇禎間 · Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 248, passage 3
Sentenced
AD 1642 李自成圍開封 · Condemned to death
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 248, passage 4

Places and affiliations

AD 1645 順治二年
Polity Qing 清 · Relation Surrendered to
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 248, passage 17
Polity Ming 明 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 248, passage 3
At Taikang, Henan 河南太康
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 248, passage 2
AD 1644 福王時
At Suizhou 睢州 · Relation Garrisoned at
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 248, passage 6
AD 1645 順治二年
Organization Bordered White Banner of the Han Army 漢軍鑲白旗 · Relation Enrolled in
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 248, passage 21

Events and relationships

Failed to relieve
AD 1642 李自成圍開封 · Military · Commander · At Qinshui 沁水 · With Li Zicheng (李自成)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 248, passage 4
Fled then surrendered
AD 1645 順治二年 · Military · Fleeing commander · At Kaocheng 考城
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 248, passage 17
Killed
AD 1645 順治二年 · Assassination · Perpetrator · With Gao Jie (高傑) · At Suizhou 睢州
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 248, passage 15
Offered surrender
AD 1644 順治元年 · Diplomatic · Surrendering commander · With Dodo (多鐸) · At Mengjin 孟津
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 248, passage 7
Sent son as hostage
AD 1645 順治二年 · Diplomatic · Surrendering commander · With Haoge (豪格)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 248, passages 8-9

References in the histories

Search passages

History

17 passages

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 248Volume 248 Biographies 35: Xu Dingguo, Zuo Menggeng, Tian Xiong, Zhang Tianlu, Sun Kewang · 17 passages

許定國，河南太康人。 Xu Dingguo was a native of Taikang in Henan.

李自成圍開封，趣定國赴援，師次沁水，一夕師潰，逮治論死。 When Li Zicheng besieged Kaifeng, the court ordered Dingguo to march to the relief of the city. His army halted at Qinshui, and in the course of a single night it disintegrated. He was taken into custody and condemned to death.

順治元年，豫親王多鐸下河南，次孟津，定國使請降。 In the first year of Shunzhi, Prince Yu Dodo led his army into Henan and halted at Mengjin. Dingguo dispatched envoys to offer his surrender.

肅親王豪格略山東，复上書請以其孥來附，肅親王命遣子為質。 When Prince Su Haoge was campaigning in Shandong, Dingguo wrote again asking permission to bring his family and submit. Prince Su ordered him to send his son as a hostage.

明督師大學士史可法遣總兵高傑徇河南，次歸德，聞定國已遣子納款，招往會，不赴。 The Ming Grand Secretary and supreme commander Shi Kefa sent Regional Commander Gao Jie to advance through Henan. Jie halted at Guide. When he learned that Dingguo had already sent his son to tender surrender, he summoned Dingguo to a meeting, but Dingguo refused to come.

傑乃與巡撫越其傑、巡按陳潛夫就定國睢州，定國不得已郊迎。 Jie then went with Governor Yue Qijie and Investigating Censor Chen Qianfu to Dingguo's headquarters at Suizhou. Dingguo had no choice but to go out beyond the walls to receive them.

其傑勸傑勿入城，傑輕定國，不聽。 Qijie urged Jie not to enter the city, but Jie held Dingguo in contempt and would not heed the warning.

既入，定國宴傑，侑以妓。 Once Jie had entered the city, Dingguo held a banquet for him and provided courtesans to enliven the feast.

傑酣，為定國刻行期，並微及遣子納款事。 When Jie was deep in his cups, he set a date for Dingguo to take the field and obliquely brought up the matter of his son's surrender.

定國益懼，中夜伏兵殺傑。 Dingguo grew still more afraid. In the middle of the night he set an ambush and killed Jie.

明日，傑部將攻定國屠城。 The next day Jie's subordinate commanders attacked Dingguo and put the city to the sword.

定國走考城，遂來降。 Dingguo fled to Kaocheng and then came over to the Qing side.

豫親王請以定國從征，留其孥曹縣，命河道總督楊方興厚贍之。 Prince Yu asked that Dingguo accompany the army on campaign. His family was left at Caoxian, and River Conservancy Director Yang Fangxing was ordered to support them generously.

定國妻邢有疾，乞還鄉里，方興為代奏。 Dingguo's wife, née Xing, fell ill and begged to return to her home district. Fangxing submitted a memorial on her behalf.

命暫居曹縣，俟定國入覲。 She was ordered to remain temporarily at Caoxian until Dingguo should come to court for an audience.

豫親王師還，定國詣京師，隸漢軍鑲白旗。 When Prince Yu's army returned, Dingguo went to the capital and was enrolled in the Bordered White Banner of the Han Army.

傑為定國所殺，得功戰死蕪湖。 Jie was killed by Dingguo, and Degong fell in battle at Wuhu.