Three Kingdoms and Six Dynasties · Royal Family Member and Rebel

Yao Yi 姚懿

Attested AD 417

Passages: 18
Chapters: 1
Histories: 1

Overview

Yao Yi was a Royal Family Member and Rebel.

Life and dates

Attested activity

AD 417 王師漸逼
Dated from the passage context · Book of Jin 119, passage 118

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Child of Father of Yao Hong (姚泓之父)
father 父 · paternal line
Strongly inferred · Book of Jin 119, passages 120, 162
Child of Mother of Yao Hong (姚泓之母)
mother 母 · maternal line
Strongly inferred · Book of Jin 119, passage 120
Sibling of Yao Hong (姚泓)
younger brother of the same mother 母弟 · Full siblings · paternal line
Directly stated · Book of Jin 119, passages 120, 134

Career and standing

Assumed title
Usurpation
Directly stated · Book of Jin 119, passage 132
Imprisoned
Imprisoned · Authority Yao Shao (姚紹) · At Puban 蒲阪
Directly stated · Book of Jin 119, passage 144

Places and affiliations

Polity Later Qin 後秦 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Jin 119, passage 118
At Puban 蒲阪 · Relation Captured at
Directly stated · Book of Jin 119, passage 144
At Shan ford 陝津 · Relation Marched to
Directly stated · Book of Jin 119, passage 119

Events and relationships

Marched
Military · Commander · At Shan ford 陝津
Directly stated · Book of Jin 119, passage 119
Raised troops
Military · Rebel leader
Directly stated · Book of Jin 119, passage 132
Scattered grain
Political · Actor · At Hebei 河北
Directly stated · Book of Jin 119, passage 119

Assessments and attributes

Assessment vain, credulous, base and near-sighted · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Book of Jin 119, passages 118, 127
Item belt knife 佩刀 · Relation Sent as oath · With Yao Chengdu (姚成都)
Directly stated · Book of Jin 119, passage 133

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Book of Jin 119, passage 118

References in the histories

Search passages

History

18 passages

Book of Jin, Chapter 119Volume 119 Records 19: Yao Hong · 18 passages

姚懿嶮薄，惑於信受，其司馬孫暢奸巧傾佞，好亂樂禍，勸懿襲長安，誅姚紹，廢泓自立。 Prince Yao Yi was vain and credulous; Sun Chang urged him to strike Chang'an, kill Yao Shao, and seize the throne.

懿納之，乃引兵至陝津，散谷以賜河北夷夏，欲虛損國儲，招引和戎諸羌，樹已私惠。 Yao Yi marched to Shan ford and scattered state grain to buy tribal loyalty.

懿左常侍張敞、侍郎左雅固諫懿曰：「殿下以母弟之親，居分陝之重，安危休戚，與國共之。 Zhang Chang and Zuo Ya warned: "You are the emperor's uncle on the western front—your fate is the dynasty's fate.

若朝廷問殿下者，將何辭以報？」 What will you tell the emperor when he asks where the granaries went?"

懿怒，笞而殺之。 Yao Yi had them beaten to death.

紹曰：「懿性識鄙近，從物推移，造成此事，惟當孫暢耳。 Yao Shao said: "Yao Yi is weak-minded; Sun Chang made him do this.

但馳使征暢，遣撫軍贊據陝城，臣向潼關為諸軍節度，若暢奉詔而至者，臣當遣懿率河東見兵共平吳寇。 Arrest Sun Chang, put Yao Zan in Shan, and I will take Tong Pass—if they obey, Yao Yi can still march east against Jin.

懿遂舉兵僭號，傳檄州郡，欲運匈奴堡穀以給鎮人。 Yao Yi declared himself ruler and tried to ship grain from Xiongnu Fort to his troops.

甯東姚成都距之，懿乃卑辭招誘，深自結托，送佩刀為誓，成都送以呈泓。 Yao Chengdu blocked him; Yao Yi tried flattery and sent a pledge knife—Chengdu handed it to Yao Hong.

懿又遣驍騎王國率甲士數百攻成都，成都擒國，囚之，遣讓懿曰：「明公以母弟之親，受推轂之寄，今社稷之危若綴旒然，宜恭恪憂勤，匡輔王室。 Chengdu captured Wang Guo and scolded Yao Yi: "As the emperor's uncle you should steady the throne, not plot treason.

成都方糾合義眾，以懲明公之罪，復須大兵悉集，當與明公會於河上。」 I am raising loyal troops to meet you on the Yellow River."

河東之兵無詣懿者，懿深患之。 No Hedong troops joined Yao Yi; he panicked.

臨晉數千戶叛應懿。 Thousands in Linjin rose for him.

姚紹濟自薄津，擊臨晉叛戶，大破之，懿等震懼。 Yao Shao crossed at Bo ford, crushed the Linjin rebels, and terrified Yao Yi.

鎮人安定郭純、王奴等率眾圍懿。 Guo Chun and Wang Nu besieged Yao Yi.

紹入于蒲阪，執懿囚之，誅孫暢等。 Yao Shao took Puban, jailed Yao Yi, and executed Sun Chang.

懿始構逆滅亡，恢復擁眾內叛，將若之何？」 Yi first plotted rebellion and was crushed; Hui again leads hosts in inner revolt—what is to be done?"

贊曰：「懿等所以敢稱兵內侮者，諒由臣等輕弱，無防遏之方故也。」 Yao Zan said, "The reason Yi and others dared raise arms in inner insult is surely because we ministers seemed weak and had no means to check them."