Ming · Ming Emperor

Yingzong 英宗

Died AD 1464

Passages
4
Chapters
1
Histories
1

Overview

The translated histories identify Yingzong as a named individual and ruler. This record brings together 4 passages from 1 chapter across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

PeriodMing

Names

TypeEnglishChinesePinyin
Personal Yingzong 英宗 Yingzong
Title Emperor 帝
Temple Yingzong 英宗 Yingzong

Identity

Historicity
Historical
Identification
Named
Sex
Male

Roles

  • Named Individual
  • Ruler

Life and dates

Death

  • Date Context: Source Date: Text: 庚午 · Western Year: AD 1464 · Place: Unknown
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0183

Age

  • Age: 38 · Reckoning: stated · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 庚午 · Western Year: AD 1464
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0183

Attested activity

  • Source Date: Text: 前後在位二十四年 · Western Year: AD 1464
    Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0189
  • Source Date: Text: 天順七年秋七月庚戌 · Western Year: AD 1463
    Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0169
  • Source Date: Text: 天順八年春正月乙卯 · Western Year: AD 1464
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0179, mingshi:012:s0180

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

  • Parent of Crown Prince (皇太子)
    Kinship Term: crown prince / 皇太子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father

Career and standing

  • Title: posthumous titles / 尊諡 · Action: received · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二月乙未 · Western Year: AD 1464
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0184
  • Status: illness · Action: entered · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 八年春正月乙卯 · Western Year: AD 1464
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0180

Places and affiliations

Works and attributed material

  • Kind: testament · Role: author · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 己巳 · Western Year: AD 1464
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0182
  • Kind: edict · Role: author
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0172

Events and relationships

  • Kind: legal · Role: issuer · Action: abolished-consort-burial-sacrifice · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 己巳 · Western Year: AD 1464
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0182, mingshi:012:s0190
  • Kind: military · Role: issuer · Action: appointed-overall-commander · Other Person Id: Wu Zhen (吳楨) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 丁未 · Western Year: AD 1463
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0174
  • Kind: political · Role: sovereign · Action: driven-into-exile · Label: imperial carriage driven abroad / 乘輿播遷 · Other Person Id: Wang Zhen (王振) · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0187
  • Kind: administrative · Role: issuer · Action: famine-relief · Place: Xi'an / 西安 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 冬十月丁酉 · Western Year: AD 1463
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0173
  • Kind: legal · Role: authority · Action: imprisoned-then-released · Other Person Id: Lu Yu (陸瑜) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 十二月辛卯 · Western Year: AD 1463
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0177
  • Kind: legal · Role: authority · Action: imprisoned · Other Person Id: Li Bin (李賓) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 壬午 · Western Year: AD 1463
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0176
  • Kind: military · Role: issuer · Action: ordered-campaign · Other Person Id: Ou Xin (歐信) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 九月甲戌 · Western Year: AD 1463
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0172
  • Kind: military · Role: issuer · Action: ordered-campaign · Place: Hongjiang / 洪江 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 戊寅 · Western Year: AD 1463
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0171
  • Kind: ritual · Role: issuer · Action: raised-posthumous-honors · Other Person Id: Lady Hu (胡氏) · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0170, mingshi:012:s0190
  • Kind: legal · Role: issuer · Action: released-from-bonds · Other Person Id: Deposed Heir (建庶人) · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0190
  • Kind: administrative · Role: issuer · Action: remitted-tax-grain · Place: Shaanxi / 陝西 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 秋七月庚戌 · Western Year: AD 1463
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0169
  • Kind: political · Role: sovereign · Action: restored · Label: restoration / 復辟 · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0188
  • Kind: ritual · Role: subject · Action: temple-name-conferred · Label: Yingzong / 英宗 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 二月乙未 · Western Year: AD 1464
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0184
  • Relation: successor-of · Person Id: Renzong (仁宗)
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0185
  • Relation: successor-of · Person Id: Xuanzong (宣宗)
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0185

Assessments and attributes

  • Assessment: deeds of great virtue that later ages may take as models · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0190
  • Assessment: deeply infatuated with Wang Zhen even after restoration · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0188
  • Assessment: held the throne twenty-four years with no grave harmful policies · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0189
  • Assessment: inherited a rich and peaceful realm from Renzong and Xuanzong · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0185

Source notes

  • Field: burial-month · Statement: posthumous titles entry originally read third month; emended to second month · Witness Works: Yingzong Shilu juan 361, Xianzong Shilu juan 2
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0194
  • Field: reign-length · Statement: held the throne altogether twenty-four years · Years: 24 · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
    Explicit · mingshi:012:s0189

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

History of Ming, Chapter 12Volume 12 Annals 12: Yingzong Later Records · 4 passages
Open chapter