Yingzong (英宗) | 24 Histories

Overview

The translated histories identify Yingzong as a ruler. This record brings together 11 passages from 1 chapter across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Yingzong	英宗	Yingzong
Title	Emperor	帝
Regnal name	Tianshun	天順	Tianshun
Temple name	Yingzong	英宗	Yingzong

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Strongly inferred · mingshi:012:s0002, mingshi:012:s0004

Roles

Ruler

Life and dates

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 天順七年三月壬寅 · Western Year: AD 1463
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0160, mingshi:012:s0163
Source Date: Text: 天順七年春正月丙午 · Western Year: AD 1463
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0160, mingshi:012:s0161
Source Date: Text: 天順三年冬十月己未 · Western Year: AD 1459
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0084, mingshi:012:s0095
Source Date: Text: 天順三年春正月乙未 · Western Year: AD 1459
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0084, mingshi:012:s0085
Source Date: Text: 天順二年冬十月甲子 · Western Year: AD 1458
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0068, mingshi:012:s0080
Source Date: Text: 天順二年春正月己卯 · Western Year: AD 1458
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0068, mingshi:012:s0072
Source Date: Text: 天順二年春正月甲戌 · Western Year: AD 1458
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0068, mingshi:012:s0071
Source Date: Text: 天順五年十一月壬戌 · Western Year: AD 1461
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0125, mingshi:012:s0145
Source Date: Text: 天順五年春正月庚戌 · Western Year: AD 1461
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0125, mingshi:012:s0126
Source Date: Text: 天順五年秋七月庚戌 · Western Year: AD 1461
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0125, mingshi:012:s0138
Source Date: Text: 天順元年三月己巳 · Western Year: AD 1457
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0001, mingshi:012:s0025
Source Date: Text: 天順元年二月乙未朔 · Western Year: AD 1457
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0001, mingshi:012:s0015
Source Date: Text: 天順元年二月庚子 · Western Year: AD 1457
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0001, mingshi:012:s0017
Source Date: Text: 天順元年八月甲午 · Western Year: AD 1457
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0001, mingshi:012:s0058
Source Date: Text: 天順元年六月己亥 · Western Year: AD 1457
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0001, mingshi:012:s0041
Source Date: Text: 天順元年夏四月甲午朔 · Western Year: AD 1457
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0001, mingshi:012:s0031
Source Date: Text: 天順元年春正月丙戌 · Western Year: AD 1457
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0001, mingshi:012:s0007
Source Date: Text: 天順元年春正月壬午 · Western Year: AD 1457
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0001, mingshi:012:s0002, mingshi:012:s0004
Source Date: Text: 天順元年秋七月丁卯 · Western Year: AD 1457
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0001, mingshi:012:s0050
Source Date: Text: 天順元年秋七月戊辰 · Western Year: AD 1457
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0001, mingshi:012:s0051
Source Date: Text: 天順六年春正月丁未 · Western Year: AD 1462
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0147, mingshi:012:s0148
Source Date: Text: 天順四年冬十月戊辰 · Western Year: AD 1460
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0101, mingshi:012:s0121
Source Date: Text: 天順四年春正月丁亥 · Western Year: AD 1460
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0101, mingshi:012:s0102
Source Date: Text: 天順四年閏月己未 · Western Year: AD 1460
Explicit event contextual date · mingshi:012:s0101, mingshi:012:s0123

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Parent of Zhu Jianshen (朱見深)
Kinship Term: eldest son / 長子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: eldest son · Object Role: father · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天順元年三月己巳 · Western Year: AD 1457
Kinship Term: eldest son / 長子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: eldest son · Object Birth Order: 1 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天順元年三月己巳 · Western Year: AD 1457
Parent of Zhu Jianjun (朱見浚)
Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天順元年三月己巳 · Western Year: AD 1457
Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son · Note: enfeoffed 吉王 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天順元年三月己巳 · Western Year: AD 1457
Parent of Zhu Jianze (朱見澤)
Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天順元年三月己巳 · Western Year: AD 1457
Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son · Note: enfeoffed 崇王 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天順元年三月己巳 · Western Year: AD 1457
Parent of Zhu Jianlin (朱見潾)
Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天順元年三月己巳 · Western Year: AD 1457
Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son · Note: enfeoffed 德王 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天順元年三月己巳 · Western Year: AD 1457
Parent of Zhu Jianshu (朱見澍)
Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: father · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天順元年三月己巳 · Western Year: AD 1457
Kinship Term: imperial son / 皇子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son · Note: enfeoffed 秀王 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天順元年三月己巳 · Western Year: AD 1457
Child of Empress Xiaogongzhang (孝恭章皇后)
Kinship Term: empress dowager / 皇太后 · Parentage: biological · Line: maternal · Subject Role: mother · Object Role: emperor son
Kinship Term: empress dowager / 皇太后 · Parentage: biological · Line: maternal · Subject Role: son · Object Role: mother

Career and standing

Action: formally reascended the throne · Place: Fengtian Hall / 奉天殿 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天順元年春正月壬午 · Western Year: AD 1457
Explicit · mingshi:012:s0002, mingshi:012:s0004

Places and affiliations

Polity: Ming / 明 · Relation: ruled
Strongly inferred · mingshi:012:s0002, mingshi:012:s0004, mingshi:012:s0007
Place: Southern Palace / 南宮 · Relation: confined-in · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天順元年春正月壬午 · Western Year: AD 1457
Explicit · mingshi:012:s0002

Works and attributed material

Kind: edict · Role: issuer · Action: called for frank counsel after repeated omens and disasters
Explicit · mingshi:012:s0031, mingshi:012:s0138
Kind: edict · Role: issuer · Action: ordered lenient government and halted the silver mines during drought · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天順七年三月壬寅 · Western Year: AD 1463
Explicit · mingshi:012:s0163
Kind: edict · Role: issuer · Action: ordered self-examination and reform after wind, rain and hail damaged the ridge ornaments of Fengtian Gate
Explicit · mingshi:012:s0041, mingshi:012:s0051
Kind: edict · Role: issuer · Action: proclaimed a general amnesty and changed Jingtai 8 into Tianshun 1 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天順元年春正月丙戌 · Western Year: AD 1457
Explicit · mingshi:012:s0007
Kind: decision · Role: decider · Action: refused the request to abolish the Jingtai reign title · Other Person Id: Tang Xu (湯序) · Quoted: false · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天順元年二月庚子 · Western Year: AD 1457
Explicit · mingshi:012:s0017

Events and relationships

Kind: political · Event: Gate-Seizing restoration / 奪門迎復 · Role: restored emperor · Action: escorted with troops from the Southern Palace at dawn and returned to the throne · Place: Fengtian Gate / 奉天門 · Other Person Ids: Shi Heng (石亨), Zhang Ni (張輗), Zhang Yue (張軏), Yang Shan (楊善), Xu Youzhen (徐有貞), Cao Jixiang (曹吉祥) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天順元年春正月壬午 · Western Year: AD 1457
Explicit · mingshi:012:s0002, mingshi:012:s0008
Kind: travel · Role: participant · Action: hunted at and visited the Southern Park · Place: Southern Park / 南海子
Explicit · mingshi:012:s0080, mingshi:012:s0095, mingshi:012:s0121, mingshi:012:s0145
Kind: ritual · Role: officiant · Action: performed the great sacrifice to Heaven and Earth at the Southern Suburb · Place: Southern Suburb / 南郊
Explicit · mingshi:012:s0071, mingshi:012:s0085, mingshi:012:s0102, mingshi:012:s0126, mingshi:012:s0148, mingshi:012:s0161
Kind: ritual · Role: officiant · Action: prayed in person at the Southern Suburb and to the Supreme Lord after comets and disasters
Explicit · mingshi:012:s0050, mingshi:012:s0058
Kind: military · Role: inspector · Action: visited Zheng Village Dam and inspected armor, weapons, troops and horses · Place: Zheng Village Dam / 鄭村壩 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天順四年閏月己未 · Western Year: AD 1460
Explicit · mingshi:012:s0123
Relation: deposer-of · Person Id: Jingtai Emperor (景泰帝) · Action: degraded the reigning emperor to Prince of Cheng · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 天順元年二月乙未朔 · Western Year: AD 1457
Explicit · mingshi:012:s0015

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

History of Ming, Chapter 12Volume 12 Annals 12: Yingzong Later Records · 11 passages

Open chapter

天順元年春正月壬午，昧爽，武清侯石亨，都督張輗、張軏，左都御史楊善，副都御史徐有貞，太監曹吉祥以兵迎帝於南宮，御奉天門，朝百官。 In the first month of spring in Tianshun one, at first light on renwu, Shi Heng, Marquis of Wuqing, Zhang Ni and Zhang Yue, regional commanders, Yang Shan, left censor-in-chief, Xu Youzhen, vice censor-in-chief, and the eunuch Cao Jixiang led troops to bring the Emperor out of the Southern Palace; he took the throne at Fengtian Gate and received the whole bureaucracy in audience.

是日，大風雨雹，壞奉天門鴟吻，敕修省。 That same day a storm of wind, rain, and hail shattered the roof ornaments of Fengtian Gate, and the Emperor ordered the court to examine itself and reform.

丁卯，躬禱於南郊。 On dingmao the Emperor prayed in person at the Southern Suburb.

八月甲午，以彗星屢見，躬禱於上帝。 In the eighth month, on jiawu, after repeated comets the Emperor prayed in person to Heaven.

甲戌，大祀天地於南郊。 On jiaxu the Emperor offered the great suburban sacrifice to Heaven and Earth.

冬十月甲子，獵南海子。 In the tenth month of winter, on jiazi, the Emperor hunted in the Southern Park.

三年春正月乙未，大祀天地於南郊。 In the first month of spring in the third year, on yiwei, the Emperor offered the great suburban sacrifice to Heaven and Earth.

冬十月己未，幸南海子。 In the tenth month of winter, on jiwei, the Emperor visited the Southern Park.

戊辰，幸南海子。 On wuchen the Emperor visited the Southern Park.

閏月己未，幸鄭村壩，閱甲仗軍馬。 In the intercalary month, on jiwei, the Emperor went to Zheng Village Dam and inspected arms, armor, troops, and horses.

壬戌，幸南海子。 On renxu the Emperor visited the Southern Park.