Yu Di (於頔) | 24 Histories

Overview

Yu Di was an official and Military Governor.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Yun'yuan	允元	Yǔnyuán
Posthumous name	Si	思	Sī

Life and dates

Death

AD 818 其年八月
Died
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 68
already dead when posthumous name Si was confirmed
Strongly inferred · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 107
died disheartened
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 48

Attested activity

AD 813 其年十月
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 63
AD 818 其年八月
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 68
AD 815 十年
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passages 64-65
AD 818 十三年
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 66
AD 798 貞元十四年
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 2
AD 813 八年春
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 49

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AD 806 to AD 818 以文吏之職，居腹心之地
Strongly inferred · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 104
AD 806 to AD 820 元和
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 153, passage 187
AD 806 to AD 820 元和
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passages 306, 311
AD 806 to AD 820 元和中
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 45
AD 806 元和初
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 157, passages 212, 214
AD 805 to AD 820 山南東道節度使于頔
Dated from the passage context · New Book of Tang 52, passage 191
AD 779 to AD 805 山南節度使于頔
Dated from the passage context · New Book of Tang 22, passage 106
AD 780 to AD 805 德宗
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 160, passages 2, 14
AD 805 憲宗即位
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 40
AD 805 to AD 820 憲宗時
Dated from the passage context · New Book of Tang 175, passage 21
AD 805 to AD 820 憲宗朝
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 56, passage 221
AD 783 與吐蕃相尚結贊等盟於清水
Dated from the passage context · Old Book of Tang 129, passages 49, 72
AD 798 貞元十四年
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 20

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Kin of Princess Yongchang (永昌公主)
father-in-law of the princess 尚主 · Through Jiyou (季友) · AD 805 憲宗即位
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passages 41-42
Descendant of Yu Jin (于謹)
seventh-generation descendant 七世孫 · paternal line · 7 generations
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 2
Descendant of Jin (謹)
ancestor 後 · paternal line
descendant 後 · paternal line
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 1
Parent of Bastard son of Yu Di (孽子)
bastard son 孽子
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 24
Parent of Jiyou (季友)
fourth son 第四子
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 41
Parent of Yu Jiyou (于季友)
son 子
son 男
his son 其子
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 40; Old Book of Tang 160, passages 51, 69
Parent of Illegitimate son of Yu Di (于頔孽男)
illegitimate son 孽男 · Concubinage
illegitimate son 孽男
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 37
Parent of Fang (方)
second son 第二子
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 43
Parent of Yu Min (于敏)
son 子
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 45; New Book of Tang 172, passage 34
Parent of Yu Fang (于方)
son 子
Sources vary in certainty · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 58; New Book of Tang 172, passage 40
Parent of Yu Zheng (于正)
son 子
son 男
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 40; Old Book of Tang 160, passage 51

Kinship Role sons · Count 4
Strongly inferred · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 41

Key source chapters

Origins and identity

descended from Grand Preceptor Jin, Duke Wen of Yan
Line paternal · Ancestor Person Id Jin (謹)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 1

Career and standing

civil official 文吏
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 104
Mentor of the Heir Apparent 太子賓客
AD 813 其年十月 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 63
Mentor of the Heir Apparent 太子賓客
AD 818 十三年 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 67
Grand Councilor 平章事
AD 805 憲宗即位 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 43
Minister of Works 司空
AD 805 憲宗即位 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 43
Prefect of Xiang Prefecture 襄州刺史
AD 798 貞元十四年 · Appointed · At Xiangzhou 襄州
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 20

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county defender of Huayin 華陰尉
Appointed · At Huayin 華陰
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 2
Thousand-Ox guard 千牛
Appointed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 2
Tutor of the Prince of En 恩王傅
AD 813 八年春 · Demoted to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 55
acting surveillance censor 攝監察御史
Held concurrently
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 3
attendant censor 侍御史
Held concurrently
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 4
alliance official 盟官
AD 783 與吐蕃相尚結贊等盟於清水 · Held
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 129, passage 49
Military Governor and Surveillance Commissioner of Shannan East Circuit 山南東道節度觀察
AD 798 貞元十四年 · Held · At Shannan East Circuit 山南東道
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 20
accountant-envoy to the western Tibetans 入西蕃計會使
Held
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 5
aide to the envoy entering the western regions 入蕃使判官
Held
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 3
attendant censor 侍御史
Held
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 3
Chang'an magistrate 長安令
Held
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 5
chief clerk of Liyang 櫟陽主簿
Held · At Liyang 櫟陽
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 3
Chief Minister of Court of Judicial Review 大理卿
Held
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 12
director in Bureau of the Imperial Carriage 駕部郎中
Held
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 5
Director of the Bureau of Imperial Transport 駕部郎中
Held
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 6
Grand Councilor 同中書門下平章事
Held
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 31
Grand Councilor 平章事
Held
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 38
Grand Court Judge 大理卿
Held
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 16
Huayin magistrate 華陰尉
Held
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 3
Huzhou prefect 湖州刺史
Held
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 6
magistrate of Chang'an County 長安縣令
Held · At Chang'an 長安
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 6
military governor of Shannan East Dao 山南東道節度使
Held
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 52, passage 191
Minister of Revenue 戶部尚書
Held
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 42
Minister of Works 司空
Held
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 56, passage 221; New Book of Tang 172, passage 31
Shannan East military governor 山南東道節度使
Held
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 16
Shannan Military Commissioner 山南節度使
Held
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 22, passage 106
Suzhou prefect 蘇州刺史
Held
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 9
Thousand-Ox guardsman 千牛
Held
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 3
Tibetan accounts commissioner 吐蕃計會使
Held
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 4
Tutor of Prince of En 恩王傅
Held
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 39
Prefect of Hu Prefecture 湖州刺史
Posted · At Hu Prefecture 湖州
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 7
Left Vice Director of the Department of State Affairs 左僕射
Promoted
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 38
surveillance commissioner of Shan and Guo 陜虢觀察使
Promoted · At Shan and Guo 陜虢
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 16
Vice Director of the Gate Office 司門員外郎
Promoted
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 4
Junior Mentor of the Heir Apparent 太子少保
AD 818 十三年 · Proposed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 67
aide 判官
Recruited · Authority Liu Wan (劉灣)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 2
Prefect of Su Prefecture 蘇州刺史
Transferred · At Suzhou 蘇州
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 11
purple robe 紫
Bestowed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 4
Si 思
Granted posthumous
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 107
Grand Guardian 太保
AD 818 其年八月 · Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 68
Grand Mentor 太保
Posthumously granted
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 48
Duke of Yan 燕公
Held
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 306
Duke of Yan 燕國公
Held
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 38
Entered
Entered office by yin
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 2

Places and affiliations

Polity Tang 唐 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 129, passage 49; Old Book of Tang 160, passages 2, 14, 20, 104; New Book of Tang 56, passage 221
Polity Tang 唐 · Relation Served
Strongly inferred · Old Book of Tang 153, passage 187; Old Book of Tang 160, passages 45, 306
At Henan 河南
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 1
AD 813 八年春
At Jianfu Gate 建福門 · Relation Went to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passages 51, 54
AD 798 貞元十四年
At Xiangzhou 襄州 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 20
At Cai Prefecture 蔡州 · Relation Territory bordered
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 21

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At Hu Prefecture 湖州 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 7
At Shan-Guo 陜虢 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 16
At Suzhou 蘇州 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 11
At the heartland 腹心之地 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 104
At Xiang and Deng 襄、鄧 · Relation Moved troops between
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 81
At Xiang and Han 襄、漢 · Relation Governed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 80

Learning and skills

Confucian training 儒家
Relation Trained in
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 306

Works and attributed material

Following Sage Music 順聖樂
Relation Author
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 22, passage 106
Sun Wu Following Sage Music 孫武順聖樂
Relation Author
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 22, passage 106
Claimed Yuan Hong punishment too harsh
Memorial · Author · With Yuan Hong (元洪)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 33
Requested Xiangzhou elevated to great metropolitan prefecture
Petition · Author
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 25
Requested Xue Zhenglun restored as aide
Memorial · Author · With Xue Zhenglun (薛正倫)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 36
Appraisal · Subject · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 306

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一蒙惡奏，三度改官。
Letter · Author · With Wang Wei (王緯) · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 15
Memorial · Author
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passages 52, 66
Remonstrance · Speaker · With Xianzong (憲宗)
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 56, passage 221
Taunt to Wang Wei · Speaker · Direct quotation
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 12

Events and relationships

Abducted Yuan Hong to Xiangzhou
Military · Orderer · With Yuan Hong (元洪) · At Zaoyang in Suizhou 隋州棗陽縣
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 30
Ascended altar in court dress
AD 783 與吐蕃相尚結贊等盟於清水 · Ritual · Alliance participant · At Qingshui altar 清水盟壇
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 129, passage 49
Awaited punishment at Jianfu Gate
Legal · Subject
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passages 51-54
Buried exposed remains
Ritual · Prefect · At Hu Prefecture 湖州 · Quantity more than ten sites
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 10
Campaigned against rebels
AD 798 貞元十四年 · Military · Commander · With Wu Shaocheng (吳少誠) · At Tang Prefecture 唐州 · Outcome Recovered Wu Fang and Langshan; defeated rebels at Zhuoshen Ditch
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 22
Carried out commission
Diplomatic · Envoy · At western Tibetans 西蕃 · Outcome Pleased the court
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 5

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Coerced verdict against former Huzhou assistant
Legal · Persecutor · At Huzhou 湖州
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 13
Defeated Wu Shaocheng forces and captured Li Can
AD 798 貞元十四年 · Military · With Wu Shaocheng (吳少誠), Li Can (李璨)
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 17
Defied orders and came to court only under compulsion
Political · Subject
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 104
Defied orders and seized Nanyang
Military · Rebel governor · At Nanyang 南陽 · Outcome Court nearly unable to eat for worry
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 39
Demolished shrines
Religious policy · Prefect · At Wu 吳 · Outcome Retained a few temples including those of Taibo of Wu and Wu Yuan
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 12
Dredged canals and repaired streets
Public works · Prefect · At Suzhou 蘇州 · Outcome Still relied on later
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 11
Drove aide to suicide
Personal · Abuser · With Yao Xian (姚峴)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 19
Every petition granted
Political · Petitioner · With Emperor Dezong (德宗)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 27
Expanded rolls recruited and monopolized Han south
Military · Warlord · At south of the Han 漢南
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 23
Extorted wealth and killed at will
Political · Governor
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 28
Falsely accused of embezzlement
Legal · Accuser · With Yuan Hong (元洪)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 29
Framed Yuan Hong and detained him
Legal abuse · With Yuan Hong (元洪)
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 21
Grew cautious
AD 805 憲宗即位 · Political · Governor · With Emperor Xianzong (憲宗)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 40
Imposed daily fines and punishments on staff
Administrative · Commissioner · Outcome Officials terrified
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 18
Memorialized demotion of Xue Zhenglun
Political · Accuser · With Xue Zhenglun (薛正倫)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 35
Moved troops coerced court detained exile obstructed envoy
Military · Commander · Mode named-source-report Speaker Gao Tie (高鉞)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 81
Offered silver gold and jade belts rejected by court
AD 815 十年 · Fiscal · Donor
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 65
Presented very generous gifts
Administrative · Presenter
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 52, passage 191
Presented wealth and served as envoy to distant lands
Diplomatic · Envoy
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 105
Private affairs came to light
AD 806 元和初 · Legal · Household implicated · With Jianxu (鑒虛)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 157, passage 214
Private scandal came to light
Legal · Household involved
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 153, passage 187
Punished slight offenses by military law
Legal · Authority
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 24
Repaired dikes, dredged canals, and buried exposed bones
Public works
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 7
Requested retirement
AD 818 十三年 · Political · Petitioner
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 66
Restored irrigation
Public works · Commissioner · At West Lake 西湖 · Outcome Annual rice, cattail, and fish; people relied on it
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 9
Returned to court after son's urging
AD 805 憲宗即位 · Political · Subject · With Fang (方)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 43
Served on embassy
Diplomatic · Aide · At western regions 蕃
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 3
Slaughtered innocent and acted brutally in Xiang Han
Military · Commander · Mode named-source-report Speaker Gao Tie (高鉞)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 80
Sought elevation of Xiangzhou
Political · Petitioner · Outcome Dezong acquiesced
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passages 25-26
Sought imperial marriage for fourth son
AD 805 憲宗即位 · Marriage alliance · Petitioner · With Jiyou (季友)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 41
Surrounded Xue house and forced marriage
Coercion · Orderer · With Xue Zhenglun (薛正倫)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 37
Toured counties
Inspection · Prefect · At Fang Mountain at Changcheng 長城方山
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 8
Transferred three times after memorial
Political · Subject · With Wang Wei (王緯) · Mode self-report Speaker Yu Di (於頔)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 15
Twice served as envoy to distant lands
Diplomatic · Envoy · Mode named-source-report Speaker Wang Yanwei (王彥威)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 101
Unauthorized armies state music insulted envoys detained prisoners extorted
Military · Commander · Mode named-source-report Speaker Wang Yanwei (王彥威)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 92
Urged punishments to recover authority
Remonstrance · Adviser · With Xianzong (憲宗)
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 56, passage 221
Relation Recruited by · Person Liu Wan (劉灣)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 2

Assessments and attributes

Assessment abandoned-the-scholar-code-neither-righteous-nor-chivalrous-ruin-fitting · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 306
Assessment administration had real accomplishments but brutality already extreme · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 13
Assessment believed he had attained his ambition and grew more cruel · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 17
Assessment brutal and overbearing · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · New Book of Tang 172, passage 11
Assessment capable of representing the dynasty abroad on his own authority · Mode named-source-report Source Work contemporary opinion 時論
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 5
Assessment crimes not covered by gifts and distant embassies · Mode named-source-report Speaker Wang Yanwei (王彥威)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 105

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Assessment lawless and brutal; men and spirits outraged · Mode named-source-report Speaker Wang Yanwei (王彥威)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 91
Assessment made bullying superiors and terrorizing subordinates his business · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 28
Assessment not comparable to Zhang Maozhao · Mode named-source-report Speaker Wang Yanwei (王彥威)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 104
Assessment proud-and-reckless-lightly-violated-the-constant-laws · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 309
Assessment treacherous minister in life yet given a fine posthumous name · Mode named-source-report Speaker Gao Tie (高鉞)
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 84
AD 815 十年
Item seven thousand taels of silver, five hundred taels of gold, and two jade belts 銀七千兩、金五百兩、玉帶二 · Relation Offered and returned
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 65
Item purple robe 紫 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 4

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 153, passage 187; Old Book of Tang 160, passages 1, 45; New Book of Tang 56, passage 221; New Book of Tang 172, passage 2
Value historical
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 157, passage 214; Old Book of Tang 160, passage 306
more than ten household clerks and slaves arrested
Quantity more than ten
Directly stated · Old Book of Tang 160, passage 49

References in the histories

Search passages

History

69 passages

Old Book of Tang, Chapter 129Volume 125 Biographies 75: Zhang Yi, Liu Congyi, Xiao Fu, Liu Hun · 1 passage

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鎰與賓佐齊映、齊抗及盟官崔漢衡、樊澤、常魯、於頔等七人，皆朝服； Zhang Yi, his staff members Qi Ying and Qi Kang, and alliance officials Cui Hanheng, Fan Ze, Chang Lu, Yu Di, and others—seven men in all—were all in court dress;

Old Book of Tang, Chapter 153Volume 149 Biographies 99: Yu Xiulie, Ling Huhuan, Gui Chongjing, Xi Zhi, Zhang Jian, Jiang Yi, Liu Deng, Shen Chuanshi · 1 passage

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會於頔、杜黃裳家私事發，連逮鑒虛下獄。 When private scandals at the homes of Yu Di and Du Huangshang came to light, Jianxu was implicated and imprisoned.

Old Book of Tang, Chapter 157Volume 153 Biographies 103: Yao Nanzhong, Liu Nai, Yuan Gao, Duan Pingzhong, Xue Cuncheng, Lu Tan · 1 passage

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會於頔、杜黃裳家私事發，連逮鑒虛下獄。 When private scandals at the homes of Yu Di and Du Huangshang came to light, Jianxu was implicated and imprisoned.

Old Book of Tang, Chapter 160Volume 156 Biographies 106: Yu Di, Han Hong, Wang Zhixing · 42 passages

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于頔，字允元，河南人也，周太師燕文公謹之後也。 Yu Di, whose courtesy name was Yun'yuan, came from Henan and was descended from Jin, Grand Preceptor of the Northern Zhou and posthumously Duke Wen of Yan.

頔命設堤塘以復之，歲獲粳稻蒲魚之利，人賴以濟。 Di ordered dikes and ponds built to restore the lake, and each year the region gained rice, cattail, and fish; the people depended on it for their livelihood.

州境陸地褊狹，其送終者往往不掩其棺槥，頔葬朽骨凡十餘所。 Land in the prefecture was scarce, and many burials went without proper covering of the coffins; Di gave decent burial to exposed remains at more than a dozen sites.

吳俗事鬼，頔疾其淫祀廢生業，神宇皆撤去，唯吳太伯、伍員等三數廟存焉。 The people of Wu were devoted to spirit cults; Di, distressed that lavish rites were ruining livelihoods, had most shrines demolished, retaining only a handful, including those of Taibo of Wu and Wu Yuan.

及後頔累遷，乃與緯書曰：「一蒙惡奏，三度改官。」 After Di had risen through several promotions, he wrote to Wei: "One malicious memorial cost me three transfers."