Three Kingdoms and Six Dynasties · Deposed Crown Prince

Yuan Xun 元恂

Attested AD 493 - AD 498

Passages: 24
Chapters: 1
Histories: 1

Overview

The translated histories identify Yuan Xun as a named individual and royal family member. This record brings together 24 passages from 1 chapter across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Yuan Xun	元恂	Yuan Xun
Epithet	commoner Xun	庶人恂	Shuren Xun
Title	Crown Prince	皇太子	Huang taizi
Title	Deposed Crown Prince	廢太子	Fei taizi
Courtesy name	Xuandao	宣道	Xuandao
Personal name	Xun	恂	Xun
Courtesy name	Yuandao	元道	Yuandao

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Explicit · weishu:027:s0187

Roles

Named Individual
Royal Family Member

Life and dates

Death

Age: Value: 15 · Reckoning: sui · Place: Heyang / 河陽 · Manner: bestowed death with peppered wine / 賜恂死
Explicit · weishu:027:s0045

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 太和十七年七月癸丑 · Regnal Year: 17 · Month: 7 · Day Stem Branch: 癸丑 · Western Year: AD 493
Explicit · weishu:027:s0011
Source Date: Text: 二十年 · Regnal Year: 20 · Western Year: AD 496
Explicit · weishu:027:s0018
Source Date: Text: 二十二年冬 · Regnal Year: 22 · Western Year: AD 498
Explicit event contextual date · weishu:027:s0047, weishu:027:s0045

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Kin of Prince of Nan'an (南安王)
Kinship Term: clan-grandfather / 族祖 · Subject Role: clan-grandfather · Object Role: descendant
Child of Emperor Xiaowen (孝文皇帝)
Kinship Term: father / 父 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Betrothed to Eldest daughter of Feng Dan (馮誕長女)
Kinship Term: marry / 娶 · Union Category: betrothal · Relationship State: formed
Child of Empress Lin (林皇后)
Kinship Term: mother / 母 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: mother · Object Role: son
Kin of Empress Dowager Wenming (文明太后)
Kinship Term: reared / 撫視 · Subject Role: empress-dowager · Object Role: ward
Spouse of Daughter of Liu Changwen (劉長文女)
Kinship Term: Ruzi concubine / 孺子 · Union Category: concubinage · Subject Role: husband · Object Role: concubine
Spouse of Daughter of Zheng Yi (鄭懿女)
Kinship Term: Ruzi concubine / 孺子 · Union Category: concubinage · Subject Role: husband · Object Role: concubine

Kinship Role: sons · Count: 0 · Negated: true
Explicit · weishu:027:s0059

Career and standing

Label: crown prince / 皇太子 · Action: appointed
Explicit · weishu:027:s0011
Status: commoner · Place: Heyang / 河陽
Explicit · weishu:027:s0041

Learning and skills

Belief: Buddhism / 佛經 · Relation: adherent-of
Explicit · weishu:027:s0042

Works and attributed material

Kind: speech · Role: addressee · Other Person Id: Emperor Xiaowen (孝文皇帝)
Explicit · weishu:027:s0012, weishu:027:s0013, weishu:027:s0014, weishu:027:s0015, weishu:027:s0016, weishu:027:s0017

Events and relationships

Kind: rebellion · Role: plotter · Action: killed · Other Person Id: Gao Daoyue (高道悅) · Place: Jinyong / 金墉
Explicit · weishu:027:s0029

Source notes

From: Yuandao / 元道 · To: Xuandao / 宣道
Explicit · weishu:027:s0018

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Book of Wei, Chapter 27Volume 22: Emperor Xiaowen's Five Princes · 24 passages

孝文皇帝七男：林皇后生廢太子恂。 Emperor Xiaowen had seven sons: Empress Lin bore Xun, the Deposed Crown Prince.

廢太子庶人恂，字元道。 The Deposed Crown Prince Xun, reduced to commoner rank, styled Yuandao.

年四歲，太皇太后親為立名恂，字元道，於是大赦。 When he was four the Grand Empress Dowager herself named him Xun, styled Yuandao, and a general amnesty was declared.

[3]太和十七年七月癸丑，立恂為皇太子。 [3] In the seventh month of Taihe year 17, on the day guichou, Xun was installed as crown prince.

及冠恂於廟，高祖臨光極東堂，引恂入見，誡以冠義曰：「夫冠禮表之百代，所以正容體，齊顏色，順辭令。 When Xun was capped in the ancestral temple, Gaozu received him in the east hall of the Guangji Palace and taught him the meaning of the ceremony: "The capping rite stands for a hundred generations. It sets the body upright, aligns the face, and orders the tongue.

字汝元道，所寄不輕。 Your style is Ru Yuandao—what is laid upon you is no small thing.

二十年，改字宣道。 In year 20 his style was changed to Xuandao.

遷洛，詔恂詣代都。 When the court moved to Luoyang, Xun was ordered to go to the Dai capital.

及恂入辭，高祖曰：「今汝不應向代，但太師薨於恒壤，朕既居皇極之重，不容輕赴舅氏之喪，欲使汝展哀舅氏，拜汝母墓，一寫為子之情。 When Xun came to take leave Gaozu said, "You are not to turn toward Dai. The Grand Preceptor has died at Hengrang. I bear the weight of the throne and cannot lightly attend my uncle's mourning. Go and mourn for him in my stead, bow at your mother's tomb, and pour out there everything a son owes.

[4]後高祖每歲征幸，恂常留守，主執廟祀。 [4] Thereafter, whenever Gaozu marched out each year, Xun stayed behind to guard the capital and preside over the ancestral rites.

恂不好書學，體貌肥大，深忌河洛暑熱，意每追樂北方。 Xun cared little for books. He was heavy of build and loathed the heat of the He-Luo basin; his heart always turned northward.

中庶子高道悅數苦言致諫，恂甚銜之。 His household steward Gao Daoyue admonished him again and again until Xun came to hate him.

高祖幸崧岳，恂留守金墉，於西掖門內與左右謀，欲召牧馬輕騎奔代，手刃道悅於禁中。 While Gaozu was at Mount Song, Xun held Jinyong. Inside the west side gate he plotted with his attendants to call up the horse-keepers' light cavalry and flee to Dai, and with his own hand killed Daoyue in the inner palace.

引恂數罪，與咸陽王禧等親杖恂，又令禧等更代，百餘下，扶曳出外，不起者月餘。 He recited Xun's crimes one by one. With the Prince of Xianyang Xi and others he personally beat him, then had them take turns until more than a hundred strokes were laid on. Xun was dragged out and could not rise for over a month.

今恂欲違父背尊，跨據恒朔。 Xun now means to defy his father, abandon his rank, and seize the north at Heng and Shuo.

恂在困躓，頗知咎悔，恒讀佛經，禮拜歸心於善。 In his fall Xun came partly to repent. He read Buddhist sutras, bowed, and turned his heart toward what was good.

中尉李彪承間密表，告恂復與左右謀逆。 Commandant of palace guards Li Biao sent a secret memorial reporting that Xun was again plotting rebellion with his attendants.

高祖在長安，使中書侍郎邢巒與咸陽王禧，奉詔齎椒酒詣河陽，賜恂死，時年十五。 At Chang'an Gaozu sent palace secretariat attendant Xing Luan with the Prince of Xianyang Xi, bearing an edict and peppered wine to Heyang, and had Xun put to death. He was fifteen.

二十二年冬，御史臺令史龍文觀坐法當死，告廷尉，稱恂前被攝左右之日，有手書自理不知狀，而中尉李彪、侍御史賈尚寢不為聞。 In the winter of year 22 the reviewing censor's clerk Long Wenguan, condemned to death for a legal offense, told the Court Commander that when Xun was seized his attendants had found a handwritten plea that he did not know what was afoot, yet Commandant Li Biao and attendant censor Jia Shang had buried the matter and never reported it.

初，高祖將為恂娶司徒馮誕長女，以女幼，待年長。 At first Gaozu meant to marry Xun to the eldest daughter of Minister of Works Feng Dan, but because the girl was young he waited until she grew.

先為娉彭城劉長文、滎陽鄭懿女為左右孺子，時恂年十三四。 He first betrothed to him the daughters of Liu Changwen of Pengcheng and Zheng Yi of Xingyang as left and right concubines when Xun was thirteen or fourteen.

我欲使恂旦出省經傳，食後還內，晡時復出，日夕而罷。 I mean to have Xun go out each morning to study the classics, return at midday, go out again in the afternoon, and be done by evening.

高祖以光言為然，乃不令恂晝入內。 Gaozu accepted Guang's counsel and would not let Xun enter the inner palace by day.

論曰：庶人險暴之性，自幼而長，終以廢黜，不得其終。 The appraisal says: The commoner's dangerous and violent nature grew from childhood; in the end he was deposed and did not come to a proper end.