Qin and Han · Administrator

Zhang Chang 張敞

Attested BC 74 - BC 48

Passages
11
Chapters
2
Histories
1

Overview

The translated histories identify Zhang Chang as an administrator and official. This record brings together 11 passages from 2 chapters across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Found inBook of Han

Names

TypeEnglishChinesePinyin
Personal Zhang Chang 張敞 Zhang Chang
Given name Chang 敞
Surname Zhang 張
Personal name Zhang Chang 張敞 Zhang Chang
Surname 張 Zhang
Given 敞 Chang

Identity

Historicity
Historical
Identification
Named
Sex
Male

Roles

  • Administrator
  • Official

Life and dates

Attested activity

  • Source Date: Text: 孝宣 · Western Interval: Start: BC 74 · End: BC 49
    Explicit event contextual date · hanshu:101:s0012, hanshu:101:s0021
  • Source Date: Text: 孝宣承統 · Western Interval: Start: BC 74 · End: BC 48
    Explicit · hanshu:068:s0260

Places and affiliations

Works and attributed material

Assessments and attributes

  • Assessment: governed the people (治民) · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
    Explicit · hanshu:068:s0260
  • Assessment: had achievements recounted in their age · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
    Explicit · hanshu:068:s0260

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Book of Han, Chapter 68Volume 58: Gongsun Hong, Bu Shi and Er Kuan · 1 passage
Open chapter
孝宣承統，纂修洪業，亦講論六藝，招選茂異，而蕭望之、梁丘賀、夏侯勝、韋玄成、嚴彭祖，尹更始以儒術進，劉向，王褒以文章顯，將相則張安世、趙充國、魏相、丙吉、於定國、杜延年，治民則黃霸、王成、龔遂、鄭弘、召信臣、韓延壽、尹翁歸、趙廣漢、嚴延年、張敞之屬，皆有功跡見述於世。 Emperor Xuan inherited the succession and carried forward the great enterprise. He too expounded the Six Arts and recruited outstanding men. Xiao Wangzhi, Liangqiu He, Xiahou Sheng, Wei Xuancheng, Yan Pengzu, and Yin Gengshi advanced through Confucian learning; Liu Xiang and Wang Bao gained distinction for their writing; among the generals and chancellors were Zhang Anshi, Zhao Chongguo, Wei Xiang, Bing Ji, Yu Dingguo, and Du Yannian; and among those who governed the people were Huang Ba, Wang Cheng, Gong Sui, Zheng Hong, Shao Xinchen, Han Yanshou, Yin Wengui, Zhao Guanghan, Yan Yannian, Zhang Chang, and others. All left achievements celebrated in their age.
Book of Han, Chapter 101Volume 89: Upright Officials · 10 passages
Open chapter
敞奏霸曰：「竊見丞相請與中二千石博士雜問郡國上計長吏、守丞為民興利除害、成大化，條其對，有耕者讓畔，男女異路，道不拾遺，及舉孝子貞婦者為一輩，先上殿，舉而不知其人數者次之，不為條教者在後叩頭謝。 Zhang Chang reported to the throne: "I observed the chancellor convene ministers and academicians to examine each fiscal officer on what good he had done for the people. Those who could claim that farmers yielded boundary strips, men and women kept separate paths, and lost articles stayed on the ground, and who could name exemplary sons and wives, were invited forward; those who cited miracles without head counts came next; anyone with no local regulations to show knelt in apology at the rear.
臣敞非敢毀丞相也，誠恐群臣莫白，而長吏、守丞畏丞相指，歸捨法令，各為私教，務相增加，澆淳散樸，並行偽貌，有名亡實，傾搖解怠，甚者為妖。 I do not mean to malign the chancellor, but I dread a court where no one speaks plainly. Magistrates may fear his hints, abandon the written law, invent private "teachings," and compete to exaggerate—thinning honest custom, encouraging hollow shows, trading substance for reputation until government wobbles and slackens, and in the worst case breeds outright sorcery.