Zhou Hongzhi (周弘直)

Overview

Zhou Hongzhi was an official, General, and Writer.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal name	Hongzhi	弘直	Hóngzhí
Courtesy name	Sifang	思方	Sīfāng

Life and dates

Death

AD 575 太建七年
At at home 家
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 117

Age

76
AD 575 太建七年
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 117

Attested activity

AD 549 京城陷
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 24, passage 61
AD 560 to AD 566 天嘉中
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 110
AD 575 太建七年
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 112
AD 552 承聖
Dated from the passage context · Book of Liang 55, passage 160
AD 520 to AD 531 梁普通至中大通
Strongly inferred · Book of Chen 24, passages 3, 9

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Sibling of Zhou Hongrang (周弘讓)
brothers 兄弟 · Uncertain siblings
younger brother 弟 · Full siblings
Strongly inferred · Book of Chen 24, passages 9, 59, 61, 99
Sibling of Zhou Hongzheng (周弘正)
elder brother 兄 · Uncertain siblings
younger brother 弟 · Full siblings
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passages 3, 9, 61, 99
Child of Zhou Baoshi (周寶始)
father 父
Strongly inferred · Book of Chen 24, passages 8-9
Child of Mother of Zhou Hongzheng (周弘正母)
mother 母
Strongly inferred · Book of Chen 24, passages 9, 19
Parent of Zhou Que (周確)
son 子
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passages 3, 119
Spouse of Mother of Zhou Que (周確母)
wife 妻 · Uncertain parentage · Uncertain
wife 妻 · Widowed
Strongly inferred · Book of Chen 24, passages 123, 125

Key source chapters

Career and standing

acting-with-staff bearer 假節
AD 552 梁元帝承制 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 105
heir's chief steward 世子長史
AD 552 梁元帝承制 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 105
stalwart-fruits general 英果將軍
AD 552 梁元帝承制 · Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 105
inner administrator of Hengyang 衡陽內史
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 106
Liang Grand Academy Doctor 梁太學博士
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 102
wise-martial general 智武將軍
Appointed
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 106

Show 26 more source-backed claims

administrator of Hengyang 衡陽內史
AD 549 京城陷 · Held
Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 24, passage 61
chief steward to the Prince of Luling 廬陵王長史
AD 560 to AD 566 天嘉中 · Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 110
director of the Secretariat in charge of national history 祕書監，掌國史
AD 560 to AD 566 天嘉中 · Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 110
grand-academy doctor 國子博士
AD 560 to AD 566 天嘉中 · Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 110
left assistant in the Masters of Writing 尚書左丞
AD 560 to AD 566 天嘉中 · Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 110
palace scatterer grandee 中散大夫
AD 560 to AD 566 天嘉中 · Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 110
superintendent of the Feathered Forest guard 羽林監
AD 560 to AD 566 天嘉中 · Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 110
acting prefect of Xiangzhou 行湘州府州事
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 107
administrator of Lingling 零陵太守
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 108
administrator of Shaoling 邵陵太守
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 108
chief steward of the pacify-the-south army 平南長史
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 107
cloud-banner general 雲麾將軍
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 108
Gentleman of the Ceremonies Bureau 尚書儀曹郎
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 103
Grand Master for the Glorious 光祿大夫
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 111
inner administrator of Changsha 長沙內史
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 107
inspector of Chang 昌州刺史
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 108
magistrate of Chaisang 柴桑縣令
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 104
magistrate of Dangyang 當陽縣令
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 104
Minister of Rites 太常卿
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 111
recording secretary and advising aide 錄事諮議參軍
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 104
secretary on Prince Xiangdong's outer military staff 西中郎湘東王外兵記室參軍
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 102
steadfast-resolve general 貞毅將軍
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 107
Marquis of Xiangbin 湘濱縣侯
Enfeoffed · Fief Households: 600
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 107
golden seal and purple ribbon 金章紫綬
Granted
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 111
Marquis of Xiangbin county 湘濱縣侯
Held
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 107
Died at home
AD 575 太建七年 · Deceased
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 117

Places and affiliations

Polity Chen 陳 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 110
Polity Liang 梁 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 102
At Chaisang 柴桑 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 104
At Changsha 長沙 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 107
At Dangyang 當陽 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 104
At Hengyang 衡陽 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passages 61, 106

Show 1 more source-backed claim

At Xiangzhou 湘州 · Relation Posted to
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passages 107, 109

Works and attributed material

Collected works 集
Relation Author · Quantity Juan: 20
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 118
AD 575 太建七年
Testament · Author · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passages 112-116

Events and relationships

Fell ill near death
AD 575 太建七年 · Illness · Patient
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 112
Raised by
Fostering · Ward · With Zhou She (周捨)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passages 9, 11
Remained in Xiangzhou during rebellion
Military · Present in region · With Wang Lin (王琳) · At Xiangzhou 湘州
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 109
Returned to court after Wang Lin defeat
Political · Returnee · With Wang Lin (王琳)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 109
Relation Served under · Person Emperor Yuan of Liang (梁元帝)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passages 102, 104-105
Relation Served under · Person Prince of Luling (廬陵王)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 110

Show 4 more source-backed claims

Relation Colleague of · Person Bao Quan (鮑泉)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 102
Relation Colleague of · Person Liu Huan (劉緩)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 102
Relation Colleague of · Person Zong Lin (宗懍)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 102
Relation Colleague of · Person Liu Yue (劉瑴)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 102

Assessments and attributes

clever and keen from childhood
Character
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 101
Item small market coffin timber 市中小形材 · Relation Requested for burial · Mode self-report Speaker Zhou Hongzhi (周弘直)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 114
Item white cloth towels and coarse incense burner 白布手巾、麤香爐 · Relation Requested in coffin · Mode self-report Speaker Zhou Hongzhi (周弘直)
Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 116

References in the histories

Book of Chen, Chapter 24Volume 24: Zhou Hongzheng; Yuan Xian · 6 passages

Open chapter

周弘正弟弘直弘直子確袁憲 Zhou Hongzheng; his younger brother Hongzhi; Hongzhi's son Que; Yuan Xian

弘正幼孤，及弟弘讓、弘直，俱為 Hongzheng was orphaned young. He and his younger brothers Hongrang and Hongzhi were all

京城陷，弘直為衡陽內史，元帝在江陵，遺弘直書曰：「適有都信，賢兄博士平安。 When the capital fell, Hongzhi was administrator of Hengyang. Emperor Yuan was at Jiangling and sent Hongzhi a letter: "There is capital news: your worthy elder brother the erudite is safe.

弘正二弟：弘讓，弘直。 Hongzheng had two younger brothers: Hongrang and Hongzhi.

弘直字思方，幼而聰敏。 Hongzhi, styled Sifang, was clever and keen from childhood.

王琳之舉兵也，弘直在湘州，琳敗，乃還朝。 When Wang Lin rebelled, Hongzhi was in Xiangzhou; after Lin's defeat he returned to court.

Book of Liang, Chapter 55Volume 55: Zong, Prince of Yuzhang; Ji, Prince of Wuling; Zhengde, Prince of Linhe; Yu, Prince of Hedong · 1 passage

Open chapter

世祖甚懼，因步道間還，遣諮議周弘直至譽所，督其糧衆。 Emperor Yuan was terrified; he slipped back by side roads and sent Adviser Zhou Hongzhi to Yu's camp to take command of grain and troops.