Zhou She 周捨

Other names

Family

• Kin of Zhou Hongzheng (周弘正)
  paternal uncle 伯父 · paternal line
  Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passages 11, 208-209
• Descendant of Zhou Yan (周顗)
  eighth-generation descendant 八世孫 · paternal line · 8 generations
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 3
• Sibling of Zhou Baoshi (周寶始)
  elder brother 兄 · Full siblings · paternal line
  elder brother 兄 · Uncertain siblings · paternal line
  Strongly inferred · Book of Chen 24, passages 11, 209
• Child of Zhou Yan (周顒)
  father 父 · paternal line
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 4
• Child of Mother of Zhou She (周捨母)
  mother 母 · maternal line
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 26
• Parent of Zhou Hongzheng (周弘正)
  raised 所養 · Foster parentage
  Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 208
• Parent of Hongyi (弘義)
  son 子
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 44
• Parent of Hongxin (弘信)
  son 子
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 44

• AD 524 普通五年
  Kinship Role wives and concubines · Count 0 · Negated true
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 41
• AD 524 普通五年
  Kinship Role sons · Count 2
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passages 41, 44

Origins and identity

• eighth-generation descendant of Zhou Yi 晉左光祿大夫顗之八世孫
  Line paternal
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 3

Career and standing

• confidential court official 機要
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passages 35, 39
• court official and ritual adviser 朝官
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passages 15, 20
• Supervisor of the Heir Apparent's Household 太子詹事
  AD 524 普通五年 · Acting
  Dated from the passage context · Book of Liang 25, passages 31, 34
• General of the Right Swift Cavalry 右驍騎將軍
  AD 524 普通五年 · Appointed
  Dated from the passage context · Book of Liang 25, passage 31
• Gentleman of the Sacrifices Section in the Secretariat 尚書祠部郎
  AD 502 高祖卽位 · Appointed
  Dated from the passage context · Book of Liang 25, passage 14
• Aide to the Rear General 後軍行參軍
  Appointed
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 7

Places and affiliations

• Polity Liang 梁 · Relation Served
  Dated from the passage context · Book of Chen 24, passages 208, 210
• Polity Liang 梁 · Relation Served
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 12, passage 191; Book of Liang 25, passages 12, 14, 169
• Polity Liang 梁 · Relation Served
  Strongly inferred · Book of Liang 18, passage 251; Book of Liang 25, passages 30, 34, 39
• Polity Southern Qi 齊 · Relation Served
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passages 7-8
• At Ancheng in Runan 汝南安城
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 3
• At Ancheng in Runan 汝南安城 · Relation Native of
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 3

Learning and skills

• broad learning, especially principles of moral reasoning 博學多通，尤精義理
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 6
• Belief Confucian moral principle 道德 · Relation Adherent of · Mode quoted-speech Speaker Zhou Yan (周顒)
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 5
• Skill recitation from memory 善誦書 · Level expert
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 6
• Skill eloquence and oral debate 口辯 · Level renowned
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passages 9, 22

Works and attributed material

• national history 國史
  Relation Compiler or director
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 20
• Biography of Zhou She in the History of the Southern Dynasties 南史周捨傳
  Relation Subject of
  Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 209
• AD 506 五年
  Speech · Speaker · With Wei Rui (韋叡) · Direct quotation
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 12, passage 191
• Speech · Speaker · With Zhou Hongzheng (周弘正)
  Directly stated · Book of Chen 24, passage 12
• You need not fear that you will lack wealth and rank, but you must hold yourself to moral principle. 汝不患不富貴，但當持之以道德。
  Speech · Addressee · With Zhou Yan (周顒) · Direct quotation
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 5
• Speech · Speaker · Quote true
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 30, passage 135

Events and relationships

• Appointed to deliberate on Five Rites
  Scholarly · Participant
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 169
• Conducted funeral
  Ritual · Arranger · With Wang Liang (王亮) · Outcome praised by contemporaries 時人稱之
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 18
• Impeached over letter
  AD 524 普通五年 · Legal · Accused · With Bai Wo (白渦) · Mode edict Speaker Emperor (上)
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 42
• Mourned by emperor
  AD 524 普通五年 · Ritual · Deceased · With Emperor (上)
  Dated from the passage context · Book of Liang 25, passage 33
• Named in bribe letter
  AD 524 普通五年 · Legal · Named recipient · With Bai Wo (白渦) · At South Ford 南津 · Outcome letter seized and reported 津司以聞
  Dated from the passage context · Book of Liang 25, passage 29
• Refuted
  AD 494 to AD 498 建武中 · Scholarly · Debater · With Wu Bao (吳包) · Outcome gained fame for eloquence 名爲口辯
  Dated from the passage context · Book of Liang 25, passages 8-9

Assessments and attributes

• Assessment austerity surpassed the stern worthies of old · Mode edict Speaker Emperor (上)
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 41
• Assessment embodied deepest Confucian learning; mastered literature and history; filial to parents; wholly loyal to sovereign; held confidential posts; lived in unstained integrity; austere in food and clothing · Mode edict Speaker Emperor (上)
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passages 39-40
• Assessment frugal and plain living · Mode historian-judgment
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passages 23-25
• Assessment kept state secrets despite constant talkativeness · Mode historian-judgment
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 22
• Assessment learning solid and mind clear; character open and conduct sharp; labored at the heart of government for many years; talents far from spent · Mode edict Speaker Emperor (上)
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 35
• Assessment loyal to old associates · Mode named-source-report
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 18

Source notes

• Historicity historical
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 12, passage 163; Book of Liang 25, passage 169
• attended the emperor day and night in confidential affairs for more than twenty years 日夜侍上，預機密，二十餘年未嘗離左右
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 21
• simultaneously managed national history, edicts, ritual and law, and military planning 國史詔誥，儀體法律，軍旅謀謨，皆兼掌之
  Directly stated · Book of Liang 25, passage 20