Zhu Wen (朱溫) | 24 Histories

Overview

Zhu Wen was a ruler and Warlord.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Temple name	Liang Taizu	梁太祖	Liang Taizu

Life and dates

Attested activity

AD 904 八月壬辰
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 37
AD 901 太祖下河中
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 6
AD 904 太祖至洛，流彥威、叔琮嶺南
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 38
AD 902 太祖遣友寧兵萬人會叔琮禦晉
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passages 11, 13
AD 904 昭宗改元天祐
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 34
AD 903 昭宗自岐還
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passages 26, 28

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AD 904 昭宗遷洛
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 21
AD 883 to AD 884 梁兵擊黃巢陳、許間
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 3

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Parent of Li Yanwei (李彥威)
adopted as a son 養以為子 · Adoptive parentage
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 21

Places and affiliations

Polity Liang 梁 · Relation Led
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passages 3, 21
AD 901 太祖下河中
At Hezhong 河中 · Relation Captured
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 6
AD 901 太祖下河中
At Jin and Jiang 晉、絳 · Relation Captured
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 6
AD 904 太祖至洛，流彥威、叔琮嶺南
At Luoyang 洛 · Relation Arrived at
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 38
AD 904 昭宗改元天祐
At Hezhong 河中 · Relation Marched to
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passages 34, 37

Works and attributed material

Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation · Addressed to Cui Yin (崔胤) · Mode quotation Speaker Zhu Wen (朱溫)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passages 26-27
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation · Mode quotation Speaker Zhu Wen (朱溫)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passages 13, 28, 37

Events and relationships

Banished then had Yanwei and Shucong killed
AD 904 太祖至洛，流彥威、叔琮嶺南 · Legal · Authority · With Li Yanwei (李彥威)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 38
Feigned horror at Zhaozong death report
AD 904 八月壬辰 · Political · Instigator · At Hezhong 河中
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 37
Marched 70000 to Hezhong feared Zhaozong flight
AD 904 昭宗改元天祐 · Military · Commander
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 34
Promoted Shucong after Huang Chao campaigns
AD 883 to AD 884 梁兵擊黃巢陳、許間 · Military · Commander · With Shi Shucong (氏叔琮)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 3
Rejected Jin peace letter as insolent
AD 901 太祖下河中 · Diplomatic · Recipient · With Li Keyong (李克用)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 6
Sent Youning to reinforce Shucong
AD 902 太祖遣友寧兵萬人會叔琮禦晉 · Military · Commander · With Zhu Youning (朱友寧)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 11

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Took Hezhong Jin Jiang
AD 901 太祖下河中 · Military · Commander · At Hezhong 河中
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 6
Urged Cui Yin to have Yu killed
AD 903 昭宗自岐還 · Political · Speaker · With Cui Yin (崔胤)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passages 26-27

Assessments and attributes

Assessment feigned shock and blamed his agents to avoid infamy · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 37
Assessment hated Yu on seeing his fine face · With Li Yu (李裕) · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passages 26, 31

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 43, passage 3

References in the histories

Search passages

History

13 passages

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 43Volume 43 Miscellaneous Biographies 23: Shi Shucong, Li Yanwei, Li Zhen, Pei Di, Wei Zhen, Kong Xun, Sun Dezhao, Wang Jingrao, Jiang Yin · 13 passages

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為梁騎兵伍長，梁兵擊黃巢陳、許間，叔琮戰數有功，太祖壯之，使將後院馬軍，從攻徐、兗，表宿州刺史。 He began as a squad leader in Liang cavalry. In the campaigns against Huang Chao between Chen and Xu he fought again and again with credit. Liang Taizu Zhu Wen took him for a hard man and put him over the rear-court horse guard; on the drive against Xu and Yan he was named prefect of Su.

太祖下河中，取晉、絳，晉王遣使致書太祖求成，太祖以晉書詞嫚，乃遣叔琮與賀德倫等攻之。 The Founder marched on Hezhong and seized Jin and Jiang. Li Keyong sent envoys with a letter asking for peace. Zhu Wen read insolence in the wording and sent Shucong, He Delun, and others against him.

太祖遣友寧兵萬人會叔琮禦晉，友寧欲休兵以待，叔琮曰：「敵聞救至必走，走則何功邪？」 The Founder sent Zhu Youning with ten thousand men to reinforce Shucong against Jin. Youning wanted to halt and wait. Shucong said: “The moment they hear relief is here they will bolt. If they bolt, what is left for us to win?”

太祖大喜曰：「破太原非氏老不可。」 The Founder exulted: “Only old Shi can take Taiyuan.”

太祖遣叔琮與李彥威等弒昭宗，已而殺之。 The Founder sent Shucong and Li Yanwei to murder Zhaozong—and afterward had them killed.

少事梁太祖，為人穎悟，善揣人意，太祖憐之，養以為子，冒姓朱氏，名友恭。 As a youth he entered Zhu Wen’s service—quick-witted, expert at guessing what men wanted. The Founder doted on him, adopted him, and gave him the Zhu surname and the name Yougong.

昭宗自岐還，太祖見裕眉目疏秀，惡之，謂宰相崔胤曰：「德王嘗為季述所立，安得猶在乎？ When Zhaozong came back from Qi, the Founder looked at Yu’s fine face and hated him. He told Cui Yin: “Jishu made that boy emperor. How is he still breathing?

胤奏之，昭宗不許，佗日以問太祖，太祖曰：「臣安敢及之，胤欲賣臣爾。」 Yin memorialized; Zhaozong refused. Another day Zhaozong asked the Founder about it. Zhu Wen said: “I would never dare raise a hand—Yin is trying to sell me out.”

昭宗遷洛，謂蔣玄暉曰：「德王，朕愛子也，全忠何為欲殺之？」 At the move to Luoyang Zhaozong told Jiang Xuanhui: “The Prince of De is my beloved son. Why does Quanzhong want him dead?”

玄暉具以白太祖，太祖益惡之。 Xuanhui told the Founder everything; the Founder hated Yu all the more.

太祖大懼，恐昭宗奔佗鎮，以兵七萬如河中，陰遣敬翔至洛，告彥威與氏叔琮等，使行弒逆。 The Founder feared Zhaozong would bolt to another warlord. He took seventy thousand men toward Hezhong and secretly sent Jing Xiang to Luoyang with orders for Yanwei, Shucong, and the rest to kill the emperor.

訃至河中，太祖陽為驚駭，投地號哭，罵曰：「奴輩負我，俾我被惡名於後世邪！」 Word reached Hezhong. The Founder played horror, flung himself down, and howled: “You dogs sold me out—do you mean to hang this crime on my neck forever?”

太祖至洛，流彥威、叔琮嶺南，使張廷範殺之。 At Luoyang he banished Yanwei and Shucong to the far south and sent Zhang Tingfan to kill them.