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序班書始立外戚恩澤侯表，《遼》、《明》二史因之。 遼外戚不皆有封爵，然世選北府宰相預政事，明則揚、徐二王僅假虛號，自後皆封侯、伯。 嘉靖間，詔不得與汗馬餘勳並列，惟分封大邑，帶礪相承，未嘗區以別也。 清初，太祖娶於葉赫，草昧干戈，制度未備。 太宗、世祖娶於蒙古，追進崇封，外戚恩澤自此始。 雍正八年，世宗詔定外戚爲承恩公。 乾隆四十三年，高宗又詔后族承恩與佐命功臣櫛風沐雨、拓土開疆者，實難並論，俱改爲三等公。 名既專屬，等復殊裁，抑制防視，明尤肅用，是終清世外家皆謹守法度，無預政事者，不可謂非詒謀之善也。 《明史》用班氏例，兼及宦官恩倖之得封者，尤清所未有，茲次第諸后族，爲外戚表，凡以外戚封及其家初有爵，以外戚進者，皆入焉。 后族別以功封，仍列功臣世爵表。
In the preface to his History, Ban Gu was the first to establish a table of noble ranks granted to imperial in-laws as a mark of imperial favor; the Liao and Ming histories adopted the same model. In the Liao, not every imperial in-law held a noble rank, yet the clan was generation after generation chosen for the chancellorship of the Northern Administration and took part in state affairs. Under the Ming, only the Yang and Xu kings held nominal titles; after them, in-laws were enfeoffed as marquises or earls. During the Jiajing reign, an edict barred them from being ranked alongside those who had earned merit in war; they received only large fiefs passed down in perpetuity, and were never placed in a separate category. In the early Qing, the Taizu married into Yehe; amid the turmoil of founding the dynasty by force of arms, institutions were not yet in place. The Taizong and Shizu took wives from Mongolia; posthumous advancement to exalted noble ranks followed, and imperial favor to in-laws began from this time. In the eighth year of Yongzheng, the Shizong decreed that imperial in-laws should hold the title Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace. In the forty-third year of Qianlong, the Gaozong again decreed that empresses' kin who received imperial grace could not be ranked alongside founding ministers who had braved hardship to open new lands; all such titles were reduced to third-rank duke. Once the title was reserved to them alone and the rank specially adjusted, restraint and vigilance were applied with particular rigor under the Ming; throughout the Qing as well, consort clans strictly observed the law and did not meddle in government—a policy that can only be called wise provision for posterity. The Ming History followed Ban Gu's precedent and also included eunuchs who received enfeoffment through imperial favor—something the Qing especially did without. Here the various empress clans are arranged in order as the Imperial In-Laws Table; all enfeoffed as in-laws, those whose families first gained rank through in-law ties, and those advanced through in-law status are all entered here. Empress clans enfeoffed separately for merit are still listed in the Table of Hereditary Noble Ranks of Meritorious Officials.
| 一世 | 二世 | 三世 | 四世 | 五世 | 六世 | 七世 | 八世 | 九世 | 十世 | 十一世 | 十二世 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 孝慈高皇后父楊吉努（姓納喇氏，葉赫貝勒。） | |||||||||||
| 孝端文皇后父莽古思（姓博爾濟吉特氏，世居科爾沁左翼中旗。崇德二年六月庚寅追封和碩福親王） | |||||||||||
| 孝莊文皇后父宰桑（莽古思子。順治十一年五月壬辰，追贈和碩忠親王） | 滿珠習禮（宰桑子。順治十六年五月乙巳，晉封科爾沁達爾汗、巴圖魯親王） | 和拖（滿珠習禮長子。康熙四年七月丙戌，襲停巴圖魯名號） | 班第（和拖長子。康熙十年三月丁丑襲） | 羅布藏袞布（班第長子。康熙四十九年十一月乙未襲） | 色騰巴勒珠爾（羅布藏袞布三子。乾隆十七年襲，二十年有罪，黜） | ||||||
| 色旺諾爾布（羅布藏袞布次子。乾隆二十年襲） | 旺扎勒多爾濟（色旺諾爾布長子。乾隆三十九年襲） | 丹曾旺布（旺扎勒多爾濟長子。嘉慶三年襲） | 布彥溫都爾（丹曾旺布子。嘉慶十三年襲） | 索特那木棚蘇克（布彥溫都爾子。道光十八年襲） | 棍布旺濟勒（索特那木棚蘇克子。同治十三年二月辛巳襲） | 那木濟勒色楞（棍布旺濟勒子。光緒十年襲） | |||||
| 孝惠章皇后父綽爾濟（滿珠習禮子，科爾沁鎮國公。康熙元年十月戊申，晉封貝勒） | 鄂緝爾（綽爾濟長子。康熙九年十二月戊戌襲） | 巴克什固爾（鄂緝爾長子。康熙二十一年三月乙亥襲） | 阿喇布坦（巴克什固爾長子。康熙五十九年十二月丁未襲） | 薩木丕勒扎木素（阿喇布坦四子。雍正十三年七月壬戌襲） | 三音察袞（薩木丕勒扎木素嗣子。乾隆二十二年襲） | 色楞多爾濟（三音察袞子。嘉慶七年八月壬子襲） | 貢格拉布坦（色楞多爾濟子。道光三十一年庚寅襲） | 桑魯布多特賽（貢格拉布坦子。咸豐九年襲） | |||
| 昂噶扣（桑魯布多特賽從弟。同治五年二月乙未襲） | 濟克登達克齋瓦（昂噶扣子。光緒十年襲） | 濟克登諾爾布林沁扎木蘇（濟克登達克齋瓦長子。光緒三十二年襲） | |||||||||
| 孝康章皇后父佟圖賴（隸滿洲鑲黃旗官兵部尚書都統，康熙間追封一等公，贈太師，諡勤襄。佟圖賴父佟養真，官游擊世職，追封一等公，諡忠烈） | 佟國綱（佟國賴子。康熙六年八月襲一等公，征厄魯特，沒於陣。贈太師，諡忠勇） | 鄂倫岱（佟國綱子。康熙二十九年十二月襲，雍正三年五月有罪，爵黜） | |||||||||
| 夸岱（佟國綱子，鄂倫岱弟。雍正三年五月襲） | 納穆圖（夸岱子。官都統，雍正八年九月襲，卒，諡榮靖） | 嗣存（納穆圖子。官散秩大臣。乾隆三十二年襲，卒，諡愨僖） | 晉璽（嗣存子。乾隆三十四年襲） | ||||||||
| 書明阿（嗣存繼子，官杭州將軍。乾隆三十九年襲，四十看改爲三等公，卒，諡勤敏） | 裕誠（書明阿子） | 克昌（裕誠子） | 堃林（克昌子） | ||||||||
| 倚功（克昌從子。宣統三年十二月戊申襲） | |||||||||||
| 孝獻皇后父鄂碩（姓董鄂氏，隸滿洲正白旗。順治十四年二月，晉封三等伯） | 費揚古（鄂碩子。順治十五年二月襲，康熙三十六年七月，以戰功晉封一等公，卒，諡庭壯） | 陳泰（費揚古子，降襲一等侯。康熙四十年十二月，有罰，爵黜） | |||||||||
| 圖把（陳泰弟。雍正十年五月襲） | 圖桑阿（圖把子。乾隆十年襲） | ||||||||||
| 孝誠仁皇后父噶布拉（姓赫舍里氏，隸滿洲正黄旗。康熙十三年十二月，追封一等公加太子少保，卒，諡恪僖） | 長泰（噶布拉子。康熙二十一年正月襲，有罪，爵黜） | ||||||||||
| 倫布（長泰弟。雍正五年十月襲一等公，有罪，爵黜） | |||||||||||
| 達爾瑪（倫布叔。雍正九年襲，尋卒） | |||||||||||
| 法爾瑪（達爾瑪兄。雍正九年十二月庚戌襲一等公） | 善保（法爾瑪從子。乾隆二十三年十二月庚子襲，有罪，爵黜。四十七年四月，復爵） | 雙福（善保長子。嘉慶十二年十二月丙辰襲） | 祿豐（雙福子。道光十九年十二月己卯襲） | 和瑞（錄豐嗣子。咸豐八年十二月丁巳襲） | 玉山（和瑞子。光緒六年十二月辛亥襲） | 興安（玉山子。光緒十五年十二月戊子襲） | |||||
| 阿爾景阿（善保叔。乾隆二十九年九月甲申襲。四十三年改爲三等公，有罪，爵黜） | |||||||||||
| 孝昭仁皇后父遏必隆（姓鈕祜祿氏，隸滿洲鑲黃旗，額亦都第六子，官鑾儀衛掌衛事大臣加少保輔政大臣加太師。從征山東、湖廣，有功，襲一等子，晉封一等公，卒，諡恪僖） | 法喀（遏必隆子。康熙六年八月襲一等公，二十五年有罪，爵黜） | ||||||||||
| 孝懿仁皇后父佟國維（佟圖賴子。官內大臣，康熙間封一等公，卒，贈太師，諡端純） | 隆科多（佟國維子。康熙六十一年襲，有罪，爵黜） | ||||||||||
| 慶復（隆科多弟。雍正五年六月襲，乾隆十二年有罪，停襲） | |||||||||||
| 孝恭仁皇后父衛武（姓烏雅氏，隸滿洲正黃旗，官護軍參領。雍正元年二月癸丑，追封衛武祖額布根父內大臣） | 博啟（衛武子。雍正元年二月癸丑，襲一等公） | 博永（博啟子。乾隆十九年四月癸未襲） | 希明（博永子。乾隆二十三年十二月甲申襲） | 志福（希明子。乾隆年襲，四十三年改為三等承恩公） | 吉祥保（志福子。嘉慶五年十二月乙丑襲） | 增喜（吉祥保子。道光二十八年十二月庚辰襲） | 瑞興（增喜子。咸豐五十二年十二月丙午襲） | 振陞（瑞興嗣子） | |||
| 孝敬憲皇后父費揚古（姓納喇氏，滿洲正黃旗，官正一品步軍統領。雍正元年十二月戊子追封一等侯，十三年十月辛卯追晉一等公費揚古祖透訥巴圖魯，父布查克追封一等承恩公） | 五格（費揚古子。雍正十三年十月辛卯襲一等公，世襲罔替） | 德保（五格子。官都統。乾隆十六年五月甲午襲，有罪，爵黜） | |||||||||
| 德祿（五格第二子。乾隆十九年十二月戊寅襲） | 嵩山（德祿孫。乾隆四十一年十二月癸丑襲，四十三年正月辛未改） | 承恆（嵩山子。嘉慶十八年十二月下未襲） | 繼善（承恆嗣子。道光六年十二月甲子襲） | 肇馨（繼善子。同治二年十二月壬辰襲） | 麟徵（肇馨子。光緒四年十二月壬辰襲） | 珠爾杭阿（麟徵子。光緒十二年十二月丙子襲） | |||||
| 孝聖憲皇后父凌柱（姓鈕祜祿氏，隸滿洲鑲黃旗，官四品典儀。雍正十三年十一月戊申追封一等承恩公，諡良榮。祖額亦騰、父英祿追封一等承恩公） | 伊通阿（凌柱子。乾隆十二年十二月戊子襲） | ||||||||||
| 伊松阿（凌柱次子。乾隆十八年十二月壬辰襲） | 觀音保（伊松阿子。乾隆四十三年十二月丁亥改襲三等承恩公） | 富僧額（觀音保子。嘉慶六年十二月戊午襲） | 盛福（富僧額子。嘉慶二十年十二月甲子襲） | 明存（盛福子。咸豐十一年十二月庚午襲） | 瑞興（明存子。同治九年十二月丁丑襲） | ||||||
| 孝賢純皇后父李榮保（姓富察氏，隸滿洲鑲黃旗，官察哈爾總管。乾隆二年追封一等承恩公，諡莊愍） | 富文（李榮保子。乾隆十二年五月癸丑襲） | 明瑞（富文子。乾隆十四年二月庚戌襲，二十四年三月進一等承恩毅勇公，三十三年改封一等誠嘉毅勇公，官將軍雲貴總督，征緬甸戰死，諡果烈） | |||||||||
| 奎林（明瑞弟。乾隆三十三年正辛卯襲，四十三年正月辛未改爲三等承恩武勇公，官成都將軍，卒，諡武毅） | |||||||||||
| 富玉（李榮保子，乾隆四十七年五月丁酉襲） | 明俊（富玉子，嘉慶四年十二月己亥襲） | 喜倫（明俊子，嘉慶十四年十二月丙申襲） | 春福（喜倫嗣子，道光十七年十二月乙丑襲） | 志鈞（春福嗣子，光緒十二年十二月甲戌襲） | |||||||
| 孝儀純皇后父清泰（姓魏佳氏，隸滿洲鑲黃旗官內管領，嘉慶二年四月庚子追封一等承恩公，清泰祖護軍校嗣興，父內務府大臣武士宜，追封三等承恩公） | 花沙布（清泰曾孫，嘉慶四年四月庚子晉封三等承恩公） | 安誠（花沙布子，道光八年十二月辛巳襲） | 恩榮（安誠子，咸豐七年十二月辛酉襲） | 瑞山（恩榮子） | |||||||
| 孝淑睿皇后父和爾經額（姓喜塔臘氏，隸滿洲正白旗。嘉慶元年二月甲辰追封三等承恩公） | 盛住（和爾經額長子。嘉慶四年六月庚子襲三等承恩公，有罪爵黜） | ||||||||||
| 孟住（盛柱弟。嘉慶十年十二月癸巳襲官廣州將軍，卒，諡敬慎） | 智林（孟住子。道光四年十二月壬申襲） | 崇端（智林嗣子。道光十一年十二月壬辰襲） | 裕輝（崇端子。同治三年十二辛巳襲） | 熙俊（裕輝嗣子。光緒十三年十二月丙申襲） | 承禔（熙俊嗣子。光緒二十七年十二月丙午襲） | ||||||
| 孝和睿皇后父恭阿拉（姓鈕鈷祿氏，隸滿洲鑲黃旗。嘉慶四年四月丙午晉封三等承恩公，官禮部尚書，卒，諡勤恪。父恭保，官筆帖式，追封三等承恩公） | 和世泰（恭阿拉子。嘉慶十八年三月癸巳襲。） | 崇恩（和世泰子。道光三十年改襲一等承恩侯） | 維慶（崇恩長孫。同治元年十二月癸巳襲官寧夏將軍，諡恪勤） | 信恪（維慶長子。光緒十四年十二月甲午襲） | 官箴（信恪子。） | ||||||
| 孝穆成皇后父布彥達賚（姓鈕鈷祿氏，隸滿洲鑲黃旗。官戶部尚書，道光元年八月辛亥追封三等承恩公，卒，諡恭勤） | 熙敏（布彥達賚子。道光元年九月乙丑襲） | 克興額（熙敏嗣子。道光九年十二月丙子襲） | 恩慶（克興額子。同治七年十二月乙未襲） | 英俊（恩慶嗣子。光緒二十七年十二月戊申襲） | |||||||
| 孝慎成皇后父舒服阿（姓佟佳氏，隸滿洲鑲黃旗，佟圖賴之後，已襲一等公。道光元年十月丁未晉封舒服阿子裕寬一等承恩侯。舒明阿卒，諡勤敏。舒明阿祖都統納穆圖、父散秩大臣嗣存並追己見，佟圖賴封爵） | 裕寬（舒明阿子。道光二年十月戊申襲一等承恩侯） | 廣林（裕寬子。道光十六年三月甲辰襲） | 克勤（廣林子。咸豐十一年十二月壬戌襲） | 偉功（克勤子。光緒十八年十二月壬寅襲） | |||||||
| 孝全成皇后父頤齡（姓鈕鈷祿氏，隸滿洲鑲黃旗，官乾清門二等侍衛。道光十四年十月庚戌追封一等承恩侯，諡榮僖） | 胡圖哩（頤齡子。道光二十四年十二月庚戌襲） | 文壽（胡圖哩長子。道光三十年七月甲辰改襲三等承恩公） | 慶麟（文壽嗣子。光緒十三年十二月戊戌襲） | ||||||||
| 孝靜成皇后父恩齡（姓博爾濟吉特氏，隸滿洲正黃旗。道光三十年五月戊申晉封一等子，咸豐間加封一等承恩侯，官兵部左侍郎，追封恩齡曾祖刑部員外郎崐山三等承恩公，諡簡勤；祖浙江島鎮同知興德三等承恩公，諡榮僖；父刑部員外郎花良阿，三等承恩公，諡敦敏） | 吉拉敏（恩齡子，早卒） | 承廕（恩齡孫。） | |||||||||
| 孝德顯皇后父富泰（姓薩克達氏，隸滿洲鑲黃旗，官太僕寺卿。道光三十年十一月戊辰追封三等承恩公，諡肅慎。同治元年八月戊辰追封富泰祖刑部尚書明山三等承恩公，諡端愨。父兵部員外郎祺昌三等承恩公，諡端和。） | 德懋（富泰嗣子。同治元年三月乙酉襲） | 鍾秀（德懋子。同治十一年十二月丁卯襲） | 璞玉（鍾秀嗣子。光緒三十一年甲戌襲） | ||||||||
| 孝貞顯皇后父穆揚阿（姓鈕祜祿氏，隸滿洲鑲黃旗，官廣西右江道。同治元年八月戊辰追封三等承恩公，諡榮敬。同日追封穆揚阿祖陝西綏鎮總兵，官策普坦，三等承恩公，諡端勤。父西寧辦事大臣福克精阿三等承恩公，諡端敏。） | 廣科（穆揚阿子。咸豐十一年十二月辛未襲，官杭州將軍，諡勤愨） | 恩壽（廣科子。光緒六年八月丁酉襲） | 榮泉（恩壽子。光緒三十年十二月辛酉襲） | ||||||||
| 孝欽顯皇后父惠徵（姓葉赫那拉氏，隸滿洲鑲黃旗。官安徽寧太池廣道。同治元年八月戊辰，追封三等承恩公，諡端恪。封惠徵祖父戶部員外郎吉朗阿三等承恩公，諡端勤。父刑部員外郎景瑞三等承恩公，諡莊勤。） | 照祥（惠徵長子。咸豐十一年十二月辛巳襲。官護軍統領。卒，諡恭愨。） | 德善（照祥子。光緒七年六月壬辰襲。） | |||||||||
| 孝哲毅皇后父崇綺（姓阿魯特氏，原隸蒙古正藍旗，改隸滿洲鑲黃旗。同治四年一甲第一名進士。官吏部尚書。卒，諡文節。後追削。同治十一年六月丙辰，晉封三等承恩公。） | 葆初（崇綺子。官散秩大臣。光緒十六年十二月壬子襲。） | 法亮（葆初嗣孫。光緒二十七年十二月甲辰襲。） | |||||||||
| 孝定景皇后父桂祥（惠徵子。官都統。光緒十四年十月己亥晉封三等承恩公。） | 德恆（桂祥子。） |
| First generation | Second generation | Third generation | Fourth generation | Fifth generation | Sixth generation | Seventh generation | Eighth generation | Ninth generation | Tenth generation | Eleventh generation | Twelfth generation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yangginu, father of Empress Xiaocigao (Nara clan; beile of Yehe). | |||||||||||
| Mangusi, father of Empress Xiaoduanwen (Borjigit clan; his family had long lived in the Middle Banner of the Left Wing of Khorchin). On gengyin of the sixth month of the second year of Chongde, he was posthumously enfeoffed as Prince Fu of the First Rank. | |||||||||||
| Zaisang, father of Empress Xiaozhuangwen (son of Mangusi). On renchen of the fifth month of the eleventh year of Shunzhi, he was posthumously granted the title Prince Zhong of the First Rank. | Manzhuxili (son of Zaisang). On yisi of the fifth month of the sixteenth year of Shunzhi, he was promoted and enfeoffed as Khorchin Dalhan, Batür Prince. | Hetuo (eldest son of Manzhuxili). On bingxu of the seventh month of the fourth year of Kangxi, he inherited the title, and the Batür designation was dropped. | Bandi (eldest son of Hetuo). On dingchou of the third month of the tenth year of Kangxi, he inherited the title. | Luobuzanggongbu (eldest son of Bandi). On yiwei of the eleventh month of the forty-ninth year of Kangxi, he inherited the title. | Setengbalezhu'er (third son of Luobuzanggongbu). He inherited the title in the seventeenth year of Qianlong; in the twentieth year he was found guilty of an offense and stripped of his rank. | ||||||
| Sewangnuo'erbu (second son of Luobuzanggongbu). He inherited the title in the twentieth year of Qianlong. | Wangzhaduo'erji (eldest son of Sewangnuo'erbu). He inherited the title in the thirty-ninth year of Qianlong. | Danzengwangbu (eldest son of Wangzhaduo'erji). He inherited the title in the third year of Jiaqing. | Buyanwendu'er (son of Danzengwangbu). He inherited the title in the thirteenth year of Jiaqing. | Suotenamupengsuke (son of Buyanwendu'er). He inherited the title in the eighteenth year of Daoguang. | Gunbuwangjile (son of Suotenamupengsuke). On xinsi of the second month of the thirteenth year of Tongzhi, he inherited the title. | Namujileseleng (son of Gunbuwangjile). He inherited the title in the tenth year of Guangxu. | |||||
| Chuo'erji, father of Empress Xiaohuizhang (son of Manzhuxili; Khorchin Duke Who Guards the State). On wushen of the tenth month of the first year of Kangxi, he was promoted and enfeoffed as beile. | Eji'er (eldest son of Chuo'erji). On wuxu of the twelfth month of the ninth year of Kangxi, he inherited the title. | Bakeshigu'er (eldest son of Eji'er). On yihai of the third month of the twenty-first year of Kangxi, he inherited the title. | Alabutan (eldest son of Bakeshigu'er). On dingwei of the twelfth month of the fifty-ninth year of Kangxi, he inherited the title. | Samupilezhamusu (fourth son of Alabutan). On renxu of the seventh month of the thirteenth year of Yongzheng, he inherited the title. | Sanyinchagun (adopted son of Samupilezhamusu). He inherited the title in the twenty-second year of Qianlong. | Selengduo'erji (son of Sanyinchagun). On renzi of the eighth month of the seventh year of Jiaqing, he inherited the title. | Gonggelabutan (son of Selengduo'erji). On gengyin of the thirty-first year of Daoguang, he inherited the title. | Sanglubuduo'tesai (son of Gonggelabutan). He inherited the title in the ninth year of Xianfeng. | |||
| Angakou (younger cousin of Sanglubuduo'tesai). On yiwei of the second month of the fifth year of Tongzhi, he inherited the title. | Jikedengdakezhaiwa (son of Angakou). He inherited the title in the tenth year of Guangxu. | Jikedengnuo'erbulinqinzhamsu (eldest son of Jikedengdakezhaiwa). He inherited the title in the thirty-second year of Guangxu. | |||||||||
| Tong Tuguai, father of Empress Xiaokangzhang (Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner; Minister of War and commandant-general; during the Kangxi reign posthumously enfeoffed as first-rank duke, granted Grand Preceptor, posthumous name Qinxiang). Tong Tuguai's father Tong Yangzhen held the hereditary rank of battalion commander; he was posthumously enfeoffed as first-rank duke with the posthumous name Zhonglie. | Tong Guogang (son of Tong Tuguai). In the eighth month of the sixth year of Kangxi he inherited the first-rank dukedom; campaigning against the Oirats, he fell in battle. He was granted the title Grand Preceptor with the posthumous name Zhongyong. | Elundai (son of Tong Guogang). He inherited the title in the twelfth month of the twenty-ninth year of Kangxi; in the fifth month of the third year of Yongzheng he was found guilty of an offense and stripped of his rank. | |||||||||
| Kuadai (son of Tong Guogang, younger brother of Elundai). He inherited the title in the fifth month of the third year of Yongzheng. | Namutu (son of Kuadai). He served as commandant-general and inherited the title in the ninth month of the eighth year of Yongzheng; upon his death he received the posthumous name Rongjing. | Sicun (son of Namutu). He served as minister without portfolio and inherited the title in the thirty-second year of Qianlong; upon his death he received the posthumous name Minxi. | Jinxi (son of Sicun). He inherited the title in the thirty-fourth year of Qianlong. | ||||||||
| Shuming'a (adopted son of Sicun; general of Hangzhou). He inherited the title in the thirty-ninth year of Qianlong; in the fortieth year his rank was changed to third-rank duke; upon his death he received the posthumous name Qinmin. | Yucheng (son of Shuming'a). | Kechang (son of Yucheng). | Kunlin (son of Kechang). | ||||||||
| Yigong (nephew of Kechang). On wushen of the twelfth month of the third year of Xuantong, he inherited the title. | |||||||||||
| Eshuo, father of Empress Xiaoxian (Donggo clan; Manchu Plain White Banner). In the second month of the fourteenth year of Shunzhi, he was promoted and enfeoffed as third-rank earl. | Feiyanggu (son of Eshuo). He inherited the title in the second month of the fifteenth year of Shunzhi; in the seventh month of the thirty-sixth year of Kangxi he was promoted to first-rank duke for military merit; upon his death he received the posthumous name Tingzhuang. | Chentai (son of Feiyanggu). He inherited at reduced rank as first-rank marquis; in the twelfth month of the fortieth year of Kangxi he was penalized and stripped of his title. | |||||||||
| Tuba (younger brother of Chentai). He inherited the title in the fifth month of the tenth year of Yongzheng. | Tusang'a (son of Tuba). He inherited the title in the tenth year of Qianlong. | ||||||||||
| Gabula, father of Empress Xiaochengren (Heseri clan; Manchu Plain Yellow Banner). In the twelfth month of the thirteenth year of Kangxi he was posthumously enfeoffed as first-rank duke with Junior Mentor of the Heir Apparent; upon his death he received the posthumous name Kexi. | Changtai (son of Gabula). He inherited the title in the first month of the twenty-first year of Kangxi but was later found guilty of an offense and stripped of his rank. | ||||||||||
| Lunbu (younger brother of Changtai). He inherited the first-rank dukedom in the tenth month of the fifth year of Yongzheng but was later found guilty and stripped of his title. | |||||||||||
| Da'erma (uncle of Lunbu). He inherited the title in the ninth year of Yongzheng and soon died. | |||||||||||
| Fa'erma (elder brother of Da'erma). On gengxu of the twelfth month of the ninth year of Yongzheng, he inherited the first-rank dukedom. | Shanbao (nephew of Fa'erma). On gengzi of the twelfth month of the twenty-third year of Qianlong he inherited the title; he was later stripped of rank for an offense, but in the fourth month of the forty-seventh year his title was restored. | Shuangfu (eldest son of Shanbao). On bingchen of the twelfth month of the twelfth year of Jiaqing, he inherited the title. | Lufeng (son of Shuangfu). On jimao of the twelfth month of the nineteenth year of Daoguang, he inherited the title. | Herui (adopted son of Lufeng). On dingsi of the twelfth month of the eighth year of Xianfeng, he inherited the title. | Yushan (son of Herui). On xinhai of the twelfth month of the sixth year of Guangxu, he inherited the title. | Xing'an (son of Yushan). On wuzi of the twelfth month of the fifteenth year of Guangxu, he inherited the title. | |||||
| A'erjing'a (uncle of Shanbao). On jiashen of the ninth month of the twenty-ninth year of Qianlong he inherited the title; in the forty-third year his rank was changed to third-rank duke; he was later stripped of rank for an offense. | |||||||||||
| Ebilun, father of Empress Xiaozhaoren (Niohuru clan; Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner; sixth son of Eidu). He served as Grand Minister of the Imperial Procession and Guard, Junior Guardian, regent, and Grand Preceptor. Campaigning in Shandong and Huguang, he earned merit, inherited the first-rank viscountcy, and was promoted to first-rank duke; upon his death he received the posthumous name Kexi. | Faka (son of Ebilun). He inherited the first-rank dukedom in the eighth month of the sixth year of Kangxi; in the twenty-fifth year he was found guilty and stripped of his title. | ||||||||||
| Tong Guowei, father of Empress Xiaoyiren (son of Tong Tuguai). He served as grand minister of the interior and during the Kangxi reign was enfeoffed as first-rank duke; upon his death he was granted the title Grand Preceptor with the posthumous name Duanchun. | Longkeduo (son of Tong Guowei). He inherited the title in the sixty-first year of Kangxi but was later found guilty and stripped of his rank. | ||||||||||
| Qingfu (younger brother of Longkeduo). He inherited the title in the sixth month of the fifth year of Yongzheng; in the twelfth year of Qianlong he was found guilty and succession was suspended. | |||||||||||
| Wei Wu, father of Empress Xiaogongren (Uya clan; Manchu Plain Yellow Banner; brigade commander of the guard). On guichou of the second month of the first year of Yongzheng, Wei Wu's grandfather Ebugen and his father were posthumously enfeoffed as grand ministers of the interior. | Boqi (son of Wei Wu). On guichou of the second month of the first year of Yongzheng, he inherited the first-rank dukedom. | Boyong (son of Boqi). On guiwei of the fourth month of the nineteenth year of Qianlong, he inherited the title. | Ximing (son of Boyong). On jiashen of the twelfth month of the twenty-third year of Qianlong, he inherited the title. | Zhifu (son of Ximing). He inherited the title during the Qianlong reign; in the forty-third year his rank was changed to third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace. | Jixiangbao (son of Zhifu). On yichou of the twelfth month of the fifth year of Jiaqing, he inherited the title. | Zengxi (son of Jixiangbao). On gengchen of the twelfth month of the twenty-eighth year of Daoguang, he inherited the title. | Ruixing (son of Zengxi). On bingwu of the twelfth month of the fifth year of Xianfeng, he inherited the title. | Zhensheng (adopted son of Ruixing). | |||
| Feiyanggu, father of Empress Xiaojingxian (Nara clan; Manchu Plain Yellow Banner; first-rank commandant of the metropolitan infantry brigade). On wuzi of the twelfth month of the first year of Yongzheng he was posthumously enfeoffed as first-rank marquis; on xinmao of the tenth month of the thirteenth year he was posthumously promoted to first-rank duke, and his grandfather Touna Batür and father Buchake were posthumously enfeoffed as first-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace. | Wuge (son of Feiyanggu). On xinmao of the tenth month of the thirteenth year of Yongzheng, he inherited the first-rank dukedom in perpetuity. | Debao (son of Wuge). He served as commandant-general and inherited the title on jiawu of the fifth month of the sixteenth year of Qianlong; he was later found guilty and stripped of his rank. | |||||||||
| Delu (second son of Wuge). On wuyin of the twelfth month of the nineteenth year of Qianlong, he inherited the title. | Songshan (grandson of Delu). On guichou of the twelfth month of the forty-first year of Qianlong he inherited the title; in the first month of the forty-third year his rank was adjusted. | Chengheng (son of Songshan). On dingwei of the twelfth month of the eighteenth year of Jiaqing, he inherited the title. | Jishan (adopted son of Chengheng). On jiazi of the twelfth month of the sixth year of Daoguang, he inherited the title. | Zhaoxin (son of Jishan). On renchen of the twelfth month of the second year of Tongzhi, he inherited the title. | Linzheng (son of Zhaoxin). On renchen of the twelfth month of the fourth year of Guangxu, he inherited the title. | Zhu'erhang'a (son of Linzheng). On bingzi of the twelfth month of the twelfth year of Guangxu, he inherited the title. | |||||
| Lingzhu, father of Empress Xiaoshengxian (Niohuru clan; Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner; fourth-rank master of ceremonies). On wushen of the eleventh month of the thirteenth year of Yongzheng he was posthumously enfeoffed as first-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace with the posthumous name Liangrong; his grandfather Eyiteng and father Yinglu were also posthumously enfeoffed as first-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace. | Yitong'a (son of Lingzhu). On wuzi of the twelfth month of the twelfth year of Qianlong, he inherited the title. | ||||||||||
| Yisong'a (second son of Lingzhu). On renchen of the twelfth month of the eighteenth year of Qianlong, he inherited the title. | Guanyinbao (son of Yisong'a). On dinghai of the twelfth month of the forty-third year of Qianlong, he inherited the title as third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace. | Fuseng'e (son of Guanyinbao). On wuwu of the twelfth month of the sixth year of Jiaqing, he inherited the title. | Shengfu (son of Fuseng'e). On jiazi of the twelfth month of the twentieth year of Jiaqing, he inherited the title. | Mingcun (son of Shengfu). On gengwu of the twelfth month of the eleventh year of Xianfeng, he inherited the title. | Ruixing (son of Mingcun). On dingchou of the twelfth month of the ninth year of Tongzhi, he inherited the title. | ||||||
| Li Rongbao, father of Empress Xiaoxianchun (Fuca clan; Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner; commandant of Chahar). In the second year of Qianlong he was posthumously enfeoffed as first-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace with the posthumous name Zhuangmin. | Fuwen (son of Li Rongbao). On guichou of the fifth month of the twelfth year of Qianlong, he inherited the title. | Mingrui (son of Fuwen). He inherited the title on gengxu of the second month of the fourteenth year of Qianlong; in the third month of the twenty-fourth year he was advanced to first-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace, Valiant and Brave; in the thirty-third year his title was changed to first-rank Duke Sincere and Commendable, Valiant and Brave. He served as general and governor-general of Yunnan-Guizhou and fell in battle campaigning in Burma; he received the posthumous name Guolie. | |||||||||
| Kuilin (younger brother of Mingrui). On xinmao of the first month of the thirty-third year of Qianlong he inherited the title; in the first month of the forty-third year his rank was changed to third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace, Martial and Brave. He served as general of Chengdu and upon his death received the posthumous name Wuyi. | |||||||||||
| Fuyu (son of Li Rongbao). On dingyou of the fifth month of the forty-seventh year of Qianlong, he inherited the title. | Mingjun (son of Fuyu). On jihai of the twelfth month of the fourth year of Jiaqing, he inherited the title. | Xilun (son of Mingjun). On bingshen of the twelfth month of the fourteenth year of Jiaqing, he inherited the title. | Chunfu (adopted son of Xilun). On yichou of the twelfth month of the seventeenth year of Daoguang, he inherited the title. | Zhijun (adopted son of Chunfu). On jiaxu of the twelfth month of the twelfth year of Guangxu, he inherited the title. | |||||||
| Qingtai, father of Empress Xiaoyichun (Weigiya clan; Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner; superintendent of the inner palace). On gengzi of the fourth month of the second year of Jiaqing he was posthumously enfeoffed as first-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace; his grandfather Sixin, a guardsman, and his father Wushiyi, minister of the Imperial Household Department, were posthumously enfeoffed as third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace. | Huashabu (great-grandson of Qingtai). On gengzi of the fourth month of the fourth year of Jiaqing, he was promoted and enfeoffed as third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace. | Ancheng (son of Huashabu). On xinsi of the twelfth month of the eighth year of Daoguang, he inherited the title. | Enrong (son of Ancheng). On xinyou of the twelfth month of the seventh year of Xianfeng, he inherited the title. | Ruishan (son of Enrong). | |||||||
| He'erjing'e, father of Empress Xiaoshuru (Xitala clan; Manchu Plain White Banner). On jiachen of the second month of the first year of Jiaqing, he was posthumously enfeoffed as third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace. | Shengzhu (eldest son of He'erjing'e). On gengzi of the sixth month of the fourth year of Jiaqing he inherited the title as third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace; he was later found guilty and stripped of his rank. | ||||||||||
| Mengzhu (younger brother of Shengzhu). On guisi of the twelfth month of the tenth year of Jiaqing he inherited the title and served as general of Guangzhou; upon his death he received the posthumous name Jingshen. | Zhilin (son of Mengzhu). On renshen of the twelfth month of the fourth year of Daoguang, he inherited the title. | Chongduan (adopted son of Zhilin). On renchen of the twelfth month of the eleventh year of Daoguang, he inherited the title. | Yuhui (son of Chongduan). On xinsi of the twelfth month of the third year of Tongzhi, he inherited the title. | Xijun (adopted son of Yuhui). On bingshen of the twelfth month of the thirteenth year of Guangxu, he inherited the title. | Chengdi (adopted son of Xijun). On bingwu of the twelfth month of the twenty-seventh year of Guangxu, he inherited the title. | ||||||
| Gong'ala, father of Empress Xiaoherui (Niohuru clan; Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner). On bingwu of the fourth month of the fourth year of Jiaqing he was promoted to third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace; he served as Minister of Rites and upon his death received the posthumous name Qinke. His father Gongbao, a clerk, was posthumously enfeoffed as third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace. | Heshitai (son of Gong'ala). On guisi of the third month of the eighteenth year of Jiaqing, he inherited the title. | Chong'en (son of Heshitai). In the thirtieth year of Daoguang he inherited the title as first-rank Marquis Who Receives Imperial Grace. | Weiqing (eldest grandson of Chong'en). On guisi of the twelfth month of the first year of Tongzhi he inherited the title and served as general of Ningxia; he received the posthumous name Keqin. | Xinke (eldest son of Weiqing). On jiawu of the twelfth month of the fourteenth year of Guangxu, he inherited the title. | Guanzhen (son of Xinke). | ||||||
| Buyandakai, father of Empress Xiaomucheng (Niohuru clan; Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner; Minister of Revenue). On xinhai of the eighth month of the first year of Daoguang he was posthumously enfeoffed as third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace; upon his death he received the posthumous name Gongqin. | Ximin (son of Buyandakai). On yichou of the ninth month of the first year of Daoguang, he inherited the title. | Kexing'e (adopted son of Ximin). On bingzi of the twelfth month of the ninth year of Daoguang, he inherited the title. | Enqing (son of Kexing'e). On yiwei of the twelfth month of the seventh year of Tongzhi, he inherited the title. | Yingjun (adopted son of Enqing). On wushen of the twelfth month of the twenty-seventh year of Guangxu, he inherited the title. | |||||||
| Shuming'a, father of Empress Xiaoshencheng (Tunggiya clan; Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner; descendant of Tong Tuguai, who had already inherited the first-rank dukedom). On dingwei of the tenth month of the first year of Daoguang, his son Yukuan was promoted to first-rank Marquis Who Receives Imperial Grace. Shuming'a died with the posthumous name Qinmin. His grandfather Namutu, commandant-general, and his father Sicun, minister without portfolio, were posthumously enfeoffed as already recorded; Tong Tuguai's enfeoffment is also noted. | Yukuan (son of Shuming'a). On wushen of the tenth month of the second year of Daoguang, he inherited the first-rank Marquis Who Receives Imperial Grace. | Guanglin (son of Yukuan). On jiachen of the third month of the sixteenth year of Daoguang, he inherited the title. | Keqin (son of Guanglin). On renxu of the twelfth month of the eleventh year of Xianfeng, he inherited the title. | Weigong (son of Keqin). On renyin of the twelfth month of the eighteenth year of Guangxu, he inherited the title. | |||||||
| Yiling, father of Empress Xiaoquancheng (Niohuru clan; Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner; second-rank guard of the Gate of Heavenly Purity). On gengxu of the tenth month of the fourteenth year of Daoguang he was posthumously enfeoffed as first-rank Marquis Who Receives Imperial Grace with the posthumous name Rongxi. | Hutuli (son of Yiling). On gengxu of the twelfth month of the twenty-fourth year of Daoguang, he inherited the title. | Wenshou (eldest son of Hutuli). On jiachen of the seventh month of the thirtieth year of Daoguang, he inherited the title as third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace. | Qinglin (adopted son of Wenshou). On wuxu of the twelfth month of the thirteenth year of Guangxu, he inherited the title. | ||||||||
| Enling, father of Empress Xiaojingcheng (Borjigit clan; Manchu Plain Yellow Banner). On wushen of the fifth month of the thirtieth year of Daoguang he was promoted to first-rank viscount; during the Xianfeng reign he was further enfeoffed as first-rank Marquis Who Receives Imperial Grace and served as vice-president of the Ministry of War. His great-grandfather Kunshan, a vice director in the Ministry of Punishments, was posthumously enfeoffed as third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace with the posthumous name Jianqin; his grandfather Xingde, subprefect of Daozhen in Zhejiang, as third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace with the posthumous name Rongxi; and his father Hualiang'a, a vice director in the Ministry of Punishments, as third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace with the posthumous name Dunmin. | Jilamin (son of Enling), who died young. | Chengyin (grandson of Enling). | |||||||||
| Futai, father of Empress Xiaodexian (Sakda clan; Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner; director of the Court of the Imperial Stud). On wuchen of the eleventh month of the thirtieth year of Daoguang he was posthumously enfeoffed as third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace with the posthumous name Sushin. On wuchen of the eighth month of the first year of Tongzhi, his grandfather Mingshan, Minister of Punishments, was posthumously enfeoffed as third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace with the posthumous name Duankuo, and his father Qichang, a vice director in the Ministry of War, as third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace with the posthumous name Duanhe. | Demao (adopted son of Futai). On yiyou of the third month of the first year of Tongzhi, he inherited the title. | Zhongxiu (son of Demao). On dingmao of the twelfth month of the eleventh year of Tongzhi, he inherited the title. | Puyu (adopted son of Zhongxiu). On jiaxu of the thirty-first year of Guangxu, he inherited the title. | ||||||||
| Muyang'a, father of Empress Xiaozhenxian (Niohuru clan; Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner; intendant of the Right River Circuit in Guangxi). On wuchen of the eighth month of the first year of Tongzhi he was posthumously enfeoffed as third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace with the posthumous name Rongjing. On the same day, his grandfather Ceputan, regional commander of Shaanxi, was posthumously enfeoffed as third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace with the posthumous name Duanqin, and his father Fukejing'a, commissioner of Xining, as third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace with the posthumous name Duanmin. | Guangke (son of Muyang'a). On xinwei of the twelfth month of the eleventh year of Xianfeng he inherited the title and served as general of Hangzhou; he received the posthumous name Qinque. | Enshou (son of Guangke). On dingyou of the eighth month of the sixth year of Guangxu, he inherited the title. | Rongquan (son of Enshou). On xinyou of the twelfth month of the thirtieth year of Guangxu, he inherited the title. | ||||||||
| Huizheng, father of Empress Xiaojinxian (Yehe Nara clan; Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner; intendant of Ningtai-Chiguang Circuit in Anhui). On wuchen of the eighth month of the first year of Tongzhi he was posthumously enfeoffed as third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace with the posthumous name Duanke. His grandfather Jilang'a, a vice director in the Ministry of Revenue, was enfeoffed as third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace with the posthumous name Duanqin, and his father Jingrui, a vice director in the Ministry of Punishments, as third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace with the posthumous name Zhuangqin. | Zhaoxiang (eldest son of Huizheng). On xinsi of the twelfth month of the eleventh year of Xianfeng he inherited the title and served as commandant of the guard; upon his death he received the posthumous name Gongque. | Deshan (son of Zhaoxiang). On renchen of the sixth month of the seventh year of Guangxu, he inherited the title. | |||||||||
| Chongqi, father of Empress Xiaozheyi (Alute clan; originally Mongol Plain Blue Banner, later Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner). In the fourth year of Tongzhi he placed first in the first class of the metropolitan examination and served as Minister of Personnel; he died with the posthumous name Wenjie, which was later stripped; on bingchen of the sixth month of the eleventh year of Tongzhi he was promoted to third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace. | Baochu (son of Chongqi). He served as minister without portfolio and inherited the title on renzi of the twelfth month of the sixteenth year of Guangxu. | Faliang (adopted grandson of Baochu). On jiachen of the twelfth month of the twenty-seventh year of Guangxu, he inherited the title. | |||||||||
| Guixiang, father of Empress Xiaodingjing (son of Huizheng). He served as commandant-general; on jihai of the tenth month of the fourteenth year of Guangxu he was promoted to third-rank Duke Who Receives Imperial Grace. | Deheng (son of Guixiang). |