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卷213 表五十三 交聘年表二 各国遣驻使

Volume 213 Tables 53: Diplomatic Missions Chronological Table 2, Foreign Envoys in China

Chapter 213 of 清史稿 · Draft History of Qing
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俄英法美德瑞。那丹和日比義奧日本秘魯巴西葡剛果韓墨
咸豐十一年辛酉把留捷克（五月任。是爲俄派駐使之始。）卜魯斯（是爲英派駐使之始。）布爾布隆（是爲法派駐使之始。）
同治元年壬戌把留捷克卜魯斯布爾布隆蒲安臣列斐士
哥士耆（署。）
同治二年癸亥把留捷克（四月回國）卜魯斯哥士耆（二月回國）蒲安臣列斐士
格凌喀（四月署）柏爾德密（任）
倭良嘎哩（四月任）
同治三年甲子倭良嘎哩卜魯斯（五月回國）柏爾德密蒲安臣列斐士（回國）
威妥瑪（五月以參贊署）德登賁（十一月署）
同治四年乙丑倭良嘎哩威妥瑪柏爾德密（五月回國）蒲安臣（四月回國）德登賁
阿禮國（八月任）伯洛內（五月以參贊署）衛廉士（四月以副使署）
同治五年丙寅倭良嘎哩阿禮國伯洛內蒲安臣德登賁金德俄固斯德（由訂約專使改派，是爲比利時派駐使之始。）
同治六年丁卯倭良嘎哩阿禮國伯洛內蒲安臣（十月回國）德登賁金德俄固斯德
蘭盟（四月任）衛廉士（十月以副使署）
同治七年戊辰倭良嘎哩阿禮國蘭盟（九月回國）衛廉士（卸署）德登賁克維度（四月派，是爲日斯巴尼亞駐使之始）金德俄固斯德
羅淑亞（九月以參贊署）文羅斯（八月任）
同治八年己巳倭良嘎哩（三月卸）阿禮國（九月回國）羅淑亞勞文羅斯（六月回國）德登賁克維度（三月回國，由法使代）金德俄固斯德費三多
布策（三月署）傅磊斯（九月以參贊署）衛廉士（六月以副使署）
同治九年庚午布策（卸）威妥瑪（署）羅淑亞衛廉士（卸署）德登賁羅淑亞（卸）金德俄固斯德（八月回國）費三多（十月出京）
倭良嘎哩（十月回任）鏤斐迪（任）巴周德（五月任，十月假歸）
倭澤（十月以參贊署）
同治十年辛未倭良嘎哩威妥瑪（六月實授）羅淑亞鏤斐迪（二月赴朝鮮）德登賁倭澤（九月回國）費三多（二月回任）嘉理治（九月任，是爲奧派駐使之始。按，奧使兼日本、暹羅，向駐東京。）
衛廉士（以副使暫代）安訥克（五月署。是年布魯斯改爲德意志）白來辣（九月任）
鏤斐迪（八月回京）
同治十一年壬申倭良嘎哩威妥瑪（代，旋回京）羅淑亞（卸署）鏤斐迪安訥克（卸署）白來辣（七月任，九月病歸）費三多嘉理治副島種臣（五月任，閏六月回國，由俄使代辦。是爲日本派駐使之始）
熱福理（任）李福斯（署）丁美霞（十月署）
同治十二年癸酉倭良嘎哩（二月回國）威妥瑪熱福理鏤斐迪（閏六月回國）李福斯（三月回國）費果蓀（四月由滬抵京任，是爲和蘭派駐使之始）丁美霞謝惠施（四月任）費三多嘉理治
凱陽德（二月以副使署）衛廉士（六月以副使署）和立本（任）
同治十三年甲戌凱陽德（卸）威妥瑪熱福理（九月回國）衛廉士（卸署）和立本拉斯勒福（十月任，寓俄使署。是爲丹派駐使之始）費果蓀丁美霞謝惠施（四月派任）費三多（九月由國回任）嘉理治柳原前光（任。十月回國。）
布策（正月任）羅淑亞（九月以參贊署）艾忭敏（九月任）鄭永寧（十月以書記官署）
光緒元年乙亥布策威妥瑪羅淑亞艾忭敏（十月卒）和立本（卸）拉斯勒福（五月赴日本，俄使布策代辦。十月回國，由布策兼攝。）費果蓀丁美霞謝惠施費三多嘉理治（四月回國）森有禮（十二月任）愛勒謨（是年任。是爲秘魯派駐使之始）
何天爵（十月以參贊署）巴蘭德（任）法樂德（四月任，九月回國。）
賈思理（九月暫署）
赫海達（十月特派署）
光緒二年丙子布策威妥瑪（九月因事回國）羅淑亞（五月卸）西華（正月任）巴蘭德費果蓀白訥託謝惠施費三多史福禮森有禮（四月回國）愛勒謨（閏五月因事回國，由美使西華暫代）
傅磊斯（九月以參贊署）赫捷德（五月以參贊署）鄭永寧（四月以書記官署）
白羅呢（七月任）
光緒三年丁丑布策傅磊斯白羅呢西華巴蘭德費果蓀伊巴里（任。十月赴暹羅，由德使巴蘭德暫代）謝惠施費三多（卸）史福禮（四月卸，由德使巴蘭德暫代）鄭永寧（八月卸）西華
博海德（任）森有禮（八月回任）
光緒四年戊寅布策（二月假回國）傅磊斯白羅呢西華（五月假回國）巴蘭德費果蓀伊巴里（六月由暹羅回任）謝惠施（五月假回）博海德巴蘭德（是年仍代）森有禮（三月卸）西華（七月卸）
凱陽德（以副使署）何天爵（五月以參贊署）謝武伯（五月署）鄭永寧（三月以書記官署）愛勒謨（七月回任）
光緒五年己卯凱陽德傅磊斯（五月卸）白羅呢（閏三月卸）何天爵（五月卸）巴蘭德費果蓀伊巴里（三月回國）謝武伯（八月更名謝惠施）盧嘎（閏三月任義使，向兼使日本，專派駐京，自是始。）何福爾（九月任，十月回國）□戶璣（閏三月任）愛勒謨
威妥瑪（五月由國回任）巴特納（閏三月以參贊署）西華（五月由國回任）倭澤（三月以參贊署）
光緒六年庚辰凱陽德威妥瑪巴特納（卸）西華（卸）巴蘭德費果蓀倭澤（卸）謝惠施盧嘎何福爾□戶璣
寶海（五月任）安吉立（七月任）伊巴里（四月由國回任，九月卒）
光緒七年辛巳布策威妥瑪寶海安吉立（八月卸）巴蘭德費果蓀羅德理（六月任）諾丹福（四月任）盧嘎何福爾□戶璣
何天爵（八月署）
光緒八年壬午布策（九月卸）威妥瑪（七月卸）寶海何天爵巴蘭德費果蓀羅德理諾丹福盧嘎何福爾（七月卸，由德使巴蘭德暫代）□戶璣（卸任）
韋貝（九月以天津領事署）格維訥（七月以參贊署）楊約翰（七月任）榎本武揚（九月任）
光緒九年癸未博白傅（九月任）格維訥（卸）寶海（四月卸）楊約翰巴蘭德（二月病回國）費果蓀羅德理（二月病回國）諾丹福盧嘎（二月假回國，由德使譚敦邦暫代）薩魯斯齊榎本武揚（十一月假回國）
巴夏禮（八月任）謝滿祿（四月以參贊署）譚敦邦（二月以參贊署）吳禮巴（二月以參贊署）吉田二郎（十一月以書記官署）
德理固（六月任）
光緒十年甲申博白傅巴夏禮德理固楊約翰巴蘭德費果蓀吳禮巴諾丹福（正月卸）盧嘎（四月由國回任，更名盧嘉德）薩魯斯齊榎本武揚（七月由國回任）
巴特納（閏五月任）薩時鐸（閏五月任）米師麗（正月以參贊署）
光緒十一年乙酉博白傅巴夏禮（二月卒）巴特納（九月卸）楊約翰（二月卸）巴蘭德費果蓀（二月病回國）薩時鐸米師麗（卸）盧嘉德薩魯斯齊榎本武揚（八月卸）
格維訥（二月以參贊署）戈可當（任）石米德（二月署）維禮用（四月任）品田允則（八月署）
田貝（八月任）
光緒十二年丙戌博白傅（二月卸）格維訥（卸）戈可當（五月卸）田貝巴蘭德費果蓀薩時鐸（三月卸）維禮用盧嘉德（二月病回國）薩魯斯齊品田允則（卸）
拉德仁（二月以參贊署）華爾身（五月任）愷自邇（五月任）鄂尼思（三月以參贊署）蘭家麗（二月署）鹽三郎（三月任）
庫滿（十月任）恭思當（八月任）羅德理（六月任）
光緒十三年丁亥庫滿華爾身恭思當（七月卸）田貝巴蘭德費果蓀羅德理維禮用（四月假回國）蘭家麗（卸）薩魯斯齊鹽田三郎（閏三月假回國，以參贊梶山鼎介代辦，十月回任）
蘇阿爾（七月署）盧嘉德（三月由國回任）
李梅（十月署）
光緒十四年戊子庫滿華爾身李梅田貝巴蘭德費果蓀羅德理維禮用盧嘉德薩魯斯齊鹽田三郎
光緒十五年己丑庫滿華爾身李梅田貝巴蘭德（三月假回國）費果蓀（八月假回國）羅德理（三月卸）維禮用盧嘉德（三月卒）薩魯斯齊鹽田三郎（四月卒）
來因（八月任）鄂尼思（四月以參贊署，九月卒）賈雅第（四月署）大島圭介（五月任）
羅鄰德（九月以參贊署）
吳禮巴（十二月署）
光緒十六年庚寅庫滿（閏二月病回國）華爾身李梅（八月回國）田貝巴蘭德費果蓀（七月由國回任）吳禮巴維禮用（八月卸）潘薩（三月任）薩魯斯齊大島圭介
□雷明（二月以參贊署）林春（八月署）米師麗（八月署）
光緒十七年辛卯□雷明華爾身李梅（九月由國回任）田貝巴蘭德費果蓀吳禮巴（五月奉調）米師麗潘薩畢格哩本（八月任）大島圭介
喀希尼（九月任）阿嶽樂（六月署）陸彌業（六月署）
光緒十八年壬辰喀希尼華爾身（八月卸）李梅田貝巴蘭德費果蓀德拉拔（六月任）陸彌業（二月實授，九月假回國）潘薩畢格哩本（六月假回國）大島圭介
歐格訥（十月任）米師麗（九月以參贊署）古典和福（六月以參贊署）
光緒十九年癸巳喀希尼歐格訥李梅田貝巴蘭德（二月卸）費果蓀德拉拔陸彌業（十月由國回任）潘薩（二月卸）畢格哩本（五月由國回任，十月仍回）大島圭介（四月卸）
師特恩博（二月以參贊署）嘎釐納（二月以參贊署）古典和福（十月以參贊署）橋口直古衛門（四月以參贊署）
紳珂（五月任）小村壽太郎（十月署）
光緒二十年甲午喀希尼歐格訥李梅（二月卸）田貝紳珂費果蓀（十一月假回國，由德使紳珂暫代）德拉拔（六月卸）陸彌業嘎釐納（卸）古典和福小村壽太郎（七月回國）
施阿蘭（二月任）梁威理（六月以參贊署）巴爾迪（四月任）
光緒二十一年乙未喀希尼歐格訥（卸任）施阿蘭田貝紳珂克羅伯（九月任）葛羅幹（八月任）陸彌業巴爾迪比田布祿古林董（閏五月，以和議成，復派駐使，任。）
竇訥樂（任）
光緒二十二年丙申喀希尼（八月卸）竇訥樂施阿蘭田貝紳珂（五月卸）克羅伯（正月假回國，由德使暫代，十月回任）葛羅幹（十月假回國，一月以參贊署）陸彌業（三月假回國，尋卒）巴爾迪（九月卸）訥色恩（十月派，署）林董（九月卸）
巴布羅福（八月以參贊署）貝威士（五月以參贊）米師麗（三月以參贊署）威達雷（九月以參贊署）內田康哉（九月以參贊署）
靖海（七月任）費葛（八月任）
光緒二十三年丁酉巴布羅福竇訥樂施阿蘭（六月回國）田貝靖海柏固（八月任，兼使日本）克羅伯葛羅幹費葛威達雷羅士恆（署）內田康哉
呂班（六月署）薩爾瓦（署）齊幹（三月任）矢野文雄（五月任）
光緒二十四年戊戌巴布羅福竇訥樂呂班田貝（卸）靖海柏固克羅伯葛羅幹費葛薩爾瓦齊幹矢野文雄
格爾思（十月任）畢盛（三月任）康格（五月任）馬迪訥（八月任）
光緒二十五年己亥格爾思竇訥樂畢盛康格靖海（四月回國）克羅伯葛羅幹費葛（三月回國）馬迪訥（二月回國，英使竇訥樂暫代）齊幹矢野文雄（十月回國）
貝威士（四月署）賈爾牒（三月署）薩爾瓦（六月任）西德二郎（十月任）
克林德（任）
光緒二十六年庚子格爾思竇訥樂畢盛康格克林德（五月被戕）克羅伯葛羅幹姚士登（四月任）薩爾瓦齊幹西德二郎（十一月回國）
小村壽太郎（十一月任）
光緒二十七年辛丑格爾思（八月回國）竇訥樂（調日本）鮑渥康格穆默（任。九月假出京）克羅伯葛羅幹姚士登薩爾瓦（八月回國）齊幹小村壽太郎（十月回國）
雷薩爾（八月任）薩道義（任）葛爾士（九月署）羅瑪訥（八月署）內田康哉（十月任）
光緒二十八年壬寅雷薩爾薩道義（十一月假歸）鮑渥（五月回國）康格穆默（回任）克羅伯（回國）葛羅幹（回國）姚士登羅瑪訥（二月卸）齊幹內田康哉白朗穀朴齊純（十月任。是爲韓派駐使之始）
燾訥里（十一月署）賈斯訥（五月署）羅敦（署）賈思理（署）嘎釐訥（二月任）
光緒二十九年癸卯雷薩爾薩道義（回任）呂班康格穆默希特斯（九月任）賈思理姚士登嘎釐訥齊幹內田康哉白朗穀朴齊純（十二月回國）
巴樂禮（十一月任）朴台榮（署）
光緒三十年甲辰雷薩爾薩道義呂班康格穆默希特斯賈思理姚士登（六月回國）巴樂禮齊幹內田康哉白朗穀朴台榮（卸）
葛飛業（六月任）閔泳喆（二月任）
光緒三十一年乙巳雷薩爾（三月卒）薩道義呂班康格（四月回國）穆默希特斯賈思理葛飛業巴樂禮齊幹內田康哉白朗穀閔泳喆胡爾達（五月任護理駐使）
璞科第（五月任）柔克義（五月任）阿梅達（署）
光緒三十二年丙午璞科第薩道義（回國）呂班（回國）柔克義穆默（三月回國）希特斯賈思理博賚爾（正月署）巴樂禮齊幹內田康哉（回國）白朗穀胡爾達
朱邇典（十月任）巴思德（五月任）葛爾士（署）柯霓雅（九月任）訥巴恩（正月署）林權助（六月任）阿梅達
雷克司（十月任）
光緒三十三年丁未璞科第朱邇典呂班柔克義雷克司希特斯賈思理葛飛業巴樂禮齊幹林權助白朗穀胡爾達
光緒三十四年戊申璞科第朱邇典呂班（十一月回國）柔克義雷克司倭倫白希特斯賈思理葛飛業巴樂禮顧覲斯基（正月任）林權助（五月回國）白朗穀胡爾達
廓索維慈（八月任）文吉（二月任）伊集院彥吉（五月任）
宣統元年己酉廓索維慈朱邇典潘蓀納（署）柔克義雷克司倭倫白貝拉斯賈思理柯霓雅文吉顧覲斯基伊集院彥吉柏德羅胡爾達
宣統二年庚戌廓索維慈朱邇典潘蓀納柔克義（回國）雷克司倭倫白貝拉斯賈思理柯霓雅（卸）文吉顧覲斯基伊集院彥吉柏德羅胡爾達
嘉樂恆（七月任）博賚爾（六月署）巴哲格
賈思牒（九月任）
宣統三年辛亥廓索維慈朱邇典潘蓀納嘉樂恆雷克司倭倫白貝拉斯賈思理賈思牒斯茀爾紮（六月任）顧覲斯基伊集院彥吉柏德羅巴哲格
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Eleventh year of the Xianfeng reign (1861), cyclical year xinyouIgnatyev (took office in the fifth month; this marked the beginning of Russia's posting of resident ministers to China)Bruce (this marked the beginning of Britain's posting of resident ministers to China)Bourboulon (this marked the beginning of France's posting of resident ministers to China)
First year of the Tongzhi reign (1862), cyclical year renxuIgnatyevBruceBourboulonBurlingameEulenburg
Cousin (acting)
Second year of the Tongzhi reign (1863), cyclical year guihaiIgnatyev (returned home in the fourth month)BruceCousin (returned home in the second month)BurlingameEulenburg
Glyn (served as chargé from the fourth month)Berthemy (appointed)
Olarovskii (took office in the fourth month)
Third year of the Tongzhi reign (1864), cyclical year jiaziOlarovskiiBruce (returned home in the fifth month)BerthemyBurlingameEulenburg (returned home)
Wade (from the fifth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)von Brandt (served as chargé from the eleventh month)
Fourth year of the Tongzhi reign (1865), cyclical year yichouOlarovskiiWadeBerthemy (returned home in the fifth month)Burlingame (returned home in the fourth month)von Brandt
Alcock (took office in the eighth month)de Bellonet (from the fifth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)Williams (from the fourth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as vice-minister)
Fifth year of the Tongzhi reign (1866), cyclical year bingyinOlarovskiiAlcockde BellonetBurlingamevon BrandtKeteleer (reassigned from his post as treaty commissioner; this marked the beginning of Belgium's posting of resident ministers to China)
Sixth year of the Tongzhi reign (1867), cyclical year dingmaoOlarovskiiAlcockde BellonetBurlingame (returned home in the tenth month)von BrandtKeteleer
Lemaire (took office in the fourth month)Williams (from the tenth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as vice-minister)
Seventh year of the Tongzhi reign (1868), cyclical year wuchenOlarovskiiAlcockLemaire (returned home in the ninth month)Williams (relieved of his chargé duties)von BrandtCórdova (dispatched in the fourth month; this marked the beginning of Spain's posting of resident ministers to China)Keteleer
de Roches (from the ninth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)Vlangali (took office in the eighth month)
Eighth year of the Tongzhi reign (1869), cyclical year jisiOlarovskii (left office in the third month)Alcock (returned home in the ninth month)de RochesLowell (returned home in the sixth month)von BrandtCórdova (returned home in the third month; his duties were assumed by the French minister)KeteleerFerdinand
Boutzé (served as chargé from the third month)Parkes (from the ninth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)Williams (from the sixth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as vice-minister)
Ninth year of the Tongzhi reign (1870), cyclical year gengwuBoutzé (relieved of his chargé duties)Wade (acting)de RochesWilliams (relieved of his chargé duties)von Brandtde Roches (left office)Keteleer (returned home in the eighth month)Ferdinand (departed Beijing in the tenth month)
Olarovskii (returned to his post in the tenth month)Seward (appointed)Baud (took office in the fifth month and returned home on leave in the tenth month)
Otori (from the tenth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)
Tenth year of the Tongzhi reign (1871), cyclical year xinweiOlarovskiiWade (was formally appointed minister in the sixth month)de RochesSeward (proceeded to Korea in the second month)von BrandtOtori (returned home in the ninth month)Ferdinand (returned to his post in the second month)Grill (took office in the ninth month; this marked the beginning of Austria's posting of resident ministers to China. Note: the Austrian minister also covered Japan and Siam and was normally stationed in Tokyo.)
Williams (temporarily acted in his capacity as vice-minister)Ancker (served as chargé from the fifth month. That year the Prussian legation became the German legation.)Blarel (took office in the ninth month)
Seward (returned to Beijing in the eighth month)
Eleventh year of the Tongzhi reign (1872), cyclical year renshenOlarovskiiWade (acted in his stead, then soon returned to Beijing)de Roches (relieved of his chargé duties)SewardAncker (relieved of his chargé duties)Blarel (took office in the seventh month and returned home on account of illness in the ninth month)FerdinandGrillSoejima Taneomi (took office in the fifth month and returned home in the intercalary sixth month, after which the Russian minister handled affairs in his stead; this marked the beginning of Japan's posting of resident ministers to China)
Gérofi (appointed)Rives (acting)de Mijer (served as chargé from the tenth month)
Twelfth year of the Tongzhi reign (1873), cyclical year guiyouOlarovskii (returned home in the second month)WadeGérofiSeward (returned home in the intercalary sixth month)Rives (returned home in the third month)Ferguson (arrived from Shanghai in the fourth month and took office; this marked the beginning of the Netherlands' posting of resident ministers to China)de MijerZayas (took office in the fourth month)FerdinandGrill
Keyser (from the second month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as vice-minister)Williams (from the sixth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as vice-minister)von Holleben (appointed)
Thirteenth year of the Tongzhi reign (1874), cyclical year jiaxuKeyser (relieved of his chargé duties)WadeGérofi (returned home in the ninth month)Williams (relieved of his chargé duties)von HollebenRasmusson (took office in the tenth month and was lodged at the Russian legation; this marked the beginning of Denmark's posting of resident ministers to China)Fergusonde MijerZayas (was dispatched and appointed in the fourth month)Ferdinand (returned from abroad and resumed his post in the ninth month)GrillYanagiwara Akira (was appointed and returned home in the tenth month)
Boutzé (took office in the first month)de Roches (from the ninth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)Eckennert (took office in the ninth month)Tei Ei-nei (from the tenth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as secretary)
First year of the Guangxu reign (1875), cyclical year yihaiBoutzéWadede RochesEckennert (died in the tenth month)von Holleben (left office)Rasmusson (proceeded to Japan in the fifth month while Russian minister Boutzé handled affairs in his stead; he returned home in the tenth month, after which Boutzé assumed his duties as well)Fergusonde MijerZayasFerdinandGrill (returned home in the fourth month)Mori Arinori (took office in the twelfth month)Ellerm (was appointed that year; this marked the beginning of Peru's posting of resident ministers to China)
Holcombe (from the tenth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)von Brandt (appointed)Friedländer (took office in the fourth month and returned home in the ninth month)
Gaslee (served temporarily as chargé in the ninth month)
Heyden (was specially dispatched to serve as chargé in the tenth month)
Second year of the Guangxu reign (1876), cyclical year bingziBoutzéWade (returned home in the ninth month on official business)de Roches (left office in the fifth month)Seward (took office in the first month)von BrandtFergusonBenedettiZayasFerdinandStäubleMori Arinori (returned home in the fourth month)Ellerm (returned home in the intercalary fifth month on official business and was temporarily replaced by American minister Seward)
Parkes (from the ninth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)Heyking (from the fifth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)Tei Ei-nei (from the fourth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as secretary)
Blanc (took office in the seventh month)
Third year of the Guangxu reign (1877), cyclical year dingchouBoutzéParkesBlancSewardvon BrandtFergusonvon Ibell (took office; in the tenth month proceeded to Siam and was temporarily replaced by German minister von Brandt)ZayasFerdinand (relieved of office)Stäuble (left office in the fourth month and was temporarily replaced by German minister von Brandt)Tei Ei-nei (left office in the eighth month)Seward
Bohle (took office)Mori Arinori (returned to his post in the eighth month)
Fourth year of the Guangxu reign (1878), cyclical year wuyinBoutzé (returned home on leave in the second month)ParkesBlancSeward (returned home on leave in the fifth month)von BrandtFergusonvon Ibell (returned from Siam and resumed his post in the sixth month)Zayas (returned home on leave in the fifth month)Bohlevon Brandt (continued to serve as substitute that year)Mori Arinori (left office in the third month)Seward (relieved of his substitute duties in the seventh month)
Keyser (served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as vice-minister)Holcombe (from the fifth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)Zayas (served as chargé from the fifth month)Tei Ei-nei (from the third month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as secretary)Ellerm (returned to his post in the seventh month)
Fifth year of the Guangxu reign (1879), cyclical year jimaoKeyserParkes (relieved of his chargé duties in the fifth month)Blanc (left office in the intercalary third month)Holcombe (relieved of his chargé duties in the fifth month)von BrandtFergusonvon Ibell (returned home in the third month)Zayas (in the eighth month his recorded Chinese name changed from Xie Wubo to Xie Huishi)Luigi (appointed minister in the intercalary third month; having previously also served as minister to Japan, Italy now posted a minister resident solely to Beijing—the first such posting)Hofer (took office in the ninth month and returned home in the tenth month)Tokizuka (name damaged in source; appointed in the intercalary third month)Ellerm
Wade (returned from home and resumed his post in the fifth month)Button (from the intercalary third month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)Seward (returned from home and resumed his post in the fifth month)Otori (from the third month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)
Sixth year of the Guangxu reign (1880), cyclical year gengchenKeyserWadeButton (relieved of his chargé duties)Seward (relieved of his chargé duties)von BrandtFergusonOtori (relieved of his chargé duties)ZayasLuigiHoferTokizuka (name damaged in source)
Ballu (took office in the fifth month)Zanelli (took office in the seventh month)von Ibell (returned from home and resumed his post in the fourth month; died in the ninth month)
Seventh year of the Guangxu reign (1881), cyclical year xinsiBoutzéWadeBalluZanelli (left office in the eighth month)von BrandtFergusonRodolfo (took office in the sixth month)Nordenflycht (took office in the fourth month)LuigiHoferTokizuka (name damaged in source)
Holcombe (served as chargé from the eighth month)
Eighth year of the Guangxu reign (1882), cyclical year renwuBoutzé (left office in the ninth month)Wade (left office in the seventh month)BalluHolcombevon BrandtFergusonRodolfoNordenflychtLuigiHofer (left office in the seventh month and was temporarily replaced by German minister von Brandt)Tokizuka (name damaged in source; relinquished office)
Weber (from the ninth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as consul at Tianjin)Grevy (from the seventh month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)John Russell Young (took office in the seventh month)Enomoto Takeaki (took office in the ninth month)
Ninth year of the Guangxu reign (1883), cyclical year guiweiBogoslovsky (took office in the ninth month)Grevy (relieved of his chargé duties)Ballu (left office in the fourth month)John Russell Youngvon Brandt (returned home due to illness in the second month)FergusonRodolfo (returned home due to illness in the second month)NordenflychtLuigi (returned home on leave in the second month; temporarily replaced by German minister von Brandt)SaluschiEnomoto Takeaki (returned home on leave in the eleventh month)
Parkes (took office in the eighth month)de Semallé (from the fourth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)von Brandt (from the second month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)D'Anethan (from the second month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)Yoshida (from the eleventh month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as secretary)
Tricou (took office in the sixth month)
Tenth year of the Guangxu reign (1884), cyclical year jiashenBogoslovskyParkesTricouJohn Russell Youngvon BrandtFergusonD'AnethanNordenflycht (left office in the first month)Luigi (returned from home and resumed office in the fourth month; renamed Lucca)SaluschiEnomoto Takeaki (returned from home and resumed office in the seventh month)
Patenotre (took office in the intercalary fifth month)Satow (took office in the intercalary fifth month)Michel (from the first month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)
Eleventh year of the Guangxu reign (1885), cyclical year yiyouBogoslovskyParkes (died in the second month)Patenotre (left office in the ninth month)John Russell Young (left office in the second month)von BrandtFerguson (returned home due to illness in the second month)SatowMichel (relieved of his chargé duties)LuccaSaluschiEnomoto Takeaki (left office in the eighth month)
Grevy (from the second month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)Cogordan (took office)Smithers (served as chargé from the second month)Verhaeghe de Naeyer (took office in the fourth month)Shinada (served as chargé from the eighth month)
Denby (took office in the eighth month)
Twelfth year of the Guangxu reign (1886), cyclical year bingxuBogoslovsky (left office in the second month)Grevy (relieved of his chargé duties)Cogordan (left office in the fifth month)Denbyvon BrandtFergusonSatow (left office in the third month)Verhaeghe de NaeyerLucca (returned home due to illness in the second month)SaluschiShinada (relieved of his chargé duties)
Ladreyt (from the second month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)Wallace (took office in the fifth month)Cassel (took office in the fifth month)de Onís (from the third month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)Langlais (served as chargé from the second month)Shiota (took office in the third month)
Coummyn (took office in the tenth month)Considine (took office in the eighth month)Rodolfo (took office in the sixth month)
Thirteenth year of the Guangxu reign (1887), cyclical year dinghaiCoummynWallaceConsidine (left office in the seventh month)Denbyvon BrandtFergusonRodolfoVerhaeghe de Naeyer (returned home on leave in the fourth month)Langlais (relieved of his chargé duties)SaluschiShiota (returned home on leave in the intercalary third month; counselor Kajiyama Teisuke acted in his stead; resumed office in the tenth month)
Souliard (served as chargé from the seventh month)Lucca (returned from home and resumed office in the third month)
Gérard (served as chargé from the tenth month)
Fourteenth year of the Guangxu reign (1888), cyclical year wuziCoummynWallaceGérardDenbyvon BrandtFergusonRodolfoVerhaeghe de NaeyerLuccaSaluschiShiota
Fifteenth year of the Guangxu reign (1889), cyclical year jichouCoummynWallaceGérardDenbyvon Brandt (returned home on leave in the third month)Ferguson (returned home on leave in the eighth month)Rodolfo (left office in the third month)Verhaeghe de NaeyerLucca (died in the third month)SaluschiShiota (died in the fourth month)
Laine (took office in the eighth month)de Onís (from the fourth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor; died in the ninth month)Cartier de Marchienne (served as chargé from the fourth month)Oshima Keisuke (took office in the fifth month)
MacDonald (from the ninth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)
D'Anethan (served as chargé from the twelfth month)
Sixteenth year of the Guangxu reign (1890), cyclical year gengyinCoummyn (returned home due to illness in the intercalary second month)WallaceGérard (returned home in the eighth month)Denbyvon BrandtFerguson (returned from home and resumed his post in the seventh month)D'AnethanVerhaeghe de Naeyer (left office in the eighth month)Pansa (took office in the third month)SaluschiOshima Keisuke
Fraser (one character missing in source) (from the second month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)Lin Chun (served as chargé from the eighth month)Michel (served as chargé from the eighth month)
Seventeenth year of the Guangxu reign (1891), cyclical year xinmaoFraser (one character missing in source)WallaceGérard (returned from home and resumed his post in the ninth month)Denbyvon BrandtFergusonD'Anethan (transferred on orders in the fifth month)MichelPansavon Biegeleben (took office in the eighth month)Oshima Keisuke
Cassini (took office in the ninth month)Ayerle (served as chargé from the sixth month)Lemaire (served as chargé from the sixth month)
Eighteenth year of the Guangxu reign (1892), cyclical year renchenCassiniWallace (left office in the eighth month)GérardDenbyvon BrandtFergusonde Prelle de la Nieppe (took office in the sixth month)Lemaire (was formally appointed minister in the second month; returned home on leave in the ninth month)Pansavon Biegeleben (returned home on leave in the sixth month)Oshima Keisuke
O'Conor (took office in the tenth month)Michel (from the ninth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)Classico (from the sixth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)
Nineteenth year of the Guangxu reign (1893), cyclical year guisiCassiniO'ConorGérardDenbyvon Brandt (left office in the second month)Fergusonde Prelle de la NieppeLemaire (returned from home and resumed his post in the tenth month)Pansa (left office in the second month)von Biegeleben (returned from home and resumed his post in the fifth month; returned home again in the tenth month)Oshima Keisuke (left office in the fourth month)
Steenbock (from the second month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)Gallina (from the second month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)Classico (from the tenth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)Hashiguchi Naoemon (from the fourth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)
Schenck (took office in the fifth month)Komura Jutaro (served as chargé from the tenth month)
Twentieth year of the Guangxu reign (1894), cyclical year jiawuCassiniO'ConorGérard (left office in the second month)DenbySchenckFerguson (returned home on leave in the eleventh month and was temporarily replaced by German minister Schenck)de Prelle de la Nieppe (left office in the sixth month)LemaireGallina (relieved of his chargé duties)ClassicoKomura Jutaro (returned home in the seventh month)
Auguste Gérard (took office in the second month)Lang (from the sixth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)Baldi (took office in the fourth month)
Twenty-first year of the Guangxu reign (1895), cyclical year yiweiCassiniO'Conor (relieved of office)Auguste GérardDenbySchenckKnobel (took office in the ninth month)de Groote (took office in the eighth month)LemaireBaldiPietriHayashi (in the intercalary fifth month, with the peace settlement concluded, Japan again posted resident ministers; he took office)
MacDonald (took office)
Twenty-second year of the Guangxu reign (1896), cyclical year bingshenCassini (left office in the eighth month)MacDonaldAuguste GérardDenbySchenck (left office in the fifth month)Knobel (returned home on leave in the first month and was temporarily replaced by the German minister; resumed his post in the tenth month)de Groote (returned home on leave in the tenth month; from the first month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)Lemaire (returned home on leave in the third month and soon died)Baldi (left office in the ninth month)Nessel (dispatched in the tenth month; served as chargé)Hayashi (left office in the ninth month)
Bogoslovsky (from the eighth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)Beavis (from the fifth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)Michel (from the third month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)Vidaure (from the ninth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)Uchida Kōzō (from the ninth month served as chargé d'affaires in his capacity as counselor)
Heyking (took office in the seventh month)Fige (took office in the eighth month)
Twenty-third year of the Guangxu reign (1897), cyclical year dingyouBogoslovskyMacDonaldAuguste Gérard (returned home in the sixth month)DenbyHeykingBerg (took office in the eighth month, concurrently serving as minister to Japan)Knobelde GrooteFigeVidaureRossetti (served as chargé)Uchida Kōzō
Dubail (served as chargé from the sixth month)Salvago (served as chargé)Cicognani (took office in the third month)Yano Fumio (took office in the fifth month)
Twenty-fourth year of the Guangxu reign (1898), cyclical year wuxuBogoslovskyMacDonaldDubailDenby (left office)HeykingBergKnobelde GrooteFigeSalvagoCicognaniYano Fumio
Giers (took office in the tenth month)Bérenger (took office in the third month)Conger (took office in the fifth month)Martini (took office in the eighth month)
Twenty-fifth year of the Guangxu reign (1899), cyclical year jihaiGiersMacDonaldBérengerCongerHeyking (returned home in the fourth month)Knobelde GrooteFige (returned home in the third month)Martini (returned home in the second month and was temporarily replaced by British minister MacDonald)CicognaniYano Fumio (returned home in the tenth month)
Beavis (served as chargé from the fourth month)Gialdini (served as chargé from the third month)Salvago (took office in the sixth month)Nishi Tokujirō (took office in the tenth month)
Ketteler (took office)
Twenty-sixth year of the Guangxu reign (1900), cyclical year gengziGiersMacDonaldBérengerCongerKetteler (was killed in the fifth month)Knobelde GrooteJoostens (took office in the fourth month)SalvagoCicognaniNishi Tokujirō (returned home in the eleventh month)
Komura Jutaro (took office in the eleventh month)
Twenty-seventh year of the Guangxu reign (1901), cyclical year xinchouGiers (returned home in the eighth month)MacDonald (transferred to Japan)BowerCongerMumm (took office; in the ninth month took leave and departed the capital)Knobelde GrooteJoostensSalvago (returned home in the eighth month)CicognaniKomura Jutaro (returned home in the tenth month)
Lessar (took office in the eighth month)Satow (took office)Giers (served as chargé from the ninth month)Romane (served as chargé from the eighth month)Uchida Kōzō (took office in the tenth month)
Twenty-eighth year of the Guangxu reign (1902), cyclical year renyinLessarSatow (returned home on leave in the eleventh month)Bower (returned home in the fifth month)CongerMumm (resumed his post)Knobel (returned home)de Groote (returned home)JoostensRomane (left office in the second month)CicognaniUchida KōzōBlanchetPak Chae-sun (took office in the tenth month; this marked the beginning of Korea's posting of resident ministers to China)
Thornley (served as chargé from the eleventh month)Gastineau (served as chargé from the fifth month)Rodin (served as chargé)Kajiwara (served as chargé)Gallina (took office in the second month)
Twenty-ninth year of the Guangxu reign (1903), cyclical year guimaoLessarSatow (resumed his post)DubailCongerMummHisters (took office in the ninth month)KajiwaraJoostensGallinaCicognaniUchida KōzōBlanchetPak Chae-sun (returned home in the twelfth month)
Palese (took office in the eleventh month)Pak Tae-yong (served as chargé)
Thirtieth year of the Guangxu reign (1904), cyclical year jiachenLessarSatowDubailCongerMummHistersKajiwaraJoostens (returned home in the sixth month)PaleseCicognaniUchida KōzōBlanchetPak Tae-yong (left office)
de Gaiffier (took office in the sixth month)Min Yong-chol (took office in the second month)
Thirty-first year of the Guangxu reign (1905), cyclical year yisiLessar (died in the third month)SatowDubailConger (returned home in the fourth month)MummHistersKajiwarade GaiffierPaleseCicognaniUchida KōzōBlanchetMin Yong-cholHulda (was appointed acting resident minister in the fifth month)
Pokotilov (took office in the fifth month)Rockhill (took office in the fifth month)Almeida (served as chargé)
Thirty-second year of the Guangxu reign (1906), cyclical year bingwuPokotilovSatow (returned home)Dubail (returned home)RockhillMumm (returned home in the third month)HistersKajiwaraBehr (served as chargé from the first month)PaleseCicognaniUchida Kōzō (returned home)BlanchetHulda
Jordan (took office in the tenth month)Bastard (took office in the fifth month)Giers (served as chargé)Cornier (took office in the ninth month)Norban (served as chargé from the first month)Hayashi Kenkuro (took office in the sixth month)Almeida
Rex (took office in the tenth month)
Thirty-third year of the Guangxu reign (1907), cyclical year dingweiPokotilovJordanDubailRockhillRexHistersKajiwarade GaiffierPaleseCicognaniHayashi KenkuroBlanchetHulda
Thirty-fourth year of the Guangxu reign (1908), cyclical year wushenPokotilovJordanDubail (returned home in the eleventh month)RockhillRexWallenbergHistersKajiwarade GaiffierPaleseGierszewski (took office in the first month)Hayashi Kenkuro (returned home in the fifth month)BlanchetHulda
Korostovets (took office in the eighth month)Margerie (took office in the second month)Ijuin Hikokichi (took office in the fifth month)
First year of the Xuantong reign (1909), cyclical year jiyouKorostovetsJordanPinson (served as chargé)RockhillRexWallenbergVelascoKajiwaraCornierMargerieGierszewskiIjuin HikokichiPedroHulda
Second year of the Xuantong reign (1910), cyclical year gengxuKorostovetsJordanPinsonRockhill (returned home)RexWallenbergVelascoKajiwaraCornier (left office)MargerieGierszewskiIjuin HikokichiPedroHulda
Calhoun (took office in the seventh month)Behr (served as chargé from the sixth month)Barger
Giardini (took office in the ninth month)
Third year of the Xuantong reign (1911), cyclical year xinhaiKorostovetsJordanPinsonCalhounRexWallenbergVelascoKajiwaraGiardiniSforza (took office in the sixth month)GierszewskiIjuin HikokichiPedroBarger
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