Volume 236 Biographies 23: Chen Tai, A Er Jin, Li Guohan, Zhuo Butai, Zhuo Luo, Ai Xing A, Xun Ta

陳泰阿爾津李國翰卓布泰卓羅愛星阿遜塔

Chen Tai, Arjin, Li Guohan, Zhuobutai, Zhuoluo, Aixing'a, and Xunta

陳泰，滿洲鑲黃旗人，額亦都孫，徹爾格子也。初授巴牙喇甲喇章京。從伐明，攻錦州，明兵自寧遠來援。陳泰先眾直入敵陣，斬執纛者，得纛以歸。天聰三年，從太宗伐明，薄明都，屯德勝門外，攻袁崇煥壘，遇伏，奮擊，多所俘馘。五年，從圍大凌河城，明監軍道張春赴援，陳泰設伏，擒其邏卒，復以步軍戰，殲敵。

Chen Tai was a Manchu of the Bordered Yellow Banner, a grandson of Eidu and a son of Cherge. He was first appointed commander of a vanguard company. He took part in the campaign against the Ming and attacked Jinzhou; Ming forces came from Ningyuan to relieve the siege. Chen Tai led the way into the enemy line, slew the man carrying the standard, and brought the banner back. In the third year of the Tiancong reign he followed the Taizong against the Ming, drew near the capital, and camped outside Desheng Gate. Attacking Yuan Chonghuan's works, he ran into an ambush but fought hard and took many prisoners and heads. In the fifth year he joined the siege of Dalinghe. When the Ming supervising commissioner Zhang Chun marched to relieve the city, Chen Tai set an ambush, seized enemy scouts, fought on with infantry, and destroyed the relief force.

崇德元年，從伐朝鮮，與梅勒額真薩穆什喀夜襲破黃州守將營。三年，伐明，敗明兵於豐潤，攻太監馮永盛、總兵侯世祿營，拔之；又以巴牙喇兵三十敗明騎卒百餘。五年，從圍錦州，攻杏山，敗敵兵，獲牲畜。六年，复圍錦州，敗松山兵。我兵出樵採，為敵困，陳泰率兵六援之出，敵襲我後隊，迭戰破敵，遂克其郛。予世職，自牛錄章京進三等甲喇章京。七年，复圍錦州，掘塹困松山。明兵夜犯正黃旗蒙古營，赴援，擊之走。八年，從伐明，敗總兵馬科於渾河，築浮橋濟師。明總督范志完拒戰，擊敗之。下山東，陳泰以偏師克東阿、汶上、寧陽三縣，進世職二等。

In the first year of Chongde he joined the invasion of Korea. With meirei janggin Samushka he made a night assault that overran the defending general's camp at Huangzhou. In the third year, on campaign against the Ming, he routed Ming forces at Fengrun and stormed the camps of the eunuch Feng Yongsheng and regional commander Hou Shilu. With only thirty vanguard troops he also routed more than a hundred Ming horsemen. In the fifth year he joined the siege of Jinzhou, attacked Xingshan, defeated the enemy, and captured livestock. In the sixth year he again invested Jinzhou and defeated the Songshan garrison. When our men went out for firewood and were surrounded, Chen Tai led six companies to extricate them. The enemy struck our rear, but after successive engagements he broke them and captured the outer rampart. He received a hereditary rank and was promoted from company commander to third-rank battalion commander. In the seventh year he again besieged Jinzhou and dug trenches to pin down Songshan. When Ming forces raided the Mongol camp of the Plain Yellow Banner at night, he went to its aid and put them to flight. In the eighth year he joined the Ming campaign, defeated regional commander Ma Ke at the Hun River, and threw a pontoon bridge across for the army. When Ming governor-general Fan Zhiwan gave battle, Chen Tai defeated him. As the army moved into Shandong, Chen Tai with a detached column captured Dong'e, Wenshang, and Ningyang, and his hereditary rank rose to the second degree.

順治元年，從入關，擊破李自成，進世職一等。四年，授禮部侍郎。從平南大將軍孔有德徵湖廣，戰荊州，擊破流賊一隻虎。時明魯王遣其將鄭彩、阮進等寇福建，先後陷府三、州一、縣二十七。上授陳泰靖南將軍，與梅勒額真棟阿賚率師討之，擊破魯王將曹大鎬、張耀星，克同安、平和二縣。五年三月，复克興化。彩遁入海，复克長樂、連江，獲所置總督顧世臣等十一人，斬之。魯王所陷諸府州縣以次盡复，福建平。師還，授巴牙喇纛章京，進二等阿思哈尼哈番。遇恩詔，累進三等精奇尼哈番兼拜他喇布勒哈番。遷刑部尚書。八年，移吏部尚書，授國史院大學士。以加上皇太后尊號恩詔誤增赦款罷任，並以吏部覃恩升襲過濫，降世職一等阿達哈哈番。九年，起禮部尚書，充會試主考官，授鑲黃旗滿洲固山額真，特命進世職二等精奇尼哈番。

In the first year of Shunzhi he marched through the passes into China, routed Li Zicheng, and was raised to a first-degree hereditary rank. In the fourth year he was made vice minister of the Ministry of Rites. He followed Grand General Kong Youde's Huguang campaign, fought at Jingzhou, and broke the bandit leader known as One-Eyed Tiger. At that time the Ming Prince of Lu sent Zheng Cai, Ruan Jin, and other generals against Fujian, and they in turn seized three prefectures, one subprefecture, and twenty-seven counties. The emperor named Chen Tai Pacifier of the South and, with meirei janggin Dong'ai, marched against them. He defeated the Prince of Lu's generals Cao Dagao and Zhang Yaoxing and recovered Tong'an and Pinghe. In the third month of the fifth year he retook Xinghua. Zheng Cai fled to sea. Chen Tai retook Changle and Lianjiang, seized eleven men including the puppet governor Gu Shichen, and had them executed. The prefectures, subprefectures, and counties the Prince of Lu had seized were recovered one after another, and Fujian was pacified. On the army's return he was made commander of the vanguard banner and advanced to second-rank ashan iha'an. Under successive amnesty promotions he rose to third-rank jingkini ha'an with the additional rank of baitalaburu ha'an. He was transferred to minister of the Ministry of Punishments. In the eighth year he became minister of the Ministry of Personnel and was appointed a grand secretary of the Historiography Academy. He was dismissed for having wrongly broadened the pardon clauses in the edict honoring the empress dowager, and because the Ministry of Personnel had been too lavish in promotions and inheritances under the general amnesty, his hereditary rank was cut one degree to adaha ha'an. In the ninth year he was recalled as minister of rites, served as chief metropolitan examiner, was made banner commander of the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner, and by special order was raised to second-degree jingkini ha'an.

十年，上以湖廣未定，大學士洪承疇再出經略，至軍，疏言：「孫可望等戰湖南，郝搖旗、一隻虎等擾湖北。湖南駐重兵，各郡窵遠，不免首尾難顧。」上授陳泰宁南靖寇大將軍，與固山額真藍拜、濟席哈，巴牙喇纛章京蘇克薩哈等統兵鎮湖南。臨行，上諭之曰：「師行有一定紀律，大小將佐，為國盡力，豈致挫釁？上毋藐視主帥，下當撫勵士卒，能愛眾而得其心，遇敵未有不爭先效命者也。」十一年，复授吏部尚書。十二年，孫可望遣其將劉文秀、盧明臣、馮雙禮等以舟師六萬分犯岳州、武昌。文秀引精兵攻常德，陳泰遣蘇克薩哈設伏以待。甲喇額真呼尼牙羅和當前鋒，挫敵；甲喇額真蘇拜、希福等以舟師迎擊；大軍繼進，三合三勝。敵复列艦拒戰，伏起，縱火焚其舟，敵大敗，別遣兵擊敵德山下。師進次龍陽，敵集二千人來犯，我兵奮擊，潰奔，明臣赴水死。雙禮被創，與文秀並遁。降所置裨將四十餘、兵三千餘。論功，進一等精奇尼哈番兼拖沙喇哈番。未幾，卒於軍。

In the tenth year, with Huguang still unsettled, Grand Secretary Hong Chengchou took the field again as supreme commander. On reaching the army he wrote: "Sun Kewang and others are active in Hunan, while Hao Yaoqi, One-Eyed Tiger, and others are raiding Hubei. Heavy forces are posted in Hunan, but the prefectures lie far apart, so it is hard to guard both flanks at once." The emperor named Chen Tai Grand General for Pacifying the South and Suppressing Bandits and, with gushan ejen Lanbai, Jisihai, vanguard banner commander Suksaha, and others, stationed an army in Hunan. Before he left, the emperor told him: "An army on the march lives by fixed discipline. Every officer, high or low, must give his utmost for the state—how could there be setbacks? Subordinates must not slight their commander, and leaders must hearten their men. Win the soldiers' hearts by caring for them, and in battle they will always rush forward to give their lives." In the eleventh year he was again made minister of personnel. In the twelfth year Sun Kewang sent Liu Wenxiu, Lu Mingchen, Feng Shuangli, and other generals with sixty thousand men in river craft to strike Yuezhou and Wuchang in separate columns. Wenxiu led picked troops against Changde; Chen Tai sent Suksaha to set an ambush. Jalan ejen Honiyaluohe took the van and blunted the enemy attack; jalan ejen Subai, Xifu, and others engaged them with the fleet; and when the main force came up, three clashes brought three victories. When the enemy formed their ships again, the ambush sprang up, torches were thrown, and their fleet burned. The enemy were routed, and a detachment was sent to strike them below Deshan. The army moved on to Longyang. Two thousand enemy troops gathered to attack, but our men fought hard and put them to flight; Mingchen drowned himself. Shuangli was wounded and fled with Wenxiu. More than forty of their appointed deputy generals and more than three thousand troops surrendered. For his merit he was raised to first-rank jingkini ha'an with the additional rank of tosoro ha'an. Before long he died in camp.

師還，明年正月，世祖宴諸將，追悼陳泰，揮淚酌酒，諭學士麻勒吉、侍衛覺羅塔大曰：「大將軍班師還，朕將親酌酒以慰勞之。不幸中道棄捐，不復相見。爾等以此觴奠大將軍靈次，抒朕追悼。」諸將及侍從皆感涕。賜祭葬，諡忠襄。乾隆初，定封一等子。

After the army returned, in the first month of the next year the Shizu emperor held a feast for his generals. Mourning Chen Tai, he poured wine with tears in his eyes and told academician Meleji and guard Gioro Tada: "When the grand general came home victorious, I meant to pour his wine myself. Alas, he was taken on the road and we shall never meet again. Take this cup to his spirit tablet and speak my grief for me." Every general and attendant wept. State sacrifices and burial were granted, with the posthumous title Loyal and Assisting. Early in the Qianlong reign his line was fixed at first-rank viscount.

阿爾津，伊爾根覺羅氏。父齊瑪塔，與從子阿山歸太祖，官侍衛。旗制定，與阿山同隸正藍旗。阿山自有傳。

Arjin was of the Irgen Gioro clan. His father Qimata came over to the Taizu with his nephew Ashan and served as imperial guards. When the banner system was set, he and Ashan were both placed in the Plain Blue Banner. Ashan has a separate biography.

阿爾津積戰功，授甲喇額真，世職二等參將。天聰四年，從固山額真納穆泰等守灤州。納穆泰等引還，論罪，上以阿爾津力戰殺敵，特貰之。九年，伐察哈爾，阿爾津從貝勒岳託駐歸化城。博碩克圖汗子陰結喀爾喀等部貳於明，阿爾津獲其使者，進世職一等甲喇章京。

Through repeated battlefield service Arjin was made jalan ejen with a hereditary second-rank brigade-general's rank. In the fourth year of Tiancong he joined gushan ejen Namutai in holding Luanzhou. Namutai and the others withdrew and were found guilty, but because Arjin had fought hard and killed many of the enemy, the emperor specially pardoned him. In the ninth year, on the Chahar campaign, Arjin followed Prince Yuetuo and was posted at Guihuacheng. The son of Bogd Setsen Khan had secretly induced the Khalkha and other tribes to side with the Ming; Arjin seized his envoy and was raised to first-rank battalion commander.

崇德元年，上自將伐朝鮮，朝鮮國王李倧走南漢山城，阿爾津簡精騎追躡，破其援兵。二年，略鐵山，獲明邏卒。授議政大臣，領巴牙喇纛章京。三年，從豫親王多鐸伐明，過中後所，明將祖大壽發兵追襲，阿爾津為殿，戰不力，所部多戰死者，又棄其骨不收，坐削世職，籍家產之半，仍領巴牙喇纛章京如故。五年，從圍錦州，以離城遠駐，坐罰鍰。六年，攻松山，擊明總督洪承疇軍，克台一、壘三，殲守台敵兵，出我師被圍者。上嘉其善戰，复授三等甲喇章京。七年，從伐明，攻寧遠。八年，與巴牙喇纛章京哈寧阿等伐虎爾哈部，下七屯，俘獲無算。

In the first year of Chongde the emperor led the invasion of Korea in person. When King Li Jong fled to Namhansanseong, Arjin took picked cavalry in pursuit and routed his relief force. In the second year he raided Tieshan and took Ming scouts prisoner. He was made a deliberative minister and commander of the vanguard banner. In the third year he followed Prince Dorgon against the Ming. At Zhonghousuo the Ming general Zu Dashi pursued them, and Arjin, commanding the rearguard, fought poorly; many of his men fell, and he left their bones unburied. His hereditary rank was cut and half his property confiscated, but he retained command of the vanguard banner. In the fifth year he joined the siege of Jinzhou but was fined for pitching camp too far from the walls. In the sixth year, assaulting Songshan, he hit Ming governor-general Hong Chengchou's army, captured one redoubt and three forts, wiped out the garrisons, and rescued our encircled men. The emperor praised his fighting and restored him to third-rank battalion commander. In the seventh year he joined the Ming campaign and attacked Ningyuan. In the eighth year he campaigned against the Hurha with vanguard commander Haning'a and others, overran seven settlements, and took countless prisoners and spoils.

順治元年，從入關，擊李自成，追及於安肅，大破之，進二等甲喇章京，兼半個前程。尋從豫親王多鐸西破潼關，還定江南，進三等梅勒章京。三年，與巴牙喇纛章京鰲拜等徇漢中，擊叛將賀珍，破流賊張獻忠，進攻敘州，所向克捷。五年，進一等阿思哈尼哈番。尋率師定宣化叛兵。八年，與固山額真額克青等發武英親王阿濟格罪狀，語詳阿濟格傳。敘功，遇恩詔，進一等精奇尼哈番兼拖沙喇哈番。九年，授西安將軍，鎮漢中。尋改授定南將軍，移師徇湖廣。十一年，自巴牙喇纛章京遷固山額真。

In the first year of Shunzhi he marched through the passes, struck Li Zicheng, caught him at Ansu, and routed him. He was raised to second-rank battalion commander with half a qian-cheng stipend. He then followed Prince Dorgon west to break Tong Pass and helped pacify Jiangnan, rising to third-rank meirei janggin. In the third year he campaigned in Hanzhong with vanguard commander Oboi and others, struck the rebel He Zhen, broke Zhang Xianzhong's band, and advanced on Xuzhou, winning wherever he fought. In the fifth year he was raised to first-rank ashan iha'an. He then led troops to put down the mutiny at Xuanhua. In the eighth year he joined gushan ejen Ekeqing in exposing the crimes of Prince Ajige of Ying; the full account is in Ajige's biography. For his services, and under an amnesty edict, he was raised to first-rank jingkini ha'an with the additional rank of tosoro ha'an. In the ninth year he was made general of Xi'an and posted to Hanzhong. He was soon transferred to Pacifier of the South and moved his army into Huguang. In the eleventh year he was promoted from vanguard banner commander to banner commander.

十二年八月，授寧南靖寇大將軍，與固山額真卓羅等率師駐荊州。時土寇姚黃等據歸州，出沒宜昌、襄陽間，阿爾津督兵搜捕，安集兵民，枝江、松滋諸縣悉定。十三年，與卓羅等率師渡江，十月，克辰州。寶慶、永順諸土司率官吏，具版籍，詣軍前降。時雲南、貴州尚為明守，阿爾津議移常德鎮兵守辰州，別移兵屯常德為應援，自辰州下沅、靖，進取滇、黔。經略大學士洪承疇與異議，事聞，上召阿爾津還京師，以宗室羅託代之。

In the eighth month of the twelfth year he was named Grand General for Pacifying the South and Suppressing Bandits and, with gushan ejen Zhuoluo and others, garrisoned Jingzhou. Local bandits led by Yao Huang held Guizhou and raided between Yichang and Xiangyang. Arjin hunted them down, resettled soldiers and civilians, and pacified Zhijiang, Songzi, and the other counties. In the thirteenth year he crossed the river with Zhuoluo and others and took Chenzhou in the tenth month. The chiefs of Baojing, Yongshun, and other domains brought their officials and household registers to surrender before the army. Yunnan and Guizhou were still in Ming hands. Arjin proposed shifting the Changde garrison to Chenzhou, posting another force at Changde as reserve, and advancing down the Yuan and Jing rivers from Chenzhou into Yunnan and Guizhou. Supreme commander Hong Chengchou disagreed. When word reached the throne, the emperor recalled Arjin to the capital and sent the imperial clansman Luotuo in his place.

十五年正月，授信郡王多尼為安遠靖寇大將軍，徵雲南，命阿爾津率本旗兵以從。五月，卒於軍，贈太子太保，諡端果。乾隆初，定封三等子。

In the first month of the fifteenth year Prince Duoni of the Faithful Domain was named Grand General for Pacifying the Distant Regions and Suppressing Bandits for the Yunnan campaign, and Arjin was ordered to bring his banner troops with him. He died in camp in the fifth month and was posthumously made Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent with the title Upright and Resolute. Early in the Qianlong reign his line was fixed at third-rank viscount.

李國翰，漢軍鑲藍旗人，其先居清河。父繼學，初為商，從明經略楊鎬軍，嘗通使於我。天命六年，克遼陽，繼學來歸，授都司。以副將劉興祚婪賄，劾罷之。屢獲明諜，捕逃人，授世職三等副將。請老，國翰襲世職。事太宗，授侍衛，賜號「墨爾根」。

Li Guohan was a Han bannerman of the Bordered Blue Banner; his family had long lived in Qinghe. His father Jixue had been a merchant before joining the army of the Ming supreme commander Yang Hao and had once sent envoys to our side. When Liaoyang fell in the sixth year of Tianming, Jixue submitted and was made a regional commander. He impeached and removed vice commander Liu Xingzuo for taking bribes. He repeatedly captured Ming spies and runaways and received a hereditary third-rank vice commander's rank. When he retired on grounds of age, Guohan inherited the hereditary rank. Under the Taizong he became an imperial guard and was given the sobriquet "Mergen."

天聰三年，從伐明，薄明都。還攻永平，戰先眾。五年，圍大凌河，城兵突出，國翰督兵擊之退；明兵自錦州赴援，又擊之，敗走。九年，以善拊循所領人戶，進世職二等梅勒章京。崇德三年，授刑部理事官。從伐明，入邊，明兵千餘據山列陣，國翰督兵奮擊，敗之，獲馬四十；進克牆子嶺，轉戰至山東，克濟南。師還，攻慶都、獲鹿，發砲毀其垣。四年，授鑲藍旗漢軍梅勒額真。五年，從攻錦州，克呂洪山台。七年，攻下塔山、杏山，擢鑲藍旗漢軍固山額真。八年，從克前屯衛、中後所。世職累進三等昂邦章京。

In the third year of Tiancong he joined the Ming campaign and drew near the capital. On the way back he attacked Yongping and fought in the van. In the fifth year, during the siege of Dalinghe, the garrison sallied out; Guohan led troops and beat them back; when Ming relief came from Jinzhou he struck them again and put them to flight. In the ninth year, for his skill in caring for the households under his command, he was raised to second-rank meirei janggin. In the third year of Chongde he was made an administrative officer of the Ministry of Punishments. On the Ming campaign he crossed the frontier. When more than a thousand Ming troops formed up on a hill, Guohan led a fierce assault, routed them, and seized forty horses; then took Qiangziling, fought through into Shandong, and captured Jinan. On the return march he attacked Qingdu and Huolu and battered their walls with cannon. In the fourth year he was made meirei ejen of the Han Bordered Blue Banner. In the fifth year he joined the assault on Jinzhou and captured the Lühongshan redoubt. In the seventh year he took Tashan and Xingshan and was promoted to banner commander of the Han Bordered Blue Banner. In the eighth year he helped capture Qiantunwei and Zhonghousuo. His hereditary rank rose in stages to third-rank amban janggin.

順治元年，從入關，國翰與固山額真劉之源、祖澤潤等率兵剿饒陽土寇康文鬥、郭壯畿等，師進徵山西。時李自成走陝西，其黨猶分據太原、平陽諸府，國翰與固山額真葉臣謀曰：「自成新敗，賊無固志，當以大兵直搗太原。太原既下，分道略定諸郡縣，餘賊非降即就馘耳。」乃合兵進拔太原，分道略定諸郡縣。師還，賚白金五百。尋又從大將軍英親王阿濟格徵陝西，自成走湖廣，師從之，戰應山，進攻武昌，與固山額真金礪等奪舟數百。

In the first year of Shunzhi, after the march through the passes, Guohan with gushan ejen Liu Zhiyuan, Zu Zerun, and others suppressed the Raoyang bandits Kang Wendou and Guo Zhuangji, then advanced into Shanxi. Li Zicheng had fled to Shaanxi, but his followers still held Taiyuan, Pingyang, and other prefectures. Guohan and gushan ejen Ye Chen agreed: "Zicheng is freshly beaten and his men have no stomach for a stand. We should drive straight at Taiyuan with the main force. Once Taiyuan falls, we can send columns to sweep the prefectures and counties; the rest will either surrender or be cut down." They united their forces, stormed Taiyuan, and sent columns to pacify the surrounding prefectures and counties. On the army's return he was rewarded with five hundred taels of silver. He then followed Grand General Prince Ajige of Ying into Shaanxi. When Zicheng fled to Huguang the army pursued, fought at Yingshan, advanced on Wuchang, and with gushan ejen Jin Li seized several hundred boats.

二年，命偕固山額真巴顏率兵下四川，次西安，叛將賀珍自漢中來犯，國翰與駐防西安內大臣和洛輝分兵夾擊，大破之，進世職二等。三年，大將軍肅親王豪格師至，令國翰與巴顏逐捕延安餘寇，寇保張果老崖，掘壕困之，乘夜攻克其寨，殲其渠，獲馬二百餘。遂從肅親王下四川，殲張獻忠，复率兵渡涪江，擊破獻忠將袁韜，進世職一等。

In the second year he was ordered with gushan ejen Bayan into Sichuan. At Xi'an the rebel He Zhen marched down from Hanzhong; Guohan and Grand Minister Heluo, garrisoning Xi'an, caught him in a pincer and routed him. His hereditary rank rose to the second degree. In the third year, when Grand General Prince Hoge arrived, he sent Guohan and Bayan after the Yan'an remnant bandits. The bandits held Zhang Guolao Cliff; trenches were dug to pin them in, and a night assault overran the stockade, killed the ringleaders, and seized more than two hundred horses. He followed Prince Hoge into Sichuan, destroyed Zhang Xianzhong, crossed the Fu River, defeated Xianzhong's general Yuan Tao, and was raised to first-degree hereditary rank.

五年四月，授定西將軍，同平西王吳三桂鎮漢中。六年，明宗室硃森滏與其將趙榮貴以萬餘人犯階州，國翰督兵赴援，戰必先眾陷陣。諸將請曰：「將軍任討賊之重，柰何輕身犯鋒鏑？脫有不戒，憂及全軍。」國翰曰：「吾固知此。然賊鋒頗銳，戰不利，勢將蔓延。吾故以力戰挫其鋒。明之失機，率由主兵者怯戰耗時，賊以坐大。覆轍可復蹈耶？」遂戰，陣斬森滏、榮貴；复擊破其將王永強，斬級數千，獲駝馬數百，复宜君、同官、蒲城、宜川、安塞、清澗等縣。上深嘉其勇略，諭以「自後但發縱指示，不必身先士卒」。叛將薑瓖據大同，其將劉登樓、張鳳翼、任一貴、謝汝德、萬鍊等分據附近諸郡縣，國翰遣兵會剿，殲賊甚眾，撫定河東；進克府谷，擒斬所置經略高有才以下三百餘人，降其將郝自德等：進一等伯。

In the fourth month of the fifth year he was named Pacifier of the West and, with Prince of Pacifying the West Wu Sangui, garrisoned Hanzhong. In the sixth year the Ming clansman Zhu Senyu and his general Zhao Ronggui attacked Jiezhou with more than ten thousand men. Guohan marched to relieve the city and always led the charge himself. His officers pleaded: "You bear the weight of this campaign—why risk yourself in the front rank? One mischance could endanger the whole army." Guohan replied: "I know that well enough. But the enemy are sharp; if we fight poorly the trouble will spread. That is why I fight hard—to break their momentum. The Ming lost their chances because commanders were timid and slow, letting bandits grow strong while they waited. Shall we repeat that mistake?" He gave battle and killed Senyu and Ronggui on the field; routed their general Wang Yongqiang, took several thousand heads and hundreds of camels and horses, and recovered Yijun, Tongguan, Pucheng, Yichuan, Ansai, Qingjian, and other counties. The emperor greatly praised his courage and told him: "From now on give your orders from the rear; you need not lead every charge yourself." The rebel Jiang Xiang held Datong while Liu Denglou, Zhang Fengyi, Ren Yigui, Xie Rude, Wan Lian, and others seized nearby prefectures and counties. Guohan sent columns against them, killed many bandits, and pacified Hedong; took Fugu, executed more than three hundred men including the puppet grand coordinator Gao Youcai, and received the surrender of Hao Zide and other generals. He was raised to first-rank earl.

九年，與三桂督兵復成都、嘉定，遣將徇重慶、敘州，皆下。明將王復臣等糾倮儸萬餘人犯保寧，列象陣攻城，國翰自綿州赴援，督兵橫擊敵，陣斬复臣，殲其眾。捷聞，進三等侯，賞紫貂冠服、H6金甲胄、櫜鞬、鞍馬。十年，以四川平，命與三桂還鎮漢中。十四年，明將譚文等與自成餘黨劉二虎等為寇，陷重慶，使所置都督杜子香守之。十五年，國翰與三桂進討之，自西充下合州，子香迎戰，敗遁，復重慶，道桐梓，趨遵義。明將李定國遣其將劉正國等據險拒戰，擊之潰，自水西走雲南，取遵義及所屬州縣；復進克開州，並招降水西土司。時大將軍羅託、經略洪承疇已取貴陽，國翰還駐遵義，策會師取雲南。七月，卒於軍。喪至京，命內大臣致奠，贈太子太保，諡敏壯，侯爵襲三次，循例改襲三等伯。乾隆中，加封號懋烈。

In the ninth year he and Sangui recovered Chengdu and Jiading and sent generals against Chongqing and Xuzhou, all of which fell. The Ming general Wang Fuchen mustered more than ten thousand Luo and Yi against Baoning and assaulted the walls with an elephant formation. Guohan marched from Mianzhou, struck the enemy in the flank, killed Fuchen on the field, and destroyed his army. On the victory report he was raised to third-rank marquis and rewarded with a sable hat and robe, gold armor, quiver and bow case, and a saddle horse. In the tenth year, with Sichuan pacified, he and Sangui were ordered back to Hanzhong. In the fourteenth year the Ming generals Tan Wen and Zicheng's remnant Liu Erhu raided, seized Chongqing, and left their appointed commander Du Zixiang to hold it. In the fifteenth year Guohan and Sangui marched against them, descended from Xichong on Hezhou, routed Zixiang, retook Chongqing, passed Tongzi, and pressed on Zunyi. Li Dingguo's generals Liu Zhengguo and others held the passes but were routed and fled from Shuixi toward Yunnan; Zunyi and its dependencies were taken; Kaizhou was taken next, and the Shuixi chiefs submitted. Grand General Luotuo and supreme commander Hong Chengchou had already taken Guiyang; Guohan garrisoned Zunyi and planned a joint advance into Yunnan. He died in camp in the seventh month. When the coffin reached the capital a grand minister was sent to offer sacrifice. He was posthumously made Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent with the title Vigorous and Strong. The marquisate could pass three times, then by regulation revert to third-rank earl. Under Qianlong the additional title Meritorious and Ardent was granted.

海爾圖，國翰長子。初從國翰軍擊賀珍，破袁韜，皆在行，授兵部理事官、牛錄額真。擢鑲藍旗漢軍梅勒額真，授戶部侍郎，坐事罷。遷本旗固山額真。康熙初，襲三等侯爵。定西將軍貝勒董鄂討叛將王輔臣，命海爾圖運砲赴軍前，並參贊軍務。尋以運砲遲誤，解參贊，留駐鳳翔。從征雲、貴，二十年，卒於軍。

Hai'ertu was Guohan's eldest son. He first followed Guohan against He Zhen and Yuan Tao and was present throughout. He was made an administrative officer of the Ministry of War and niru ejen. He was promoted to meirei ejen of the Han Bordered Blue Banner and made vice minister of revenue, but was dismissed after an offense. He was transferred to banner commander of his own banner. Early in Kangxi he inherited the third-rank marquisate. When Pacifier of the West Prince Dong'e campaigned against Wang Fuchen, Hai'ertu was ordered to bring cannon to the front and assist in planning. He was soon relieved for late delivery of the guns and left at Fengxiang. He joined the Yunnan-Guizhou campaign and died in camp in the twentieth year.

桑額，國翰第三子。康熙初，自參領擢寧夏總兵。遷雲南提督，未上官，吳三桂反，留駐荊州。改湖廣提督，移守武昌。從攻岳州，師進城陵磯，發砲沈敵艦，加右都督。三桂兵自洞庭湖出，桑額擊之卻，逐至岳州城下，三桂兵引去，收萬容、石首、安鄉諸縣，加左都督。詔趣進師，復以桑額為雲南提督，奏改湖廣提標兵為雲南提標，率之進克辰龍關，克辰州、沅州；復進克鎮遠、平越，下貴陽，趨雞公背。三桂兵焚鐵索橋走，桑額督土司沙起龍等築浮橋濟師。旋從大將軍貝子彰泰攻下雲南省城，其將馬寶、胡國柱自四川還救，桑額與副都統託岱等破寶於楚雄，寶走降；又與都統希福困國柱於永昌，國柱自經死。雲南平。

Sange was Guohan's third son. Early in Kangxi he rose from company commander to regional commander of Ningxia. He was transferred to Yunnan as provincial commander, but before taking office Wu Sangui rebelled and he was held at Jingzhou. He was made Huguang commander and posted to Wuchang. He joined the assault on Yuezhou. At Chenglingji his cannon sank enemy ships, and he was made Right Chief Commander. When Sangui's men came out of Dongting Lake, Sange drove them back to Yuezhou and recovered Wanrong, Shishou, Anxiang, and other counties. He was made Left Chief Commander. Ordered to advance quickly, he was again named Yunnan commander, converted the Huguang standard troops into the Yunnan standard force, and led them to take Chenlong Pass, Chenzhou, and Yuanzhou; then took Zhenyuan and Pingyue, entered Guiyang, and pressed toward Jigongbei. Sangui's men burned the iron-chain bridge and fled. Sange had the native chief Sha Qilong build a pontoon bridge for the army. He then followed Grand General Prince Zhangtai in taking the Yunnan capital. Ma Bao and Hu Guozhu marched back from Sichuan; Sange and vice commander Todai routed Bao at Chuxiong, and Bao fled and surrendered; then with commander Xifu besieged Guozhu at Yongchang until Guozhu hanged himself. Yunnan was pacified.

初，桑額標兵中道有潰散者，上遣左都御史哲勒肯按治，疏言標兵家口在武昌，無資養贍，逃回者千餘人。上切責桑額不恤士卒，部議奪職，命留任，敘功復職。二十五年，卒。

Earlier some of Sange's standard troops had broken on the march. The emperor sent Left Censor-in-Chief Zheleken to investigate; he reported that their families at Wuchang lacked support and more than a thousand men had deserted home. The emperor sharply rebuked Sange for neglecting his men. The ministry proposed dismissal, but he was kept in post and later restored on merit. He died in the twenty-fifth year.

卓布泰，瓜爾佳氏，滿洲鑲黃旗人。父衛齊，費英東第九弟。事太祖，從特爾晉等率兵伐虎爾哈，得五百戶以歸，授世職備禦。天聰初，從太宗伐明，略遵化，進世職游擊。上統大軍出征，每令衛齊留守盛京，任八門提督。卒。順治間，追諡端勤。子鰲拜，自有傳。

Zhuobutai was of the Guwalgiya clan, a Manchu of the Bordered Yellow Banner. His father Weiqi was the ninth younger brother of Fei Yingdong. Under the Taizu he joined Terjin against the Hurha, brought back five hundred households, and received a hereditary defensive rank. Early in Tiancong he joined the Taizong against the Ming, raided Zunhua, and was raised to guerrilla rank. Whenever the emperor marched out, Weiqi was left to guard Mukden as commander of the Eight Gates. He died. Under Shunzhi he was posthumously titled Upright and Diligent. His son Oboi has a separate biography.

卓布泰，其次子也。事太宗，授牛錄額真。崇德四年，從承政薩穆什喀、索海伐瑚爾哈部，鐸陳、阿薩津二城以兵四百逆戰，卓布泰與牛錄額真薩弼圖率甲士九十人擊敗之，斬級五十。敵復與索倫部長博穆博果爾合兵以拒，卓布泰率先邀擊，俘六十餘人。五年，擢甲喇額真。六年，從伐明，圍錦州，明總督洪承疇屯山口拒守。卓布泰與梅勒額真翁阿岱迎戰，明兵敗走，大軍合擊，復與翁阿岱力戰破敵。師還，敵躡我後，翁阿岱中創僕，卓布泰還殲敵，掖翁阿岱乘馬歸。七年，從伐明，徇山東至青州，屢敗明兵。明將張登科、和應薦等合八鎮兵來拒，卓布泰率兵奮擊，大破之，复乘夜襲破餘兵。八年，師還，賚白金，兼任兵部理事官。順治元年，偕甲喇額真沙爾瑚達略黑龍江，克圖瑚勒禪城，俘二百餘人。

Zhuobutai was his second son. Under the Taizong he was made niru ejen. In the fourth year of Chongde he followed Samushka and Suohai against the Hurha. The cities Duochen and Asajin met them with four hundred men; Zhuobutai and niru ejen Sabitu with ninety armored soldiers routed them and took fifty heads. The enemy joined the Solon chief Bombogor; Zhuobutai intercepted them first and took more than sixty prisoners. In the fifth year he was promoted to jalan ejen. In the sixth year he joined the siege of Jinzhou while Ming governor-general Hong Chengchou held the mountain pass. Zhuobutai and meirei ejen Wengadai gave battle, routed the Ming, and with the main army struck again to break them. On the return march the enemy pursued. Wengadai was wounded and fell; Zhuobutai turned back, destroyed the pursuers, and helped Wengadai onto a horse. In the seventh year he campaigned through Shandong to Qingzhou and repeatedly defeated Ming forces. Zhang Dengke, He Yingjian, and others mustered eight garrison armies against him; Zhuobutai routed them in a hard fight and that night overran the remnant. In the eighth year, on the army's return, he was rewarded with silver and made an administrative officer of the Ministry of War. In the first year of Shunzhi he raided the Amur with jalan ejen Sha'erhu, took Tuhulen, and captured more than two hundred men.

是冬，從大將軍豫親王多鐸西討李自成，次潼關，與固山額真恩格圖等迭戰破敵。二年，進克西安，自成走湖廣，與巴牙喇纛章京敦拜、阿爾津等追擊，殲敵騎三百。移師下江南，從貝勒博洛徇浙江，敗敵於杭州、於海寧、於平湖，得戰艦百餘。三年，復從徇福建，署梅勒額真。次延平，明唐王聿鍵走汀州，師從之，卓布泰別將兵攻克福州。敘功並考滿，進世職三等阿達哈哈番。

That winter he followed Grand General Prince Dorgon west against Li Zicheng, halted at Tong Pass, and with gushan ejen Engetu broke the enemy in successive fights. In the second year he took Xi'an. When Zicheng fled to Huguang, Zhuobutai with vanguard commander Dunbai and Arjin pursued and destroyed three hundred horsemen. The army moved into Jiangnan. Following Prince Bolo through Zhejiang, he defeated the enemy at Hangzhou, Haining, and Pinghu and seized more than a hundred war junks. In the third year he campaigned again in Fujian as acting meirei ejen. At Yanping the Ming Prince of Tang fled to Tingzhou; while the main force pursued, Zhuobutai with a detached column took Fuzhou. For merit and a satisfactory term review he was raised to third-rank adaha ha'an.

五年，從鄭親王濟爾哈朗下湖廣。六年，复署梅勒額真，與固山額真佟圖賴等自湘潭進克衡州。明將胡一清以步騎萬餘踞城南山岡，列七營，與佟圖賴合攻之，潰走；復進克道州、靖州。師還，優賚，授刑部侍郎。累擢內大臣、鑲黃旗滿洲固山額真，進世職二等阿思哈尼哈番。

In the fifth year he followed Prince Jirhalang of Zheng into Huguang. In the sixth year he again acted as meirei ejen and with gushan ejen Tuntu advanced from Xiangtan to take Hengzhou. Ming general Hu Yiqing held the southern hills outside the city with more than ten thousand foot and horse, drew up seven camps, and was routed when he and Tuntu attacked together. They then advanced and captured Daozhou and Jingzhou. When the army returned he was richly rewarded and made vice minister of the Board of Punishments. He rose to grand minister of the interior and gushan ejen of the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner, and his hereditary rank was raised to second-rank ashan i ha'an.

十四年，授征南將軍，率師至廣西會湖南、四川兩軍規取雲、貴。十五年九月，師次獨山，與信郡王多尼及吳三桂會約師期，語詳洪承疇傳。卓布泰率兵自都勻進次盤江，明兵聞師至，沉舟，潛匿山谷中。卓布泰用土司岑繼魯言，渡下流取所沉舟，中夜濟師。明將李承爵以萬餘人屯涼水井，師進擊破之，攻雙河口山寨。明將李定國以像陣拒戰，擊潰之。定國悉眾為三十營，列柵固守，卓布泰分軍為三隊，張左右翼以進，再戰皆勝，追奔四十餘裡，獲其像、馬。聞明兵尚堅守鐵索橋，乃自普安間道進羅平，會信郡王等軍攻克雲南省城，明桂王奔永昌。十六年二月，從貝勒尚善等進軍鎮南，破白文選於玉龍關，渡瀾滄江，取永昌，明桂王奔騰越，師復進，渡潞江。定國以六千人伏磨盤山，卓布泰分兵為八隊，以火器發其伏，掩擊，斬殺過半，遂克騰越。明桂王奔緬甸，卓布泰乘勝追擊，越南甸至猛卯而還。捷聞，賚蟒服、鞍馬。

In the fourteenth year he was made general who pacifies the south, marched to Guangxi, joined the Hunan and Sichuan forces, and planned the conquest of Yunnan and Guizhou. In the ninth month of the fifteenth year the army halted at Dushan, where he met Prince Duo Ni of Xin and Wu Sangui to set the date of advance; the account is given in Hong Chengchou's biography. Zhuobutai marched from Duyun to the Pan River. Hearing of his approach, the Ming forces sank their boats and concealed themselves in the valleys. At the suggestion of native chieftain Cen Jilu, Zhuobutai crossed downstream, recovered the sunken boats, and moved the army across the river in the dead of night. Ming general Li Chengjue encamped at Liangshui Well with more than ten thousand men. The army advanced, routed him, and attacked the stockade at Shuanghekou. Ming general Li Dingguo fought with an elephant formation and was routed. Dingguo massed his entire force in thirty fortified camps. Zhuobutai split his army into three columns, advanced with both wings extended, won two battles in succession, pursued the enemy more than forty li, and seized their elephants and horses. Learning that Ming forces still held the iron-chain bridge, he took a detour from Pu'an toward Luoping, joined Prince Duo Ni's army, and captured the Yunnan provincial capital; the Ming Prince of Gui fled to Yongchang. In the second month of the sixteenth year he marched on Zhennan with Prince Shangshan, routed Bai Wenxuan at Yulong Pass, crossed the Lancang River, and took Yongchang. The Ming Prince of Gui fled to Tengyue; the army pressed on and crossed the Lu River. Dingguo ambushed six thousand men on Mopan Mountain. Zhuobutai divided his force into eight companies, flushed the ambush with firearms, struck from cover, killed more than half the enemy, and captured Tengyue. The Ming Prince of Gui fled into Burma. Zhuobutai pursued in triumph through southern Dian to Mengmao and then withdrew. On report of the victory he was granted python robes and saddled horses.

康熙元年二月，師還，上命內大臣迎勞。尋追論在軍勘將士功罪不實，與議政王貝勒爭辨語怨望，論絞籍沒，上命寬之，奪世職，罷都統。三年，复世職。八年，復以弟鰲拜得罪，奪世職。十六年，再复世職。十七年，卒，諡武襄。

In the second month of Kangxi 1 the army returned, and the emperor sent a grand minister to welcome it. He was soon charged with falsifying battlefield merit and fault among officers and soldiers, and in arguing with the regent prince spoke resentfully. Sentenced to strangulation and confiscation, he was spared by the emperor but stripped of his hereditary rank and removed as dutong. In the third year his hereditary rank was restored. In the eighth year his hereditary rank was again revoked when his younger brother Oboi fell from favor. In the sixteenth year his hereditary rank was restored again. He died in the seventeenth year and was posthumously titled Wuxiang.

巴哈，卓布泰弟。事太宗，以一等侍衛授議政大臣。順治初，入關，從肅親王豪格徵張獻忠有功，世職累進一等甲喇章京。睿親王討姜瓖，巴哈請從征，王勿許，拂衣起，坐論死，命罰鍰以贖。睿親王攝政，巴哈兄弟獨不附。肅親王卒於獄，子富綬尚幼，尚書宗室鞏阿岱議殺之，巴哈及內大臣哈什屯持不可，乃止。鞏阿岱因與弟錫翰及內大臣西訥布庫等欲構陷以罪，聞上嘉其勤勞，議乃寢。世祖親政，使證鞏阿岱等罪狀，皆坐誅。復命為議政大臣，世職累進一等阿思哈尼哈番，加少傅兼太子太傅，授領侍衛內大臣。鰲拜得罪，坐罷官奪世職。卒。

Baha was Zhuobutai's younger brother. Under the Taizong he served as a first-rank bodyguard and was made a deliberative minister. At the start of Shunzhi he entered the pass and followed Prince Haoge of Su against Zhang Xianzhong with distinction; his hereditary rank rose to first-rank jalan janggin. When the Prince Regent marched against Jiang Xiang, Baha asked to join the campaign. Refused, he rose angrily and left. Condemned to death by sitting, he was allowed to redeem himself with a fine. During the Prince Regent's regency, the Baha brothers alone refused to align with him. After Prince Su died in prison his son Fushou was still a child. Minister Gongadai proposed killing him, but Baha and Grand Minister Hashitun objected and the plan was abandoned. Gongadai, his brother Xihan, Grand Minister Sinabuku, and others tried to frame him, but when they learned the emperor praised his diligence the plot was dropped. Once the Shizu took personal rule, Baha testified against Gongadai and the others, and all were put to death. He was again made a deliberative minister, raised to first-rank ashan i ha'an, appointed junior tutor and grand tutor of the heir apparent, and made chief grand minister of the guard. When Oboi fell, he was dismissed and stripped of his hereditary rank. He died.

蘇勒達，巴哈子。事聖祖，授侍衛。累遷鑲黃旗蒙古都統、領侍衛內大臣。上親征噶爾丹，從行，贊議進擊，复扈上巡行塞北，賜內廝馬。卒，諡恪僖。

Suleda was Baha's son. Under the Shengzu he was appointed a bodyguard. He rose to Mongol dutong of the Bordered Yellow Banner and chief grand minister of the guard. On the emperor's personal campaign against Galdan he accompanied the army, urged an offensive, later escorted the emperor on a northern frontier tour, and received an imperial stable horse. He died and was posthumously titled Kexi.

卓羅，滿洲正白旗人，巴篤理子也。卓羅襲三等副將，兼任牛錄額真。崇德三年，從伐明，薄明都，明太監楊永盛出戰，卓羅以三百人擊敗之，遂進略山東。四年，圍錦州，入其郛，獲守備一。六年，复圍錦州，擊敗明總督洪承疇。八年，授刑部參政。

Zhuoluo was a Manchu of the Plain White Banner and a son of Baduli. Zhuoluo inherited third-rank deputy general and concurrently served as niru ejen. In Chongde 3 he joined the campaign against the Ming and approached the capital. When the Ming eunuch Yang Yongsheng came out to fight, Zhuoluo routed him with three hundred men and then overran Shandong. In the fourth year he besieged Jinzhou, entered the outer rampart, and captured a defending officer. In the sixth year he again invested Jinzhou and defeated Ming governor-general Hong Chengchou. In the eighth year he was appointed vice director of the Board of Punishments.

順治初，從入關，破李自成，進世職一等梅勒章京，擢正白旗梅勒額真。三年，從大將軍順承郡王勒克德渾下湖廣，敗自成黨一隻虎於荊州。師還，賚黃金十兩、白金三百兩。是時明桂王由榔駐武岡，其將王進才等分守長沙、衡州、寶慶。大將軍恭順王孔有德等收湖南諸郡縣，命卓羅及梅勒額真藍拜率師益有德。四年，自岳州趨長沙，進才棄城走，卓羅等追擊敗之。遂與智順王尚可喜共擊敗明總兵徐松節，率舟師還長沙。遣甲喇額真張國柱、札蘇藍等以偏師擊敗明總兵楊國棟於天心湖。卓羅會有德下祁陽，道熊羆嶺，克其城。進攻武岡，擊敗明將劉承胤於夕陽橋，承胤降。明桂王走桂林，遂取武岡。五年，師還，上賚如自荊州還時。累擢吏部尚書，兼鑲白旗滿洲固山額真，進一等精奇尼哈番兼拖沙喇哈番。九年十一月，授靖南將軍，下廣東。旋以廣東垂定，罷。

At the start of Shunzhi he entered the pass, defeated Li Zicheng, was raised to first-rank meirei janggin, and promoted to meirei ejen of the Plain White Banner. In the third year he followed the great general Prince Jirhalang of Shuncheng into Huguang and routed Li Zicheng's follower Yizhihu at Jingzhou. When the army returned he was granted ten taels of gold and three hundred taels of silver. At that time the Ming Prince of Gui Zhu Youlang was at Wugang, while his generals Wang Jincai and others held Changsha, Hengzhou, and Baoqing. Great general Prince Gongshun Kong Youde recovered Hunan's prefectures and counties and ordered Zhuoluo and meirei ejen Lanbai to reinforce him. In the fourth year he marched from Yuezhou on Changsha. Jincai abandoned the city and fled; Zhuoluo pursued and defeated him. He then joined Prince Zhishun Shang Kexi in defeating Ming regional commander Xu Songjie and returned to Changsha by boat. He sent jalan ejen Zhang Guozhu, Jasulan, and others with a detached column to rout Ming regional commander Yang Guodong at Tianxin Lake. Zhuoluo joined Youde at Qiyang, crossed Xiongpi Ridge, and captured the city. Advancing on Wugang he defeated Ming general Liu Chengyin at Xiyang Bridge, and Chengyin surrendered. The Ming Prince of Gui fled to Guilin, and Wugang fell. In the fifth year, on the army's return, the emperor rewarded him as on his return from Jingzhou. He rose to minister of the Board of Personnel and gushan ejen of the Manchu Plain White Banner, and was raised to first-rank jingkini ha'an with tosoro ha'an. In the eleventh month of the ninth year he was made general who pacifies the south and marched into Guangdong. Soon afterward, with Guangdong nearly pacified, the appointment was revoked.

十二年八月，命與固山額真阿爾津帥師屯荊州，時張獻忠將孫可望、李定國、白文選等降於明，屯辰州。十三年八月，卓羅與阿爾津道澧州、常德，下辰州，可望焚舟夜遁，卓羅與梅勒額真泰什哈、巴牙喇纛章京費雅思哈等率兵渡江攻之，遂克辰州。十四年，可望詣長沙降，定國、文選等從明桂王入雲南。

In the twelfth month of the twelfth year he and gushan ejen A'erjin were ordered to encamp at Jingzhou. Zhang Xianzhong's generals Sun Kewang, Li Dingguo, and Bai Wenxuan had by then surrendered to the Ming and held Chenzhou. In the eighth month of the thirteenth year Zhuoluo and A'erjin passed through Lizhou and Changde and marched on Chenzhou. Kewang burned his boats and fled by night; Zhuoluo crossed the river with meirei ejen Taishiha, bayara da janggin Feiyasihha, and others and captured Chenzhou. In the fourteenth year Kewang surrendered at Changsha; Dingguo, Wenxuan, and the others entered Yunnan with the Ming Prince of Gui.

十五年，規取雲南，吳三桂自四川，征南將軍卓布泰自廣西，卓羅從信郡王多尼自湖南，三道並進。十六年正月，合攻雲南，克之，屢敗文選、定國兵，收永昌、騰越，追擊至南甸。命卓羅守雲南，賚蟒服、鞍馬。明桂王奔緬甸，定國屯孟艮，以印劄招元江土司那嵩。十月，卓羅與噶布什賢噶喇昂邦白爾赫圖等共擊之，克其城，那嵩自焚死。十八年，定西將軍愛星阿與三桂帥師入緬甸，卓羅仍守雲南。緬甸執明桂王詣軍，雲南平。康熙元年，召卓羅振旅還京，進二等伯。七年，卒，諡忠襄。乾隆間，定封號曰昭毅。

In the fifteenth year, as Yunnan was targeted, Wu Sangui came from Sichuan, General Zhuobutai from Guangxi, and Zhuoluo followed Prince Duo Ni from Hunan; all three columns advanced together. In the first month of the sixteenth year they jointly attacked and captured Yunnan, repeatedly routed Wenxuan and Dingguo, recovered Yongchang and Tengyue, and pursued to Nandian. Zhuoluo was ordered to hold Yunnan and was granted python robes and saddled horses. The Ming Prince of Gui fled into Burma. Dingguo held Menggen and summoned the Yuanjiang chieftain Na Song with sealed documents. In the tenth month Zhuoluo, gabushiyan gala angbang Ba'erhetu, and others attacked jointly, captured the city, and Na Song burned himself to death. In the eighteenth year General Aixing'a and Sangui marched into Burma while Zhuoluo remained to guard Yunnan. Burma handed over the Ming Prince of Gui to the army, and Yunnan was pacified. In Kangxi 1 Zhuoluo was recalled to the capital with the army and was raised to second-rank baron. He died in the seventh year and was posthumously titled Zhongxiang. In the Qianlong reign his noble title was fixed as Zhaoyi.

永慶，卓羅四世孫。乾隆間，以護軍參領降襲三等伯。旋擢副都統。從征準噶爾有功，加雲騎尉，仍進二等伯。出為烏魯木齊副都統。遷江寧將軍，移綏遠城將軍。召還，擢禮部尚書。罷，授內大臣。嘉慶十年七月，卒，諡敬僖。旋以在綏遠城嘗受賕，事露，奪諡。

Yongqing was Zhuoluo's fourth-generation descendant. In the Qianlong reign he inherited the third-rank baron with reduced rank as a guard lieutenant colonel. He was soon promoted to vice dutong. For merit on campaign against the Dzungars he received yunqi wei and was again raised to second-rank baron. He was posted as vice dutong of Urumqi. He became general of Jiangning and then general of Suiyuancheng. Recalled to court, he was promoted to minister of the Board of Rites. After dismissal he was appointed grand minister of the interior. He died in the seventh month of Jiaqing 10 and was posthumously titled Jingxi. Soon afterward his posthumous title was revoked when it came to light that he had accepted a bribe at Suiyuancheng.

愛星阿，滿洲正黃旗人，揚古利孫也。父塔瞻，襲封一等公，卒，愛星阿襲封。世祖念揚古利舊勞，命加給三等阿達哈哈番俸。順治八年，授領侍衛內大臣。

Aixing'a was a Manchu of the Plain Yellow Banner and a grandson of Yangguli. His father Tazan held first-rank duke; on his death Aixing'a inherited the title. Mindful of Yangguli's old service, the Shizu granted an additional third-rank adaha ha'an stipend. In Shunzhi 8 he was appointed chief grand minister of the guard.

明桂王由榔與其將沐天波等奔緬甸，李定國居孟艮，白文選屯木邦，皆在雲南邊外。上命吳三桂鎮雲南，三桂疏請發兵入緬甸取由榔。十七年，授愛星阿定西將軍，與都統卓羅、果爾欽、遜塔，護軍統領畢力克圖、費雅思哈，前鋒統領白爾赫圖率禁旅會三桂南征。十八年，師行，聞世祖大行，三桂猶豫不進。愛星阿曰：「君命不可棄。」督兵先行，三日，三桂乃發。九月，師次大理，休兵秣馬。踰月，出騰越，道南甸、隴川、猛卯。十一月，至木邦，獲文選將馮國恩，訊知文選屯錫箔江濱，定國與不協，走景線。愛星阿令白爾赫圖等簡精銳，疾馳三百餘里至江濱，文選已毀橋走茶山。大軍至，結筏以濟，遣總兵馬寧、沈應時追之。愛星阿與三桂督師趨緬甸，時緬甸酋盡殺桂王從官天波以下數十人，密使人守之，謀擒以歸我師。十二月，師次舊晚坡，去其庭六十里，緬甸使詣軍前請遣兵薄城，當以桂王獻。愛星阿遣白爾赫圖將前鋒百人進，次蘭鳩江濱；復令畢力克圖等將護軍二百人繼其後，緬甸以舟載桂王及其孥並故從官妻女獻軍前。寧、應時追文選及於猛養，文選度不能脫，遂降。定國走死猛獵。捷聞，聖祖諭嘉獎，命以愛星阿所俘獲畀三桂區處，振旅還京師。加太保兼太子太保，敕書增紀軍功。

The Ming Prince of Gui Zhu Youlang fled to Burma with generals such as Mu Tianbo; Li Dingguo held Menggen and Bai Wenxuan Mubang, both beyond Yunnan's frontier. The emperor ordered Wu Sangui to garrison Yunnan. Sangui asked permission to march into Burma and seize Youlang. In the seventeenth year Aixing'a was made general who pacifies the west. With dutong Zhuoluo, Guo'erqin, and Xunta, guard commander Biliketu, Feiyasihha, and vanguard commander Ba'erhetu he led the imperial guard to join Sangui's southern campaign. In the eighteenth year, as the army set out, news arrived of the Shizu's death; Sangui hesitated to advance. Aixing'a said, "The ruler's command must not be abandoned." He pressed the troops forward; three days later Sangui followed. In the ninth month the army halted at Dali to rest the men and feed the horses. A month later they marched from Tengyue by way of Nandian, Longchuan, and Mengmao. In the eleventh month they reached Mubang and captured Wenxuan's general Feng Guoen. From him they learned that Wenxuan held the Xibo River, that he and Dingguo were at odds, and that Dingguo had gone to Jingxian. Aixing'a ordered Ba'erhetu and others to pick elite troops and ride more than three hundred li to the river. Wenxuan had already destroyed the bridge and fled to Chashan. When the main army arrived it rafted across and sent regional commanders Ma Ning and Shen Yingshi in pursuit. Aixing'a and Sangui led the army toward Burma. The Burmese chief had secretly killed dozens of the Prince of Gui's followers from Tianbo downward, kept the prince under guard, and plotted to hand him to our army. In the twelfth month the army halted at Jiuwanpo, sixty li from the Burmese court. A Burmese envoy asked that troops be sent to press the city, promising to deliver the Prince of Gui. Aixing'a sent Ba'erhetu forward with one hundred vanguard troops, halting on the bank of the Lanjiu River; He then ordered Biliketu and others to follow with two hundred guards. Burma brought the Prince of Gui, his family, and the wives and daughters of his former followers by boat to the army. Ma Ning and Shen Yingshi pursued Wenxuan to Mengyang; seeing no escape, Wenxuan surrendered. Dingguo fled and died at Menglie. On report of victory the Shengzu praised and rewarded him, ordered Aixing'a's captives turned over to Sangui for disposition, and the army returned in triumph to the capital. He was made grand tutor and grand tutor of the heir apparent; an imperial letter recorded his military merit.

康熙三年二月，卒，諡敬康。

He died in the second month of Kangxi 3 and was posthumously titled Jingkang.

子富善，襲。授領侍衛內大臣。聖祖親征噶爾丹，富善將鑲紅旗兵扈上出中路，進次克魯倫河，閱選駝馬，徵輸芻粟，皆當上意。師還，加太子太保。卒。乾隆初，追諡恭懿。

His son Fushan inherited the title. He was appointed chief grand minister of the guard. On the Shengzu's personal campaign against Galdan, Fushan led Bordered Red Banner troops to escort the emperor on the central route. At the Kerulen River he inspected camels and horses and requisitioned fodder and grain—all to the emperor's satisfaction. When the army returned he was made grand tutor of the heir apparent. He died. In early Qianlong his posthumous title was revised to Gongyi.

遜塔，滿洲鑲藍旗人，安費揚古孫也。父碩爾輝。安費揚古既卒，太祖以所屬人戶分編牛錄，授碩爾輝牛錄額真。卒，遜塔嗣。太宗嘉其能，予世職牛錄章京。崇德三年，授戶部副理事官。是冬伐明，貝勒岳託將右翼自牆子嶺入邊，遜塔署甲喇額真，從噶布什賢噶喇依昂邦席特庫等擊破明總督吳阿衡軍，遂越明都，略山東。明年春，師出邊，明兵躡我後，遜塔從巴牙喇纛章京圖賴等奮戰卻之。明兵侵喀喇沁營，遜塔移兵赴援，明兵潰走。六年，圍錦州，明總督洪承疇赴援，屯松山，遜塔與甲喇額真藍拜率兵擊之，破三壘。明兵乘陰雨犯我師右翼，復與藍拜步戰卻敵。八年，授甲喇額真。

Xunta was a Manchu of the Bordered Blue Banner and a grandson of Amba Beile Eifu. His father was Suo'erhui. After Eifu died, the Taizu reorganized his households into niru and appointed Suo'erhui niru ejen. On his death Xunta succeeded him. The Taizong praised his ability and granted the hereditary rank of niru janggin. In Chongde 3 he was appointed vice director of the Board of Revenue. That winter, on campaign against the Ming, Prince Yoto led the right wing in at Qiangziling. Acting as jalan ejen, Xunta with gabushiyan gala angbang Xitekui and others routed Ming governor Wu Aheng's army, passed the Ming capital, and overran Shandong. The next spring, as the army withdrew, Ming troops trailed the rear. Xunta with bayara da janggin Tului and others fought hard and drove them off. When Ming troops attacked the Kharachin camp, Xunta moved to relieve it and the Ming army fled. In the sixth year he besieged Jinzhou. When Ming governor-general Hong Chengchou came to relieve the city and encamped at Songshan, Xunta with jalan ejen Lanbai attacked and broke three fortifications. Ming troops exploited rainy weather to strike our right wing; he again fought on foot with Lanbai and repulsed them. In the eighth year he was appointed jalan ejen.

順治元年，從入關，破李自成，進世職三等甲喇章京。三年，從大將軍肅親王豪格西討張獻忠，道漢中，與固山額真巴哈納等擊破叛將賀珍，進次西充。獻忠率其徒拒戰，遜塔與固山額真李國翰等迭擊破之。五年，師還，兼任刑部理事官。命率師駐防淮安。六年，莒州土寇曹良臣破海州，知州張懋勳、州同李士麟死之。遜塔督兵赴援，良臣走保馬髻山，進擊破之。時設浙淮鹽務理事、兼戶部侍郎銜，上以命遜塔，駐揚州。七年，改督理漕運戶部侍郎，仍駐淮安。八年，官裁，遜塔還京，授鑲藍旗滿洲梅勒額真。遇恩詔，進世職三等阿思哈尼哈番。

In Shunzhi 1 he entered the pass, defeated Li Zicheng, and was raised to third-rank jalan janggin. In the third year he followed the great general Prince Haoge of Su west against Zhang Xianzhong, passed Hanzhong, and with gushan ejen Bahana and others defeated rebel general He Zhen and advanced to Xichong. Xianzhong led his followers to resist; Xunta with gushan ejen Li Guohan and others repeatedly routed them. In the fifth year, on the army's return, he concurrently served as director of the Board of Punishments. He was ordered to garrison Huai'an with his troops. In the sixth year Juzhou bandit Cao Liangchen stormed Haizhou; Prefect Zhang Maoxun and Assistant Prefect Li Shilin were killed. Xunta marched to relieve the city; Liangchen fled to Maji Mountain and was defeated in the pursuit. He was then appointed to manage Zhejiang-Huai salt with the concurrent rank of vice minister of the Board of Revenue and stationed at Yangzhou. In the seventh year he became vice minister of the Board of Revenue supervising grain transport, still based at Huai'an. In the eighth year the office was abolished; Xunta returned to the capital and was made meirei ejen of the Manchu Bordered Blue Banner. On an amnesty edict he was raised to third-rank ashan i ha'an.

十三年，授工部尚書。十五年，監修壇殿工成，進世職二等。尋兼授鑲藍旗蒙古固山額真。十七年，罷尚書，專任都統。旋命從定西大將軍愛星阿率師下雲南，明年十一月，會師木邦，趨緬甸，得明桂王以歸。敘功，進世職一等拖沙喇哈番。四年，調本旗滿洲都統。十二月，卒，諡忠襄。

In the thirteenth year he was appointed minister of the Board of Works. In the fifteenth year, when the altar and hall construction he supervised was finished, his hereditary rank was raised to second rank. He was soon also made Mongol gushan ejen of the Bordered Blue Banner. In the seventeenth year he was dismissed as minister and served only as dutong. He was soon ordered to follow General Aixing'a into Yunnan; in the eleventh month of the following year the armies united at Mubang, marched into Burma, and brought back the Ming Prince of Gui. For merit he was raised to first-rank tosoro ha'an. In the fourth year he was transferred to Manchu dutong of his banner. He died in the twelfth month and was posthumously titled Zhongxiang.

子馬錫泰，襲世職，授佐領，兼前鋒參領。康熙間，從信郡王鄂札徵察哈爾布爾尼，師次達祿，布爾尼屯山岡，列火器拒戰，馬錫泰率前鋒薄險，四戰皆捷，進世職三等精奇尼哈番。又從討吳三桂，遷本旗滿洲副都統。自湖廣出廣西，下雲南，石門坎、黃草壩諸戰，皆在行間。進破雲南省城，逐賊楚雄，降三桂將馬寶、巴養元等。師還，進世職一等。卒，孫德彝，降襲一等阿思哈尼哈番。乾隆初，定封一等男。

His son Maxitai inherited the hereditary rank, became an assistant commandant, and concurrently served as vanguard lieutenant colonel. In the Kangxi reign he followed Prince Ezha of Xin against the Chahar Bulwani. At Dalu, Bulwani held the heights with firearms; Maxitai led the vanguard through the difficult ground, won four battles in succession, and was raised to third-rank jingkini ha'an. He later joined the campaign against Wu Sangui and became vice dutong of his banner's Manchu force. From Huguang he entered Guangxi and Yunnan, fighting at Shimenkan, Huangcaba, and elsewhere in the front ranks. He stormed the Yunnan provincial capital, pursued the rebels to Chuxiong, and received the surrender of Sangui's generals Ma Bao, Ba Yangyuan, and others. When the army returned his hereditary rank was raised to first rank. On his death his grandson Deyi inherited with reduction to first-rank ashan i ha'an. In early Qianlong the noble title was fixed as first-rank baron.

都爾德，亦安費揚古孫。父阿爾岱，以牛彔額眞事太宗，駐耀州，禦明兵有功。從攻大凌河，戰死，贈世職備禦，都爾德襲。順治初，授刑部理事官。從入關，擊李自成，署巴牙喇纛章京。從豫親王多鐸西征，戰陝州，督兵陟山拔其壘，復破敵潼關。尋自河南下江南，逐明福王由崧至蕪湖，截江而戰，大敗之。復從端重親王博洛定浙江，徇福建，偕巴牙喇纛章京阿濟格尼堪攻汀州，破明唐王聿鍵。復從鄭親王濟爾哈朗略湖廣，討李自成餘黨李錦等。師還，眞除巴牙喇纛章京，授議政大臣，世職累進一等阿思哈尼哈番。康熙三年，卒，賜祭葬，諡忠襄。

Duerde was also a grandson of Eifu. His father A'erdai served the Taizong as niru ejen at Yaozhou and had merit repelling Ming troops. He died fighting at Dalinghe and was posthumously granted the hereditary rank of beye; Duerde inherited it. At the start of Shunzhi he was appointed director of the Board of Punishments. Entering the pass he fought Li Zicheng and served as acting bayara da janggin. Following Prince Dorgon of Yu west, he fought at Shaanzhou, stormed the heights, and again defeated the enemy at Tong Pass. He then came down from Henan into Jiangnan, pursued the Ming Prince of Fu Zhu Yousong to Wuhu, fought on the river, and routed him. He again followed Prince Duanzhong Bolo in pacifying Zhejiang and Fujian and, with bayara da janggin Ajigenikan, attacked Tingzhou and broke the Ming Prince of Tang Zhu Yujian. He again followed Prince Jirhalang of Zheng through Huguang against Li Zicheng's remaining followers such as Li Jin. On the army's return he was confirmed as bayara da janggin, made a deliberative minister, and raised to first-rank ashan i ha'an. He died in Kangxi 3, was granted state funeral rites, and was posthumously titled Zhongxiang.

論曰：順治初，取福、唐二王，不再期而定。桂王勢更蹙，以有闖、獻餘眾死寇力戰，支拄十餘年。陳泰定湖北，兵力至常、岳，阿爾津繼之，奄有湖南。李國翰略四川、貴州，卓布泰下雲南，卓羅從信郡王為之佐；愛星阿繼之，遜塔為之佐；與吳三桂合軍，深入緬甸取桂王：明宗至是始盡熸矣。

The commentary says: At the start of Shunzhi the Princes of Fu and Tang were taken in little more than a season. The Prince of Gui was in even direr straits, yet with Li and Zhang's remnant armies fighting to the death he held out for more than ten years. Chen Tai pacified Hubei and reached Changde and Yuezhou; A'erjin followed and quickly held Hunan. Li Guohan overran Sichuan and Guizhou, Zhuobutai took Yunnan, and Zhuoluo served under Prince Duo Ni; Aixing'a succeeded them, with Xunta as his assistant; Uniting with Wu Sangui, they marched deep into Burma and captured the Prince of Gui—the Ming imperial line was extinguished at last.

Cite this Chapter