1
索尼，赫舍里氏，滿洲正黄旗人。 父碩色，大學士希福兄也，太祖時，自哈達挈家來歸。 太祖以其兄弟父子並通國書及蒙、漢文字，命碩色與希福同直文館，賜號「巴克什」。 授索尼一等侍衛。 從征界籓、棟夔。
Sonin belonged to the Heseri clan and came from the Manchu Plain Yellow Banner. His father Shuose was elder brother to Grand Secretary Xifu; during Taizu’s reign the family left Hada and came over to the dynasty. Since both brothers and their sons mastered the national script as well as Mongol and Chinese, Taizu had Shuose and Xifu attend the Literary Institute together and granted them the title Bakshi. He was made a first-class imperial guardsman. He took the field in expeditions to Jiefan and Dongkui.
2
天聰元年，從太宗攻錦州，偵敵甯遠，並有功。
In Tiancong year one he followed Emperor Taizong against Jinzhou, scouted the foe at Ningyuan, and distinguished himself in each action.
3
二年，上親征喀爾喀，徵兵外籓，科爾沁不至。 命索尼與侍衛阿珠祜齎諭飭責土謝圖額駙奥巴。 初，奥巴爲台吉，入朝，太祖以貝勒舒爾哈齊女妻焉。 既而奥巴屢背約，私與明通，復徵兵不至。 索尼受方略行，既入境，其部人饋以牲，索尼不受，曰：「爾汗有異心，爾物豈可食耶？」 時奥巴病足，索尼與阿珠祜見公主，以諭旨告。 奥巴聞之，扶掖至，佯問曰：「此爲誰？」 索尼曰：「吾儕天使也！ 爾有罪，義當絕。 今特以公主故，使來餽問耳。」 奥巴顧左右趣具饌，索尼等不顧而出。 奥巴恐，使台吉塞冷等請其事。 索尼出璽書示之，即令從者先行。 奥巴得書大驚，令所屬大臣跽留，索尼責以大義，奥巴叩首悔罪，願入朝。 索尼與阿珠祜偕其大臣黨阿賴先歸奏狀，帝甚悦。
In year two the throne led a personal expedition against the Khalkha; levies from the outer banners were called, but the Khorchin failed to appear. The court sent Sonin and guardsman Azhuhu with imperial instructions to reprimand Tuxie Tu taiji Oba. Previously, while Oba was still a taiji, he visited court and Taizu married him to a daughter of Prince Shuerhaqi. Thereafter Oba broke faith again and again, trafficked privately with the Ming, and once more ignored the call for troops. Sonin executed the plan entrusted to him; on entering the territory, tribesmen offered livestock, but he refused, saying, "Your khan is disloyal—how could I accept your food?" Oba’s feet were then diseased; Sonin and Azhuhu saw the princess and conveyed the edict. Hearing this, Oba had himself helped forward and pretended to ask, "Who are you?" Sonin replied, "We are the emperor’s envoys! You stand guilty and deserve extinction. We come now solely for the princess’s sake, to bring inquiries." Oba signaled his attendants to prepare a banquet, but Sonin and his party departed without looking back. Fearing the consequences, Oba sent taiji Saileng and others to learn their purpose. Sonin displayed the sealed imperial letter and ordered his followers to proceed first. Reading the document, Oba was terrified and had his ministers kneel to detain the envoys; Sonin upbraided him on moral grounds until Oba kowtowed in remorse and pledged to attend court. Sonin and Azhuhu came back first with minister Dangalai to present their report, and the emperor was highly pleased.
4
三年，從大軍入關，薄燕京，明督師袁崇煥赴援，列營城東南。 貝勒豪格突入陣，敵兵蹙之，矢石如雨。 索尼躍馬馳入，斬殺甚眾，拔豪格破圍出。
In year three he marched with the main force through the frontier, drew near Beijing, and when Ming commander Yuan Chonghuan hurried to the relief he pitched camps southeast of the city. Prince Hooge broke into the enemy line; troops closed around him while arrows and stones poured down. Sonin galloped in, slew a great number, and cut a path to rescue Hooge from the siege.
5
四年，諭降榛子鎮、沙河驛，拔永平，守之。
In year four he helped reduce Zhenzi Town and Shahe Courier Station, seized Yongping, and held it.
6
五年，擢吏部啟心郎。 從圍大凌河。 明兵自錦州來援，敗之。
In year five he rose to Qixinlang in the Board of Civil Appointments. He took part in besieging Dalinghe. Ming forces marching from Jinzhou to relieve the fortress were beaten off.
7
六年，從征察哈爾，略大同，取阜臺台寨。 尋予牛錄章京世職，仍直内院。
In year six he joined the expedition against the Chahar, raided Datong, and captured the Fotai platform fort. He was soon given the hereditary post of niru captain while still serving in the inner court.
8
崇德八年，考績，進三等甲喇章京。
In Chongde year eight, at the performance review, he was promoted to third-rank ala captain.
9
太宗崩后五日，睿親王多爾衮詣三官廟，召索尼議册立。 索尼曰：「先帝有皇子在，必立其一。 他非所知也。」 是夕，巴牙喇纛章京圖賴詣索尼，告以定立皇子。 黎明，兩黄旗大臣盟於大清門，令兩旗巴牙喇兵張弓挾矢，環立宫殿，率以詣崇政殿。 諸王大臣列坐東西廡，索尼及巴圖魯鄂拜首言立皇子，睿親王令暫退。 英親王阿濟格、豫親王多鐸勸睿親王即帝位，睿親王猶豫未允，豫親王曰：「若不允，當立我。 我名在太祖遺詔。」 睿親王曰：「肅親王亦有名，不獨王也。」 豫親王又曰：「不立我，論長當立禮親王。」 禮親王曰：「睿親王若允，我國之福。 否則當立皇子。 我老矣，能勝此耶？」 乃定議奉世祖即位。 索尼與譚泰、圖賴、鞏阿岱、錫翰、鄂拜盟於三官廟，誓輔幼主，六人如一體。 都統何洛會等訐告肅親王豪格，王坐廢，詔褒索尼不附王，賜鞍馬。
Five days after Taizong died, Prince Rui Dorgon came to the Sanguan Shrine and called Sonin to counsel on the succession. Sonin said, "The late emperor has sons—one of them must be raised to the throne. Beyond that I know nothing." That night Baturu banner captain Tulai visited Sonin and announced that a prince had been chosen. At daybreak ministers of the two Yellow Banners swore alliance at the Daqing Gate, drew up Baturu archers of both banners around the palace, and marched them to Chongzheng Hall. Princes and ministers took seats in the east and west wings; Sonin and warrior Ebai were first to urge enthroning a prince, whereupon Prince Rui called a pause. Prince Ying Ajige and Prince Yu Dodo pressed Prince Rui to become emperor; he still hesitated, and Prince Yu said, "If you will not, then set me on the throne—my name stands in Taizu’s will. My name stands in Taizu’s will." Prince Rui replied, "Prince Su is named as well—not you alone." Prince Yu added, "If not me, then by precedence it should be the Prince of Rites." The Prince of Rites said, "If Prince Rui accepts, it is the fortune of the state; if not, a prince must reign. I am aged; how could I sustain such a weight?" The assembly then resolved to enthrone the Shizu Emperor. Sonin joined Tan Tai, Tulai, Gongadai, Xi Han, and Ebai in oath at the Sanguan Shrine to aid the young sovereign, the six united as one. Commander-in-chief He Luohui impeached Prince Su Hooge; the prince was removed, and an edict commended Sonin for refusing to follow him, bestowing saddle and horse.
10
順治元年，從睿親王入關，定京師。
In Shunzhi year one he followed Prince Rui into China and established the capital.
11
二年，晉二等昂邦章京。 睿親王令解啟心郎職，仍理部事。 睿親王方擅政，譚泰、鞏阿岱、錫翰皆背盟附之，憾索尼不附。 李自成之敗也，焚宫殿西走。 至是議修建，睿親王亦營第，勼工庀材，工部給直偏厚，諸匠役皆急營王第。 佟機言於王，王怒，欲殺之。 索尼力言其無罪，王以是愈憾索尼。 英親王阿濟格慢上，目爲「八歲幼兒」，索尼以告睿親王，請罪之，王不許。 王嘗召諸大臣議分封諸王，索尼持不可。 鞏阿岱、錫翰進曰：「索尼不欲王平天下乎？」 請罪之，王亦不許。 索尼發固山額真譚泰隱匿詔旨，譚泰坐削公爵； 因訐索尼以内庫漆琴與人，及使牧者秣馬庫院，傔從捕魚禁門橋下，索尼遂坐罷。
In year two he was raised to second-rank angbang captain. Prince Rui removed him from Qixinlang but left him in charge of ministry business. While Prince Rui held arbitrary power, Tan Tai, Gongadai, and Xi Han broke their oaths to side with him and bore Sonin a grudge for standing apart. Li Zicheng’s defeat sent him burning the palaces as he fled westward. Reconstruction was debated; Prince Rui raised his own residence too, crowding workers and materials—the Board of Works paid lavish rates and all labor rushed the prince’s mansion. Tong Ji remonstrated with the prince, who in rage meant to put him to death. Sonin insisted on his innocence, which only deepened the prince’s dislike of Sonin. Prince Ying Ajige slighted the sovereign, calling him an "eight-year child"; Sonin told Prince Rui and sought penalties, but the prince refused. On one occasion the prince gathered ministers to parcel domains among princes; Sonin objected. Gongadai and Xi Han stepped forward saying, "Does Sonin not want the prince to bring the empire to peace?" They demanded his punishment, yet the prince again declined. Sonin denounced gusa ejen Tan Tai for hiding an edict, and Tan Tai was stripped of his dukedom; they then impeached Sonin for giving a lacquered qin from the inner treasury to another, for pasturing horses in the storehouse court, and for retainers fishing under the palace bridge—on these grounds Sonin was removed from office.
12
三年，巴牙喇纛章京圖賴劾譚泰怨望，詞涉索尼。 順治初，大軍分道剿賊西安，譚泰後至，無功。 及移師江南，譚泰慮勿預，語圖賴，甚怏怏。 圖賴遺書索尼，使啟睿親王，齎書者私發之，恐譚泰獲罪，沉諸河。 圖賴發前事，逮訊齎書者塞爾特，詭云書巳達索尼。 諸大臣論索尼罪當斬，王親鞫之，索尼曰：「吾前發譚泰匿詔旨罪，顧匿圖賴書以庇之乎？」 王窮訊齎書者，事得白。 尋復世職，然王與譚泰等憾索尼滋甚。
In year three Baturu banner captain Tulai charged Tan Tai with resentment, implicating Sonin in the wording. Early in Shunzhi the armies split to crush rebels at Xi’an; Tan Tai came late and gained no credit. On the move to the south Tan Tai feared exclusion, spoke with Tulai, and grew very bitter. Tulai wrote Sonin to raise the matter with Prince Rui; the courier opened it on his own, dreading Tan Tai’s ruin, and threw the letter into the river. Tulai revived the affair and arrested the courier Sailte, who falsely claimed the letter had reached Sonin. Ministers ruled Sonin should die; the prince interrogated him in person, and Sonin said, "I once denounced Tan Tai for concealing an edict—would I hide Tulai’s letter to protect him?" The prince examined the courier closely and the facts were cleared. His hereditary post was soon restored, but the prince, Tan Tai, and the others resented him still more fiercely.
13
五年，值清明，遣索尼祭昭陵，既行，貝子屯齊訐索尼與圖賴等謀立肅親王，論死，末減，奪官，籍其家，即安置昭陵。
In year five, on Qingming, Sonin was dispatched to offer sacrifice at Zhaoling; after he had departed, Prince Tunqi accused Sonin, Tulai, and others of scheming to raise Prince Su—the sentence was death, commuted in the end to loss of rank, confiscation of property, and immediate assignment at Zhaoling.
14
八年，世祖親政，特召還，復世職。 累進一等伯世襲，擢内大臣，兼議政大臣、總管内務府。
In year eight, when the Shunzhi Emperor assumed personal rule, Sonin was specially recalled and his hereditary post restored. He rose step by step to first-rank baron with hereditary succession, became inner minister, and also served as deliberating minister and superintendent of the Imperial Household.
15
十七年，應詔上言，略謂：「小民冤抑，有司不爲詳審者，請嚴察，使毋壅於上聞。 犯罪發覺，其奉有嚴旨者，有司輙從重比，不無枉濫。 請敕法司詳慎。 前議福建將士失律罪，在大將軍止削一不世襲之拜他喇布勒哈番，而所屬將領乃盡奪世職，輕重不平，有乖懲勸，請敕更正。 开國諸臣，自拜他喇布勒哈番以上皆有功業，宜予世襲； 其后恩詔所加，非有戰功，請毋給世襲敕書。 在外諸籓，風俗不齊，若必嚴以内定之例，恐反滋擾，請予以優容。 大臣奪據行市，奸宄之徒，投托指引，以攘貨財，四方商賈，負擔來京，輙復勒價强買。 諸王貝勒及大臣私引玉泉山水灌溉，泉流爲之竭。 邊外木植，皆商人雇民采伐。 今又爲大臣私行强占，致商不聊生。 大臣不殫心公事，惟飾宅第。 皆請申禁。 五城審事官，遇世族富家與窮民訟者，必罪窮民，曲意徇私，不思執法。 請嚴飭毋得枉屈賄庇。」 疏入，上以所奏皆實，飭議行。
In year seventeen, answering the throne’s invitation to memorialize, he wrote in part: "When humble subjects are wronged and officials fail to examine the case fully, strict oversight is needed so complaints are not stopped before they reach Your Majesty. When offenses come to light under stern edicts, magistrates often apply the harsher statute, and innocent men are not spared—command the law officers to judge with caution. Let the court revise this. In the recent Fujian case the commander-in-chief lost only one non-hereditary baturu-bule banner rank while his subordinates forfeited every hereditary post—the imbalance defeats both justice and incentive; amend the ruling. Ministers who helped found the dynasty, from baturu-bule rank upward, earned their honors and should hold hereditary patents; later grants under grace edicts without battle service should not carry hereditary sealed patents. Outer banners follow unlike customs; rigid enforcement of metropolitan rules may breed unrest—grant them forbearance. Ministers who monopolize market streets, with rogues in their pay to intercept goods, and traders from afar who reach the capital only to be compelled to sell at fixed prices. Princes, beile, and ministers who tap Jade Spring Hill for private irrigation have drained the springs. Frontier timber was felled entirely by merchants who hired workers. Now ministers seize it by force for themselves, leaving merchants destitute. Ministers neglect public duty and spend themselves only on embellishing their houses. On all these points he sought strict prohibition. When wealthy clans sue the poor, Five-District magistrates condemn the poor and bend the law for patrons, forgetting impartial enforcement. Order them sternly not to pervert justice or accept bribes." The memorial reached the emperor, who found each charge true and ordered discussion and enforcement.
16
十八年，世祖崩，遺詔以索尼與蘇克薩哈、遏必隆、鼇拜同輔政。 索尼聞命，跪告諸王貝勒，請共任國政，諸王貝勒皆曰：「大行皇帝深知汝四大臣，委以國家重務，誰敢干預？」 索尼等乃奏知皇太后，誓於上帝及大行皇帝前，其辭曰：「先皇帝不以索尼、蘇克薩哈、遏必隆、鼇拜等爲庸劣，遺詔寄託，保翊沖主。 索尼等誓協忠誠，共生死，輔佐政務。 不私親戚，不計怨仇，不聽旁人及兄弟子姪教唆之言，不求無義之富貴，不私往來諸王貝勒等府受其餽遺，不結黨羽，不受賄賂，惟以忠心仰報先皇帝大恩。 若各爲身謀，有違斯誓，上天殛罰，奪算凶誅。」 誓訖，乃受事。
In year eighteen the Shunzhi Emperor died; his will named Sonin, Suksaha, Ebilun, and Oboi as regents. Hearing the order, Sonin knelt before the princes and beile and asked them to share governance; they replied, "The late emperor knew you four were no ordinary men and laid the state upon you—who would dare meddle?" They then informed the empress dowager and swore before Heaven and the late emperor: "The late emperor did not count Sonin, Suksaha, Ebilun, and Oboi worthless, but by his will charged us to protect the young lord. They vowed loyal fellowship in life and death and joint conduct of affairs. They would not favor relatives, nurse feuds, listen to outsiders or kin who urged private ends, pursue unearned riches, call privately on princes and beile for gifts, form cliques, or take bribes—only loyal hearts to answer the late emperor’s grace. Whoever schemed for himself and broke this oath—may Heaven destroy him, cut short his life, and visit sudden ruin." The oath ended and they took up office.
17
世祖定中國，既親政，紀綱法度，循太祖、太宗遺制； 亦頗取明舊典捐益之，務使稱國體。 四輔臣爲政，稱旨諭諸王、貝勒、諸大臣，詳考太祖、太宗成憲，勒爲典章。 引世祖遺詔，謂：「不能仰法太祖、太宗，多所更張； 今當率祖制，復舊章，以副先帝遺意。」 乃改内阁翰林院還爲内三院，復设理籓院，罷裁太常、光禄、鸿胪諸寺。 他舉措皆类是。 而鑲黄、正白兩旗互易圈地，兴大獄。 四輔臣稱旨，亦謂太祖、太宗時，八旗莊田廬舍，依左右翼順序分給。 既入關，睿親王多爾衮使鑲黄旗處右翼之末，正白旗圈地本當屬鑲黄旗，今還與相易，亦以復舊制。
Once the Shunzhi Emperor had pacified China and ruled in person, law and institution followed Taizu and Taizong; Ming practice was borrowed and adjusted where it fit the state’s dignity. Under the four regents an edict went to princes, beile, and ministers to study Taizu and Taizong’s established institutions and codify them. They quoted the late emperor’s words: "We failed to uphold Taizu and Taizong and changed too much; now we must take ancestral rule as our guide, restore former statutes, and honor the late emperor’s wish." They restored the Inner Three Courts in place of the Grand Secretariat and Hanlin Academy, re-founded the Court of Colonial Affairs, and abolished the Courts of Imperial Sacrifices, Imperial Entertainments, and State Ceremonial. Their other actions followed the same pattern. The Bordered Yellow and Plain White banners swapped allotted estates, provoking a major prosecution. The four regents declared, as the throne wished, that under Taizu and Taizong banner estates and lodges had been distributed in wing order. After the conquest Prince Rui had set the Bordered Yellow Banner at the tail of the right wing; Plain White allotments rightly belonged to Bordered Yellow and were now swapped back to restore the old arrangement.
18
索尼故不慊蘇克薩哈，顧見鼇拜势日張，與蘇克薩哈不相容，内怵； 又念年已老，多病，康熙六年三月，遂與蘇克薩哈、遏必隆、鼇拜共爲奏請上親政。 上未即允，而詔褒索尼忠，加授一等公，與前授一等伯並世襲，索尼辭，不許。 六月，卒，諡文忠，賜祭葬有加禮。 七月，乃下索尼等奏，上親政，以第五子心裕襲一等伯，法保襲一等公。 長子噶布喇官領侍衛内大臣，孝誠皇后父也，十三年，后崩，推恩所生，授一等公，世襲。 第三子索額圖，自有傳。
Sonin had never been easy with Suksaha, yet as Oboi’s power swelled and Suksaha could not abide him, he grew fearful within; remembering too his age and many illnesses, in the third month of Kangxi six he joined Suksaha, Ebilun, and Oboi in asking the emperor to assume personal rule. The emperor did not immediately agree, yet praised Sonin’s loyalty and added a hereditary first-rank duke to his barony; Sonin refused and was overruled. He died in the sixth month, posthumously titled Wenzong, with funeral honors above the usual. In the seventh month Sonin’s memorial was promulgated and the emperor began personal rule; the fifth son Xinyu inherited the baroncy, Fabao the dukedom. Eldest son Gabula became commanding inner guardsman and father of Empress Xiaocheng; in year thirteen, when the empress died, her family was ennobled with a hereditary first-rank duke. The third son Suoetu is treated in a separate biography.
19
蘇克薩哈，納喇氏，滿洲正白旗人。 父蘇納，葉赫貝勒金台什同族。 太祖初创業，來歸，命尚主爲額駙，授牛錄額真。 累進梅勒額真。 天聰初，從太宗征錦州，貝勒莽古爾泰帥偏師衛塔山餉道，蘇納屯塔山西，明兵來攻，擊破之。
Suksaha belonged to the Nara clan and came from the Manchu Plain White Banner. His father Suna shared lineage with Yehe beile Gintaisi. In Taizu’s founding days Suna submitted, was made an imperial son-in-law, and appointed niru ejen. He rose step by step to meile ejen. In early Tiancong he followed Taizong against Jinzhou; Prince Mangguertai guarded the Tashan supply line with a flank army, and Suna, camped west of Tashan, repulsed the Ming assault.
20
三年，與固山額真武納格擊察哈爾，入境，降其民二千户。 聞降者將爲变，盡歼其男子，俘婦女八千餘，上責其妄殺。 蒙古人有自察哈爾逃入明邊者，命蘇納以百人逐之，所俘獲相當。 累進三等甲喇章京。 坐隱匿丁壯，削職。 尋授正白旗蒙古固山額真。
In year three he and gusa ejen Wunage invaded the Chahar and brought two thousand households to submission. Learning the surrenderers would revolt, they killed every man and took over eight thousand women; the emperor condemned the massacre. Mongols fleeing the Chahar into Ming lands were pursued by Suna with a hundred men, who returned with a fair haul of prisoners. He was promoted to third-rank ala captain. He lost his post for hiding able-bodied subjects. He was soon appointed Mongol gusa ejen of the Plain White Banner.
21
崇德初，從伐明，攻雕鹗、長安諸堡及昌平諸城，五十六戰皆捷。 又攻破容城。 及出邊，后队潰，坐罰鍰。 又從伐朝鲜，擊破朝鲜軍，俘其將。 以朝鲜王出谒時亂班釋甲，又自他道還，坐罰鍰。 尋以讞獄有所徇，坐罷，仍專管牛錄事。
In early Chongde he campaigned against the Ming, taking forts at Diaoyu and Chang’an and cities around Changping—fifty-six victories in all. He also captured Rongcheng. Marching out, the rear guard broke and he was mulcted. He joined the Korean expedition, routed the Korean forces, and took their general prisoner. At the king’s audience he threw the ranks into disorder and laid aside armor; leaving by another road, he was fined once more. Soon, for favoritism in a legal case, he was removed yet kept sole charge of niru business.
22
順治五年，卒。
He died in Shunzhi year five.
23
蘇克薩哈初授牛錄額真。 崇德六年，從鄭親王濟爾哈朗圍錦州，明總督洪承疇師赴援，太宗親帥大軍蹙之，蘇克薩哈戰有功，授牛錄章京世職，晉三等甲喇章京。 順治七年，世祖命追復蘇納世職，以蘇克薩哈並襲爲三等阿思哈尼哈番。 尋授議政大臣，進一等，加拖沙喇哈番。 蘇克薩哈隸睿親王多爾衮屬下，王薨，蘇克薩哈與王府護衛詹岱等訐王謀移駐永平諸逆狀，及殡斂服色違制，王坐是追黜。 是年，擢巴牙喇纛章京。
Suksaha began as niru ejen. In Chongde six he followed Prince Zheng Jirhalang at Jinzhou; when Hong Chengchou marched to relieve it Taizong pressed him with the main host—Suksaha distinguished himself, received a hereditary niru captaincy, and rose to third-rank ala captain. In Shunzhi seven the emperor restored Suna’s hereditary rank and had Suksaha inherit jointly as third-rank ashan ihaan. He soon became deliberating minister, rose to first rank, and gained an added tosaha banner. Suksaha had served Prince Rui; after the prince’s death he and guardsman Zhandai exposed plots to shift the court to Yongping and breaches of mourning ritual, bringing posthumous disgrace on the prince. That year he became Baturu banner captain.
24
十年，孫可望寇湖廣，命蘇克薩哈偕固山額真陳泰率禁旅出鎮湖南，與经略洪承疇會剿。 十二年，劉文秀遣其將盧明臣等分兵犯岳州、武昌，蘇克薩哈邀擊，大敗之。 文秀引兵寇常德，戰舰蔽江，蘇克薩哈六戰皆捷，縱火焚其舟，斬獲甚眾，明臣赴水死，文秀走貴州。 叙功，晉二等精奇尼哈番，擢領侍衛内大臣，加太子太保。
In year ten Sun Kewang harried Huguang; Suksaha and gusa ejen Chen Tai led the guards army to Hunan to join Hong Chengchou’s campaign. In year twelve Liu Wenxiu’s generals Lu Mingchen and others struck Yuezhou and Wuchang; Suksaha met and crushed them. Wenxiu then assailed Changde with ships crowding the river; Suksaha won six fights, burned the fleet, took heavy toll—Mingchen drowned and Wenxiu fled to Guizhou. For these deeds he rose to second-rank jinggin ihaan, became commanding inner guardsman, and received Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent.
25
聖祖立，受遺詔輔政。 時索尼爲四朝舊臣，遏必隆、鼇拜皆以公爵先蘇克薩哈爲内大臣，鼇拜尤功多，意气凌轹，人多惮之。 蘇克薩哈以額駙子入侍禁廷，承恩眷，班行亚索尼； 與鼇拜有姻連，而論事輙龃齬，浸以成隙。 鼇拜隸鑲黄旗，與正白旗互易莊地，遂兴大獄。 大學士兼户部尚書蘇納海，總督朱昌祚、巡撫王登聯坐纷更阻挠，下刑部議罪，以律無正条，請鞭責籍沒。 上览奏，召輔臣議，鼇拜請置重典，索尼、遏必隆不能争，獨蘇克薩哈不对，上因不允。 鼇拜卒矫命，悉棄市。
When the Kangxi Emperor took the throne he was named in the regency. Sonin was a veteran of four reigns; Ebilun and Oboi had preceded Suksaha as ducal inner ministers, and Oboi’s victories made him overbearing—few dared stand against him. As an imperial son-in-law in the inner court Suksaha enjoyed special favor and stood only beneath Sonin; he was kin to Oboi by marriage, yet they quarreled in council until enmity grew. Oboi held the Bordered Yellow Banner; swapping estates with Plain White now ignited a major trial. Grand Secretary Sunahai, Governor-General Zhu Changzuo, and Governor Wang Denglian were charged with blocking the land swap; the Board of Punishments, finding no exact article, proposed flogging and confiscation. The emperor reviewed the report and called the regents; Oboi urged death, Sonin and Ebilun could not dissent, Suksaha alone kept silent, and the emperor withheld approval. Oboi forged a command and had them all put to death.
26
鼇拜以蘇克薩哈與相抗，憾滋甚。 鼇拜日益驕恣，蘇克薩哈居常怏怏。 康熙六年，上親政，加恩輔臣。 越日，蘇克薩哈奏乞守先帝陵寝，庶得保全餘生。 有旨詰問，鼇拜與其黨大學士班布爾善等遂誣以怨望，不欲歸政，構罪狀二十四款，以大逆論，與其長子内大臣查克旦皆磔死； 餘子六人、孫一人、兄弟子二人皆處斬，籍沒； 族人前鋒統領白爾赫圖、侍衛額爾德皆斬：獄上，上不允。 鼇拜攘臂上前，强奏累日，卒坐蘇克薩哈處絞，餘悉如議。
Because Suksaha had opposed him, Oboi’s hatred deepened. Oboi grew ever more overbearing while Suksaha brooded in discontent. In Kangxi six the emperor assumed personal rule and rewarded the regents. Next day Suksaha asked leave to guard the late emperor’s mausoleum and live out his days in peace. Questioned by edict, Oboi and Grand Secretary Banbursan fabricated twenty-four charges of treason and disloyalty—Suksaha and his eldest son Chakdan died by lingchi; six sons, one grandson, and two nephews were beheaded and their estates seized; kinsmen vanguard commander Baierhetu and guardsman Erde were likewise sentenced; the emperor refused approval. Oboi stormed forward, pressed the verdict for days, and finally Suksaha was strangled while the rest stood.
27
八年，鼇拜敗，詔以蘇克薩哈虽有罪，不至誅灭子孫，此皆鼇拜挾仇所致，命復官及世爵，以其幼子蘇常壽襲。
In year eight, after Oboi’s fall, the court held Suksaha’s crime did not warrant annihilation of his house—Oboi’s spite—and restored rank to his son Suchangshou.
28
蘇納海，他塔喇氏，滿州正白旗人。 由王府護衛擢弘文院學士，累遷工部尚書，加太子少保。 聖祖即位，拜國史院大學士，兼管户部。 時鼇拜擅权，以蘇納海不阿附，嗛之。 尋鼇拜欲以薊、遵化、遷安正白旗諸屯莊改撥鑲黄旗，而别圈民地益正白旗，使旗人诉請牒户部。 蘇納海持不可，謂旗人安業已久，且奉旨不許再圈民地，宜罷議，鼇拜益衔之，矫旨遣貝子温齊等履勘。 旋以鑲黄地不堪耕种疏聞，遂遣蘇納海會直隸總督朱昌祚、巡撫王登聯董理其事。 昌祚、登聯交章請停圈换，蘇納海亦言屯地难丈量，候明詔進止，鼇拜遂坐以藐视上命，並棄市。 鼇拜獲罪，昭雪復官，諡蘇納海襄愍，昌祚勤愍，登聯悫愍。
Sunahai of the Tatara clan came from the Manchu Plain White Banner. He rose from princely guardsman to Hongwen academician, then Minister of Works with Junior Mentor of the Heir Apparent. At the Kangxi enthronement he became Grand Secretary of the Historiography Court and oversaw the Board of Revenue. Oboi, holding power, resented Sunahai’s refusal to side with him. Oboi sought to move Plain White estates in Ji, Zunhua, and Qian’an to Bordered Yellow and compensate with fresh civilian allotments; bannermen flooded the Board of Revenue with petitions. Sunahai refused, citing long settlement and an edict against further seizure of civilian soil; Oboi forged orders for Prince Wenqi to survey. Finding Bordered Yellow allotments poor, he dispatched Sunahai with Zhu Changzuo and Wang Denglian to oversee the exchange. Changzuo and Denglian begged to stop the swap; Sunahai said the fields could not be measured pending imperial word—Oboi charged contempt and had all three killed. After Oboi’s fall they were exonerated—Sunahai as Xiangmin, Changzuo Qinmin, Denglian Kemin.
29
昌祚，字雲門，漢軍鑲白旗人。
Changzuo, styled Yunmen, was a Han bannerman of the Bordered White Banner.
30
順治初，官宗人府啟心郎。
In early Shunzhi he was Qixinlang in the Court of the Imperial Clan.
31
十八年，以工部侍郎巡撫浙江，清廉沉毅。 平寇盜，撥荒地，給瀕海内徙居民开墾，免其所棄田畝丁糧，戒所司藉端苛斂，浙人德之。
In year eighteen, as Vice Minister of Works, he governed Zhejiang with integrity and firmness. He suppressed brigands, opened wasteland for refugees, exempted abandoned plots from tax and labor, and forbade harsh levies—the Zhejiang people blessed him.
32
康熙四年，擢直隸、山東、河南三省總督。 圈地議起，旗民失業者數十萬人。 昌祚抗疏力言其不便，卒以冤死。 祀直隸、浙江名宦。
In Kangxi four he became governor-general of Zhili, Shandong, and Henan. The land swap left hundreds of thousands of banner families destitute. Changzuo protested in strong memorials and died a wrongful death. Shrines to him stand among the worthies of Zhili and Zhejiang.
33
登聯，字捷軒，漢軍鑲红旗人。 自貢生授河南鄭州知州，薦擢山東濟甯道，累遷大理寺卿。
Denglian, styled Jiexuan, was a Han bannerman of the Bordered Red Banner. Starting as tribute student and Zhengzhou magistrate, he rose through Jining circuit to president of the Court of Judicial Review.
34
順治十七年，授保定巡撫。 嚴緝捕，盜賊屏息。
In Shunzhi seventeen he became governor of Baoding. He tightened pursuit of criminals until banditry ceased.
35
康熙五年，以京東諸路圈地擾民，疏請停止，言甚痛切。 民聞其死，甚哀之。 祀直隸名宦。
In Kangxi five, with eastern capital lands seized and people harried, he memorialized passionately to halt it. The people mourned deeply when he died. He has a place among Zhili’s worthies.
36
白爾赫圖，初由噶布什賢壯達授兵部副理事官。 崇德間，屢從征有功，擢噶布什賢章京。 順治元年，入關，擊李自成，敗賊將唐通於一片石，多斬獲。 尋從豫親王多鐸西剿流寇，克潼關。 移師江南，徇蘇州，略定浙江、福建。 五年，從鄭親王濟爾哈朗征湖南，大破賊於湘潭，平宝庆、武冈。 累功，晉一等阿達哈哈番，擢噶布什賢噶喇依昂邦。
Baierhetu began as vice director of the Board of War from gabushan xianda rank. Under Chongde he fought repeatedly with distinction and became gabushan captain. In Shunzhi one he entered China, fought Li Zicheng, and at Yipianshi routed Tang Tong with heavy slaughter. He then followed Prince Yu Dodo west, seized Tong Pass, and crushed the rebels. In the south he took Suzhou and pacified Zhejiang and Fujian. In year five, with Prince Zheng in Hunan, he smashed rebels at Xiangtan and pacified Shaoyang and Wugang. For cumulative merit he rose to first-rank adaha banner and gabushan gala angbang.
37
十五年，從信郡王多尼征貴州，屢陷陣，進克雲南。 逾年，率兵取永昌府，渡潞江，敗李定國，遂克腾越州。 明桂王由榔及定國、白文选俱遁入缅甸。 信郡王班師，白爾赫圖留駐雲南。 定國入犯，約降將高應凤内應，以由榔印劄诱元江土司那嵩叛，白爾赫圖往剿，斬應凤於陣，那嵩自焚死，賜白金、鞍馬。 十八年，與定西將軍爱星阿會師木邦，缅人献由榔至軍中。 康熙元年，詔班師。 進一等阿思哈尼哈番。
In year fifteen he followed Prince Xin Duoni to Guizhou, fought through repeated battles, and entered Yunnan. Next year he took Yongchang, crossed the Lu River, defeated Li Dingguo, and captured Tengyue. Ming Prince of Gui Youlang, Dingguo, and Bai Wenxuan fled into Burma. Prince Xin withdrew, but Baierhetu stayed to garrison Yunnan. Dingguo invaded with turncoat Gao Yingfeng and Yuanjiang chief Na Song, lured by Youlang’s seal; Baierhetu crushed them, slew Yingfeng, and Na Song burned himself—rewarded with silver, saddle, and horse. In year eighteen he joined General Ai Xing’a at Mu Bang; Burma handed over Youlang. In Kangxi one the army was ordered home. He was raised to first-rank ashan ihaan.
38
后蘇克薩哈爲鼇拜構陷，以白爾赫圖爲其族弟，竟被禍。 八年，上以白爾赫圖無罪枉坐，追復故官世職。 尋其子一等侍衛羅鐸訟其父雲南戰功爲鼇拜所抑，未予優叙，詔晉三等精奇尼哈番，賜祭葬，諡忠勇。
Later, when Oboi framed Suksaha, Baierhetu as kinsman was destroyed with him. In year eight the emperor cleared Baierhetu and restored office and inheritance. His son Luoduo then proved Oboi had denied Yunnan honors; the court raised him to third-rank jinggin ihaan with funeral rites and posthumous title Zhongyong.
39
遏必隆，钮祜禄氏，滿州鑲黄旗人。 額亦都第十六子，母和碩公主。 天聰八年，襲一等昂邦章京，授侍衛，管牛錄事。 貝勒尼堪福晉，遏必隆兄圖爾格女也，無子，诈取仆婦女爲己生。 事發，遏必隆坐徇庇，奪世職。 崇德六年，從太宗伐明，營松山，筑長圍守之。 明總兵曹变蛟率步骑突圍，迭敗之。 夜三鼓，变蛟集潰卒突犯御營，遏必隆與内大臣錫翰等力戰，殪十餘人，变蛟負创走。 論功，得優賚。 七年，從饒餘貝勒阿巴泰等入長城，克薊州； 進兵山東，攻夏津，先登，拔之：予牛錄章京世職。
Ebilun of the Niuhuru clan came from the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner. He was Eiyedu’s sixteenth son, born to an imperial princess. In Tiancong eight he inherited first-rank angbang captain, entered the guard, and ran niru business. Prince Nikan’s consort was Turgai’s daughter; having no son, she passed off a servant’s child as hers. Exposed, Ebilun was condemned for complicity and stripped of his inheritance. In Chongde six he followed Taizong against the Ming, investing Songshan behind a long siege line. Ming general Cao Bianjiao broke out with horse and foot and was beaten back again and again. At the third night-watch Bianjiao rallied broken men and rushed the imperial camp; Ebilun and Xi Han slew a dozen before he fled wounded. For this deed he won special rewards. In year seven he marched through the Wall with Prince Raoyu Abatai and took Jizhou; then in Shandong stormed Xiajin first over the wall and received a hereditary niru captaincy.
40
順治二年，從順承郡王勒克德浑剿李自成兄子錦於武昌，拔铁門關，進二等甲喇章京。 五年，兄子侍衛科普索訐其與白旗諸王有隙，设兵護門，奪世職及佐領。 世祖親政，遏必隆訟冤，詔復職。 科普索旋獲罪，以所襲圖爾格二等公爵令遏必隆並襲爲一等公。 尋授議政大臣，擢領侍衛内大臣，累加少傅兼太子太傅。 十八年，受遺詔爲輔政大臣。
In Shunzhi two, with Prince Shuncheng, he crushed Li Jin at Wuchang, took Tiemen Pass, and rose to second-rank ala captain. In year five nephew Kebusuo accused him of feuding with White Banner princes and guarding his gate with soldiers; he lost rank and command. At the emperor’s personal rule Ebilun appealed and was restored. Kebusuo was soon punished; Turgai’s second-rank dukedom was merged into Ebilun’s first-rank duke. He became deliberating minister, commanding inner guardsman, Junior Tutor, and Tutor of the Heir Apparent. In year eighteen he was named regent by the late emperor’s will.
41
康熙六年，聖祖親政，加恩輔臣，特封一等公，以前所襲公爵授長子法喀，賜双眼花翎，加太師。 屢乞罷輔政，許之。 四大臣當國，鼇拜獨專恣，屢矫旨誅戮大臣。 遏必隆知其惡，缄默不加阻，亦不劾奏。 八年，上逮治鼇拜，並下遏必隆獄。 康親王傑書讞上遏必隆罪十二，論死，上宥之，削太師，奪爵。 九年，上念其爲顧命大臣，且勋臣子，命仍以公爵宿衛内廷。 十二年，疾笃，车驾親临慰問。 及卒，賜祭葬，諡恪僖，御制碑文，勒石墓道。 十七年，孝昭皇后崩，遏必隆爲后父，降旨推恩所生，敕立家廟，賜御書榜額。 五十一年，上以遏必隆初襲額亦都世職，命其第四子尹德襲一等精奇尼哈番。
In Kangxi six the emperor ruled in person, ennobled Ebilun as first-rank duke, gave his prior dukedom to Faka, bestowed double-eyed peacock plumes, and named him Grand Tutor. He begged repeatedly to quit the regency and was allowed. Under the four regents Oboi alone ruled by force, forging edicts to kill ministers. Ebilun knew Oboi’s crimes yet neither stopped nor denounced him. In year eight the emperor seized Oboi and cast Ebilun into prison. Prince Kang Jieshu found twelve capital charges; the emperor spared his life but took Grand Tutor and rank. In year nine, as testament minister and merit’s son, he kept ducal rank on inner guard duty. In year twelve, dying, he was visited by the emperor in person. He died with funeral honors, posthumous title Keyi, and an imperial inscription on his tomb road. In year seventeen, when Empress Xiaozhao died, Ebilun as her father gained a family shrine and imperial plaque. In year fifty-one the throne had fourth son Yinde inherit Eiyedu’s first-rank jinggin ihaan.
42
尹德初自佐領授侍衛，從聖祖征噶爾丹，扈跸甯夏。 尋自都統擢領侍衛内大臣，兼議政大臣。 雍正五年，以病乞休，許致仕。 未幾卒，諡悫敬。 尹德恭谨誠朴，宿衛十餘年，未嘗有過。 兼襲圖爾格二等公，歲禄所入，以均宗族，人皆賢之。 尋祀賢良祠。 乾隆元年，詔晉一等公。
Yinde rose from assistant command to guard, followed the emperor against the Dzungars, and attended at Ningxia. He soon became commander-in-chief, then commanding inner guardsman and deliberating minister. In Yongzheng five he retired on grounds of illness. He died soon after, posthumously titled Minjing. Yinde was dutiful and plain; for ten years on guard he never erred. Sharing Turgai’s second-rank duke’s income equally among kin, men called him worthy. He was later enshrined in the Temple of Worthies. In Qianlong one he was posthumously raised to first-rank duke.
43
鼇拜，瓜爾佳氏，滿州鑲黄旗人，衛齊第三子。 初以巴牙喇壯達從征，屢有功。
Oboi of the Guwalgiya clan came from the Bordered Yellow Banner, third son of Weiqi. He began as Baturu xianda and won repeated battle honors.
44
天聰八年，授牛錄章京世職，任甲喇額真。
In Tiancong eight he received hereditary niru captain and became ala ejen.
45
崇德二年，征皮岛，與甲喇額真准塔爲前鋒，渡海搏戰，敵軍披靡，遂克之。 命優叙，進三等梅勒章京，賜號「巴圖魯」。
In Chongde two, against Pidao, he and Zhuntai led the vanguard across the sea, routed the foe, and took the island. Rewarded with third-rank meile captain and the title Baturu.
46
六年，從鄭親王濟爾哈朗圍錦州，明總督洪承疇赴援，鼇拜輙先陷陣，五戰皆捷，明兵大潰，追擊之，擒斬過半。 功最，進一等，擢巴牙喇纛章京。
In year six at Jinzhou, when Hong Chengchou relieved, Oboi led five victorious charges, shattered the Ming host, and slew or captured half in pursuit. Highest in merit, he rose to first rank and Baturu banner captain.
47
八年，從貝勒阿巴泰等敗明守關將，進薄燕京，略地山東，多斬獲。 凱旋，敗明總督范志完總兵、吳三桂軍。 叙功，進三等昂邦章京，賚賜甚厚。
In year eight he broke Ming frontier troops, neared Beijing, and raided Shandong with heavy kills. Returning, he beat Fan Zhiguan’s army and Wu Sangui’s force. He was raised to third-rank angbang captain with rich rewards.
48
順治元年，随大兵定燕京。 世祖考諸臣功績，以鼇拜忠勤戮力，進一等。
In Shunzhi one he helped settle Beijing. The emperor judged Oboi loyal and advanced him to first rank.
49
二年，從英親王阿濟格征湖廣，至安陆，破流賊李自成。 進征四川，斬張献忠於陣。 下遵義、夔州、茂州諸郡縣。
In year two, with Prince Ying, he reached Anlu and broke Li Zicheng. In Sichuan he killed Zhang Xianzhong in the field. He took Zunyi, Kuizhou, Maozhou, and other districts.
50
五年，坐事，奪世職。 又以貝子屯齊訐告謀立肅親王，私結盟誓，論死，詔宥之，罰鍰自贖。 是年，率兵駐防大同，擊叛鎮姜瓖，迭敗之，克孝義。
In year five he forfeited his inheritance for an offense. Prince Tunqi accused him of scheming for Prince Su; sentenced to death, pardoned, he paid a fine. That year at Datong he repeatedly beat rebel Jiang Xiang and took Xiaoyi.
51
七年，復坐事，降一等阿思哈尼哈番。
In year seven another offense cut him to first-rank ashan ihaan.
52
世祖親政，授議政大臣。 累進二等公，予世襲。 擢領侍衛内大臣，累加少傅兼太子太傅。
At personal rule he became deliberating minister. He rose to second-rank duke with hereditary succession. He became commanding inner guardsman, Junior Tutor, and Tutor of the Heir Apparent.
53
十八年，受顧命輔政。 既受事，與内大臣費揚古有隙，又惡其子侍衛倭赫及侍衛西住、折克圖、覺羅塞爾弼同直御前，不加禮輔臣。 遂論倭赫等擅乘御馬及取御用弓矢射鹿，並棄市。 又坐費揚古怨望，亦論死，並殺其子尼侃、薩哈連，籍其家，以與弟都統穆里瑪。
In year eighteen he was named regent by testament. In office he quarreled with Feiyanggu and hated guardsmen Wohe, Xizhu, Zheketu, and Saierbi for slighting regents at court. He charged them with riding the imperial horse and using imperial bows to hunt deer, and had them executed. Feiyanggu was condemned for resentment; sons Nikan and Sahalian were killed, the estate given to brother Murima.
54
初入關，八旗皆有分地。 睿親王多爾衮領鑲黄旗，定分地在雄、大城、新安、河間、任丘、肅甯、容城諸縣。 至是已二十年，旗、民相安久。 鼇拜以地確，倡議八旗自有定序，鑲黄旗不當處右翼之末，當與正白旗薊、遵化、遷安諸州縣分地相易。 正白旗地不足，别圈民地補之。 中外皆言不便。 蘇克薩哈爲正白旗人，與相抗尤力。 鼇拜怒，悉逮蘇納海等，棄市。 事具蘇克薩哈傳。 又追論故户部尚書英俄爾岱當睿親王摄政時阿王意，授分地亂序，並及他專擅諸事，奪世職。 時有竊其馬者，鼇拜捕斬之，並殺御馬羣牧長。 怒蒙古都統俄訥、喇哈達、宜理布於議政時不附己，即令蒙古都統不與會議。
At the conquest every banner held allotted lands. Prince Rui’s Bordered Yellow estates lay across Xiong, Dacheng, Hejian, and neighboring counties. For twenty years bannermen and civilians had lived in peace. Oboi, coveting fertile Bordered Yellow lands, argued banners had fixed order and demanded swap with Plain White estates in Ji, Zunhua, and Qian’an. Plain White shortfall was to be filled by fresh seizure of civilian land. Court and country alike protested the harm. Suksaha of Plain White resisted most fiercely. Oboi in fury had Sunahai and others killed. This is told fully in Suksaha’s biography. He posthumously condemned Enggūldai for flattering Prince Rui and disordering land allotments, stripping his heirs. He executed a horse thief and the imperial stud chief who failed to guard the herds. He excluded Mongol commander Ene and others from council for refusing to follow him.
55
鼇拜受顧命，名列遏必隆後，自索尼卒，班行章奏，鼇拜皆首列。 日與弟穆里瑪、姪塞本特、訥莫及班布爾善、阿思哈、噶褚哈、瑪爾賽、泰必圖、濟世、吳格塞等黨比營私，凡事即家定議，然後施行。 侍讀熊賜履應詔陳時政得失，鼇拜惡之，請禁言官不得陳奏。
Named regent after Ebilun, after Sonin’s death Oboi led every memorial. He met daily with Murima, Saibent, Banbursan, and a clique who decided policy at home before court. Reader Xiong Cili’s policy memorial angered him; he sought to silence censors.
56
上親政，加一等公，其子納穆福襲二等公。 世祖配天，加太師，納穆福加太子少師。 鼇拜益專恣。 户部滿尚書缺員，欲以命瑪爾賽，上别授瑪希納，鼇拜援順治間故事，户部置滿尚書二，强請除授。 漢尚書王弘祚領部久，瑪爾賽不得自擅，乃因事齮而去之。 卒，又擅予諡忠敏。 工部滿尚書缺員，妄稱濟世才能，强請推補。
At personal rule he gained an added first-rank duke; son Namufu inherited second-rank duke. At the emperor’s matching rite he became Grand Tutor and Namufu Junior Tutor. Oboi grew yet more overbearing. He wanted Maersai as Revenue minister; the emperor chose Maxina—Oboi forced a second Manchu minister by old precedent. Han minister Wang Hongzuo blocked Maersai; Oboi slandered and ousted him. When Maersai died Oboi gave him posthumous title Zhongmin on his own authority. He forced Jishi into the vacant Manchu Works post by false praise.
57
康熙八年，上以鼇拜結黨專擅，勿思悛改，下詔數其罪，命議政王等逮治。 康親王傑書等會讞，列上鼇拜大罪三十，論大辟，並籍其家，納穆福亦論死，上親鞫俱實，詔謂：「效力年久，不忍加誅，但褫職籍沒。」 納穆福亦免死，俱予禁錮。 鼇拜死禁所，乃釋納穆福。
In Kangxi eight the emperor denounced Oboi’s clique and ordered princes to seize him. Prince Kang found thirty capital counts against Oboi and Namufu; the emperor confirmed guilt yet spared their lives, stripping rank and property." Namufu too was spared death; both were imprisoned. Oboi died in custody; Namufu was freed.
58
五十二年，上念其舊勞，追賜一等阿思哈尼哈番，以其從孫蘇赫襲。 蘇赫卒，仍以鼇拜孫達福襲。 世宗立，賜祭葬，復一等公，予世襲，加封號曰超武。
In year fifty-two the throne granted first-rank ashan ihaan to grandson Suhe. Suhe’s death passed the rank to grandson Dafu. The Yongzheng emperor restored first-rank duke with hereditary title Chaowu and funeral honors.
59
乾隆四十五年，高宗宣諭羣臣，追覈鼇拜功罪，命停襲公爵，仍襲一等男； 並命當時爲鼇拜誣害諸臣有褫奪世職者，各旗察奏，錄其子孫。
In Qianlong forty-five the emperor reviewed Oboi’s deeds, ended the dukedom, and left only first-rank baron; he ordered banners to list descendants of those Oboi had wronged.
60
穆里瑪，衛齊第六子。 衛齊卒，襲世職牛錄章京，授一等侍衛。
Murima was Weiqi’s sixth son. At Weiqi’s death he inherited niru captain and became first-class guardsman.
61
順治初，遷甲喇額真世職，累進一等阿達哈哈番兼拖沙喇哈番。 從征金声桓，克饒州，遂下南昌。
Early in Shunzhi he rose to hereditary ala ejen and first-rank adaha with tosaha. Against Jin Shenghuan he took Raozhou and Nanchang.
62
十七年，擢工部尚書，並授本旗滿洲都統。 李自成將李來亨等降於明，窜伏鄖、襄山中，出劫掠爲寇。
In year seventeen he became Minister of Works and Manchu banner commander. Li Laiheng, once Li Zicheng’s man, hid in Yun-Xiang hills and raided as brigands.
63
康熙二年，授穆里瑪靖西將軍，圖海定西將軍，率師討之。 來亨擁眾據茅麓山，穆里瑪督兵攻圍，九戰皆捷。 來亨等夜襲總督李國英、提督鄭蛟麟營，穆里瑪赴援，大破之，來亨自焚死，餘眾降。 論功，超進一等阿思哈尼哈番。 鼇拜得罪，坐死。
In Kangxi two Murima and Tu Hai led western campaigns against them. Laiheng held Maolu Mountain; Murima besieged him and won nine fights. Laiheng night-assaulted Governors Li Guoying and Zheng Jiaolin; Murima relieved them, crushed the rebels, Laiheng burned himself, and the remnant surrendered. For merit he was raised beyond grade to first-rank ashan ihaan. When Oboi was punished Murima died for complicity.
64
班布爾善，太祖諸孫輔國公塔拜子也。
Banbursan was son of Auxiliary State Prince Tabai, a grandson of Taizu.
65
初封三等奉國將軍，累進輔國公。
He began as third-rank assisting-state prince and rose to auxiliary state prince.
66
康熙六年，以領侍衛内大臣拜秘書院大學士，諂事鼇拜。 及事敗，王大臣劾奏班布爾善大罪二十一，坐絞。 同時坐鼇拜黨罪至死者，吏部尚書阿思哈、侍郎泰必圖、兵部尚書噶褚哈、工部尚書濟世、内秘書院學士吳格塞及鼇拜姪塞本特、訥莫、瑪爾賽，追奪官爵，削諡。
In Kangxi six, commanding inner guardsman, he became Grand Secretary and flattered Oboi. After Oboi’s fall Prince Jieshu charged him with twenty-one capital crimes and he was strangled. Executed with the faction were Revenue minister Asiha, War minister Gachuha, Works minister Jishi, academician Wugesai, and nephews Saibent, Neqi, and Maersai—all disgraced posthumously.
67
論曰：四輔臣當國時，改世祖之政，必舉太祖、太宗以爲辭。 然世祖罷明季三餉，四輔臣時復徵練餉，並令併入地丁考成。 此非太祖、太宗舊制然也，則又將何辭？ 索尼忠於事主，始終一節，錫以美諡，誠無愧焉。 蘇克薩哈見忌同列，遂致覆宗。 遏必隆黨比求全，幾及於禍。 鼇拜多戮無辜，功不掩罪。 聖祖不加誅殛，亦云幸矣。
The historian notes: the four regents changed Shunzhi’s policies yet always invoked Taizu and Taizong. Shunzhi had ended the Ming’s three surcharges; the regents revived the practice levy and folded it into the land tax. That was no Taizu or Taizong institution—what warrant could they claim? Sonin served loyally to the end and earned his noble posthumous name without reproach. Suksaha, hated by peers, saw his line destroyed. Ebilun clung to faction for safety and nearly perished with it. Oboi killed countless innocents; his battles cannot excuse his guilt. That the Kangxi Emperor spared his life was itself a mercy.