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列傳五十三
Biography 53
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葉方藹，字子吉，江南崑山人。 順治十六年一甲三名進士，授編修。 江南奏銷案起，坐奪官。 尋授上林苑蕃育署丞。 事白，還故官。 康熙十二年，充日講起居注官。 十四年，遷國子監司業，再遷侍講。 宴瀛台，群臣皆進詩賦，方藹制八箴以獻，上甚悅，命撰太極圖論以進，賜貂裘、文綺。 十五年，遷左庶子，再遷侍講學士。 十六年，命充孝經衍義總裁，進講通鑑。 上問：「諸葛亮何如伊尹？」 方藹對曰：「伊尹聖人，可比孔子； 諸葛亮大賢，可比顏淵。」 上首肯。 講中庸，上問：「知行孰重？」 對曰：「宋臣硃熹之說，以次序言，則知先行後； 以功夫言，則知輕行重。」 上曰：「畢竟行重，若不能行，知亦虛知耳。」 轉侍讀學士。 十七年，充鑑古輯覽、皇輿表總裁，經筵講官，直南書房。 上勤於典學，故事，以大臣二人日直，上特以屬方藹，兼掌院學士，兼禮部侍郎。
Ye Fangai, whose courtesy name was Ziji, came from Kunshan in Jiangnan. In Shunzhi 16 (1659) he took third place among the top three jinshi graduates and received appointment as a Hanlin compiler. When the Jiangnan tax-report scandal broke, he lost his post on that account. He was soon given the post of deputy director at the Imperial Parks Breeding Office. Once the affair was cleared, he returned to his former rank. In Kangxi 12 (1673) he became a Daily Lecturer and Recorder of the Emperor's Activities. In the fourteenth year he rose to Vice Director of the Directorate of Education, then again to Court Lecturer. At a banquet on Yingtai Terrace the court presented verse; Fangai offered eight admonitions that delighted the emperor, who ordered him to compose a treatise on the Diagram of the Supreme Ultimate and gave him a sable coat and brocade. In the fifteenth year he became Left Sub-Reader, then Court Lecturer. In the sixteenth year he was put in charge of the Exegesis of the Classic of Filial Piety and lectured on the Comprehensive Mirror. The emperor asked, "How does Zhuge Liang compare with Yi Yin?" Fangai answered, "Yi Yin was a sage, comparable to Confucius; Zhuge Liang was a great worthy, comparable to Yan Yuan." The emperor nodded in agreement. During a lecture on the Doctrine of the Mean the emperor asked which mattered more, knowledge or action." He said, "In Zhu Xi's terms, in order knowing comes first and acting follows; but in terms of effort, knowing weighs less and acting more." The emperor said, "In the end action is heavier; without action, knowledge is hollow." He was then made Reader-in-Waiting. In the seventeenth year he headed the Mirror of Antiquity and Imperial Territory Tables, lectured at the Classics Colloquium, and served in the Southern Studios. The emperor studied the classics tirelessly; though two grand ministers normally shared daily duty, he entrusted Fangai alone, who also served as Hanlin Chancellor and Vice Minister of Rites.
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十八年，召試博學宏詞，命方藹閱卷，總裁明史。 十九年，尚書講義成。 上以講幄勞，加方藹尚書銜。 上講易噬嗑卦辭，方藹與同官庫勒納進所撰乾坤二卦總論，上覽竟，諭曰：「卦爻義各有不同，即如噬嗑卦中四爻主用刑者言，初上二爻主受刑者言，必得總論發揮，庶全卦之義了然，諸卦可依此撰進。」 二十年，授刑部侍郎。 二十一年，卒，遣奠茶酒，賜白金二百。 上以方藹久侍講幄，啟沃勤勞，命優恤，賜諡文敏。
In the eighteenth year, at the erudition examination, he graded papers and headed the History of Ming. In the nineteenth year the Exegesis of the Documents was finished. The emperor rewarded his lecture-hall service by granting Fangai a ministerial title. While lecturing on Shi He, Fangai and Kulena submitted treatises on Qian and Kun; the emperor read them and said each hexagram needs a general discussion—Shi He's middle lines concern those who punish, the first and last those punished—and the rest should follow this pattern." In the twentieth year he became Vice Minister of Justice. In the twenty-first year he died; the court sent tea and wine for the obsequies and two hundred taels of silver. For his long service and devoted counsel at the lecture hall, the emperor ordered special mourning gifts and the posthumous title Wenmin.
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方藹初釋褐，以文章受知世祖。 家居時，有密陳其居鄉不法者，下其事江蘇巡撫田雯覈覆。 雯以鄉評入告，上曰：「朕固知方藹不如是也！」 其後事聖祖，直內廷，眷遇優渥。 方藹故廉謹，其卒，以板扉為臥榻，支以四甕，布帳多補綴，無以為斂，見者以為難能。
When Fangai first entered service, he won the Shunzhi emperor's favor through his writing. At home a secret denunciation accused him of local misconduct, and the case went to Jiangsu Governor Tian Wen. Wen reported local opinion, and the emperor said, "I have always known Fangai is not such a man!" He later served the Kangxi emperor in the inner court with exceptional favor. Frugal by nature, at death he slept on a plank propped on four jars, patched curtains, nothing for burial—onlookers called it rare integrity.
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沈荃，字貞蕤，江南華亭人。 順治九年一甲三名進士，授編修。 世祖擇翰林官外轉，荃出為大樑道副使。 劇盜董天祿、牛光天剽掠許、潁間，荃督兵捕治，殲其渠，群盜皆散去。 禹州盜倚竹園為巢，殺人越貨，荃遣吏卒收捕，發土得屍十餘，悉按誅之。 尋署按察使，疏言：「師方南征，必經南陽、汝寧諸府，供應疲苦，亢村、郭店諸驛，官死夫逃，請敕均撥驛站銀兩。 師既入楚，留馬彰德，役民飼秣，請敕以懷慶、衛輝、廣平、順德、大名諸府更番分駐。 各縣常平倉蓄穀太寡，請敕定額：大縣五六百石，小縣三四百石。 開封自河決後，城垣淤圮，官吏分駐各邑，鄉闈暫移輝縣。 近奉旨修復汴城，請敕籌撥錢糧，督倡興工。 河南土地，原有上中下等則，向因疆井混淆，一例派糧。 今查勘漸定，請敕視萬曆年間則例，照地派糧。 河南兵額一萬二千，奉旨缺額免補，有汰無增，駐防分汛，每苦不足，請敕仍許募補足額。」 俱下部議行。
Shen Quan, courtesy name Zhenrui, came from Huating in Jiangnan. In Shunzhi 9 (1652) he took third among the top three jinshi and became a compiler. The Shunzhi emperor rotated Hanlin men outward; Quan became Vice Commissioner of the Daliang Circuit. Bandits Dong Tianlu and Niu Guangtian raided Xu and Ying; Quan destroyed their leaders and the gangs scattered. Yuzhou bandits nested at Bamboo Garden; Quan seized them, unearthed a dozen corpses, and executed all by law. As acting Surveillance Commissioner he wrote: the southern campaign will pass Nanyang and Runing; courier stations are broken—please redistribute funds. After the army entered Chu, horses stayed at Zhangde burdening the people—please rotate troops among five prefectures. County granaries were too low—he asked fixed quotas of five to six hundred piculs for large counties, three to four for small. After the Yellow River flood Kaifeng's walls collapsed; officials scattered and exams moved to Huixian. Ordered to rebuild Bian city—he asked funds and supervision. Henan land had three grades, but confused boundaries led to uniform levies. Surveys settled—please levy by Wanli rates by land quality. Twelve thousand troops were authorized but vacancies unfilled while garrisons lacked men—please allow recruitment." All were sent to the ministries for action.
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康熙元年，以憂歸。 六年，授直隸通薊道，坐事左遷。 九年，授浙江寧波同知。 未上官，特旨召對，命作各體書，稱旨，詔以原品內用。 十年，授侍講，直南書房。 十一年，轉侍讀。 十二年，充日講起居注官。 十三年，擢國子監祭酒。 十五年，遷少詹事。 十六年，擢詹事。
In Kangxi 1 he went home for mourning. In the sixth year he took Tongji Circuit in Zhili, then was demoted. In the ninth year he became Ningbo Sub-Prefect in Zhejiang. Before reporting he was summoned, wrote all scripts to the emperor's liking, and was kept at his former rank in the capital. In the tenth year he became Court Lecturer in the Southern Studios. In the eleventh year he became Reader. In the twelfth year he was Daily Lecturer and Recorder. In the thirteenth year he became Director of the Directorate of Education. In the fifteenth year he became Junior Mentor. In the sixteenth year he became Mentor.
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十八年，旱，求直言。 時更定新例，罪人當流者徙烏喇，下廷臣議。 荃謂：「烏喇去蒙古三四千里，地極寒，人畜多凍死。 今罪不至死者，乃遣流，而更驅之死地，宜如舊例便。」 疏上，有旨令畫一，荃持前議益堅，且曰：「此議行，三日不雨者，甘服欺罔罪。」 上改容納之。 越二日，天竟雨，例得罷。 十九年，上以講幄勞，加荃禮部侍郎銜。 二十一年正月，乾清宮宴廷臣，賦柏梁體詩，荃與焉。 二十三年，卒。 上以荃貧，賜白金五百。
In the eighteenth year, amid drought, the emperor called for frank speech. New rules sent exiles to Wula; the court debated. Quan said Wula was three or four thousand li away, bitterly cold, and many froze to death. Sending non-capital offenders there drives them to death—the old rule is better." The emperor ordered uniformity; Quan insisted and wagered rain within three days or deception." The emperor relented and accepted. Two days later it rained and the rule was dropped. In the nineteenth year the emperor gave Quan a Vice Minister of Rites title for lecture service. In the twenty-first year's first month Quan joined a Bo Liang verse banquet at the Hall of Mental Cultivation. In the twenty-third year he died. Finding him poor, the emperor gave five hundred taels.
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子宗敬，二十七年進士，改庶吉士，以編修入直，上命作書，因諭大學士李光地曰：「朕初學書，宗敬父荃指陳得失。 至今作字，未嘗不思其勤也。」 宗敬官至太常寺少卿。
Son Zongjing, jinshi in year 27, became compiler; the emperor told Li Guangdi that Quan had corrected his early calligraphy. He said he still remembers Quan's diligence when writing." Zongjing reached Vice Director of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices.
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勵杜訥，字近公，直隸靜海人。 勵氏自鎮海北遷，訥以杜姓補諸生。 康熙二年，纂世祖實錄，選善書之士，訥試第一，赴館繕錄。 書成敘勞，授福建福寧州同，命留直南書房，食六品俸。 十九年，授編修，充日講起居注官。 二十一年，奏請復勵姓。 聖祖方閱通鑑綱目，杜訥與學士張英侍，閱竟，杜訥請以御批宣示史館，下禮部翰林院會議，如所請。 二十七年，遷贊善。 二十九年，遷侍講，改光祿寺少卿。 三十六年，遷通政司參議。 三十七年，遷太僕寺卿，再遷宗人府府丞。
Li Dune, courtesy name Jingong, came from Jinghai in Zhili. The Lis had moved from Zhenhai; Dune studied as a Du. In Kangxi 2, compiling Shizu's Veritable Records, Dune ranked first among calligraphers. Rewarded for the work, he was named Funing Tongzhi but kept in the Southern Studios at sixth rank. In the nineteenth year he became compiler and Daily Lecturer. In the twenty-first year he asked to restore the Li surname. Reading the Mirror's outline with Zhang Ying, Du Ne asked imperial glosses go to the Historiography Office—approved. In the twenty-seventh year he became Tutor. In the twenty-ninth year he became Court Lecturer and Vice Director of Imperial Entertainments. In the thirty-sixth year he became Transmission Censor. In the thirty-seventh year he headed the Imperial Stud, then the Imperial Clan Court.
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三十九年，遷左副都御史。 疏言：「督撫大吏，朝廷畀以百餘城吏治、數千里民生，責任至重； 若託詞鎮靜，漸成悠忽，不過以期會簿書忝封疆之寄。 請敕各督撫年終匯奏若何察吏安民、興利除弊，以備清覽； 不實，則治以欺罔之罪：庶時時警勉，不敢優游草率，貽誤地方。 籓司專掌錢穀，臬司專掌刑名，州縣之錢糧有無虧空，定案之爰書有無駁審，詳實並列，則籓臬之優劣亦無遁情。」 議如所請。 又言：「提鎮保送將弁，時有騎射甚劣並年老之員，經特旨甄別。 典戎要務，首在考察將弁，請敕部將各提鎮所屬引見不稱旨之員，匯冊呈覽，並定處分。」 下詔所司飭行。 四十二年，擢刑部侍郎。 卒。
In the thirty-ninth year he became Left Vice Censor-in-Chief. He wrote that governors held vast territories and heavy responsibility; pleading calm while neglecting duty dishonors their trust. He asked yearly reports on inspecting officials and benefiting the people; false ones punished as deception to prevent lax rule. Listing revenue deficits and appealed cases would reveal treasurer and judge quality." Adopted. He noted generals sometimes recommended poor archers or old men already screened. He asked the ministry compile failed candidates and set penalties." The emperor ordered enforcement. In the forty-second year he became Vice Minister of Justice. He died.
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杜訥學行醇粹，直禁廷二十餘年，無纖芥過失。 四十四年，上駐蹕靜海，敕獎杜訥謹慎勤勞，親定諡曰文恪，手書賜其家。 雍正元年，贈禮部尚書。 八年，祀賢良祠。 高宗即位，加贈太子太傅。
Pure in learning and conduct, he served the inner court twenty years without fault. In year 44 at Jinghai the emperor praised him, set posthumous Wenkai, and wrote it himself. Yongzheng 1 posthumously made him Minister of Rites. In the eighth year he entered the Temple of Worthies. Gaozong further posthumously made him Grand Tutor of the Heir Apparent.
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子廷儀，字南湖。 康熙三十九年進士，改庶吉士。 四十一年，特命直南書房。 四十三年，授編修，遭父喪，既終，充日講起居注官。 累遷內閣學士，充經筵講官，擢翰林院掌院學士、兵部侍郎。 雍正元年，遷刑部尚書。 疏言各省常平倉穀，當責督撫覈實盤查，年終冊報； 又請於古北口外設理事同知，檢察命、盜獄：並從之。 二年，疏言各州縣團練民壯，當選習槍箭，勤加訓練，上韙之，下直省督撫實力奉行； 又疏請分立內外監，內監居要犯，外監居輕犯，別為女監，另牆隔別：均報可。 迭疏論監生考職，禁止私鹽，清查入官家產，各舉其叢弊所在，並下部議行。 七年，加太子太傅，賜「矜慎平恕」榜。 九年，調吏部，仍專管刑部事。 十年，卒，諡文恭。
His son Tingyi, courtesy name Nanhu. In Kangxi 39 he passed the jinshi and entered the Hanlin bachelors. In the forty-first year he was specially assigned to the Southern Studios. In the forty-third year he became compiler; after mourning he was Daily Lecturer and Recorder. He rose to Grand Secretary, Classics lecturer, Hanlin Chancellor, and Vice Minister of War. In Yongzheng 1 he became Minister of Justice. He asked governors to audit ever-normal granaries and report yearly; he also asked a sub-prefect beyond the pass to inspect capital cases—all approved. In year 2 he urged militia firearms drill; the emperor ordered enforcement; he asked separate inner, outer, and women's prisons—all approved. He exposed abuses in purchased degrees, private salt, and confiscated property—sent to ministries. In year 7 he became Grand Tutor and received the plaque Prudent, Calm, Fair, and Forgiving. In year 9 he moved to Personnel while still handling Justice. In year 10 he died; posthumous Wengong.
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子宗萬，字滋大。 康熙六十年進士，改庶吉士，授編修。 雍正二年，命直南書房，充日講起居注官，督山西學政。 六年，遷國子監司業，按試潞安。 臨晉民解進朝詐稱御前總管，私書請託，宗萬疏發之，諭嘉獎，遷侍讀，命巡察山西。 八年，巡撫石麟劾宗萬擾驛遞，並縱僕受賕，坐奪官。 十年，起鴻臚寺少卿，仍直南書房。 四遷至禮部侍郎，調刑部。 乾隆元年，吏部劾宗萬保舉河員受請託，坐奪官。 尋命直武英殿。 七年，再起侍講學士，累遷通政使。 直懋勤殿，纂秘殿珠林，遷左副都御史。 擢工部侍郎，調刑部。 十年，坐縱門客生事，复奪官，手詔詰責，命還裡閉戶讀書。 督撫那蘇圖劾宗萬縱弟佔官地，命承修固安城工，免其罪。 十六年，復起侍講學士，累遷光祿寺卿。 二十四年，卒。
His son Zongwan, courtesy name Zida. In Kangxi 60 he passed the jinshi, became bachelor and compiler. Yongzheng 2: Southern Studios, Daily Lecturer, Shanxi Educational Commissioner. In year 6 he became Vice Director of Education and examined Lu'an. At Linjin he exposed a fraud posing as an imperial eunuch, was praised, made Reader, and inspected Shanxi. In year 8 Governor Shi Lin impeached him for courier abuse and servants' bribes; he lost office. In year 10 he was restored as Vice Director of Imperial Banquets and the Southern Studios. He rose to Vice Minister of Rites, then Justice. Qianlong 1: impeached for a bribed river recommendation; stripped of office. Soon assigned to the Hall of Military Glory. In year 7 he was Reader-in-Waiting again and rose to Transmission Commissioner. At the Hall of Earnest Diligence he compiled the Pearl Forest, then became Left Vice Censor. Vice Minister of Works, then Justice. In year 10, tolerating a client's abuse, he was stripped again and sent home to study. Governor Na Sutu impeached his brother's land seizure; he repaired Gu'an walls to clear it. In year 16 he was Reader-in-Waiting again and rose to Director of Imperial Entertainments. In the twenty-fourth year he died.
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子守謙，嘉慶十年進士，官編修。
Son Shouqian, jinshi Jiaqing 10, became compiler.
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自杜訥以諸生受知遇，子孫繼起，四世皆入翰林。
From Du Ne's rise as a student, four generations entered the Hanlin.
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徐元珙，字輯五，江南武進人。 順治十二年進士，授刑部主事，遷員外郎。 典廣西試，遷郎中。 出為福建建寧道僉事，善治盜。 移山西冀寧南道參議，遭母憂去。 康熙十二年，起直隸口北道參議。 時宣鎮未設府縣，但置同知分防。 元珙和調將士，嚴斥堠，增亭障，葺城郭，修學舍，邊境晏然。 入為光祿寺少卿，歷太僕寺卿、通政使。
Xu Yuangong, courtesy name Jiwu, came from Wujin in Jiangnan. Shunzhi 12 jinshi; Justice clerk, then department director. He examined Guangxi and became division director. As Fujian Jianning Commissioner he excelled at suppressing bandits. Moved to Shanxi Jining South Commissioner; left for mourning. Kangxi 12 he returned as Koubei Commissioner in Zhili. Xuan had no prefecture—only sub-prefects for defense. He harmonized troops, strengthened posts and walls, repaired schools, and pacified the border. In the capital he was Vice Director of Entertainments, then Stud Director and Transmission Commissioner.
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二十四年，授太常寺卿。 疏請釐正北郊配饗位次，略言：「本朝分祭南北郊。 圜丘南鄉，三聖並配，甚鉅典也。 獨方澤配位，臣不能無議。 昭穆之位，分左右不分東西。 圜丘南鄉，則東為左為昭，西為右為穆； 地祇既北鄉，則西為左為昭，東為右為穆。 蓋東西有定方，而左右無定位，從正位所鄉而殊。 漢、唐地祇皆南鄉，至宋政和四年，引北牖答陰之義，始改北鄉，配位亦改焉。 明嘉靖九年，建方澤壇，因宋制，地祇北鄉，而配位仍設於東，不應古禮。 蓋其時禮官誤執以東為左，因循至今。 然明配位止一太祖，或左或右，尚無越次之嫌。 今三聖並配，左右易位，因之昭穆失序； 況配位誤則從壇皆誤，即陵山從祀嶽鎮者亦誤。 揆諸典禮，實有未安，有待釐正。」 疏入，下廷臣集議，學士徐乾學、韓菼皆韙元珙議，獨許三禮駁之，遂不行。 語見三禮傳。
In the twenty-fourth year he became Director of Imperial Sacrifices. He asked to fix northern suburban sacrifices: this dynasty separates south and north. At the Round Mound facing south the Three Sages accompany—a supreme rite. Only at the Square Mound I must object to the accompanying positions. Zhao and Mu are left and right, not east and west. Facing south at the Round Mound, east is Zhao left and west Mu right; the Earth Spirit facing north makes west Zhao and east Mu. East and west are fixed; left and right shift with the main altar's orientation. Han and Tang faced south; Song Zhenghe 4 turned north and changed accompaniments. Ming Jiajing followed Song; earth faced north but accompaniments stayed east—wrong. Officers mistook east for left and the error persisted. Ming had only Taizu; left or right did not disturb order. Now three sages accompany and swap places, disordering Zhao and Mu; wrong accompaniment corrupts the altar and peak sacrifices too. By canonical rites it is unsettled and needs correction." Debated; Xu Qianxue and Han Tan agreed; Xu Sanli objected—it was not adopted. See Xu Sanli's biography.
18
二十五年，遷左副都御史。 疏請正北海祀典，略言：「唐望祭洛州，即今河南府。 宋望祭孟州，即今懷慶府。 明依宋制。 說者謂懷慶屬濟源，潛通北海，故於此望祭焉。 本朝定制，東海祀萊州，南海祀廣州，西海祀蒲州，皆為允當。 獨北海仍祀懷慶，竊以嶽鎮方位，當準皇都。 往南祭北，於義未愜。 謹按北鎮醫巫閭山在今奉天府境，山既為北鎮，川即可為北海，矧長白山水、黑龍、鴨綠諸江，悉朝宗於海。 請更定北海之祭，就北鎮醫巫閭為便。 或疑歷時已久，不可輒更。 臣按北岳祀恆山曲陽，積二千餘年，用科臣言改祀渾源州。 岳祭可更，何疑海祭？」 疏入，議行。
In the twenty-fifth year he became Left Vice Censor. He asked to fix the northern sea rite: Tang looked to Luozhou, today's Henan Prefecture. Song looked to Mengzhou, today's Huaiqing Prefecture. Ming followed Song. Some say Huaiqing links to Jiyuan and the northern sea—hence sacrifice there. Eastern sea at Laizhou, southern at Guangzhou, western at Puzhou—all fitting. Only the northern sea remains at Huaiqing; directions should follow the capital. Sacrificing north while the capital faces south is unsatisfying. Yiwulü in Fengtian is the northern peak; its streams and rivers pay homage to the sea. Please fix the northern sea sacrifice at Yiwulü. Some fear long custom cannot change lightly. Hengshan at Quyang for two millennia changed to Hunyuan on advice. If a peak can change, why not the sea?" Adopted.
19
二十六年，疏乞歸養。 至家，父已前卒。 二十七年，孝莊文皇后崩，赴闕哭臨。 疾作，卒於京師，上聞而憫之，喪歸，許馳驛，卹如禮。
In year 26 he asked to retire and care for his father. At home his father was already dead. In year 27, at Xiaozhuang's death, he went to court to mourn. He fell ill and died in the capital; the emperor pitied him and granted courier funeral honors.
20
元珙尚風義，座主陳彩沒，妻妾繼逝，撫其一歲孤併其女，為營婚嫁，與己子無異。 時論推其篤厚。
He raised Chen Cai's one-year orphan and daughter as his own and arranged their marriages. Contemporaries praised his steadfast kindness.
21
彩字美公，廣東順德人。 順治九年進士，自編修出為江南常鎮道。 康熙初，江南有大獄，諸生連染被逮，彩以輕刑全活之甚眾。
Cai, courtesy name Meigong, came from Shunde in Guangdong. Shunzhi 9 jinshi; from compiler to Changzhen Circuit in Jiangnan. Early Kangxi's Jiangnan cases caught many students; Cai spared many with lighter sentences.
22
許三禮，字典三，河南安陽人。 順治十八年進士，授浙江海寧知縣。 海寧地瀕海，多盜，三禮練鄉勇，嚴保甲，擒盜首硃纘之等。 益修城壕，築土城尖山、鳳凰山間，戍以土兵。 築塘濬河，救災儲粟，教民以務本。 立書院，延黃宗羲主講。 在縣八年，聲譽甚美。
Xu Sanli, courtesy name Diansan, came from Anyang in Henan. Shunzhi 18 jinshi; magistrate of Haining, Zhejiang. Coastal Haining had bandits; he trained militia and captured Zhu Zuanzhi. He repaired walls, built a fort between Jianshan and Fenghuang, and garrisoned it. He built dikes, dredged rivers, stored famine grain, and taught fundamentals. He founded an academy and invited Huang Zongxi to lecture. Eight years as magistrate won excellent reputation.
23
康熙八年，行取，授福建道御史。 疏言：「漢儒董仲舒表章六經，其言道之大原出於天，與禪宗異學專主明心者不同。 故宋儒程顥有儒道本天、釋教本心之辨。 宜視宋時六大儒，從祀國學，進稱先賢。」 下廷臣議，不果行。 時雲、貴猶未定，三禮疏言蕩平後，察大吏宜嚴，蘇民困宜寬。
Kangxi 8 he became Fujian Circuit Censor. He said Dong Zhongshu exalted the Six Classics and Heaven as the Way's origin, unlike Chan. Cheng Hao distinguished Confucian Heaven from Buddhist mind. He asked the Six Great Song Ru enshrined as sages." The court debated but did not adopt. While Yunnan and Guizhou were unsettled he urged strict governors and lenient people after pacification.
24
尋命巡視北城，太常寺卿徐元珙議北郊配位應改坐西鄉東，下廷臣集議，三禮曰：「陽生於子，極於巳，故祀天在冬至，位南郊南鄉； 陰生於午，極於亥，故祀地在夏至，位北郊北鄉。 答陰答陽，義各有取。 配位者主道也，義在近尊者為上。 故配天尚左，配地尚右，並居東。 改之非是。」 從之。 尋疏請定武臣守制例，下廷臣集議，有謂本朝無此例者。 三禮曰：「宋高宗紹興七年，岳飛聞母訃，解兵柄徒步歸廬山，廬墓三年。 此往代守制例也。」 遂定議武臣守制自此始。 旋擢通政司右參議。 二十七年，遷提督四譯館、太常寺少卿，再遷大理寺卿。
Inspecting the north city, on northern suburban positions Sanli said yang from zi to si means heaven at winter solstice faces south; yin from wu to hai means earth at summer solstice faces north. Answering yin and yang each has reason. Accompaniments represent the Way; the nearer honored is above. So accompanying heaven favors left, earth right, both in the east. Change is wrong." Adopted. Soon he asked military mourning rules; some said there was no precedent. Sanli cited Yue Fei laying down command and mourning three years at Lushan in 1137. This is the ancient military mourning precedent." Military mourning was fixed from this. Soon he became Right Transmission Commissioner. In year 27 he oversaw the Four Translation Offices, became Vice Director of Sacrifices, then Court of Revision president.
25
召對便殿，上曰：「河圖洛書，道治之原。 一二三四五，六七八九十，忽金火易位何也？」 對曰：「此即一陰一陽之道也。 天地大德曰生，故河圖左旋，而相生為順數； 洛書右轉，而相剋為逆數。 一順一逆，位所由易也。」 上曰：「既順何以逆？」 對曰：「孤陽不生，獨陰不成。 河圖自北而東，順以相生，木火土金水，就流行言； 洛書自北而西，逆則相剋，上下四方中，就對待言。 既五數在中，縱橫皆十五矣，惟剋乃所以生也。 陰陽交則生變，變則生生不易。」 上又問曰：「洪範九疇，皇建有極，謂人參三才，此說是乎？」 對曰：「自天地開闢以來，賴有聖人，原治而不原亂者，天地之心； 有治而不能無亂者，天地之數。 數至則生聖人，撥亂而返之治，裁成輔相，以左右民，則聖人建極會極歸極之功也。 聖人既能撥亂而返之治，始副天地長治之心，此人參三才之說，實理也，亦實事也。」 上頗嘉美之。
Summoned to audience, the emperor said the River Chart and Luo Writings are the origin of governance. Why do one through five and six through ten suddenly swap metal and fire?" He said this is the Way of one yin and one yang. Heaven and Earth's virtue is generation; the River Chart turns left in forward generation; the Luo Writing turns right in reverse overcoming. Forward and reverse explain the change of positions." The emperor asked why there is reverse if there is forward." He said solitary yang does not generate and solitary yin does not complete. The River Chart from north to east generates wood, fire, earth, metal, water in circulation; the Luo Writing from north to west overcomes in opposition above, below, four sides, and center. With five in the center all lines sum to fifteen; only overcoming enables generation. Yin and yang interacting birth change; change makes generation unceasing." The emperor asked whether man joining the three powers fits the Hong Fan's supreme norm." He said sages seek order, not disorder, which is Heaven and Earth's mind; yet order cannot exist without disorder—that is Heaven and Earth's number. When the number matures a sage restores order and guides the people—establishing, meeting, and returning to the norm. Restoring order fulfills Heaven and Earth's long-order mind—man joining the three powers is real principle and fact." The emperor greatly approved.
26
遷順天府府尹。 二十八年，遷右副都御史。 再遷兵部督捕侍郎，以病告歸，未及行，卒。
He became Governor of Shuntian Prefecture. In the twenty-eighth year he became Right Vice Censor. Promoted to bandit-suppression vice minister of war; he asked to retire ill and died before leaving.
27
三禮初師事孫奇逢，及在海寧，從黃宗羲遊，官京師，有所疑，必貽書質宗羲。 斅宋趙抃故事，旦晝所為，夜焚香告天，家居及在海寧，皆建告天樓。 聖祖重道學，嘗以之稱三禮云。
He studied under Sun Qifeng, followed Huang Zongxi at Haining, and wrote to Huang with doubts in the capital. Following Zhao Bian, he burned incense nightly to report his deeds and built Report-to-Heaven towers. Kangxi valued the Way and praised Sanli thus.
28
王士禎，字貽上，山東新城人。 幼慧，即能詩，舉於鄉，年十八。 順治十二年，成進士。 授江南揚州推官。 侍郎葉成格被命駐江寧，按治通海寇獄，株連眾，士禎嚴反坐，寬無辜，所全活甚多。 揚州鹺賈逋課數万，逮系久不能償，士禎募款代輸之，事乃解。 康熙三年，總督郎廷佐、巡撫張尚賢、河督硃之錫交章論薦，內擢禮部主事，累遷戶部郎中。 十一年，典四川試，母憂歸，服闋，起故官。
Wang Shizhen, courtesy name Yishang, came from Xincheng in Shandong. Clever as a boy, he wrote poetry early and passed the provincial exam at eighteen. Shunzhi 12 he became a jinshi. He was appointed Yangzhou investigating censor in Jiangnan. Ye Chengge's Tonghai pirate case implicated many; Shizhen counter-charged strictly and spared many innocents. Salt merchants owed tens of thousands; Shizhen raised funds to pay and freed them. Kangxi 3: recommended by Lang Tingzuo, Zhang Shangxian, and Zhu Zhixi; promoted to Rites clerk and Revenue director. In year 11 he examined Sichuan, mourned his mother, then resumed office.
29
上留意文學，嘗從容問大學士李霨：「今世博學善詩文者孰最？」 霨以士禎對。 復問馮溥、陳廷敬、張英，皆如霨言。 召士禎入對懋勤殿，賦詩稱旨。 改翰林院侍講，遷侍讀，入直南書房。 漢臣自部曹改詞臣，自士禎始。 上徵其詩，錄上三百篇，曰御覽集。
The emperor asked Grand Secretary Li Hui who was most erudite in poetry and prose." Hui named Shizhen. Asked about Feng Pu, Chen Tingjing, and Zhang Ying—all agreed. Summoned to the Hall of Earnest Diligence, his poem pleased the emperor. Made Hanlin Lecturer, then Reader, and entered the Southern Studios. Hanlin promotion from a ministry post began with Shizhen. The emperor collected three hundred poems as the Imperially Reviewed Collection.
30
尋遷國子監祭酒，整條教，屏餽遺，獎拔皆知名士。 與司業劉芳喆疏言：「漢、唐以來，以太牢祀孔子，加王號，尊以八佾、十二籩豆。 至明嘉靖間，用張璁議，改為中祀，失尊崇之意。 禮：祭從生者。 天子祀其師，當用天子之禮樂。」 又疏言：「自明去十哲封爵，稱冉子者凡三，未有辨別。 宋周敦頤等六子改稱先賢，位漢、唐諸儒之上，世次殊有未安，宜予釐定。」 又疏言：「田何受易商瞿，有功聖學，宜增祀。 鄭康成注經百餘萬言，史稱純儒，宜复祀。」 又疏言：「明儒曹端、章懋、蔡清、呂柟、羅洪先，並宜從祀。 絳州貢生辛全，生際明末，以正學為己任，著述甚富，乞敕進遺書。」 又請修監藏經史舊版。 疏並下部議，以籩豆、樂舞、名號、位次，俟會典頒發遵循； 增祀明儒及徵進遺書，俟明史告成覈定； 修補南北監經史版，如所請行。
As Education Director he set rules, refused gifts, and promoted renowned scholars. With Liu Fangzhe he said Han and Tang used the great offering for Confucius with kingly honors. Ming Jiajing's middle offering lost proper honor. Rites say sacrifice follows the living. The Son of Heaven should use imperial ritual music for his teacher." He also said Ming left three Master Rans undistinguished. Song's six sages above Han and Tang Ru need clarification." Tian He should be added to sacrifice for transmitting the Changes. Zheng Xuan, called a pure Ru, should be restored to sacrifice." Ming Ru Cao Duan, Zhang Mao, Cai Qing, Lü Nan, and Luo Hongxian should accompany sacrifice. Student Xin Quan of Jiangzhou, an orthodox late-Ming scholar, should have his books presented." He also asked to repair the Directorate classics and histories blocks. Memorials went to ministries; vessels, music, titles, and positions awaited the Statutes; adding Ming Ru and presenting books awaited the History of Ming; repairing the blocks was approved.
31
二十三年，遷少詹事。 命祭告南海，父憂歸。 二十九年，起原官，再遷兵部督捕侍郎。 三十一年，調戶部。 命祭告西嶽西鎮江瀆。 三十七年，遷左都御史。 會廷議省御史員額，士禎曰：「國初設御史六十，後減為四十，又減為二十四。 天子耳目官，可增不可減。」 卒從士禎議。
In the twenty-third year he became Junior Mentor. Ordered to sacrifice to the southern sea; he mourned his father. In year 29 he resumed office and again became bandit-suppression vice minister of war. In the thirty-first year he moved to Revenue. Ordered to sacrifice to the western peak, marchmount, and rivers. In the thirty-seventh year he became Left Censor-in-Chief. Debating censor cuts, he said the founding sixty were cut to forty, then twenty-four. The emperor's eyes and ears may increase, not decrease." Shizhen's view prevailed.
32
遷刑部尚書。 故事，斷獄下九卿平議。 士禎官副都御史，爭楊成獄得減等。 官戶部侍郎，爭太平王訓、聊城於相元、齊河房得亮獄皆得減等，而衡陽左道蕭儒英，則又爭而置之法。 徐起龍為曹氏所誣，則釋起龍而罪曹，案其所與私者，皆服罪。 及長刑部，河南閻煥山、山西郭振羽、廣西竇子章皆以救父殺人論重闢，士禎曰：「此當論其救父與否，不當以梃刃定輕重。」 改緩決，入奏，報可。
He became Minister of Justice. Capital cases went to the Nine Ministers by precedent. As Vice Censor he won reduction in the Yang Cheng case. As Revenue Vice Minister he won reductions in three cases but applied the law to Hengyang heterodox Xiao Ruying. Xu Qilong was slandered by the Caos; he freed Qilong, punished Cao, and all Cao's associates confessed. In Justice he said father-rescue killings should be judged by intent, not weapon." Changed to suspended execution and approved.
33
士禎以詩受知聖祖，被眷遇甚隆。 四十年，乞假遷墓，上命予假五月，事畢還朝。 四十三年，坐王五、吳謙獄罷。 王五故工部匠役，捐納通判； 謙太醫院官，坐索債毆斃負債者。 下刑部，擬王五流徙，謙免議，士禎謂輕重懸殊，改王五但奪官。 復下三法司嚴鞫，王五及謙並論死，又發謙囑託刑部主事馬世泰狀，士禎以瞻徇奪官。 四十九年，上眷念諸舊臣，詔復職。 五十年，卒。
Shizhen won favor through poetry and enjoyed great grace. In year 40 he asked leave to relocate graves; five months were granted. In year 43 he was dismissed over Wang Wu and Wu Qian. Wu was a Works artisan who bought the rank of sub-prefect; Qian was a medical officer who beat a debtor to death collecting a debt. Justice exiled Wu and exempted Qian; Shizhen called the gap too wide and reduced Wu to loss of office. Retried, both were sentenced to death; Qian's bribe to Ma Shitai appeared; Shizhen was stripped for favoritism. In year 49 an edict restored him. In the fiftieth year he died.
34
明季文敝，諸言詩者，習袁宗道兄弟，則失之俚俗； 宗鍾惺、譚友夏，則失之纖仄； 斅陳子龍、李雯，軌轍正矣，則又失之膚廓。 士禎姿禀既高，學問極博，與兄士祿、士祜並致力於詩，獨以神韻為宗。 取司空圖所謂「味在酸鹹外」、嚴羽所謂「羚羊掛角，無跡可尋」，標示指趣，自號漁洋山人。 主持風雅數十年。 同時趙執信始與立異，言詩中當有人在。 既沒，或詆其才弱，然終不失為正宗也。
Late Ming poetry followed the Yuan brothers into vulgarity; followed Zhong and Tan into cramped mannerism; emulated Chen Zilong and Li Wen into correct but empty breadth. Gifted and learned, with brothers Shilu and Shihu he took spiritual resonance as poetry's standard. He took Sikong Tu and Yan Yu as models and styled himself the Fisherman of Yangtze. He led literary fashion for decades. Zhao Zhixin first disputed him, saying poetry must have a person. After death some called his talent weak, yet he remained orthodox.
35
士禎初名士禛，卒後，以避世宗諱，追改士正。 乾隆三十年，高宗與沈德潛論詩，及士正，諭曰：「士正績學工詩，在本朝諸家中，流派較正，宜示褒，為稽古者勸。」 因追諡文簡。 三十九年，复諭曰：「士正名以避廟諱致改，字與原名不相近，流傳日久，後世幾不復知為何人。 今改為士禎，庶與弟兄行派不致淆亂。 各館書籍記載，一體照改。」
Originally Shizhen, posthumously changed to Shizheng to avoid the Shizong taboo. Qianlong 30 Gaozong praised Shizheng's correct lineage among Qing poets." Posthumous Wensuian was granted. In year 39 he said the taboo change obscured his identity. He ordered the name restored to Shizhen to avoid confusing the brothers. All offices' books and records were to be changed uniformly."
36
韓菼，字元少，江南長洲人。 讀書通五經，恬曠好山水。 朋遊飲酒，歡諧終日，而製行清嚴。 特工製舉文。 應順天鄉試，尚書徐乾學拔之遺卷中。 康熙十二年，會試、殿試皆第一，授修撰，充日講起居注官。 聖祖知其能文，命撰太極圖說以進，复諭進所作制舉文，召入弘德殿講大學。 初世祖命纂孝經衍義未成，至是以菼專任纂修。 十四年，典順天試。 十五年，遷贊善。 十六年，遷侍講。 十七年，复典順天試。 十八年，乞假歸。 二十三年，起故官，尋轉侍讀。 二十四年，上親試翰林，菼列第二，遷侍講學士。 尋擢內閣學士。
Han Tan, courtesy name Yuanshao, came from Changzhou in Jiangnan. He mastered the Five Classics, was tranquil and broad, and loved landscape. He drank and joked with friends all day, yet his conduct was pure and strict. He excelled at examination essays. At Shuntian's exam Xu Qianxue picked him from the rejected pile. Kangxi 12 he topped both exams, became compiler and Daily Lecturer. Kangxi ordered his Supreme Ultimate treatise and essays and summoned him to lecture on the Great Learning. Shizu's unfinished Filial Piety exegesis was entrusted solely to Tan. In the fourteenth year he examined Shuntian. In the fifteenth year he became Tutor. In the sixteenth year he became Court Lecturer. In the seventeenth year he again examined Shuntian. In the eighteenth year he asked leave and went home. In the twenty-third year he resumed office and soon became Reader. In year 24 the emperor tested the Hanlin; Tan ranked second and became Reader-in-Waiting. Soon he became Grand Secretary.
37
二十六年，再假歸，築室西山。 點勘諸經註疏，旁逮諸史。 居八年，三十四年，召至京，命以原官總裁一統志。 遷禮部侍郎，兼掌院學士。 祭酒阿理瑚請以故大學士達海從祀文廟，下部議，菼謂：「從祀鉅典，論定匪易。 達海造國書，一藝耳。」 持不可。 永定河工開事例，戶部請推廣，得捐納道府。 菼謂道府不當捐納，御史鄭維孜疏言：「國子監生多江、浙人，有冒籍赴試者。 請盡發原籍肄業。」 菼曰：「京師首善地，遠人鄉化，方且聞風慕義而來。 若因一二不肖，輒更定制，悉為驅除，太學且空，非國體。 維孜言非是。」 事得寢。 三十九年，充經筵講官，授禮部尚書，教習庶吉士。 四十一年，上疏乞解職，專意纂輯承修諸書，詔慰留之，並賜「篤志經學、潤色鴻業」榜。 四十二年，再稱疾，上不悅，敕仍留原任。 四十三年，再疏乞退，仍不允。 是歲秋，卒，卹如禮。
In year 26 he took leave again and built on the Western Hills. He collated classic commentaries and studied the histories. After eight years, in year 34 he was summoned to head the Comprehensive Geography. He became Vice Minister of Rites and Hanlin Chancellor. Alihu asked Dahai accompany temple sacrifice; Tan said great rites are hard to settle. Dahai only created the national script—one art." He opposed it. Yongding River work opened purchase precedents for circuit and prefecture posts. Tan opposed purchasing posts; Zheng Weizi said many students from Jiang-Zhe tested with false registration. He asked to send them all home to study." Tan said the capital is the chief seat and distant men come drawn by righteousness. Expelling all for a few bad ones would empty the Directorate—not proper. Weizi was wrong." The matter was dropped. In year 39 he lectured at the Classics Colloquium, became Minister of Rites, and taught bachelors. In year 41 he asked to resign to compile; kept and given the plaque Steadfast in Classical Learning, Adorning Great Works. In year 42 he pleaded illness again; the emperor was displeased and kept him. In year 43 he again asked to retire—still denied. That autumn he died; mourning followed rites.
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菼負文章名，而立朝樹風概，敢言，與人有始終。 其再假歸也，乾學方罷官家居，領書局洞庭山中。 兩江總督傅臘塔構乾學，將興大獄，素交皆引去。 菼旦暮造門，且就當事白其誣，乃已。 其復起也，上遇之厚，嘗曰：「韓菼天下才，美風度，奏對誠實。」 又曰：「菼學問優長，文章大雅，前代所僅有。 所撰擬能道朕意中事。」 會江寧布政使張萬祿蝕帑金三十餘萬金，總督阿山庇之，謂費由南巡。 下廷臣議，有言阿山與有連，妄語罪當死。 菼謂縱有連，情私而語公。 忌者增益其語入告，上由是疏菼。 及再謝病，詔責其教習庶吉士，每日率以飲酒多廢學； 九卿集議，不為國事直言，惟事瞻徇。 菼意不自得，病甚，飲不輟，至卒。 乾隆十七年，高宗諭獎「菼雅學績文，湛深經術。 所撰制義，清真雅正，開風氣之先，為藝林楷則」。 追諡文懿。
Famous for literature, in court he set moral tone, spoke boldly, and kept faith to the end. On leave again Qianxue had been dismissed and headed the Dongting book bureau. Governor Fu Lata framed Qianxue for a great case; friends withdrew. Tan visited daily and cleared the false charge, and it stopped. Restored, the emperor said Han Tan was realm talent with fine bearing and honest audience." He also said Tan's learning and grand writing were rare since former ages. His drafts expressed the emperor's mind." Treasurer Zhang Wanlu embezzled three hundred thousand taels; Governor Ashan shielded him, blaming the southern tour. Debated; some said Ashan was connected and reckless speech deserved death. Tan said even if connected, feeling was private but words public. Enemies exaggerated his words; the emperor grew distant. Again ill, he was rebuked for teaching bachelors to drink and neglect study; the Nine Ministers said he did not speak frankly, only showed favoritism. Distressed, very ill, he drank without stopping until death. Qianlong 17 Gaozhong praised Tan's elegant learning and profound classics. His examination essays were pure and elegant, a model for the literary world." Posthumous Wenyi was granted.
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子孝嗣，舉人； 孝基，進士，官編修，菼卒，奉母不出十餘年。 雍正初，召修明史。 書成，移疾歸，年九十而終。
Son Xiaosi was a provincial graduate; Xiaoji, jinshi and compiler, served his mother over ten years after Tan's death. Early Yongzheng he was summoned to compile the History of Ming. When done he retired ill and died at ninety.
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湯右曾，字西厓，浙江仁和人。 康熙二十七年進士，改庶吉士，授編修。 出典貴州試。 三十九年，授刑科給事中。 兩廣總督石琳疏言瓊州生黎以文武官吏婪索，激而為亂。 上遣侍郎凱音布、學士邵希穆按治。 右曾疏言：「揭帖言瓊州文武官往黎峒採取沈香、花梨致生釁，石琳及巡撫蕭永藻、提督殷化行平時絕不覺察，且黎亂在上年，遲且一載，始行題報，掩飾欺隱，請嚴加處分。」 石琳等皆下吏議。 四十年，疏請刊頒政治典訓及御製文集。
Tang Youhui, courtesy name Xiya, came from Renhe in Zhejiang. Kangxi 27 jinshi; bachelor and compiler. He examined Guizhou. In year 39 he became Revenue Section Censor. Governor Shi Lin said Qiongzhou Li revolted because officials extorted them. The emperor sent Kaiyinbu and Shao Ximu to investigate. Youhui said officials collecting timber provoked the Li, leaders concealed a year-old revolt—punish severely." Shi Lin and others were all referred for punishment. In year 40 he asked to print the Political Canon and imperial writings.
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四十一年，轉戶部掌印給事中。 初，以私錢多，改錢制輕小，使私鑄無所利，顧仍不止。 上令仍鑄大錢，下廷臣議，改鑄大錢，其舊鑄小錢，期二年銷毀。 右曾疏言：「改大錢宜遵聖諭，若毀小錢則民間必驚擾。 且戶、工二部存錢八十四萬串，若議銷毀，工料耗折甚多。 且二年中鑄出新錢不過一百萬串，豈能遍及各省？ 新錢無多，舊錢已毀，恐私鑄更繁，錢法愈壞。 古者患錢重，則改輕而不廢重； 患錢輕，則改重而不廢輕：使子母相權而行。 新鑄重錢，每串作銀一兩； 舊鑄輕錢作七錢：並聽行使。 積久大錢流通，小錢自不行矣。」 疏再下廷臣議，定新錢每重一錢四分，舊錢並行勿禁，如右曾議。
In year 41 he became Revenue Chief Censor. Private coin was abundant; light small coin was meant to stop private casting—it did not. The emperor ordered large coin; debate set two years to destroy small coin. Youhui said large coin should follow the edict; destroying small coin would disturb the people. Revenue and Works held 840,000 strings; destruction would waste labor and materials. New coin in two years could not exceed one million strings—how reach every province? Little new coin with old destroyed would worsen private casting. When coin was heavy they made light without abolishing heavy; when light they made heavy without abolishing light—mother and child coins balance. New heavy coin: each string at one tael silver; old light coin at seven mace: both circulate. In time heavy coin would circulate and small coin cease." Debated again; new coin at 1.4 mace, old parallel—as Youhui proposed.
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四十四年，提督河南學政。 秩滿，巡撫汪灝疏言右曾取士公明。 四十八年，遷奉天府府丞。 四十九年，遷光祿寺卿。 五十年，轉太常寺卿、通政使。 五十一年，擢翰林院掌院學士。 五十二年，授吏部侍郎。 尚書富寧安、陳鵬翮皆廉辦有威棱，右曾貳之，銳意文案，糾剔是非。 選人或挾大力以相要，必破其機紐，俾終不獲選。 由是乾進射利者，皆叢怨於吏部，而富寧安往蒞西師，鵬翮任事久，見知於上深，莫可搖動，遂爭為浮言撼右曾。 六十年，命解右曾侍郎，仍專領掌院學士。 六十一年，卒。
In year 44 he was Henan Educational Commissioner. At term's end Governor Wang Hao said he selected scholars fairly. In year 48 he became Vice Governor of Shuntian. In year 49 he became Director of Imperial Entertainments. In year 50 he became Sacrifices Director and Transmission Commissioner. In year 51 he became Hanlin Chancellor. In year 52 he became Vice Minister of Personnel. Assisting efficient ministers Funing'an and Chen Penghe, he keenly corrected documents. He broke powerful candidates' schemes so they never obtained selection. Intrigue resented Personnel; powerful ministers slandered him. In year 60 he was relieved of the vice ministry but kept the Hanlin chancellorship. In the sixty-first year he died.
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右曾少工詩，清遠鮮潤。 其後師事王士禎，稱入室。 使貴州後，風格益進，鍛鍊澄汰，神韻泠然。 右曾朝熱河行在，上命進所為詩，右曾方詠文光果，即以進上。 上為和詩，有句曰「叢香密葉待詩公」，右曾自定集，遂取是詩冠首。
Youhui wrote clear, distant, fresh poetry from youth. Later he studied under Wang Shizhen as a true disciple. After Guizhou his style refined further with cool spiritual resonance. At Rehe ordered to present poems, he presented one on the wenguang fruit. The emperor matched with "dense fragrance and close leaves await the poetry lord"; Youhui made it his collection's first poem.
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論曰：方藹、荃、杜訥以文學直內廷，其結主知，尤在於廉謙。 元珙、三禮議禮各申其所見，有當於經指。 士禎以詩被遇，清和粹美，蔚為一代正宗。 菼於文亦然，久而論定，並邀補諡，增文字之重。 右曾師事士禎，繼以詩被遇。 論者謂自明弘治、正德以後一百五十年，而文章复在臺閣，為聖祖崇儒右文之效雲。
The judgment: Fangai, Quan, and Du Ne won favor through literature and frugality. Yuangong and Sanli debated rites each to the classics' aim. Shizhen was favored through poetry—clear and pure, orthodox master of an age. Han Tan was the same in literature; in time judgment settled, and he too received a supplementary posthumous title, adding weight to letters. Youhui studied under Wang Shizhen and likewise won favor through poetry. Commentators say that after a hundred fifty years since Ming Hongzhi and Zhengde, literature again flourished in the court cabinets—the fruit of the Kangxi emperor's honoring Confucian learning and promoting letters.