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禮二十 〈(賓禮二)〉
Rites 20 (Guest Rites II)›
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○入閣儀明堂聽政儀肆赦儀附皇太后垂簾儀皇太子正至受賀儀皇太子與百官師保相見儀
○ Ceremonies for Entering the Pavilion, for Audiences at the Hall of Enlightened Rule, for General Amnesties, for the Empress Dowager Behind the Curtain, for the Crown Prince Receiving Congratulations at the Winter Solstice, and for the Crown Prince Meeting His Tutors, Guardians, and the Hundred Officials
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入閣儀。 唐制:天子日御正衙以見群臣,必立仗。 朔望薦食陵寢,不能臨前殿,則御便殿,乃自正衙喚仗由宣政兩門而入,是謂東、西上閣門,群臣俟於正衙者因隨以入,故謂之入閣。 五代以來,正衙既廢,而入閣亦希闊不講,宋復行之。
Entering-the-Pavilion Rites. Under Tang practice, the emperor held daily court in the main administrative hall to receive the hundred officials, and a guard of honor was always posted. On new and full moon days, when food offerings were made at the imperial tombs, the emperor could not attend the front hall and instead held court in the convenience hall. He would summon the guard posted at the main hall to enter through the east and west upper-pavilion gates of Xuanzheng, and the officials waiting in the main hall followed him in; hence the ceremony was called entering the pavilion. From the Five Dynasties onward the main administrative hall fell out of use, and entering the pavilion was seldom observed; the Song revived the practice.
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乾德四年四月朔,常服通天冠、絳紗袍,御崇元殿視朝,設金吾仗衛,群臣入閣。
In the fourth year of Qiande, on the first day of the fourth month, the emperor wore ordinary dress with the open-topped cap and crimson gauze robe, held court in the Chongyuan Hall, posted the Golden Guard honor guard, and the hundred officials performed the entering-the-pavilion rite.
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太宗淳化二年十一月,詔以十二月朔御文德殿入閣,令史館修撰楊徽之、張洎定為新儀。 前一日,有司供帳於文德殿 〈(宋初曰「文明」)〉。 是日既明,先列文武官於殿庭之東西,百官、軍校、行軍副使等序班於正衙門外屏南階下; 次御史中丞、三院御史序立,中丞獨穿金吾班過揖兩班,一揖歸本位; 次監察御史兩員監閣,於正衙門外屏北階上北面立; 次中書、門下、文明翰林樞密直學士、兩省官分班立; 次司天奏辰刻; 次閣門版奏班齊。 皇帝服靴袍乘輦,至長春殿駐輦,樞密使以下奏謁,前導至文德殿。 殿上承旨索扇,卷簾。 皇帝升位,扇卻,儀鸞使焚香; 次文武官等拜; 次司天雞唱; 次閣門勘契; 次閣門使承旨呼四色官喚仗,南班有辭謝者再拜先退,中書、門下班對揖,序立正衙門外屏北階上; 次翰林學士、兩省官、中丞、侍御史序立; 次金吾將軍押細仗入正衙門後,橫行拜訖,分行上黃道,仗隨入,金吾將軍至龍墀分班揖訖,序立; 次吏部、兵部侍郎執文武班簿入,對揖立; 次中書、門下、學士、兩省、御史台官入,北面拜訖,上黃道,將至午階,𣀃𣀃鞾急趨赴丹墀,彈奏御史至吏部侍郎南便落黃道,急趨就位; 起居郎、舍人至兵部、吏部侍郎後,急趨而進,飛至香案前,皆揖訖序立; 次金吾大將軍先對揖並鞠躬,𣀃鞾行至折方石位又對揖,北行至奏事石位鞠躬,一員奏軍國內外平安,倒行就位; 次引文武班就位,揖訖,鞠躬,𣀃鞾急趨入沙墀; 次引侍從班橫行,宰相祝月起居畢,分班序立; 文武兩班出,序立於衙門外。 刑法、待制官赴監奏位,中書、門下夾香案侍立,兩省、御史台官、學士、兵部吏部侍郎、金吾將軍、監閣御史並相次出,就衙門外立 〈(惟學士立門側北候宰相)〉。 中書、門下詣香案前奏曰:“中書公事,臣等已具奏聞。 ”訖,乃退,揖殿出。 次刑法官、待制官各奏事,並宣徽使答訖,乃出就班。 次彈奏官、左右史出。 閣內失儀者,彈糾如式。 彈奏官失儀,起居郎糾之; 起居郎失儀,閣門使糾之; 閣門使失儀,宣徽使糾之。 凡出者皆𣀃靴急趨揖殿。 次中書、門下、學士就位,閣門使宣放仗,再拜,賜廊下食,又再拜。 次閣門使奏閣內無事,文武官出,殿上索扇,垂簾,輦還宮。 其賜廊下食,自左右勤政門北東西兩廊,文東武西,以北為上立定; 中丞至本位,麵南一揖,乃就坐食; 至台吏,讚乃搢笏食,食訖復讚,食畢而罷。 五月朔,命有司增黃麾仗三百五十人,令文武官隨中書、門下橫行起居,徙翰林學士位於參知政事後,與節度使分東西揖殿出。 真宗凡三行之,景德以後,其禮不行。 仁宗從知制誥李淑議,仍讀時令,詔禮官詳定儀注,以言者謂未合典禮而罷。
In the eleventh month of the second year of Chunhua, Emperor Taizong decreed that on the first day of the twelfth month he would hold entering-the-pavilion court in the Wende Hall and ordered Academicians-Compiler Yang Huizhi and Zhang Bi to draft new regulations. On the day before, the relevant offices prepared the pavilion at the Wende Hall (In the early Song it was called "Wenming")› When day broke, civil and military officials were first arrayed east and west in the hall courtyard, while the hundred officials, military officers, deputy field-commanders, and the like formed ranks south of the steps on the screen outside the main administrative hall gate; Next the Vice Censor-in-Chief and censors of the three bureaus took their places; the Vice Censor-in-Chief alone passed through the Golden Guard formation, bowed to both ranks, bowed once, and returned to his position; Next two investigating censors supervised the pavilion gate, standing facing north on the northern steps of the screen outside the main administrative hall gate; Next officials of the Secretariat and Chancellery, Wenming Hall, Hanlin, and Privy Council direct academicians, and officials of the two departments formed separate ranks; Next the Astronomical Bureau reported the double-hour; Next the Pavilion Gate reported on the tally board that the ranks were complete. The emperor, wearing boots and robe, rode in the palanquin to the Changchun Hall and halted; from the Commissioner of Military Affairs downward they announced their audience and led the way to the Wende Hall. On the dais the designated recipient called for fans, and the screens were rolled up. The emperor ascended the seat; the fans were withdrawn; the Ceremonial Guard commissioner burned incense; Next the civil and military officials bowed; Next the Astronomical Bureau's rooster crow was intoned; Next the Pavilion Gate verified the tallies; Next the Pavilion Gate commissioner, upon receiving the order, summoned the four-color officials to call out the guard of honor; those in the southern rank with farewell speeches bowed twice and withdrew first; the Secretariat and Chancellery ranks bowed to each other and took their places on the northern steps of the screen outside the main administrative hall gate; Next Hanlin academicians, officials of the two departments, the Vice Censor-in-Chief, and attendant censors took their places in order; Next the Golden Guard general escorted the detail guard through the main administrative hall gate; after crossing and bowing, they split ranks and went up the yellow path with the guard following; the Golden Guard general reached the dragon terrace, divided ranks, finished bowing, and took their places in order; Next the Vice Ministers of Personnel and of War entered carrying the civil and military rank registers, bowed to each other, and stood; Next officials of the Secretariat, Chancellery, academicians, two departments, and Censorate entered, bowed facing north, and went up the yellow path; as they neared the noon steps they hurried in boots with quick steps to the cinnabar terrace; the impeachment censor, reaching the south side of the Vice Minister of Personnel, left the yellow path and hurried to take his place; The court diarists and heralds, following the Vice Ministers of War and Personnel, hurried forward to the incense table, bowed, and took their places in order; Next the Grand General of the Golden Guard bowed face to face and bent at the waist, hurried in boots to the corner-squaring stone and bowed again, walked north to the memorial stone and bent at the waist; one officer reported that all within and without the state was secure, then walked backward to his place; Next the civil and military ranks were led to their places; after bowing and bending at the waist, they hurried in boots into the sand terrace; Next the attendance rank was led across; after the chief ministers finished the monthly salutation audience, they divided ranks and took their places in order; The civil and military ranks went out and took their places in order outside the yamen gate. Penal-law officials and awaiting-edict commissioners went to the supervised memorial positions; the Secretariat and Chancellery stood attending on either side of the incense table; officials of the two departments, Censorate, academicians, Vice Ministers of War and Personnel, Golden Guard generals, and pavilion-supervising censors all went out in succession and took their places outside the yamen gate (only academicians stood north of the gate side awaiting the chief ministers)› The Secretariat and Chancellery went before the incense table and reported: "As to Chancellery business, we Your subjects have already fully reported it for Your hearing. " When finished, they withdrew, bowed toward the hall, and exited. Next penal-law officials and awaiting-edict commissioners each reported affairs; the Commissioner of the Palace Domestic Service answered each in turn, and they went out to join the ranks. Next the impeachment officers and left and right recorders went out. Those who breached protocol within the pavilion were impeached according to the regulations. If an impeachment officer breached protocol, the court diarist corrected him; if a court diarist breached protocol, the Pavilion Gate commissioner corrected him; if a Pavilion Gate commissioner breached protocol, the Commissioner of the Palace Domestic Service corrected him. All who went out hurried in boots quickly, bowing toward the hall. Next the Secretariat, Chancellery, and academicians took their places; the Pavilion Gate commissioner proclaimed dismissal of the guard; they bowed twice, were granted food in the corridor, and bowed twice again. Next the Pavilion Gate commissioner reported that there was no business within the pavilion; civil and military officials went out; on the dais fans were called for, the screens were lowered, and the palanquin returned to the palace. As for the grant of corridor food, from north of the east and west Diligence-in-Governance gates in the eastern and western corridors, civil officials stood east and military west, with north as the place of honor; the Vice Censor-in-Chief reached his place, faced south and bowed once, then sat to eat; down to the bureau clerks, the intoner praised and then they inserted their tablets to eat; when eating was finished the intoner praised again, and when all had finished eating the ceremony ended. On the first day of the fifth month, the relevant offices were ordered to increase the yellow-banner guard by 350 men; civil and military officials were made to cross with the Secretariat and Chancellery for the audience salutation; the Hanlin academicians' positions were moved behind the Vice Grand Councillors; and they exited bowing toward the hall, divided east and west with the military commissioners. Emperor Zhenzong performed it three times in all; after the Jingde era the rite was no longer performed. Emperor Renzong followed the proposal of Drafting Academician Li Shu to continue reading the seasonal ordinances and decreed that ritual officers work out the protocol in detail, but the plan was abandoned because critics said it did not accord with canonical ritual.
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熙寧三年,知制誥宋敏求等言:“奉詔重修定閣門儀制內文德殿殿入閣儀,按今文德殿,唐宣政殿也; 紫宸殿,唐紫宸殿也。 然祖宗視朝,皆嘗御文德入閣。 唐制,常設仗衛於宣政殿,或遇上坐紫宸,即喚仗入閣。 如此,則當御紫宸殿入閣,方合舊典。 ”翰林學士王珪等議:“按入閣者,乃唐舊日紫宸殿受常朝之儀也。 唐紫宸與今同,宣政殿即今文德殿。 唐制,天子坐朝,必立仗於正衙。 若止御紫宸,即喚正衙仗自宣政殿東西閣門入,故為入閣。 五代以來遂廢正衙立仗之制。 今閣門所載入閣儀者,止是唐常朝之儀,非盛禮也。 ”自是入閣之禮遂罷。
In the third year of Xining, Drafting Academician Song Minqiu and others said: "By decree we have revised and fixed the Wende Hall entering-the-pavilion rite within the Pavilion Gate protocol compendium. The present Wende Hall is the Tang Xuanzheng Hall; the Zichen Hall is the Tang Zichen Hall. Yet our founding ancestors all held court by entering the pavilion at the Wende Hall. Under Tang practice, guard of honor was regularly posted at the Xuanzheng Hall; when the emperor happened to take his seat at Zichen, the guard was summoned to enter the pavilion. In this way, entering the pavilion should be held at the Zichen Hall to accord with the old canon." Academician Wang Gui and others deliberated: "Entering the pavilion was the Tang's old rite for receiving regular court at the Zichen Hall. The Tang Zichen is the same as the present one; the Xuanzheng Hall is the present Wende Hall. Under Tang practice, when the Son of Heaven held court, guard of honor had to be posted at the main administrative hall. If he held court only at Zichen, the main-hall guard was summoned to enter through the east and west pavilion gates of the Xuanzheng Hall; hence it was called entering the pavilion. From the Five Dynasties onward the institution of posting guard at the main administrative hall was abolished. What the Pavilion Gate now records as entering-the-pavilion rites is only the Tang regular-court rite, not a grand ceremony. " From this the entering-the-pavilion rite was abolished.
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敏求又言:“本朝惟入閣乃御文德殿視朝,今既不用入閣儀,即文德遂闕視朝之禮。 請下兩制及太常禮院,約唐制御宣政殿,裁定朔望御文德殿儀,以備正衙視朝之制。 ”學士韓維等以《入閣圖》增損裁定上儀曰:
Minqiu further said: "In our dynasty only entering the pavilion meant holding court at the Wende Hall. Now that the entering-the-pavilion rite is no longer used, the Wende Hall thereby lacks its court-audience rite. We ask that the two drafting institutes and the Court of Imperial Sacrifices ritual institute be directed, following Tang practice for court at the Xuanzheng Hall, to fix the rite for holding court at the Wende Hall on new and full moon days, so as to supply the institution of main-hall court audience." Academicians Han Wei and others, adding to and revising the "Diagram of Entering the Pavilion," fixed and submitted the court protocol as follows:
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朔日不值假,前五日,閣門移諸司排辦,前一日,有司供帳文德殿。 其日,金吾將軍常服押本衛仗,判殿中省官押細仗,先入殿庭,東西對列; 文武官東西序立; 諸軍將校分入,北向立; 朝堂引讚官引彈奏御史二員入殿門踏道,當下殿北向立; 次催文武班分入,並東西相向立; 諸軍將校即於殿庭北向立班。 皇帝服靴袍御垂拱殿,鳴鞭,內侍、閣門、管軍依朔望常例起居; 次引樞密、宣徽、三司使副、樞密直學士、內客省使以下至醫官、待詔及修起居注官二員並大起居。 諸司使以下,退排立。 帝輦至文德殿後,閣門奏班齊,帝出,殿上索扇,升榻,鳴鞭; 扇開,卷簾,儀鸞使焚香,喝文武官就位,四拜起居; 雞人唱時; 舍人於彈奏御史班前西向喝大起居。 御史由文武班後至對立位,次引左右金吾將軍合班於宣制石南大起居,班首出班躬奏軍國內外平安,歸位再拜,各歸東西押仗位。 通喝舍人於宣制石南北向對立。 舍人退於西階,次揖宰臣、親王以下,躬奏文武百僚、宰臣某姓名以下起居,分引宰臣以下橫行,諸軍將校仍舊立。 閣門使喝大起居,舍人引宰臣至儀石北,俯伏跪致詞祝月訖,其詞云:“文武百僚、宰臣全銜臣某姓名等言:孟春之吉,伏惟皇帝陛下膺受時祉,與天無窮,臣等無任歡呼抃蹈之至。 ”歸位五拜。 閣門使揖中書由東階升殿,樞密使帶平章事以上由西階升殿侍立; 給事中一員歸左省位立; 轉對官立於給事中之南 〈(如罷轉對官,每遇御史台前期牒請。 文官二員並依轉對官例,先於閣門投進奏狀)〉; 吏部侍郎及刑法官立於轉對官南; 兵部侍郎於右省班南,與吏部侍郎東西相向立,搢笏,各出班籍置笏上 〈(吏部、兵部侍郎以知審官東、西院官充,刑法官以知審刑、大理寺官充)〉; 親王、使相以下分班出; 引轉對官於宣制石南,宣徽使殿上承旨宣答如儀; 次吏部、兵部侍郎及刑法官對揖出; 次彈奏御史無彈奏對揖出 〈(如有彈奏,並如儀)〉。 引給事中至宣制石南揖,躬奏殿中無事; 喝祗候,揖,西出; 次引修起居注官,次引排立供奉官以下各合班於宣制石南躬; 喝祗候揖,分班出; 喝天武官等門外祗候,出。 索扇,垂簾,皇帝降坐,鳴鞭; 舍人當殿承旨放仗,四色官𣀃靴急趨至宣制石南,稱奉敕放仗。 金吾將軍並判殿中省官對拜,訖,隨仗出,親王、使相、節度使至刺史、學士、台省官、諸軍將校等並序班朝堂,謝賜茶酒。 帝復御垂拱殿,中書、樞密及請對官奏事; 不引見謝、辭班。 後殿坐,臨時取旨。 其日遇有德音、制書、御劄,仍候退御垂拱殿坐,制箱出外。 應正衙見、謝、辭文武臣僚,並依御史台儀制喚班,依序分入於文武班後,以北為首,分東西相向,重行異位,依見、辭、謝班序位。 餘押班臣僚於班稍前押班,候刑法官對揖出,分引近前揖躬。 舍人當殿宣班,引轉對班見、謝、辭,並如紫宸儀。 樞密使不帶平章事、參知政事至同簽書樞密院事、宣徽使並立於宣制石南稍北,宰臣、親王、樞密使帶平章事、使相係押班者,立於儀石南,餘官並立於宣制石南,如合通喚,閣門使引並如儀。 讚喝訖,係中書、樞密並揖升殿辭謝,揖,西出,其合問聖體者,並如儀; 餘官分班出 〈(彈奏御史候見、謝、辭班絕,對揖出。 其朝見,如謝都城門外御筵,及召赴闕謝茶藥撫問之類,不可合班者,各依別班中謝對。 賜酒食等並門賜。 其係正衙見門謝辭,亦門外唱放)〉。
On the first day of the month, if it was not a holiday, five days before the Pavilion Gate notified the various offices to arrange preparations; one day before, the relevant offices prepared the pavilion at the Wende Hall. That day, the Golden Guard general in ordinary dress escorted his command's guard; an official deputizing for the Palace Domestic Service escorted the detail guard; they entered the hall courtyard first and faced each other east and west; civil and military officials stood in order east and west; various army officers entered separately and stood facing north; court ushers led two impeachment censors in through the hall gate ramp; they stood facing north below the dais; next the civil and military ranks were summoned in separately and stood facing each other east and west; Army officers then formed ranks facing north in the hall courtyard. The emperor, wearing boots and robe, held court at the Chuigong Hall; the whip was cracked; inner attendants, Pavilion Gate officials, and army commanders performed the audience salutation according to the usual new-and-full-moon practice; Next the Military Affairs Bureau, Palace Domestic Service, Three Fiscal Commissaries and deputies, Privy Council direct academicians, Palace Reception commissioners downward to medical officers, awaiting-edict officials, and the two court diarists all performed the great audience salutation. Commissioners of various offices downward withdrew and stood in formation. When the emperor's palanquin reached the rear of the Wende Hall, the Pavilion Gate reported that the ranks were complete; the emperor came out; on the dais fans were called for; he ascended the couch; the whip was cracked; The fans opened; screens were rolled up; the Ceremonial Guard commissioner burned incense; civil and military officials were called to their places and performed four bows for the audience salutation; the rooster herald intoned the hour; A herald facing west before the impeachment censors' rank called out the great audience salutation. The censors passed behind the civil and military ranks to the facing positions; next the left and right Golden Guard generals were led to combine ranks south of the proclamation stone for the great audience salutation; the rank leader stepped out, bowed, and reported that all within and without the state was secure, returned and bowed twice, and each returned to his east or west guard-escort position. The announcing heralds stood facing each other north and south at the proclamation stone. The herald withdrew to the western steps; next he bowed to the chief ministers and imperial princes downward, bowed and reported the audience salutation of the civil and military hundred officials and Chief Minister [name]'s rank and below; he separately led the chief ministers and others across; army officers remained standing as before. The Pavilion Gate commissioner proclaimed the great audience salutation; a herald led the chief ministers north of the ritual stone, where they prostrated themselves and delivered the monthly salutation. The text ran: "We, the civil and military hundred officials and Chief Minister [full titles], Your subject [name] and others, declare: On this auspicious day in early spring, we respectfully wish Your Majesty may receive the blessings of the season, enduring as heaven itself. We are overcome with joy, shouting and stamping in exultation to the utmost. " They returned to their places and performed five bows. The Pavilion Gate commissioner bowed and led the Secretariat up by the eastern steps; the Commissioner of Military Affairs and those who held the concurrent title Grand Councillor or higher ascended by the western steps to attend standing; one Supervising Secretary returned to the left department position and stood; the rotation-report official stood south of the Supervising Secretary (If the rotation-report official was dispensed with, each time the Censorate submitted a petition beforehand. Two civil officials, following the rotation-report precedent, first submitted memorials at the Pavilion Gate)› the Vice Minister of Personnel and penal-law officials stood south of the rotation-report official; the Vice Minister of War stood south of the right department rank, facing the Vice Minister of Personnel east and west; they inserted their tablets, each stepped from rank, and placed the register on the tablet (The Vice Ministers of Personnel and War were filled by the officers who directed the eastern and western Review-of-Appointments offices; penal-law officials were filled by the officers who directed the Review of Punishments and the Court of Judicial Review)› imperial princes and commissioners with diplomatic seals downward withdrew by rank; the rotation-report official was led south of the proclamation stone; the Commissioner of the Palace Domestic Service, on the dais receiving the imperial rescript, proclaimed the response according to ritual; next the Vice Ministers of Personnel and War and the penal-law officials bowed face to face and withdrew; next the impeachment censor, having no impeachment to present, bowed face to face and withdrew (If there were an impeachment, all followed ritual)› Next, the Supervising Secretary was led to the proclamation stone, bowed, and reported in person that there was no business in the hall; the attendant was called; he bowed and exited west; next the diarist was led; next the attending officials and below were arranged in ranks, each combining at the proclamation stone and bowing; attendants were called; they bowed and withdrew by rank; attendants of the Celestial Martial Guard and others were called to wait outside; then they withdrew. Fans were called for, the screens were lowered, the emperor descended from his seat, and the whip was cracked; a herald received the rescript at the dais to dismiss the guard; the four-color officials hurrying in boots rushed to the proclamation stone and declared, "By imperial edict, dismiss the guard." The Golden Guard generals and acting officials of the Palace Domestic Service bowed face to face; when finished they followed the guard out. Imperial princes, commissioners with diplomatic seals, military governors down to prefects, academicians, Secretariat and Censorate officials, army officers and commanders, and others all formed ranks in the court hall to thank the emperor for the gift of tea and wine. The emperor again took his seat at Chui'gong Hall, and the Secretariat, Military Affairs Commission, and petitioners reported business; The audience-thanks and farewell ranks were not led in. For the later session at the rear hall, orders were taken as needed. On days when there were gracious edicts, formal proclamations, or imperial memoranda, one still waited until after the session at Chui'gong Hall, then the proclamation box was brought out. For civil and military officials presenting themselves, offering thanks, or taking leave at the main administrative hall, ranks were called according to Censorate protocol; in order they entered behind the civil and military ranks, with north as head, dividing east and west facing each other, double ranks in separate positions, according to the sequence for audience, farewell, and thanks ranks. The remaining escort officials stood slightly forward of the rank as escorts; when the penal-law officials bowed face to face and withdrew, they were separately led forward to bow. A herald at the dais announced the ranks and led the rotation-report rank for audience, thanks, and farewell—all according to Zichen Hall ritual. The Commissioner of Military Affairs not holding Grand Councillor, the Vice Grand Councillors down to the Associate Signatory of the Military Affairs Commission, and the Commissioner of the Palace Domestic Service all stood slightly north of the proclamation stone; chief ministers, imperial princes, and the Commissioner of Military Affairs holding Grand Councillor who served as escorts stood south of the ritual stone; the remaining officials all stood at the proclamation stone; when summoning was appropriate together, the Pavilion Gate commissioner led them in according to ritual. When the announcements finished, those tied to the Secretariat and Military Affairs Commission all bowed, ascended the dais to take leave and offer thanks, bowed, and exited west; those who should inquire after the emperor's health all followed ritual; the remaining officials withdrew by rank (The impeachment censor waited until the audience, thanks, and farewell ranks were finished, then bowed face to face and withdrew. For court audiences such as thanking for the imperial feast outside the capital gate, or being summoned to court to thank for tea, medicine, or imperial inquiries—when ranks could not be combined, each offered thanks separately in a special rank. Gifts of wine and food were all bestowed at the gate. For those presenting themselves at the main hall and taking leave with thanks at the gate, dismissal was also proclaimed outside the gate)›
9
應正衙見、謝、辭臣僚,前一日於閣門投詣正衙榜子,閣門上奏目; 又投正衙狀於御史台、四方館。 應朔日或得旨罷文德殿視朝,止御紫宸殿起居,其已上奏目。 正衙見、謝、辭班並放免,依官品隨赴紫宸殿引,或值改,依常朝文德殿,自有百官班日,並如舊儀。 應外國蕃客見、辭,候喚班先引赴殿庭東,依本國職次重行異位立,候見、辭、謝班絕,西向躬。 舍人當殿通班轉於宣制石南,北向立,讚喝如儀,西出。 其酒食分物並門賜,如有進奉,候彈奏御史出,進奉入 〈(唯御馬及擔床自殿西偏門入,東偏門出。 其進奉出入,文武官起居,舍人通某國進奉,宣徽使喝進奉出,節次如紫宸儀)〉。 候進奉出,給事中奏殿中無事,出。 其後殿再坐,合引出者,從別儀。
Officials presenting themselves, offering thanks, or taking leave at the main administrative hall submitted a petition to the main hall one day before at the Pavilion Gate, and the Pavilion Gate forwarded the list to the throne; They also submitted main-hall memorials to the Censorate and the Reception Office for Foreign Envoys. On new-moon days when the throne ordered that the Wende Hall audience be cancelled, only the Zichen Hall audience salutation was held—the list already submitted remained in effect. The main-hall audience, thanks, and farewell ranks were all excused; officials proceeded by rank to the Zichen Hall introduction, or if the schedule changed, they followed the regular Wende Hall court day with the hundred officials' ranks—all according to the old ritual. For foreign tribute guests presenting themselves or taking leave, when ranks were called they were first led to the east of the court, stood in double ranks in separate positions according to their own country's ranks, waited until the audience, farewell, and thanks ranks were finished, then bowed facing west. A herald at the dais announced the rank, turned south of the proclamation stone, stood facing north, proclaimed according to ritual, and exited west. Wine, food, and distributed goods were all bestowed at the gate; if there were tribute offerings, one waited until the impeachment censor withdrew, then the tribute was brought in (Only the imperial horses and carrying couches entered through the western side gate of the hall and exited through the eastern side gate. For tribute entering and leaving, civil and military officials performed the audience salutation; a herald announced the tribute from such-and-such country; the Commissioner of the Palace Domestic Service called for the tribute to withdraw—the sequence as at Zichen Hall)› When the tribute had withdrawn, the Supervising Secretary reported that there was no business in the hall and withdrew. For a second session at the rear hall, those who should be led out followed separate ritual.
10
其日,賜茶酒,宰臣、樞密於閣子,親王於本廳,使相、宣徽使、兩省官、待制、三司副使、文武百官、皇親使相以下至率府副率,及四廂都指揮使以下至副都頭,並於朝堂 〈(如朝堂位次不足,即於朝堂門外設次)〉。 管軍節度使至四廂都指揮使、節度使、兩使留後至刺史,並於客省廳。
That day, tea and wine were bestowed; chief ministers and Military Affairs commissioners at the pavilion; imperial princes at their own halls; commissioners with diplomatic seals, the Commissioner of the Palace Domestic Service, officials of the two departments, academicians-in-attendance, deputy commissioners of the Three Departments, civil and military hundred officials, imperial kinsmen with diplomatic commissioner titles down to deputy commandants of the Princes' Household, and the four-brigade commanders-in-chief down to deputy squad leaders—all at the court hall (If places at the court hall were insufficient, seats were set up outside the court hall gate)› Military governors commanding armies down to four-brigade commanders-in-chief, military governors, fiscal and transport commissioners' deputies down to prefects—all at the Reception Hall.
11
詔從所定。 徽宗初建明堂,禮制局列上七議:
An edict approved what had been fixed. At the beginning of Huizong's construction of the Hall of Enlightened Rule, the Ritual-Regulations Bureau submitted seven proposals:
12
一曰:古者朔必告廟,示不敢專。 請視朝聽朔必先奏告,以見繼述之意。
First: In antiquity, the new moon was always announced at the ancestral temple, showing that the ruler dared not act alone. We ask that holding court and hearing the new moon always begin with a memorial announcement, to manifest the intent to continue and carry forward the legacy.
13
二曰:古者天子負扆南向以朝諸侯,聽朔則各隨其方。 請自今御明堂正南向之位,布政則隨月而御堂,其閏月則居門焉。
Second: In antiquity the Son of Heaven, leaning on the screen facing south, received the feudal lords; at the new-moon audience each faced according to his direction. We ask that from now on he take the Hall of Enlightened Rule's due-south position; for issuing governance he should occupy the hall according to the month, and in intercalary months take the position at the gate.
14
三曰:《禮記•月令》,天子居青陽、總章,每月異禮。 請稽《月令》十二堂之制,修定時令,使有司奉而行之。
Third: In the "Book of Rites • Monthly Ordinances," the Son of Heaven dwells in Qingyang and Zongzhang, with different rites each month. We ask to examine the "Monthly Ordinances" system of the twelve halls, revise and fix the seasonal orders, and have the relevant offices receive and implement them.
15
四曰:《月令》以季秋之月為來歲受朔之日。 請以每歲十月於明堂受新曆,退而頒之郡國。
Fourth: The "Monthly Ordinances" takes the autumn month as the day for receiving the new moon of the coming year. We ask that each year in the tenth month at the Hall of Enlightened Rule he receive the new calendar, then withdraw and distribute it to the commanderies and kingdoms.
16
五曰:古者天子負扆,公、侯、伯、子、男、蠻夷戎狄四塞之國各以內外尊卑為位。 請自今元正、冬至及大朝會並御明堂,遼使依賓禮,蕃國各隨其方,立於四門之外。
Fifth: In antiquity the Son of Heaven leaned on the screen; dukes, marquises, earls, viscounts, barons, and the barbarian states of the four frontiers each took position according to inner and outer precedence. We ask that from now on New Year's Day, the winter solstice, and great court assemblies all be held at the Hall of Enlightened Rule; Liao envoys follow guest ritual; tribute states each according to their direction stand outside the four gates.
17
六曰:古者以明堂為布政之宮,自今若有御劄、手詔並請先於明堂宣示,然後榜之朝堂,頒之天下。
Sixth: In antiquity the Hall of Enlightened Rule was the palace for issuing governance; from now on if there are imperial memoranda or autograph edicts, we ask that they first be proclaimed at the Hall of Enlightened Rule, then posted in the court hall and promulgated throughout the realm.
18
七曰:赦書、德音,舊制宣於文德殿,自今非御樓肆赦,並於明堂宣讀。
Seventh: Amnesty documents and gracious edicts were formerly proclaimed at the Wende Hall; from now on, unless there is an amnesty from the imperial tower, all are to be read aloud at the Hall of Enlightened Rule.
19
政和七年九月一日,詔頒朔、布政自十月為始。 是月一日,上御明堂平朔左個,頒天運、政治及八年戊戍歲運、曆數於天下。 自是每月朔御明堂布是月之政。 先是,群臣五上表請負扆聽朝,詔弗允,至是復再請,始從之。 十一月一日上御明堂,南面以朝百辟,退坐於平朔頒政。 其禮:百官常服立明堂下,乘輿自內殿出,負坐斧扆明堂。 大晟樂作,百官朝於堂下,大臣升階進呈所頒布時令,左右丞一員跪請付外施行,宰相承制可之,左右丞乃下授頒政官,頒政官受而讀之訖,出,閣門奏禮畢。 帝降坐,百官乃退。 自是以為常。 其歲運、曆數、天運、政治之辭,文多不載。 是後則各隨歲月星曆氣運推移沿改,而易其辭焉。
On the first day of the ninth month in the seventh year of Zhenghe, an edict ordered that proclaiming the new moon and issuing governance begin from the tenth month. On the first day of that month, the emperor took his seat at the Ping Shuo left bay of the Hall of Enlightened Rule and promulgated the celestial cycles, governance, and the year-cycle and calendrical reckonings for the eighth year, the wuxu year, throughout the realm. From this time forth, each month at the new moon he held court at the Hall of Enlightened Rule and issued that month's governance. Previously the hundred officials five times submitted memorials requesting that he lean on the screen and hold court; an edict did not approve; at this time they again requested twice, and then he assented. On the first day of the eleventh month the emperor held court at the Hall of Enlightened Rule, facing south to receive the hundred nobles; he withdrew to sit at the Ping Shuo bay to promulgate governance. The ritual: the hundred officials in ordinary dress stood below the Hall of Enlightened Rule; the imperial palanquin came out from the inner hall; he leaned on the axe-adorned screen at the Hall of Enlightened Rule. The Dasheng music was performed; the hundred officials paid court below the hall; chief ministers ascended the steps and presented the seasonal orders to be promulgated; one of the left and right vice directors knelt and requested that they be sent outward for implementation; the chief minister received the rescript and assented; the left and right vice directors then descended and handed them to the governance-issuing officer; the governance-issuing officer received them, read them aloud to completion, withdrew, and the Pavilion Gate reported that the ritual was finished. The emperor descended from his seat; then the hundred officials withdrew. From this it became regular practice. The texts of the year-cycles, calendrical reckonings, celestial cycles, and governance are for the most part not recorded here. Thereafter the wording changed with the shifting and revision of the years, months, stars, calendars, and seasonal cycles.
20
初,尚書左丞薛昂條具崇寧以來紹述熙、豐政事,各條其節目,係之月令,頒於明堂。 尋詔:“頒月之朔,使民知寒暑燥濕之化,而萬里之遠,雖驛置日行五百里,已不及時。 其千里外當前期十日進呈取旨,頒布諸州長吏封掌,俟月朔宣讀之。”
Initially, Left Vice Director of the Ministry of Revenue Xue Ang itemized the policies continuing the Xining and Yuanfeng reforms since the Chongning period, listing each article, attaching them to the monthly ordinances, and promulgating them at the Hall of Enlightened Rule. Soon an edict read: "Proclaiming the monthly new moon, so that the people may know the changes of cold and heat, dryness and dampness—even five hundred li a day by relay post to ten thousand li distant already cannot reach in time. Beyond a thousand li, they should ten days beforehand submit them for approval; the chief officials of the various prefectures should seal and keep them, awaiting the new moon of the month for proclamation and reading.
21
御樓肆赦。 每郊祀前一日,有司設百官、親王、蕃國諸州朝貢使、僧道、耆老位宣德門外,太常設宮縣、鉦鼓。 其日,刑部錄諸囚以俟。 駕還至宣德門內幄次,改常服,群臣就位,帝登樓御坐,樞密使、宣徽使侍立,仗衛如儀。 通事舍人引群臣橫行再拜訖,復位。 侍臣宣曰“承旨”,舍人詣樓前,侍臣宣敕立金雞。 舍人退詣班南,宣付所司訖,太常擊鼓集囚。 少府監立雞竿於樓東南隅,竿末伎人四面緣繩爭上,取雞口所銜絳幡,獲者即與之。 樓上以朱絲繩貫木鶴,仙人乘之,奉制書循繩而下,至地,以畫台承鶴,有司取制書置案上。 閣門使承旨引案宣付中書、門下,轉授通事舍人,北面宣云“有制”,百官再拜。 宣赦訖,還授中書、門下,付刑部侍郎承旨放囚,百官稱賀。 閣門使進詣前,承旨宣答訖,百官又再拜、舞蹈,退。 若德音、赦書自內出者,並如文德殿宣制之儀。 其降御劄,亦閣門使跪授殿門外置箱中,百官班定,閣門授宰臣讀訖,傳告,百僚皆拜舞稱萬歲。 真宗宣制,有司請用儀仗四千人,自承天殿設細仗導衛,近臣起居訖,則分左右前導之。
Amnesty from the imperial tower. On the day before each suburban sacrifice, the relevant offices set places outside the Xuande Gate for the hundred officials, imperial princes, tribute envoys from foreign states and various prefectures, monks and Daoists, and elders; the Court of Imperial Sacrifices set up the palace bells and chime-stones and gongs and drums. That day, the Ministry of Justice recorded all prisoners to await release. When the imperial procession returned to the inner tent at the Xuande Gate, the emperor changed to ordinary dress; the hundred officials took their places; the emperor ascended the tower and took his seat; the Commissioner of Military Affairs and the Commissioner of the Palace Domestic Service attended standing; guard and escort as ritual. The diplomatic herald led the hundred officials across in two bows; when finished they returned to their places. An attending minister proclaimed "Receive the rescript"; the herald went before the tower; the attending minister proclaimed the edict to raise the golden cock. The herald withdrew to the south of the ranks, proclaimed and handed it over to the relevant office; when finished, the Court of Imperial Sacrifices beat the drum to assemble the prisoners. The Directorate of Palace Manufactories set up the cock pole at the southeast corner of the tower; at the pole top performers on all four sides scrambled up the rope to seize the crimson banner held in the cock's mouth; whoever obtained it received it. On the tower a wooden crane pierced by a red silk cord, with an immortal riding it, bore the proclamation down along the cord; reaching the ground, a decorated platform received the crane; the relevant office took the proclamation and placed it on the desk. The Pavilion Gate commissioner, receiving the rescript, led the desk and proclaimed, handing it to the Secretariat and Chancellery; it was transferred to the diplomatic herald, who facing north proclaimed "There is a proclamation"; the hundred officials bowed twice. When the amnesty proclamation was finished, it was returned to the Secretariat and Chancellery and given to the Vice Minister of Justice to receive the rescript and release the prisoners; the hundred officials offered congratulations. The Pavilion Gate commissioner advanced to the fore, received the rescript and proclaimed the response; when finished, the hundred officials again bowed twice, performed the dance, and withdrew. If gracious edicts or amnesty documents issued from within, all followed the Wende Hall proclamation ritual. For imperial memoranda issued down, the Pavilion Gate commissioner also knelt and handed them outside the hall gate into a chest; when the hundred officials' ranks were set, the Pavilion Gate gave them to the chief minister to read aloud; when finished, it was announced; all officials bowed, danced, and proclaimed "Ten thousand years." For Zhenzong's proclamation, the relevant offices requested four thousand ceremonial guards; from the Chengtian Hall a detailed guard was set up to escort; when the close ministers finished the audience salutation, they divided left and right to lead the way forward.
22
皇太后臨朝聽政。 乾興元年,真宗崩,遺旨以皇帝尚幼,軍國事兼權取皇太后處分。 宰相率百官稱賀,復前奉慰,又慰皇太后於簾前。 有司詳定儀式:內東門拜表,合差入內都知一員跪授傳進; 皇太后所降批答,首書“覽表具之”,末云“所請宜許”或“不許”。 初,丁謂定皇太后稱“予”,中書與禮院參議,每下制令稱“予”,便殿處分稱“吾”。 皇太后詔:“止稱‘吾’,與皇帝並御承明殿垂簾決事。 ”百官表賀。
The Empress Dowager held court behind the curtain and governed. In the first year of Qianxing, Zhenzong died; his final testament said that because the emperor was still young, military and state affairs were jointly entrusted to the Empress Dowager for disposition. The chief minister led the hundred officials in offering congratulations; they again advanced to offer condolences; and again offered condolences to the Empress Dowager before the curtain. The relevant offices worked out the protocol in detail: for presenting a memorial at the Inner Eastern Gate, one Inner Quarters Director should be assigned to kneel, receive, and forward it; In rescript replies issued by the Empress Dowager, the opening read "I have read your memorial and noted its particulars," and the closing read "Your request should be granted" or "not granted." At first Ding Wei fixed the Empress Dowager's self-designation as yu ("I"); the Secretariat and Board of Rites debated the matter: in formal edicts and commands she was to use yu, but in informal dispositions from the convenience hall she was to use wu. The Empress Dowager decreed: "Use only wu ('I'); together with the emperor hold court at the Chenming Hall behind the curtain to decide affairs." " The hundred officials submitted memorials of congratulation.
23
英宗即位,輔臣請與皇太后權同聽政。 禮院議:自四月內東門小殿垂簾,兩府合班起居,以次奏事,非時召學士亦許至小殿。 時帝以疾權居柔儀殿東閣西室,太后垂簾處分稱“吾”,唯兩府日入候問聖體,因奏政事,退詣小殿簾外,覆奏太后。 帝疾間,御前後殿聽政,兩府退朝,猶於小殿覆奏。
When Yingzong acceded, the chief ministers asked that he and the Empress Dowager jointly hold provisional authority to govern. The Board of Rites decided: from the fourth month the Empress Dowager would hold court behind the curtain at the small hall of the Inner Eastern Gate; the Two Departments would salute in a combined formation, report business in turn, and when summoned at irregular hours academicians were also permitted to attend the small hall. At the time the emperor, ill, temporarily resided in the western chamber of the eastern pavilion of Rouyi Hall; the empress dowager issued dispositions from behind the curtain using wu ("I"); only the Two Departments entered daily to inquire after his health and report government affairs, then withdrew to outside the small hall's curtain and reported again to the empress dowager. When the emperor's illness eased, he held court in the front and rear halls; after the Two Departments withdrew from court, they still reported again at the small hall.
24
哲宗即位,太皇太后權同聽政。 三省、樞密院按儀注:未釋服以前,遇隻日皇帝御迎陽門,日參官並赴起居,依例奏事。 每五日,遇隻日於迎陽門垂簾,皇帝坐於簾內之北,宰執奏事則權屏去左右侍衛; 事有機速,許非時請對,及賜宣召,亦許升殿。 禮部、御史台、閣門奏討論御殿及垂簾儀制,每朔、望、六參,皇帝御前殿,百官起居,三省、樞密院奏事,應見、謝、辭班退,各令詣內東門進榜子。 皇帝隻日御延和殿垂簾,日參官起居太皇太后,移班少西起居皇帝,並再拜。 三省、樞密院奏事,三日以上四拜,不舞蹈,候祔廟畢,起居如常儀。 簾前通事以內侍,殿下以閣門。 吏部磨勘奏舉人,垂簾日引。 應見、謝、辭臣僚遇朔、望參日不坐,並先詣殿門,次內東門,應抬賜者並門賜之。 於是帝御迎陽門幄殿,同太皇太后垂簾,宰臣、親王以下合班起居。 常制分班十六,至是合班,以閣門奏請故也。 禮官請如有祥瑞、邊捷,宰臣以下紫宸殿稱賀皇帝畢,赴內東門賀太皇太后。 從之。
When Zhezong acceded, the Grand Empress Dowager held provisional joint authority to govern. The Three Departments and Military Affairs Commission followed ritual protocol: before mourning dress ended, on odd-numbered days the emperor held court at the Yingyang Gate; daily-attending officials all came to salute and report business as usual. Every five days, on an odd-numbered day court was held behind the curtain at the Yingyang Gate; the emperor sat at the north within the curtain; when chief ministers reported business, attendants on either side were temporarily dismissed; if business was urgent, unscheduled audiences were permitted, and when summoned by imperial decree, officials were also permitted to ascend the hall. The Ministry of Rites, Censorate, and Pavilion Gate memorialized to discuss protocol for main-hall court and curtain audience: on new-moon, full-moon, and six-attendance days the emperor held court in the front hall; the hundred officials saluted; the Three Departments and Military Affairs Commission reported business; and when audience, thanksgiving, and farewell ranks withdrew, each was directed to the Inner Eastern Gate to submit a petition slip. On odd-numbered days the emperor held court behind the curtain at the Yanhe Hall; daily-attending officials saluted the Grand Empress Dowager, then shifted slightly west to salute the emperor; all bowed twice. When the Three Departments and Military Affairs Commission reported business, for three days or more they bowed four times without the bow-and-dance; after enshrinement in the ancestral temple was complete, salutations followed the usual protocol. Before the curtain, protocol announcers were inner attendants; below the hall, they were Pavilion Gate officials. When the Ministry of Personnel reviewed and memorialized candidates, they were introduced on days when court was held behind the curtain. Officials due for audience, thanksgiving, or farewell who encountered new-moon or full-moon attendance days did not take seats; all first went to the hall gate, then to the Inner Eastern Gate; items to be granted by raised tray were all granted at the gate. Thereupon the emperor held court at the pavilion hall of the Yingyang Gate and, together with the Grand Empress Dowager, held court behind the curtain; chief ministers, imperial princes, and those below saluted in a combined formation. Under regular protocol there were sixteen separate ranks; on this occasion they formed a combined rank at the Pavilion Gate's request. Ritual officials requested that when auspicious omens or frontier victories occurred, after chief ministers and those below congratulated the emperor at the Zichen Hall, they should proceed to the Inner Eastern Gate to congratulate the Grand Empress Dowager. The request was granted.
25
皇太子元正、冬至受群臣賀儀。 《政和新儀》:前一日,有司於東門外量地之宜,設三公以下文武群官等次如常儀; 典儀設皇太子答拜褥位於階下,南向,又設文武群官版位於門之外。 其日,禮直官、舍人先引三公以下文武群臣以次入,就位立定。 禮直官、舍人引左庶子詣皇太子前,跪請內嚴; 少頃,又言外備。 內侍褰簾,皇太子常服出次,左右侍衛如常儀。 皇太子降階詣南向褥位,典儀曰“再拜”,讚者承傳曰“再拜”,三公以下皆再拜,皇太子答拜。 班首少前稱賀云:“元正首祚 〈(冬至云“天正長至”)〉 ,景福維新。 伏惟皇太子殿下,與時同休。 ”賀訖,少退,復位。 左庶子前,承命詣群臣前答云:“元正首祚 〈(冬至云“天正長至”)〉 ,與公等均慶。 ”典儀曰“再拜”,班首以下皆再拜,皇太子答拜。 訖,禮直官、通事舍人引三公以下文武百官以次出,內侍引皇太子升階,還次,降簾,侍衛如常儀。
Rites for the crown prince to receive congratulations from the assembled officials on New Year's Day and the winter solstice. New Rites of the Zhenghe Era: On the day before, the relevant offices laid out suitable ground outside the eastern gate and set the ordered ranks of the Three Excellencies and below, civil and military officials together, according to usual protocol; The master of ceremonies set the crown prince's cushioned station for returning bows below the steps, facing south, and set the name-tablet positions of civil and military officials outside the gate. On that day ritual attendants and protocol masters first led the Three Excellencies and below, civil and military officials, to enter in order and take their positions. Ritual attendants and protocol masters led the Left Junior Guardian before the crown prince; he knelt and requested that the inner court be secured; after a short while he again reported that the outer preparations were complete. Inner attendants raised the curtain; the crown prince in ordinary dress emerged from the side chamber with attendants left and right as usual. The crown prince descended the steps to the south-facing cushioned station; the master of ceremonies called "Bow twice"; the announcer echoed "Bow twice"; the Three Excellencies and below all bowed twice; the crown prince returned the bow. The lead official stepped forward and offered congratulations: "On New Year's Day, the year's first fortune (On the winter solstice say "On the winter solstice, when the celestial first day reaches its fullness")› , may splendid fortune be renewed. We humbly pray that Your Highness the Crown Prince may share repose with the times. " When congratulations were finished, he withdrew and returned to position. The Left Junior Guardian advanced; receiving the command, he went before the assembled officials and replied: "On New Year's Day, the year's first fortune (On the winter solstice say "On the winter solstice, when the celestial first day reaches its fullness")› , may we share this celebration equally with you all. " The master of ceremonies called "Bow twice"; from the lead official downward all bowed twice; the crown prince returned the bow. When finished, ritual attendants and protocol masters led the Three Excellencies and below, civil and military officials, to withdraw in order; inner attendants led the crown prince up the steps and back to the side chamber; the curtain was lowered; attendants followed the usual protocol.
26
少頃,禮直官、舍人引知樞密院官以下入,就位立定,內侍引皇太子降階,詣南向褥位,樞密以下參賀如上儀。 訖,退。 次引師、傅、保、賓客以下入,就位,參賀如上儀。 師、傅、保以下以次出。
After a short while ritual attendants and protocol masters led the Director of the Military Affairs Commission and those below to enter and take their positions; inner attendants led the crown prince down the steps to the south-facing cushioned station; the Military Affairs Commission and those below offered congratulations as above. When finished, they withdrew. Next the Preceptor, Tutor, Guardian, guests of honor, and those below were led in, took their positions, and offered congratulations as above. The Preceptor, Tutor, Guardian, and those below withdrew in order.
27
內侍引皇太子升坐,禮直官引文武宮官入,就位,重行北向立,典儀曰“再拜”,在位官皆再拜。 左庶子少前,跪言:“具官某言:元正首祚 〈(冬至云“天正長至”)〉 ,伏惟皇太子殿下,與時同休。 ”俯伏,興,復位。 典儀曰“再拜”,在位者皆再拜,分東西序立。 左庶子少前,跪言禮畢。 左右近侍降簾,皇太子降坐,宮官退,左右侍衛以次出。
Inner attendants led the crown prince to his seat; ritual attendants led civil and military palace officials in to take their positions in double rows facing north; the master of ceremonies called "Bow twice"; all officials present bowed twice. The Left Junior Guardian stepped forward, knelt, and said: "Such-and-such an official, So-and-so, says: On New Year's Day, the year's first fortune (On the winter solstice say "On the winter solstice, when the celestial first day reaches its fullness")› , we humbly pray that Your Highness the Crown Prince may share repose with the times. " He prostrated himself, rose, and returned to position. The master of ceremonies called "Bow twice"; all present bowed twice and divided to stand in order east and west. The Left Junior Guardian stepped forward, knelt, and reported that the rite was finished. Attendants on either side lowered the curtain; the crown prince left his seat; palace officials withdrew; attendants withdrew in order.
28
皇太子與百官相見。 至道元年,有司言:“百官見皇太子,自兩省五品、尚書省御史台四品、諸司三品以上皆答拜,餘悉受拜。 宮官自左右庶子以下,悉用參見之儀。 其宴會位在王公上。”
The crown prince's meeting with the hundred officials. In the first year of Zhidao, the relevant offices reported: "When the hundred officials met the crown prince, officials of fifth rank in the Two Departments, fourth rank in the Department of State Affairs and Censorate, and third rank and above in the various offices all returned bows; all others received bows only. Palace officials from the Left and Right Junior Guardians downward all followed the protocol for attending audience. At banquets his seat ranked above those of princes and dukes.
29
與師、傅、保相見。 《政和新儀》:前一日,所司設師、傅、保以下次與宮門外道,西南向; 設軒架之樂於殿庭,近南,北向。 其日質明,諸衛率各勒所部屯門列仗,典謁設皇太子位於殿東階下西向,設師、傅、保位,於殿西階之西,三少位於傅、保之南稍卻,俱東向北上。 師、傅、保以下俱朝服至宮門,通事舍人引就次,左庶子請內嚴。 通事舍人引師、傅、保立於正殿門之西,三少在其南稍卻,俱東向北上。 左庶子言外備,諸侍奉之官各服其器服,俱詣閣奉迎。 皇太子朝服以出,左右侍衛如常儀,軒架作《翼安之樂》,至東階下西向立,樂止。 通事舍人引師、傅、保及三少入,就位,軒架作《正安之樂》,至位樂止。 皇太子再拜,師、傅、保以下答拜 〈(若三少特見,則三少先拜)〉。 通事舍人引師、傅、保以下出,軒架《正安之樂》作,出門,樂止。 左庶子前跪稱:“左庶子某言,禮畢。 ”皇太子入,左右侍衛及樂作如來儀。
Meeting with the Preceptor, Tutor, and Guardian. New Rites of the Zhenghe Era: On the day before, the relevant offices set the positions of the Preceptor, Tutor, Guardian, and those below outside the palace gate on the road, facing southwest; they set the framed bell-and-stone ensemble in the hall courtyard near the south, facing north. At dawn that day commanders of the various guard units mustered their detachments to garrison the gates and post guard; the master of audiences set the crown prince's position below the hall's eastern steps, facing west; he set the positions of the Preceptor, Tutor, and Guardian west of the western steps; the Three Mentors stood slightly south of the Tutor and Guardian, all facing east and ascending northward. The Preceptor, Tutor, Guardian, and those below all came to the palace gate in court dress; protocol masters led them to their positions; the Left Junior Guardian requested that the inner court be secured. Protocol masters led the Preceptor, Tutor, and Guardian to stand west of the main hall gate; the Three Mentors stood slightly to their south, all facing east and ascending northward. The Left Junior Guardian reported that the outer preparations were complete; each attending official donned his ceremonial regalia and all proceeded to the pavilion to receive the crown prince. The crown prince came forth in court dress with attendants left and right as usual; the framed ensemble performed "Music of Winged Tranquility"; he reached below the eastern steps and stood facing west; the music ceased. Protocol masters led the Preceptor, Tutor, Guardian, and Three Mentors in to take their positions; the framed ensemble performed "Music of Correct Tranquility"; when they reached their positions the music ceased. The crown prince bowed twice; the Preceptor, Tutor, Guardian, and those below returned the bow (If the Three Mentors were received separately, the Three Mentors bowed first)› Protocol masters led the Preceptor, Tutor, Guardian, and those below out; the framed ensemble performed "Music of Correct Tranquility"; when they passed out the gate the music ceased. The Left Junior Guardian advanced, knelt, and reported: "The Left Junior Guardian So-and-so says: The rite is finished. " The crown prince entered; attendants and music followed the same protocol as when he had come forth.