1
儀衛六○鹵簿儀服。
Ceremonial Guards 6: Imperial Escort Ceremonial Regalia.
2
鹵簿儀服。 自漢鹵簿，象最在前。 晉平吳後，南越獻馴象，作大車駕之，以載黃門鼓吹數十人，使越人騎之以試橋梁。 宋鹵簿，以象居先，設木蓮花坐，金蕉盤，紫羅繡幨絡腦，當胸、後鞦並設銅鈴杏葉，紅犛牛尾拂，跋塵。 每象，南越軍一人跨其上，四人引，並花腳襆頭、緋繡窄衣、銀帶。 太宗太平興國六年，兩莊養象所奏，詔以象十於南郊引駕，開寶九年南郊時，其象止在六引前排列。 詔鹵簿使領其事。
Ceremonial regalia of the imperial escort. In the Han imperial escort and thereafter, elephants led the procession. After the Jin dynasty pacified Wu, Southern Yue presented tame elephants. A large carriage was built to harness them, carrying several dozen Yellow Gate musicians, and Yue men were sent to ride the elephants to test bridges. In the Song imperial escort, elephants led the way. Each was fitted with a wooden lotus seat and a golden plantain tray, with purple silk embroidered trappings and head nets, copper bell and apricot-leaf ornaments on the chest and crupper, red yak-tail dusters, and tail dusters. For each elephant, one soldier from the Southern Yue army rode on its back while four men led it. All wore flowered-foot turbans, scarlet embroidered narrow jackets, and silver belts. In the sixth year of Taiping Xingguo, Emperor Taizong received a memorial from the Two Estates Elephant-Rearing Office and ordered ten elephants to lead the imperial carriage at the Southern Suburban Sacrifice. At the Southern Suburban Sacrifice in the ninth year of Kaibao, the elephants were placed only in formation before the Six Guides. An edict directed the Imperial Escort Commissioner to oversee the matter.
3
旗，皆錯采為之，漆竿、钅首、纛頭、錦帶腰、火焰腳。 白澤、攝提、金鸞、金鳳、師子、苣文、天下太平、君王萬歲、仙童、螣蛇、神龜，及在步甲前後隊、後馬隊三隊、六軍儀仗內，並以赤。 日、月及合璧、連珠、風、雨、雷、電、五星、二十八宿、祥雲，並以青。 北斗以黑。 五嶽、四瀆、五方、四神、十二辰、五龍、五鳳、龍虎君，並以方色。 天王以赤、黃二色。 排攔以黃、紫、赤三色。
All flags were made in multi-colored weave, with lacquered poles, metal finials, pennant heads, brocade waist bands, and flame-shaped streamers. The White Ze, Sheti, Golden Luan, Golden Phoenix, Lion, Juwen, All Under Heaven at Peace, May the Sovereign Live Ten Thousand Years, Immortal Boy, Teng Snake, and Divine Tortoise flags, as well as those in the front and rear foot-armor companies, the three rear cavalry companies, and the Six Armies ceremonial guard, were all red. The Sun, Moon, Joined Discs, Linked Pearls, Wind, Rain, Thunder, Lightning, Five Stars, Twenty-eight Lunar Mansions, and Auspicious Clouds flags were all green. The Northern Dipper flag was black. The Five Sacred Mountains, Four Rivers, Five Directions, Four Deities, Twelve Branches, Five Dragons, Five Phoenixes, and Dragon-Tiger Lord flags all used the colors associated with their respective directions. The Heavenly King flag used red and yellow. The barrier flags used yellow, purple, and red.
4
元豐三年，詳定郊廟奉祀禮文所言：“鹵簿，前用二十八宿、五星、攝提旗，有司乃取方士之說，繪為人形，於禮無據。 伏請改製，各著其象，以則天文。 從之。 元祐七年，太常寺言：“二十八宿旗，五星、攝提旗，按《鹵簿圖》畫人形及牛虎頭、婦人、小兒之類，於禮無據。 元豐三年，禮文所上言乞改製，各著其象，以則天文。 後有司循舊儀，未曾改正，今欲改造。 ”從之。
In the third year of Yuanfeng, the office charged with determining suburban and temple sacrificial ritual texts reported: "In the imperial escort, the Twenty-eight Lunar Mansions, Five Stars, and Sheti flags were placed at the front, but the responsible officials had followed Daoist masters and painted them as human figures, which has no basis in ritual." I respectfully request that they be redesigned so that each displays its proper emblem in accordance with the celestial patterns. The request was approved. In the seventh year of Yuanyou, the Court of Imperial Sacrifices reported: "The Twenty-eight Lunar Mansions flags and the Five Stars and Sheti flags, as shown in the Imperial Escort Diagram, were painted as human figures, ox and tiger heads, women, children, and the like, which has no basis in ritual." In the third year of Yuanfeng, the ritual texts office had submitted a request to redesign them so that each would display its proper emblem in accordance with the celestial patterns. Afterward the responsible officials continued to follow the old rites and never made the correction; we now wish to redesign them. The request was approved.
5
元符二年，徽宗即位，兵部侍郎黃裳言：“南郊大駕諸旗名物，除用典故製號外，餘因時事取名。 伏見近者璽授元符，茅山之上日有重輪，太上老君眉間發紅光，武夷君廟有仙鶴，臣請製為旗號，曰寶符，曰重輪，曰祥光，曰瑞鶴。 ”從之。
In the second year of Yuanfu, when Emperor Huizong ascended the throne, Vice Minister of War Huang Shang reported: "Among the flags and named objects of the Southern Suburban grand procession, aside from those established according to classical precedents, the rest were named in response to current events." I have observed that recently the seal was conferred in Yuanfu, the sun on Mount Mao displayed a double halo, red light shone from between the eyebrows of the Supreme Venerable Sovereign, and an immortal crane appeared at the temple of Lord Wuyi. I request that flags be made bearing the names Precious Talisman, Double Halo, Auspicious Radiance, and Auspicious Crane. The request was approved.
6
政和四年，禮製局言：“鹵簿，大黃龍負圖旗畫八卦，乞改畫九、一、三、七、二、四、六、八、五之數。 仙童、網子、大神三旗無所經見，乞除去。 ”從之。 初，大觀三年，西京潁陽縣大慶觀聖祖殿東，有嘉禾、芝草並生。 其嘉禾一本四穗，芝草葉圓而重起。 至是，詔製芝禾並秀旗。 又以是年二月，日上生青、赤、黃戴氣； 後，日下生青、赤、黃承氣，詔製日有戴承旗。 又以元符二年武夷君廟有仙鶴迎詔，政和二年延福宮宴輔臣，有群鶴自西北來，盤旋於睿謨殿上，及奏大晟樂而翔鶴屢至，詔製瑞鶴旗。
In the fourth year of Zhenghe, the Ritual Regulations Bureau reported: "In the imperial escort, the Great Yellow Dragon Bearing the Diagram flag depicted the Eight Trigrams. We request that it be changed to depict the numbers nine, one, three, seven, two, four, six, eight, and five." The Immortal Boy, Net Master, and Great Spirit flags have no precedent in the classics; we request that they be removed. The request was approved. Earlier, in the third year of Daguan, auspicious grain and spirit fungus grew together east of the Hall of the Sacred Ancestor at Daqing Abbey in Yingyang County of the Western Capital. The auspicious grain had one stalk with four ears, and the spirit fungus had round leaves that rose in layered tiers. At this time, an edict ordered the creation of the Spirit Fungus and Auspicious Grain Flourishing Together flag. Also in the second month of that year, green, red, and yellow coronae appeared above the sun; later green, red, and yellow supporting auras appeared below the sun, and an edict ordered the creation of the Sun with Corona and Supporting Aura flag. Also because in the second year of Yuanfu an immortal crane at the temple of Lord Wuyi welcomed an edict, and in the second year of Zhenghe, when ministers were feasted at Yanfu Palace, a flock of cranes came from the northwest and circled above Rui Mo Hall, and flying cranes repeatedly appeared when the Dasheng music was performed, an edict ordered the creation of the Auspicious Crane flag.
7
八年，禮部侍郎張邦昌奏：“太祖時，甘露降於江陵者十日，瑞麥秀於濮陽者六歧，獲金鸚鵡於隴坻，得三玉兔於鄆封，馴象至而五嶺平，瓊管族而白鹿出，皆命製為旗章陳之。 望詔有司取自崇、觀至今，凡中外所上瑞應，悉掇其尤殊者，增製旗物，上以丕承天貺，下以聳動民瞻。 ”從之。
In the eighth year, Vice Minister of Rites Zhang Bangchang memorialized: "In the time of Emperor Taizu, sweet dew fell at Jiangling for ten days, auspicious wheat with six ears appeared at Puyang, a golden parrot was captured on the Long Plateau, three jade rabbits were obtained at Yun Prefecture, tame elephants arrived when the Five Ridges were pacified, and a white deer appeared when the Qiong tribes submitted. All of these were ordered made into flags and displayed." I hope an edict will direct the responsible officials to gather from the Chong and Guan reigns to the present all auspicious responses submitted from within and without the court, select the most extraordinary among them, and add new flags, thereby above greatly receiving Heaven's bounty and below stirring the people's admiration. The request was approved.
8
初，宋製旗物尢盛，中興後惟務簡約，雖參用舊制，然亦不無因革。 其太常，青質夾羅，惟繡日、月、星而無龍，下有網須謂之茀，而竿頭為龍首，銜青結綬，垂青旄緌十二，謂之旒。 蓋幅下無斿，而竿首垂旒，抑又取古者“注旄及羽於竿首”之遺製。 竿用椆木，護以剖竹，膠以髹，飾以藻，玉輅建之。 大旂，黃質九幅，每幅繡升龍一，側幅二，下垂黃絲網緌九，金輅建之。 太赤，朱質七幅，每幅繡鳥隼二，側幅如之，下垂朱絲網緌七，象輅建之。 大白，素質五幅，每幅繡熊一、虎一，側幅如之，下垂淺黃絲網緌五，革輅建之。 大麾，皂質四幅，每幅繡五采龜蛇一，側幅繡龜二，下垂皂絲網緌四，木輅建之。
At first, Song flag regalia was especially elaborate; after the Restoration the court pursued only simplicity. Although old regulations were still partly used, there were nonetheless changes. The Grand Constant flag had a green double-layered gauze field, embroidered only with the sun, moon, and stars and without dragons. Below was a net fringe called the fu, while the pole head was a dragon head holding a green knotted cord from which hung twelve green yak-tail tassels called the liu. Although there were no streamers below the flag panel, tassels hung from the pole head, again adopting the ancient remnant practice of fixing yak tails and feathers at the pole head. The pole was made of zelkova wood, protected with split bamboo, lacquered, and ornamented with wave patterns. It was mounted on the Jade Carriage. The Great Banner had a yellow field of nine panels, each embroidered with one ascending dragon, with two side panels and nine yellow silk net tassels hanging below. It was mounted on the Gold Carriage. The Grand Red had a vermilion field of seven panels, each embroidered with two bird-hawks, with side panels likewise and seven vermilion silk net tassels hanging below. It was mounted on the Elephant Carriage. The Grand White had a plain white field of five panels, each embroidered with one bear and one tiger, with side panels likewise and five pale yellow silk net tassels hanging below. It was mounted on the Leather Carriage. The Great Command Banner had a black field of four panels, each embroidered with one five-colored tortoise and snake, with side panels embroidered with two tortoises and four black silk net tassels hanging below. It was mounted on the Wood Carriage.
9
其黃龍負圖旗，建隆初創為大製。 有架，旗力重，以百九十人維之，今用七十人。 其君王萬歲、天下太平、日月、五星、北斗、招搖、青龍、朱雀、白虎、玄武等十旗，皆以十七人維之。 其祥瑞旗八，紹興二十五年所製也。 是歲，適當郊祀，而太廟生靈芝九莖，贛州進太平瑞木，道州連理木，遂寧府嘉禾，鎮江府瑞瓜，南安軍雙蓮花，嚴州兜率寺、信州玉山芝草，黎州甘露，禮部侍郎王瑉等請繪之華旗，以紀盛美焉。
The Yellow Dragon Bearing the Diagram flag was first created on a large scale at the beginning of Jianlong. It had a frame. The flag was so heavy that it once required one hundred ninety men to support it; now seventy men were used. The ten flags May the Sovereign Live Ten Thousand Years, All Under Heaven at Peace, Sun and Moon, Five Stars, Northern Dipper, Twinkling Brilliance, Azure Dragon, Vermilion Bird, White Tiger, and Dark Warrior were each supported by seventeen men. The eight auspicious omen flags were made in the twenty-fifth year of Shaoxing. That year, when the suburban sacrifice was held, nine stalks of spirit fungus grew in the Imperial Ancestral Temple. Gan Prefecture presented a Peace Auspicious Tree, Dao Prefecture presented joined trees, Suining Prefecture presented auspicious grain, Zhenjiang Prefecture presented an auspicious melon, Nan'an Circuit presented twin lotus flowers, Doushu Temple in Yan Prefecture and Yushan in Xin Prefecture presented spirit fungus, and Lizhou presented sweet dew. Vice Minister of Rites Wang Min and others requested that these be painted on splendid flags to commemorate the glorious omens.
10
五牛旗，依方色，皆小輿上刻木為牛，背插旗。 錯采為牛，旗竿上有小盤，盤衣及輿衣，亦並繡牛形。 輿士各四人，服繡五色牛衣。 自太祖時詔用之。 神宗熙寧七年，太常寺言：“大駕鹵簿羊車，本前代宮中所乘； 五牛旗，蓋古之五時副車也，以木牛載旗，用人輿之，失其本製，宜省去。 ”從之。
The Five Ox flags, in the colors of the five directions, were all wooden oxen carved on small litters with flags inserted on their backs. The oxen were made in multi-colored weave. On the flag pole was a small disk, and both the disk covering and litter covering were also embroidered with ox shapes. Each litter had four bearers who wore embroidered five-colored ox garments. From the time of Emperor Taizu, an edict ordered their use. In the seventh year of Xining, the Court of Imperial Sacrifices reported: "The sheep carriage in the grand imperial escort was originally used within the palace in former dynasties;" the Five Ox flags were probably the ancient five-season secondary carriages. Flags were carried on wooden oxen and borne by men in litters, which departed from the original design and should be removed. The request was approved.
11
牙門旗，古者，天子出建大牙。 今製，赤質，錯采為神人象，中道前後各一門，左右道五門，門二旗，蓋取周製“樹旗表門”及“天子五門”之製。
The Gate Banner: in antiquity, when the Son of Heaven went out he erected the Great Banner. The present design had a red field with multi-colored divine human figures. On the central road there was one gate before and one after, and on the left and right roads five gates each, with two flags per gate, adopting the Zhou practice of planting flags to mark gates and the five gates of the Son of Heaven.
12
駕頭，一名寶床，正衙法坐也。 香木為之，四足彖山，以龍卷之。 坐麵用藤織雲龍，四圍錯采，繪走龍形，微曲。 上加緋羅繡褥，裹以緋羅繡帕。 每車駕出幸，則使老內臣馬上擁之，為前驅焉。 不設，則以朱匣韜之。
The Imperial Headrest, also called the Precious Couch, was the formal seat used in the main audience hall. It was made of fragrant wood, with four legs shaped as mountains and entwined with dragons. The seat surface was woven of rattan with cloud-dragons. The four sides were multi-colored and painted with running dragon forms, slightly curved. Above it was placed a scarlet silk embroidered cushion, wrapped in a scarlet silk embroidered cloth. Whenever the imperial carriage went out on tour, an elderly inner palace eunuch rode ahead on horseback carrying it as a vanguard. When not displayed, it was stored in a vermilion case.
13
幡，本幟也，貌幡幡然。 有告止、傳教、信幡，皆絳帛，錯采為字，上有朱綠小蓋，四角垂羅文佩，係龍頭竿上。 其錯采字下，告止為雙鳳，傳教為雙白虎，信幡為雙龍。 又有絳引幡，製頗同此，作五色間暈，無字，兩角垂佩。 中興為六角蓋，垂珠佩，下有橫木板，作碾玉文。 三幡，亦以錯采篆書“告止”、“傳教”、“信幡”。
The pennant was originally a banner, named for its fluttering appearance. There were Halt, Transmit Edict, and Trust pennants, all of crimson silk with multi-colored characters, with small vermilion and green canopies above and silk-patterned pendants hanging from the four corners, attached to dragon-head poles. Below the multi-colored characters, the Halt pennant bore paired phoenixes, the Transmit Edict pennant bore paired white tigers, and the Trust pennant bore paired dragons. There was also the crimson guide pennant, much the same in design, made with five-colored halos and no characters, with pendants hanging from the two corners. After the Restoration it had a hexagonal canopy and pearl pendants, with a horizontal wooden board below bearing ground-jade patterns. The three pennants also bore in multi-colored seal script the words "Halt," "Transmit Edict," and "Trust Pennant."
14
幢，製如節而五層，韜以袋，繡四神，隨方色，朱漆柄。 取《曲禮》“行前朱雀而後玄武，左青龍而右白虎”之義。 王公所給幢，黑漆柄，紫綾袋。 中興，用生色袋。
The banner-staff was made like a baton but with five layers, sheathed in a bag embroidered with the Four Deities in the colors of their directions, with a vermilion lacquered handle. It adopted the meaning of the Qu Li: "Vermilion Bird in front and Dark Warrior behind, Azure Dragon on the left and White Tiger on the right." The banner-staffs given to princes and dukes had black lacquered handles and purple silk bags. After the Restoration, undyed bags were used.
15
皂纛，本後魏纛頭之製。 唐衛尉器用，纛居其一，蓋旄頭之遺象。 製同旗，無文采，去钅首六腳。 《後志》云：“今製，皂邊皂斿，斿為火焰之形。 ”金吾仗主之，每纛一人持，一人拓之。 乘輿行，則陳於鹵簿，左右各六。
The black standard was originally the pennant-head design of Northern Wei. Among the implements of the Tang Guard Command, the standard was one item; it was probably a remnant form of the yak-tail standard. Its design was like a flag but without decorative patterns, lacking the metal finial and six streamers. The Later Treatise states: "The present design has black borders and black streamers shaped like flames." The Golden Guard Staff Office was in charge. For each standard one man held it and one man spread it. When the imperial carriage traveled, they were arrayed in the escort, six on each side.
16
絳麾，如幢，止三層，紫羅囊蒙之。 王公麾，以紫綾袋。
The crimson command banner was like a banner-staff but with only three layers, covered with a purple silk bag. The command banners of princes and dukes used purple silk bags.
17
黃麾，古有黃、朱、纁三色，所以指麾也。 漢鹵簿有前黃麾護駕御史。 宋製，絳帛為之，如幡，錯采成“黃麾’字，下繡交龍； 朱漆竿，金龍首，上垂朱綠小蓋。 神宗元豐二年，詳定朝會禦殿儀注所言：
The yellow command banner: in antiquity there were yellow, vermilion, and light red colors, used for giving commands. The Han imperial escort included a front yellow command banner with censor escorts. The Song design used crimson silk, like a pennant, with multi-colored characters forming the words "Yellow Command Banner," and interlaced dragons embroidered below; it had a vermilion lacquered pole, a golden dragon head, and a small vermilion and green canopy hanging above. In the second year of Yuanfeng, the office charged with determining court assembly and imperial hall ritual procedures reported:
18
按《周禮》“木輅建大麾，以田”，鄭氏曰：“大麾不在九旗之中。 以正色言之，則黑，夏後氏所建。 ”《禮記》曰：“有虞氏之旂，夏後氏緌。 ”鄭氏曰：“緌，謂注旄牛尾於杠首。 所謂大麾，《書》曰‘王右秉白旄以麾’。 ”孔潁達曰：“虞世但注旄，夏世始加旒縿。 ”《西京雜記》，漢大駕有前黃麾。 崔豹《古今注》：“麾，所以指麾，乘輿以黃，諸公以朱，刺史二千石以纁。 ”《開元禮義纂》曰：“唐太宗法夏後之前製，取中方之正色，故製大麾，色黃。”
According to the Rites of Zhou, "The Wood Carriage mounts the Great Command Banner for hunting." Master Zheng said: "The Great Command Banner is not among the Nine Banners." Speaking in terms of the orthodox color, it is black and was established by the Xia dynasty. The Record of Rites says: "The banner of the Youyu clan, the tassels of the Xia dynasty." Master Zheng said: "Liu means fixing yak tails at the pole head." What is called the Great Command Banner—the Documents says, "The king on the right holds a white yak-tail banner to command." Kong Yingda said: "In the Yu era only yak tails were fixed; in the Xia era tassels and fringe were first added." The Miscellaneous Records of the Western Capital records that the Han grand procession had a front yellow command banner. Cui Bao's Notes Ancient and Modern states: "The command banner is used for giving commands. The imperial carriage uses yellow, feudal lords use vermilion, and prefects and two-thousand-bushel officials use light red." The Compendium of Kaiyuan Ritual Meanings says: "Emperor Taizong of Tang followed the earlier design of the Xia dynasty, taking the orthodox color of the central direction, and therefore made the Great Command Banner yellow."
19
今禮有黃麾，其製十二幅。 《開寶通禮義纂》曰：“黃，中央之色。 此仗最近車輅，故以應象，取其居中，導達四方，含光大也。 ”今鹵簿黃麾，以夏製言之，則狀不類旗； 以漢製言之，則色又不黃。 伏請製大麾一：注麾於竿首，則法夏後氏之製； 其色正黃，則用漢製； 以十二幅為旗，則取唐製； 以一旒為之，則取今龍墀旗之製。 當元會陳仗衛，建大黃麾一於當禦廂之前，以為表識。 其當禦廂之後，則建黃麾幡二。
Present ritual includes the Yellow Command Banner, with a design of twelve panels. The Compendium of Kaibao Universal Ritual Meanings says: "Yellow is the color of the center." This guard staff is nearest the imperial carriage and therefore corresponds to the elephant, taking the center to guide the four directions and spread great light. The present Yellow Command Banner in the imperial escort, speaking in terms of the Xia design, does not resemble a flag in form; speaking in terms of the Han design, its color is again not yellow. I respectfully request that one Great Command Banner be made. Fixing the banner at the pole head would follow the Xia design; making its color true yellow would follow the Han design; making it a flag of twelve panels would follow the Tang design; making it with one tassel would follow the present Dragon Court flag design. When the New Year's assembly displayed guard formations, one Great Yellow Command Banner would be erected before the imperial box as a marker. Behind the imperial box, two Yellow Command Banner pennants would be erected.
20
並上大黃麾、黃麾幡制度。 神宗批曰：“黃麾制度，考詳前誌，終是可疑。 今鑿而為之，植於大庭中外共瞻之地，或為博聞多識者所譏。 宜且闕之，更俟討求，黃麾幡仍舊。”
The regulations for the Great Yellow Command Banner and Yellow Command Banner pennants were submitted together. Emperor Shenzong annotated: "The Yellow Command Banner regulations, though examined in detail against earlier records, remain doubtful." If we now force their creation and plant them in the great hall where all within and without can see, we may be mocked by the learned and knowledgeable. It is best to leave the matter aside for now and await further research. The Yellow Command Banner pennants should remain as before.
21
氅，本緝鳥毛為之。 唐有六色、孔雀、大小鵝毛、雞毛之製。 《後志》云：“今製有青、緋、皂、白、黃五色，上有朱蓋，下垂帶，帶繡禽羽，末綴金鈴。 青則繡以孔雀，五角蓋； 緋則繡以鳳，六角蓋； 皂則繡以鵝，六角蓋； 白亦以鵝，四角蓋； 黃則以雞，四角蓋。 每角綴垂佩，揭以朱竿，上如戟，加橫木龍首以係之。”
The canopy was originally made by stitching bird feathers together. The Tang had designs in six colors, as well as peacock, large and small goose feathers, and chicken feathers. The Later Treatise states: "The present design has five colors—green, scarlet, black, white, and yellow—with a vermilion canopy above, hanging bands below embroidered with bird feathers, and gold bells at the ends." Green was embroidered with peacocks and had a five-cornered canopy; scarlet was embroidered with phoenixes and had a six-cornered canopy; black was embroidered with geese and had a six-cornered canopy; white also used geese and had a four-cornered canopy; yellow used chickens and had a four-cornered canopy. Each corner had hanging pendants. It was raised on a vermilion pole shaped like a halberd at the top, with a crossbar and dragon head added to attach it.
22
金節，隋製也。 黑漆竿，上施圓盤，周綴紅絲拂八層，黃繡龍袋籠之。 王公以下皆有節，製同金節，韜以碧油。
The gold baton was a Sui design. It had a black lacquered pole with a round disk mounted above, eight layers of red silk tassels hung around it, and a yellow embroidered dragon bag enclosing it. Princes, dukes, and those below all had batons of the same design as the gold baton, sheathed in green lacquer.
23
傘，古張帛避雨之製。 今有方傘、大傘，皆赤質，紫表朱裏，四角銅螭首。 六引內者，其製差小。 哲宗元祐七年，太常寺言：《開元禮》大駕八角紫傘，王公已下四角青傘。 今《鹵簿圖》但引紫傘，而無青傘之文。 詔改用。 紹興十三年將郊，詔傘、扇如舊制，拂扇等不以珠飾。
The umbrella was the ancient design of spreading cloth to avoid rain. Now there are square umbrellas and large umbrellas, all with red fields, purple outside and vermilion inside, with copper dragon heads at the four corners. Those within the Six Guides were somewhat smaller in design. In the seventh year of Yuanyou, the Court of Imperial Sacrifices reported: The Kaiyuan Rites prescribe an octagonal purple umbrella for the grand procession and four-cornered green umbrellas for princes, dukes, and those below. The present Imperial Escort Diagram cites only the purple umbrella and has no mention of green umbrellas. An edict ordered the change to be adopted. In the thirteenth year of Shaoxing, when the suburban sacrifice was imminent, an edict ordered umbrellas and fans to follow the old design, and feathered fans and the like were not to use pearl ornamentation.
24
蓋，本黃帝時有雲氣為花蘤之象，因而作也。 宋有花蓋、導蓋，皆赤質，如傘而圓，瀝水繡花龍。 又有曲蓋，差小，惟乘輿用之。 人臣則親王或賜之，而以青繒繡瑞草焉。
The canopy was originally made because in the time of the Yellow Emperor cloud vapor took the form of flower blossoms. The Song had flower canopies and guide canopies, all with red fields, round like umbrellas, with dripping-water patterns and embroidered flower-dragons. There was also the curved canopy, somewhat smaller, used only by the imperial carriage. For officials, only imperial princes might be granted it, embroidered with auspicious grasses on green silk.
25
睥睨，如華蓋而小。
The battlements canopy was like a flower canopy but smaller.
26
扇筤，緋羅繡扇二，緋羅繡曲蓋一，並內臣馬上執之。 駕頭在細仗前，扇筤在乘輿後。 大駕、法駕、鸞駕，常出並用之。 扇圓，徑四尺二寸，柄長八尺三寸，黃茸繡團龍，仍用金塗銅飾。 扇有朱團及雉尾四等。 朱團繡雲鳳或雜花，黑漆柄，金銅飾。 雉尾皆方，繡雉尾之狀，有三等：大雉扇長五尺二寸，闊三尺七寸； 中扇、小扇遞減二寸。 下方上殺，以緋羅繡雉尾之狀，中有雙孔雀雜花，下施黑漆橫木長柄，以金塗銅飾。 乘輿出入，必以前持鄣蔽。 凡朔望朝賀、行冊禮，皇帝升御坐，必合扇，坐定去扇，禮畢駕退，又索扇如初。 蓋謂天子升降俯仰，眾人皆得見之，非肅穆之容，故必合扇以鄣焉。
The fan array consisted of two scarlet silk embroidered fans and one scarlet silk embroidered curved canopy, all carried on horseback by inner palace eunuchs. The Imperial Headrest was placed before the detailed guard, and the fan array behind the imperial carriage. The grand procession, ceremonial procession, and phoenix procession all used them whenever going out. The round fan had a diameter of four feet two inches and a handle eight feet three inches long, with yellow velvet embroidered with a coiled dragon and gold-plated copper ornamentation. Fans included vermilion round fans and four grades of pheasant-tail fans. The vermilion round fans were embroidered with cloud-phoenixes or mixed flowers, with black lacquered handles and gold-copper ornamentation. The pheasant-tail fans were all square and embroidered with pheasant-tail patterns in three grades: the large pheasant-tail fan was five feet two inches long and three feet seven inches wide; the medium and small fans decreased by two inches each in succession. They were wider below and tapered above, embroidered with pheasant-tail patterns on scarlet silk, with paired peacocks and mixed flowers in the center, and a black lacquered crossbar and long handle below, with gold-plated copper ornamentation. When the imperial carriage went in or out, fans were always held in front to screen and shield. Whenever there was a new-moon or full-moon audience or an investiture ceremony, when the emperor ascended the imperial seat the fans were always closed. Once seated the fans were removed, and when the rites ended and the carriage withdrew, the fans were summoned again as before. This was because when the Son of Heaven ascended, descended, bowed, or looked up, all could see him, which was not a solemn bearing. Therefore the fans had to be closed to screen him.
27
罕、罼，象“畢、昴為天階”，故為前引，皆赤質，金銅飾，朱藤結網，金獸麵。 罕方，上有二螭首銜紅絲拂； 罼圓，如扇。
The Han and Bi emblems symbolized "Bi and Mao as the celestial stairway" and therefore served as vanguards. All had red fields, gold-copper ornamentation, vermilion rattan netting, and golden beast faces. The Han was square, with two dragon heads above holding red silk tassels; the Bi was round, like a fan.
28
香鐙，唐製也。 朱漆案，緋繡花龍衣，上設金塗香爐、燭台。 長竿二，輿士八人。 金塗銀火鐐、香匙副之。 大角，黑漆畫龍，紫繡龍袋。
The incense table was a Tang design. It had a vermilion lacquered table with a scarlet embroidered flower-dragon cover, upon which were placed a gold-plated incense burner and candle stands. It had two long poles and eight litter bearers. Gold-plated silver fire tongs and incense spoons accompanied it. The great horn had black lacquer with painted dragons and a purple embroidered dragon bag.
29
長鳴、次鳴、大小橫吹，五色衣幡，緋掌畫交龍。 《樂令》，三品已上，緋掌畫蹲豹。
The long horn, secondary horn, and large and small transverse flutes had five-colored garment pennants with scarlet grips painted with interlaced dragons. According to the Music Regulations, for officials of third rank and above, the scarlet grips were painted with crouching leopards.
30
犦槊。 暴，擊聲也。 一雲象暴牛，善鬥，字從牛。 唐金吾將軍執之。 宋製，如節有袋，上加碧油。 常置朝堂，車駕鹵簿出，則八枚前導； 又四枚夾大將軍者，名衛司暴槊。
The bao spear. Bao means the sound of striking. One explanation says it resembles a fierce ox, good at fighting, and the character derives from "ox." In the Tang the Golden Guard generals carried it. The Song design was like a baton with a bag, coated above with green lacquer. They were regularly placed in the audience hall. When the imperial carriage escort went out, eight served as vanguard; and four more flanked the great general, called the Guard Office Bao Spears.
31
槊，長矛也。 木刃，黑質，畫雲氣。 又有細槊，製同而差小。
The shuo was a long spear. It had a wooden blade, black field, and painted cloud vapor. There was also a fine spear of the same design but somewhat smaller.
32
戟，有枝兵也。 木為刃，赤質，畫雲氣，上垂交龍掌、五色帶，帶末綴銅鈴。 又鈒戟，無掌，而有小橫木； 鈒，插也，製本插車旁。 又小戟與鈒戟同。
The halberd was a weapon with branches. Its blade was of wood, with a red field and painted cloud vapor. Above hung an interlaced dragon grip and five-colored bands, with copper bells at the band ends. There was also the inserted halberd, without a grip but with a small crossbar; Sa means to insert; the design originally inserted it at the side of a carriage. The small halberd was the same as the inserted halberd.
33
殳、叉，戟之類。 殳，無刃而短，黑飾兩末。 叉，青飾兩末，並中白，畫雲氣，各綴朱絲拂。 槍，槊也。 唐羽林所執，製同槊而鐵刃，上綴朱絲拂。
The shu and cha were types of halberd. The shu had no blade and was short, with black ornamentation at both ends. The cha had green ornamentation at both ends, white in the middle, painted cloud vapor, and each had vermilion silk tassels attached. The spear was a shuo. Carried by the Tang Forest Guard, its design was like the shuo but with an iron blade, with vermilion silk tassels attached above.
34
儀鍠，鉞屬也，秦、漢有之。 唐用為儀仗，刻木如斧，塗以青，柄以黃，上綴小錦幡、五色帶。
The ceremonial axe belonged to the category of battle-axes and existed in the Qin and Han. The Tang used it as ceremonial regalia, carving wood in the shape of an axe, painted green, with a yellow handle, and small brocade pennants and five-colored bands attached above.
35
班劍，本漢朝服帶劍。 晉以木代之，亦曰“象劍”，取裝飾斑斕之義。 鞘以黃質，紫斑文，金銅飾，紫絲絛分錔。
The patterned sword was originally the Han court sword worn at the belt. The Jin replaced it with wood, also called the "elephant sword," taking the meaning of ornate decoration. The scabbard had a yellow field with purple mottled patterns, gold-copper ornamentation, and purple silk cords with clasps.
36
禦刀，晉、宋以來有之。 黑鞘，金花銀飾，靶軛，紫絲絛分錔。 又儀刀，製同此，悉以銀飾，王公亦給之。
The imperial sword had existed since the Jin and Song. It had a black scabbard, gold-flower silver ornamentation, guard and pommel, and purple silk cords with clasps. There was also the ceremonial sword, of the same design, all with silver ornamentation, also granted to princes and dukes.
37
刀盾。 刀，本容刀也； 盾，旁排也。 一人分持。 刀以木為之，無鞘，有環，紫絲絛分錔。 盾，赤質，畫異獸。 又朱藤絡盾，製悉同，唯綠藤綠質，皆持執之。
Sword and shield. The sword was originally a dress sword; the shield was a side defense. One man held both. The sword was made of wood, without a scabbard, with a ring, and purple silk cords with clasps. The shield had a red field painted with exotic beasts. There was also the vermilion rattan net shield, the same in design except with green rattan and green field. All were carried and held.
38
幰弩，漢京尹、司隸前驅，持弓以射窺者。 宋製，每弩加箭二，有義，畫雲氣，仗內弩皆同。 弓箭，每弓加箭二，有義，同幰弩。 車輻，棒也，形如車輪輻。 宋製，朱漆八棱白幹。
The screened crossbow: in the Han the metropolitan governor and director of retainers led the way, holding bows to shoot at onlookers. The Song design added two arrows to each crossbow, with a quiver mount, painted cloud vapor. All crossbows within the guard were the same. Bows and arrows: each bow had two arrows added, with a quiver mount, the same as the screened crossbow. The wheel-spoke club was a club shaped like the spokes of a carriage wheel. The Song design used vermilion lacquer with eight facets and a white shaft.
39
柯舒，黑漆棒也，製同車輻，以金銅釘飾。 鐙杖，黑漆弩柄也。 以金銅為鐙及飾，其末紫絲絛係之。
The ke club was a black lacquered club of the same design as the wheel-spoke club, ornamented with gold-copper nail studs. The stirrup staff was a black lacquered crossbow stock. Gold-copper was used for the stirrup and ornamentation, with purple silk cords attached at the end.
40
鳴鞭，唐及五代有之。 《周官》條狼氏執鞭趨辟之遺法也。 內侍二人執之，鞭鞘用紅絲而漬以蠟。 行幸，則前騎而鳴之，大祀禮畢還宮，亦用焉； 視朝、宴會，則用於殿庭。
The sounding whip existed in the Tang and Five Dynasties. It preserved the remnant practice of the Tiao Lang clan in the Offices of Zhou, who carried whips to drive people aside. Two inner palace eunuchs carried it. The whip sheath was of red silk soaked in wax. On imperial tours they rode ahead and sounded it. After great sacrifices when returning to the palace, it was also used; For court audiences and banquets, it was used in the palace courtyard.
41
誕馬，散馬也。 加金塗銀鬧裝鞍勒。 乘輿以紅繡韉，六鞘，王公以下用紫繡及剜花韉。 哲宗元祐七年，太常寺言：“誕馬，按《鹵簿圖》曰：舊並施鞍韉。 景祐五年去之。 昨納後，誕馬猶施鞍韉，今欲乞除去，仍依《鹵簿圖》。 用纓、轡、緋屜。”
The ceremonial horse was an unhitched horse. It was fitted with gold-plated silver decorated saddle and bridle. The imperial carriage used red embroidered saddle cloth with six sheaths. Princes, dukes, and those below used purple embroidery and cut-flower saddle cloth. In the seventh year of Yuanyou, the Court of Imperial Sacrifices reported: "For ceremonial horses, according to the Imperial Escort Diagram, saddle cloth was formerly also applied." In the fifth year of Jingyou it was removed. After the recent suburban sacrifice, ceremonial horses still had saddle cloth applied. We now request its removal and compliance with the Imperial Escort Diagram. Use tassels, reins, and scarlet overshoes.
42
禦馬鞍勒之製，有金、玉、水晶、金塗四等鬧裝，占鞢促結為坐龍，碾鈒鏤塵沙麵、平麵、窪麵、方團、寸節、卷荷校具，皆垂六鞘，金銀裹鞍橋、銜鐙，朱黃絲絛轡鞦，緋黃織繡或素園韉，衤蓋補用金銀線織或緋黃絁，鞭用紫竹，紅黃絲鞘，纓以紅、黃犛牛尾，金為鈌。 每日，馬五匹供奉，鞍用玉及金塗，衤蓋補皆素。 行幸則十四匹，加真金、水晶之飾。 太宗至道二年詔：“先是，禦馬以織成帕覆鞍勒，今後以廣絹代之。”
Imperial horse saddles and bridles had four grades of decorated fittings—gold, jade, crystal, and gold-plated—with stirrups bound in coiled seated-dragon patterns. Fittings were chased and engraved in dust-sand, flat, concave, square-round, inch-knot, and curled-lotus styles, all with six sheaths hanging down. Saddle arches, bits, and stirrups were wrapped in gold and silver; reins and cruppers were of vermilion and yellow silk cord; saddle cloth was scarlet and yellow woven or plain round cloth; covers and patches were woven with gold and silver thread or scarlet and yellow silk; whips were of purple bamboo with red and yellow silk sheaths; tassels were of red and yellow yak tails; and clasps were of gold. Daily, five horses were on duty. Their saddles used jade and gold plating, and saddle covers and patches were all plain. On imperial tours there were fourteen horses, with added true gold and crystal ornamentation. In the second year of Zhidao, Emperor Taizong issued an edict: "Previously, imperial horses used woven silk cloth to cover saddles and bridles. Hereafter broad silk is to be used instead."
43
馬珂之製，銅麵，雕翎鼻拂，攀胸，上綴銅杏葉、紅絲拂。 又胸前及腹下，皆有攀，綴銅鈴； 後有跋塵、錦包尾。 獨鹵簿中金吾衛將軍導駕者，皆有之。
Horse ornaments had a copper face, carved-feather nose duster, and chest strap, with copper apricot-leaf ornaments and red silk tassels attached above. On the chest and below the belly as well, there were straps with copper bells attached; behind were tail dusters and brocade-wrapped tails. Only the Golden Guard generals leading the imperial carriage in the escort all had them.
44
甲騎具裝，甲，人鎧也； 具裝，馬鎧也。 甲以布為裏，黃絁表之，青綠畫為甲文，紅錦褖，青絁為下裙，絳韋為絡，金銅鈌，長短至膝。 前膺為人麵二，自背連膺，纏以錦螣蛇。 具裝，如常馬甲，加珂拂於前膺及後鞦。
Armored cavalry with full equipment: armor was human armor; full equipment was horse armor. The armor used cloth as lining and yellow silk as the outer layer, with green painted armor patterns, red brocade borders, green silk lower skirts, dark red leather netting, gold-copper clasps, and length reaching the knee. The front breast had two human faces, connected from back to breast and wrapped with brocade teng snakes. Full equipment was like ordinary horse armor, with ornaments and dusters added to the front breast and rear crupper.
45
球杖，金塗銀裹，以供奉官騎執之，分左右前導。 大禮，用百人，花腳襆頭、紫繡衤癸袍襖。 常出，三十人，公服，皆騎導。
The ball mace was gold-plated and silver-wrapped, carried on horseback by palace attendants who led left and right in front. For great rites, one hundred men were used, wearing flowered-foot turbans and purple embroidered kui robes and jackets. For ordinary outings, thirty men in official dress all rode as guides.
46
雞竿，附竿為雞形，金飾，首銜絳幡，承以彩盤，維以絳索，揭以長竿。 募衛士先登，爭得雞者，官給以纈襖子； 或取絳幡而已。 大禮畢，麗正門肆赦則設之。 其義則雞為巽神，巽主號令，故宣號令則象之。 陽用事則雞鳴，故布宣陽澤則象之。 一曰“天雞星動為有赦”，故王者以天雞為度。 金雞事，六朝已有之，或謂起於西京。 南渡後，則自紹興十三年始也。
The golden rooster pole had a rooster shape attached to the pole with gold ornamentation. Its head held a crimson pennant, supported on a colored tray, bound with crimson cord, and raised on a long pole. Recruited guards raced to climb first. Whoever won the rooster was given a variegated jacket by the court; or they took only the crimson pennant. When great rites ended and amnesty was proclaimed at Lizheng Gate, it was set up. The meaning was that the rooster is the deity of Xun, and Xun governs commands. Therefore proclaiming commands was symbolized by it. When yang holds sway the rooster crows. Therefore spreading yang bounty was symbolized by it. One explanation says "when the Heavenly Rooster star moves there is amnesty." Therefore sovereigns took the heavenly rooster as their measure. The golden rooster ceremony already existed in the Six Dynasties, or some say it began in the Western Capital. After the southward crossing, it began only in the thirteenth year of Shaoxing.
47
大駕鹵簿巾服之製：金吾上將軍、將軍、六統軍、千牛、中郎將，服花腳襆頭、抹額、紫繡袍，佩牙刀，珂馬。 諸衛大將軍、將軍、中郎將、折衝、果毅、散手翊衛，服平巾幘、紫繡袍、大口袴、錦螣蛇、銀帶，佩橫刀，執弓箭。 千牛將軍，服平巾幘、紫繡袍、大口袴、銀帶、靴靿，佩橫刀，執弓箭，珂馬。 千牛，服花腳襆頭、緋繡袍、抹額、大口袴、銀帶、靴靿。 前馬隊內折衝及執槊者，服錦帽、緋繡袍、銀帶。 監門校尉、六軍押仗，服襆頭、紫繡裲襠。 隊正，服平巾幘、緋繡袍、大口袴。 諸衛主率都尉，引駕騎，持鈒隊內校尉、旅帥，執衛司殳仗暴槊，金吾十六騎，班劍、儀刀隊，親勳翊衛，執大角人，並服平巾幘、緋繡裲襠、大口袴，佩橫刀，執弓箭。 金吾押牙，服金鵝帽、紫繡袍、銀帶，儀刀。 金吾持纛者，服烏紗帽、皂衣、袴、鞋襪。 金吾押纛，服襆頭、皂繡衫、大口袴、銀帶、烏皮靴。 執金吾暴槊，服錦袍帽、臂鞲、銀帶、烏皮靴。
Regulations for headgear and dress in the grand imperial escort: Golden Guard senior generals, generals, the six army commanders, Thousand-Ox guards, and commandants of the palace guards wore flowered-foot turbans, forehead bands, and purple embroidered robes, carried court swords, and rode ornamented horses. Generals, commandants, assault-resolute officers, and scattered-hand guards of the various guards wore plain cloth caps, purple embroidered robes, wide trousers, brocade teng snakes, and silver belts, carried horizontal swords, and held bows and arrows. Thousand-Ox generals wore plain cloth caps, purple embroidered robes, wide trousers, silver belts, and boot tops, carried horizontal swords, held bows and arrows, and rode ornamented horses. Thousand-Ox guards wore flowered-foot turbans, scarlet embroidered robes, forehead bands, wide trousers, silver belts, and boot tops. Assault-resolute officers and spear-bearers within the front cavalry company wore brocade caps, scarlet embroidered robes, and silver belts. Gate guard captains and Six Armies guard officers wore turbans and purple embroidered doublets. Squad leaders wore plain cloth caps, scarlet embroidered robes, and wide trousers. Commanders of the various guards, leading-cavalry escorts, captains and brigade chiefs within the inserted company, Guard Office shu-staff and bao-spear bearers, sixteen Golden Guard cavalry, patterned-sword and ceremonial-sword companies, personal guard attendants, and great-horn bearers all wore plain cloth caps, scarlet embroidered doublets, and wide trousers, carried horizontal swords, and held bows and arrows. Golden Guard deputy commanders wore golden goose caps, purple embroidered robes, silver belts, and ceremonial swords. Golden Guard standard bearers wore black gauze caps, black robes, trousers, shoes, and socks. Golden Guard standard escorts wore turbans, black embroidered shirts, wide trousers, silver belts, and black leather boots. Golden Guard bao-spear bearers wore brocade robes and caps, arm guards, silver belts, and black leather boots.
48
清遊隊、佽飛、執副仗槊，服甲騎具裝、錦臂韝，佩橫刀，執弓箭，白袴。 朱雀隊執旗及執牙門旗，執絳引幡、黃麾幡者，並服緋繡衫、抹額、大口袴、銀帶。 執殳仗，前後步隊、真武隊執旗，前後部黃麾，執日月合璧等旗，青龍白虎隊、金吾細仗內執旗者，並服五色繡袍、抹額、行縢、銀帶； 執白幹棒人，加銀褐捍腰。 執龍旗及前馬隊內執旗人，服五色繡袍、銀帶、行縢、大口袴。 執弓箭、執龍旗副竿人，服錦帽、五色繡袍、大口袴、銀帶。 執弩、弓箭人，服錦帽、青繡袍、銀帶。 前後步隊人，服五色鍪甲、錦臂鞲、鞵襪、袴、銀帶。 朱雀隊內執弓箭、弩、槊，虞候佽飛，執長壽幢、寶輿法物人，並服平巾幘、緋繡袍、大口袴、銀帶。 援寶，執絳麾、真武幢叉人，並服武弁、紫繡衫。 持鈒隊，殿中黃麾、傘、扇、腰輿、香鐙、華蓋，指南、進賢等車駕士，相風、鍾漏等輿輿士，並服武弁、緋繡衫。 駕羊車童子，服垂耳髻、青頭{須巾}、青繡大袖衫、袴、勒帛、青耳履。 執引駕龍墀旗、六軍旗者，服錦帽、五色繡衫、錦臂鞲、銀帶。 引夾旗及執柯舒、鐙仗者，服帖金帽，餘同上。 執花鳳、飛黃、吉利旗者，服銀褐繡衣、抹額、銀帶。 夾轂隊，服五色質鍪鎧、錦臂鞲、白行縢、紫帶、鞵襪。 驍衛翊衛三隊，服平巾幘、緋繡袍、大口袴、錦螣蛇。 五輅、副輅、耕根車駕士，服平巾幘、青繡衫、青履襪。 教馬官，服襆頭、紅繡抹額、紫繡衫、白袴、銀帶。 掌輦、主輦，服武弁、黃繡衫、紫繡誕帶。 攏禦馬者，服帖金帽、紫繡大袖衫、銀帶。 執真武幢者，服武弁、皂繡衫、紫繡誕帶。 五牛旗輿士，服武弁、五色繡衫、大口袴，銀帶。 掩後隊，服黑鍪甲、錦臂鞲、行縢。
Clear Procession company, flying guards, and auxiliary guard spear bearers wore armored cavalry with full equipment, brocade arm guards, horizontal swords, bows and arrows, and white trousers. Vermilion Bird company flag bearers, gate banner bearers, crimson guide pennant bearers, and yellow command banner pennant bearers all wore scarlet embroidered shirts, forehead bands, wide trousers, and silver belts. Shu-staff bearers, front and rear foot companies, True Martial company flag bearers, front and rear yellow command banners, Sun-Moon Joined Discs flag bearers, Azure Dragon and White Tiger companies, and flag bearers within the Golden Guard detailed guard all wore five-colored embroidered robes, forehead bands, leg bindings, and silver belts; white-shaft club bearers added silver-brown waist guards. Dragon flag bearers and flag bearers within the front cavalry company wore five-colored embroidered robes, silver belts, leg bindings, and wide trousers. Bow and arrow bearers and dragon flag secondary pole bearers wore brocade caps, five-colored embroidered robes, wide trousers, and silver belts. Crossbow and bow bearers wore brocade caps, green embroidered robes, and silver belts. Front and rear foot company men wore five-colored helmet armor, brocade arm guards, shoes, socks, trousers, and silver belts. Within the Vermilion Bird company, bow, crossbow, and spear bearers, flying guards on patrol, and bearers of the Longevity banner-staff and precious carriage ritual objects all wore plain cloth caps, scarlet embroidered robes, wide trousers, and silver belts. Those supporting the precious regalia, and bearers of crimson command banners and True Martial banner-staff forks, all wore military caps and purple embroidered shirts. Inserted company, palace yellow command banners, umbrellas, fans, waist litters, incense tables, flower canopies, compass and Advance Worthy carriage attendants, and wind-measuring and clock-water carriage attendants all wore military caps and scarlet embroidered shirts. Sheep-carriage attendants wore hanging-ear topknots, green headcloths, green embroidered large-sleeve shirts, trousers, waist sashes, and green ear-shoes. Bearers of the leading Dragon Court flags and Six Armies flags wore brocade caps, five-colored embroidered shirts, brocade arm guards, and silver belts. Flanking flag bearers and ke-club and stirrup-staff bearers wore gold-inlaid caps. The rest was the same as above. Bearers of the Flower Phoenix, Flying Yellow, and Auspicious flags wore silver-brown embroidered garments, forehead bands, and silver belts. The wheel-guarding company wore five-colored plain helmet armor, brocade arm guards, white leg bindings, purple belts, and shoes and socks. Three companies of Brave Guard attendants wore plain cloth caps, scarlet embroidered robes, wide trousers, and brocade teng snakes. Attendants of the Five Carriages, secondary carriages, and Plough-Root carriage wore plain cloth caps, green embroidered shirts, and green shoes and socks. Horse-training officials wore turbans, red embroidered forehead bands, purple embroidered shirts, white trousers, and silver belts. Palanquin handlers and chief palanquin handlers wore military caps, yellow embroidered shirts, and purple embroidered ceremonial sashes. Imperial horse handlers wore gold-inlaid caps, purple embroidered large-sleeve shirts, and silver belts. True Martial banner-staff bearers wore military caps, black embroidered shirts, and purple embroidered ceremonial sashes. Five Ox flag litter bearers wore military caps, five-colored embroidered shirts, wide trousers, and silver belts. The rear-cover company wore black helmet armor, brocade arm guards, and leg bindings.
49
鼓吹令、丞，服綠袴褶冠、銀褐裙、金銅革帶、緋白大帶、履襪。 太常寺府史、典事、司天令史，服襆頭、綠衫、黃半臂。 太常主帥鼓、金鉦、節鼓人，服平巾幘、緋繡袍、大口袴，抹帶、錦螣蛇； 歌、拱宸管、簫、笳、笛、觱栗，無螣蛇。 太常大鼓、長鳴、小鼓、中鳴，服黃雷花袍、袴、抹額、抹帶。 太常鐃、大橫吹，服緋苣文袍、袴、抹額、抹帶。 太常羽葆鼓、小橫吹，服青苣文袍、袴、抹額、抹帶。 排列官、令史、府史，服黑介幘、緋衫、白袴、白勒帛。 司辰、典事、漏刻生，服青袴褶冠、革帶。 殿中少監、奉禦、供奉、排列官，引駕仗內排列承直官、大將、金吾引駕、押仗、押旗，服襆頭、紫公服、烏皮靴。 尚輦奉禦、直長、乘黃令丞、千牛長史、進馬四色官，服襆頭、綠公服、白袴、金銅帶、烏皮靴。 殿中職掌執傘扇人，服襆頭、碧襴、金銅帶、烏皮靴。 〈（舊衣黃，太平興國六年，並內侍省並改服以碧。）〉
Directors and deputy directors of the music office wore green jacket-and-trousers caps, silver-brown skirts, gold-copper leather belts, scarlet and white great belts, and shoes and socks. Court of Imperial Sacrifices clerks, ritual attendants, and astronomy clerks wore turbans, green shirts, and yellow half-sleeves. Court of Imperial Sacrifices chiefs of frame drums, gongs, and rhythm drums wore plain cloth caps, scarlet embroidered robes, wide trousers, forehead sashes, and brocade teng snakes; Singers and players of Gongchen pipes, xiao, jia, di, and bili had no teng snakes. Court of Imperial Sacrifices great drums, long horns, small drums, and middle horns wore yellow thunder-flower robes, trousers, forehead bands, and forehead sashes. Court of Imperial Sacrifices nao and great transverse flutes wore scarlet juwen robes, trousers, forehead bands, and forehead sashes. Court of Imperial Sacrifices feather-canopy drums and small transverse flutes wore green juwen robes, trousers, forehead bands, and forehead sashes. Formation officers, clerks, and record keepers wore black kerchiefs, scarlet shirts, white trousers, and white waist sashes. Timekeepers, ritual attendants, and clepsydra students wore green jacket-and-trousers caps and leather belts. Vice directors of the palace service, attendants, palace attendants, formation officers, leading escort formation officers, great generals, Golden Guard leading escorts, guard officers, and flag officers wore turbans, purple official dress, and black leather boots. Palanquin attendants, chief attendants, Carriage Yellow office directors, Thousand-Ox chief clerks, and four-color horse-presenting officials wore turbans, green official dress, white trousers, gold-copper belts, and black leather boots. Palace attendants in charge of umbrellas and fans wore turbans, jade-green damask, gold-copper belts, and black leather boots. (Formerly they wore yellow robes; in the sixth year of Taiping Xingguo, the Inner Palace Service collectively changed to jade-green dress.)
50
凡繡文：金吾衛以辟邪，左右衛以瑞馬，驍衛以雕虎，屯衛以赤豹，武衛以瑞鷹，領軍衛以白澤，監門衛以師子，千牛衛以犀牛，六軍以孔雀，樂工以鸞，耕根車駕士以鳳銜嘉禾，進賢車以瑞麟，明遠車以對鳳，羊車以瑞羊，指南車以孔雀，記裏鼓、黃鉞車以對鵝，白鷺車以翔鷺，鸞旗車以瑞鸞，崇德車以辟邪，皮軒車以虎，屬車以雲鶴，豹尾車以立豹，相風烏輿以烏，五牛旗以五色牛，餘皆以寶相花。
Embroidery patterns in general: the Golden Guard used ward-off evil; the Left and Right Guards used auspicious horses; the Brave Guard used carved tigers; the Garrison Guard used red leopards; the Martial Guard used auspicious eagles; the Army-leading Guard used White Ze; the Gate Guard used lions; the Thousand-Ox Guard used rhinoceroses; the Six Armies used peacocks; musicians used luan; Plough-Root carriage attendants used phoenixes holding auspicious grain; the Advance Worthy carriage used auspicious qilin; the Bright Distance carriage used paired phoenixes; the sheep carriage used auspicious sheep; the compass carriage used peacocks; the mile-counting drum and yellow battle-axe carriages used paired geese; the white egret carriage used flying egrets; the luan banner carriage used auspicious luan; the Honoring Virtue carriage used ward-off evil; the leather-canopied carriage used tigers; attendant carriages used cloud cranes; the leopard-tail carriage used standing leopards; the wind-measuring bird carriage used birds; the Five Ox flags used five-colored oxen; and all others used treasure-flower patterns.
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六引內巾服之製：清道官，服武弁、緋繡衫、革帶。 持幰弩、車輻棒者，服平巾赤幘、緋繡衫、赤袴、銀帶。 青衣，服平巾青幘、青袴褶。 持戟、傘、扇、刀盾者，服黃繡衫、抹額、行縢、銀帶。 持幡蓋者，服繡衫、抹額、大口袴、銀帶。 內告止幡、曲蓋以緋，傳教幡、信幡、絳引幡以黃。 執誕馬轡、儀刀、麾、幢、節、夾槊、大角者，服平巾幘、緋繡衫、大口袴、銀帶。 大駕鹵簿內，執轡，並錦絡衫帽。 持弓箭、槊者，服武弁、緋繡衫、白袴。 駕士，服錦帽、繡戎服大袍、銀帶。 弓箭以青，槊以紫。 持鼓者，服平巾幘、緋繡對鳳袍、大口袴、白抹帶、銀螣蛇。 鐃吹部內，服平巾幘、緋繡袍、白抹帶、白袴，餘悉同大駕前後部。
Regulations for headgear and dress within the Six Guides: Clear Path officials wore military caps, scarlet embroidered shirts, and leather belts. Bearers of screened crossbows and wheel-spoke clubs wore plain caps with scarlet kerchiefs, scarlet embroidered shirts, scarlet trousers, and silver belts. Blue-robed attendants wore plain caps with green kerchiefs and green jacket-and-trousers. Bearers of halberds, umbrellas, fans, and sword-shields wore yellow embroidered shirts, forehead bands, leg bindings, and silver belts. Bearers of pennants and canopies wore embroidered shirts, forehead bands, wide trousers, and silver belts. Within, Halt pennants and curved canopies used scarlet. Transmit Edict pennants, Trust pennants, and crimson guide pennants used yellow. Those who carried ceremonial horse reins, ceremonial swords, command banners, banner-staffs, batons, flanking spears, and great horns wore plain cloth caps, scarlet embroidered shirts, wide trousers, and silver belts. Within the grand imperial escort, all who held reins wore brocade-net shirts and caps. Those who carried bows, arrows, and spears wore military caps, scarlet embroidered shirts, and white trousers. Carriage attendants wore brocade caps, embroidered military-style great robes, and silver belts. Bows and arrows were green; spears were purple. Those who carried frame drums wore plain cloth caps, scarlet embroidered paired-phoenix robes, wide trousers, white forehead sashes, and silver teng snakes. Within the nao and wind-instrument section, they wore plain cloth caps, scarlet embroidered robes, white forehead sashes, and white trousers. The rest was the same as the front and rear sections of the grand procession.
52
其繡衣文：清道以雲鶴，幰弩以辟邪，車輻以白澤，駕士司徒以瑞馬，牧以隼，御史大夫以獬豸，兵部尚書以虎，太常卿以鳳，縣令以雉，樂工以鸞，餘悉以寶相花。
Their embroidered garment patterns were as follows: Clear Path used cloud cranes; screened crossbows used ward-off evil; wheel-spoke clubs used White Ze; carriage attendants and the Minister of Education used auspicious horses; the Minister of Pasturage used hawks; the Censor-in-Chief used xiezhi; the Minister of War used tigers; the Minister of Rites used phoenixes; county magistrates used pheasants; musicians used luan; and all others used treasure-flower patterns.
53
太祖建隆四年，範質議：按《開元禮》，武官陪立大仗，加螣蛇裲襠，如袖無身，以覆其膊胳，蓋掖下縫也。 從肩領覆臂膊，共一尺二寸。 又按《釋文》、《玉篇》相傳云：其一當胸，其一當背，謂之“兩當”。 今詳裲襠之製，其領連所覆膊胳，其一當左膊，其一當右膊，故謂之“起膊”。 今請兼存兩說擇而用之，造裲襠，用當胸、當背之製。 宣和元年，禮製局言：鼓吹令、丞冠，又名“袴褶冠。 ”今鹵簿既除袴褶，冠名不當仍舊，請依舊記如《三禮圖》“委貌冠”製。 從之。
In the fourth year of Jianlong, Fan Zhi proposed: According to the Kaiyuan Rites, when military officers stood attendance at the great guard formation, they added teng-snake doublets like sleeves without a body to cover the upper arms, sewn under the armpit. From the shoulder and collar it covered the upper arms, totaling one foot two inches in length. Also according to the Exegesis and Jade Chapters, tradition says that one piece covered the chest and one covered the back, called the "double cover." Examining the present design of the doublet, its collar connected to the covering of the upper arms. One piece covered the left arm and one covered the right arm, and therefore it was called "raised-arm." We now request that both explanations be preserved and one chosen for use in making doublets, adopting the chest-cover and back-cover design. In the first year of Xuanhe, the Ritual Regulations Bureau reported: The cap of the director and deputy director of the music office was also called the "jacket-and-trousers cap." Since the imperial escort has now removed jacket-and-trousers dress, the cap name should not remain as before. We request following the old records, such as the "Wei Mao cap" design in the Illustrations of the Three Rites. The request was approved.