1
馬令琮
Ma Lingcong
2
馬令琮，本名令威，避周祖名改之，大名人。 父全節，《五代史》有傳。 全節歷橫海、定遠、昭義、彰德、定武、天雄六節度，皆署令琮為牙校，累授彰德牙內都指揮使、檢校尚書左僕射，領勤州刺史。 令琮少善騎射，嘗從其父平安州及與鎮州安重榮戰，皆有功，由是知名。 晉開運二年，全節卒，令琮起復，拜隰州刺史。 漢祖開國，為西京巡檢使。 周祖受命，改陳州刺史。 征兗州，為京城四門外巡檢。 世宗嗣位，移隨州。 顯德二年，入為虎捷左第一軍都指揮使。 六年，兼領建州刺史。
Ma Lingcong, whose original name was Lingwei, changed it to avoid the taboo on the Zhou founder's name; he was a native of Daming. His father Quanjie is the subject of a biography in the History of the Five Dynasties. Quanjie served in turn as military governor of Henghai, Dingyuan, Zhaoyi, Zhangde, Dingwu, and Tianxiong, and in each post appointed Lingcong to his personal staff. Lingcong rose to become inner yamen commander-in-chief at Zhangde, acting Minister of the Left, and concurrently prefect of Qinzhou. From youth Lingcong was skilled in horsemanship and archery. He accompanied his father in the pacification of Pingzhou and in the campaign against An Chongrong of Zhenzhou, earning merit in both, and thus won a reputation. In the second year of the Kaiyun era of Later Jin (945), Quanjie died. Lingcong left mourning to take office and was appointed prefect of Xizhou. When the founder of Later Han established his dynasty, Lingcong was made inspection commissioner of the Western Capital. After the Zhou founder took the throne, Lingcong was transferred to be prefect of Chenzhou. During the campaign against Yanzhou, he served as inspector outside the four gates of the capital. When Emperor Shizong of Later Zhou succeeded to the throne, Lingcong was transferred to Suizhou. In the second year of the Xiande era (955), he was recalled to the capital as commander-in-chief of the Tiger Swift Left First Army. In the sixth year of Xiande, he was also made prefect of Jianzhou.
3
太祖即位，出刺懷州。 李筠叛，將親征，召三司張美餉兵食，美言河內密邇上黨，令琮日夜儲蓄以俟王師。 太祖善之，命授團練使。 執政言令琮方供億大軍，不可移他郡，故升懷州為團練，以令琮充使，又充先鋒都指揮使。 澤、潞平，為昭義兵馬鈐轄。 逾年被疾，詔許歸郡。 乾德元年，卒，年三十九。 太祖甚憐之，錄其子延恩為殿直。
When Emperor Taizu of Song took the throne, Lingcong was sent out as prefect of Huaizhou. When Li Jing rebelled and the emperor prepared to lead the campaign in person, he summoned Zhang Mei of the Three Bureaus to provision the troops. Mei urged that Henei lay close to Shangdang and that Lingcong should stock supplies day and night against the arrival of the imperial army. The emperor approved and ordered that Lingcong be made regimental training commissioner. The chief ministers argued that Lingcong was then provisioning the main army and could not be transferred elsewhere; Huaizhou was therefore elevated to a regimental training prefecture with Lingcong as commissioner, and he was also appointed vanguard commander-in-chief. After Ze and Lu were pacified, he was made military superintendent of Zhaoyi. A year later he fell ill, and the court permitted him to return to his prefecture. In the first year of Qiande (963), he died at the age of thirty-nine. The emperor was deeply moved and enrolled his son Yan'en as a palace attendant.
4
杜漢徽
Du Hanhui
5
杜漢徽，京兆長安人。 父阿孫，為太原威勝軍使。 漢徽有膂力，善騎射，年十七，仕後唐武皇為廳直隊長。 天成中，累遷護聖軍使。 晉天福六年，與慕容鄴等討安州李金全，生禽指揮使孫厚，以功遷興順指揮使。 八年，從征鎮州安重榮，改護聖指揮使，贈阿孫為左讚善大夫。 開運二年，以所部戍深州，破契丹於樂壽，殺獲甚眾。 漢初，從高行周討杜重威於鄴，屢為流矢所中，身被重創，猶力戰，觀者壯之。 又率所部戍鎮州，破契丹於靈壽，獲車馬甚眾。 周世宗征劉崇，漢徽有戰功，補龍捷左第五軍都虞候，移所部屯安平縣，破契丹於縣南，獲器甲車帳，遷本軍左第四軍都虞候。
Du Hanhui was a native of Chang'an in Jingzhao. His father A'sun was commissioner of the Weisheng Army at Taiyuan. Hanhu was powerfully built and skilled in horsemanship and archery. At seventeen he entered the service of the Martial Emperor of Later Tang as captain of the hall attendants. During the Tiancheng era he rose to command the Imperial Guard Army. In the sixth year of the Tianfu era of Later Jin (941), he joined Murong Ye and others in the campaign against Li Jinquan of Anzhou and took the commander Sun Hou alive. For this merit he was promoted to commander of the Xingshun Army. In the eighth year he took part in the campaign against An Chongrong of Zhenzhou and was made commander of the Imperial Guard; his father A'sun was posthumously granted the title of Left Palatine Counselor. In the second year of Kaiyun (945) he garrisoned Shenzhou with his troops, defeated the Khitan at Leshou, and killed or captured a great number of the enemy. Early in Later Han he followed Gao Xingzhou against Du Chongwei at Ye. He was hit repeatedly by stray arrows and bore grave wounds, yet kept fighting; those who watched were awed by his courage. He then led his troops to garrison Zhenzhou, defeated the Khitan at Lingshou, and seized a great quantity of carts and horses. When Emperor Shizong campaigned against Liu Chong, Hanhui distinguished himself. He was made deputy commander of the Dragon Swift Left Fifth Army and stationed his troops at Anping County, where he defeated the Khitan south of the county and seized armor, wagons, and tents. He was then promoted to deputy commander of the Left Fourth Army of the same corps.
6
宋初，補本軍都校，領茂州刺史，改領潮州。 從平李筠，又從平李重進，錄功居多。 建隆三年，出為天長軍使，移雄武軍使、知屯田事。 是冬，被病，即以符印授通判宋鸞，請告歸京。 家人勸其求醫藥，漢徽笑曰：「我在戎行四十年，大小百餘戰，不死幸矣，安用藥為？」 未幾，卒。
Early in the Song dynasty he was made colonel of his army and prefect of Maozhou, then transferred to Chaozhou. He took part in the suppression of Li Jing and then of Li Chongjin, and his recorded merit ranked among the highest. In the third year of Jianlong (962) he was sent out as commissioner of the Tianchang Army, then transferred to commissioner of the Xiongwu Army with responsibility for field administration. That winter he fell ill, handed his seal and credentials at once to the vice prefect Song Luan, and asked leave to return to the capital. His family urged him to seek medical treatment. Hanhui smiled and said, "I have spent forty years in the army and fought in more than a hundred battles, great and small. That I have not died is already good fortune—what need have I of medicine?" Before long he died.
7
張廷翰
Zhang Tinghan
8
張廷翰，冀州信都人。 父慎圖，仕周為兵部郎中。 廷翰少慷慨，有智略，善騎射。 晉天福中，冀州刺史張建武召補牙校，其後刺史李冲署為本州牢城軍校。 契丹入中原，署其黨何行通為刺史，契丹主道殂，州人共殺行通，推廷翰知州事。 漢初，就拜刺史，廷翰盡捕殺行通者戮於市。 為政寬厚簡易，民甚愛之。 周廣順初，召赴闕，周祖見其貌魁偉，謂樞密使王峻曰：「冀州近邊，雖更擇人，亦無踰廷翰者。」 即日遣還。 在郡八年，契丹將高牟翰數擾邊，皆為廷翰擊走。 廷翰家富於財，歲遣人齎金帛北入市善馬，常得數百匹，貢獻外悉遺貴近，甚獲美譽。 顯德中，歷棣、海、沂三州團練使，屢率兵敗淮人，移萊州。
Zhang Tinghan was a native of Xindu in Jizhou. His father Shentu served the Zhou dynasty as a director in the Ministry of War. From youth Tinghan was open-handed and resourceful, and skilled in horsemanship and archery. During the Tianfu era of Later Jin, the prefect of Jizhou, Zhang Jianwu, recruited him to his staff; his successor Li Chong then appointed him commander of the prefecture's prison-city garrison. When the Khitan entered the Central Plains they installed their partisan He Xingtong as prefect. After the Khitan ruler died on the march, the people of the prefecture killed Xingtong together and pressed Tinghan to take charge of the prefecture. Early in Later Han he was confirmed as prefect. Tinghan arrested everyone who had taken part in killing Xingtong and had them executed in the market. His rule was lenient and unpretentious, and the people held him in great affection. Early in the Guangshun era he was summoned to court. The Zhou founder, struck by his imposing stature, told the commissioner of military affairs Wang Jun, "Jizhou lies on the frontier. Even if we chose someone else, no one would surpass Tinghan." That same day he was sent back. During eight years in office the Khitan general Gao Mouhan raided the border repeatedly, and each time Tinghan repulsed him. Tinghan's family was wealthy. Each year he sent agents north with gold and silks to buy fine horses in the markets, regularly obtaining several hundred head. Aside from what he presented as tribute, he gave the rest to eminent officials and those close to the throne, and won wide praise. During the Xiande era he served in turn as regimental training commissioner of Di, Hai, and Yi, led troops repeatedly to defeat the Huai armies, and was then transferred to Laizhou.
9
宋初，又歷冀、亳二州。 乾德二年卒，年四十七。
Early in the Song dynasty he served in turn at Ji and Bo. He died in the second year of Qiande (964) at the age of forty-seven.
10
吳虔裕
Wu Qianyu
11
周祖討三叛，以虔裕為河中行營都監，率護聖諸軍五千以往。 李守貞出兵五千餘，設梯橋，分五路於長連城西北以禦周祖。 周祖令虔裕率大軍橫擊之，蒲人敗走，奪其梯橋，殺傷大半。 師還，賜襲衣、玉帶。 會樞密使楊邠上言求解職，隱帝遣人諭邠曰：「樞機之任，非卿不可，卿何聽間離而為此請耶？」 使至而虔裕在坐，即颺言曰：「機要重地，非可久處，俾後來者迭居可也。」 使還以白帝，帝怒，出虔裕為鄭州防禦使。 乾祐末誅大臣，急詔入朝，命將兵守澶州。 及留子陂戰敗，遂降周祖。 廣順初，遣還，賜以襲衣、玉帶、鞍勒馬。 從周祖討慕容彥超，破之。 改汝州防禦使，歷右衛、左金吾衛二大將軍兼街仗使。
When the Zhou founder campaigned against the Three Rebels, he appointed Qianyu overall supervisor of the Hezhong field headquarters and led five thousand Imperial Guard troops there. Li Shouzhen sent out more than five thousand men, erected scaling bridges, and deployed five columns northwest of Changliancheng to oppose the Zhou founder. The Zhou founder ordered Qianyu to strike them with the main force from the flank. The defenders of Pu were routed, their scaling bridges were captured, and more than half were killed or wounded. When the army returned, he was rewarded with court robes and a jade belt. At this time the commissioner of military affairs Yang Bin memorialized asking to resign. Emperor Yin sent a messenger to tell him, "The pivot of state affairs cannot do without you. Why heed those who would drive us apart and make such a request?" When the messenger arrived, Qianyu was in attendance and spoke up at once: "Such a weighty post of state secrets is no place to linger. It is only right that those who come after should take turns in it." When the messenger returned and reported this, the emperor was furious and sent Qianyu out as defensive commissioner of Zhengzhou. At the end of the Qianyou era, when great ministers were put to death, an urgent edict recalled him to court and ordered him to command troops at Chanzhou. After the defeat at Liuzi Slope he surrendered to the Zhou founder. Early in Guangshun he was sent back and rewarded with court robes, a jade belt, and a saddled horse. He followed the Zhou founder against Murong Yanchao and helped defeat him. He was made defensive commissioner of Ruzhou, then served in turn as grand general of the Right Guard and Left Golden Crow Guard, concurrently as street guard commissioner.
12
太平興國六年，遷右千牛衛上將軍，仍判左街仗事。 虔裕掌金吾三十餘年，端拱初卒，年八十八，贈太尉。
In the sixth year of Taiping Xingguo (981) he was promoted to upper general of the Right Thousand-Ox Guard while continuing to oversee left street guard affairs. Qianyu held command of the Golden Crow Guard for more than thirty years. He died early in the Duangong era (988) at the age of eighty-eight and was posthumously granted the title of Grand Preceptor.
13
虔裕性簡率，言多輕肆。 右金吾上將軍王彥超告老，虔裕語人曰：「我縱僵仆殿階下，斷不學王彥超七十致仕。」 人傳笑之。 每朝會及從遊宴，太宗憐其壽高，常慰撫之。 子延彬，至儀鸞副使。 延彬子仁美，至內殿崇班。
Qianyu was plain-spoken by nature and often spoke rashly. When Wang Yanchao, upper general of the Right Golden Crow Guard, petitioned to retire on account of age, Qianyu told others, "Even if I stiffen and fall on the palace steps, I will never follow Wang Yanchao's example of retiring at seventy." The remark was passed around and much laughed at. At court assemblies and on excursions and banquets, Emperor Taizong, mindful of his great age, often comforted him. His son Yanbin rose to deputy commissioner of the Ceremonial Phoenix Guard. Yanbin's son Renmei rose to honorary rank in the Inner Hall.
14
蔡審廷
Cai Shenting
15
蔡審廷，磁州武安人。 曾祖凝，邢州別駕。 祖綰，武安遠城三冶使。 父顒，洺州長史。 審廷少能騎射，晉初，應募補護聖散都頭。 周顯德初，擢為殿前散員，轉鐵騎副兵馬使。 從世宗戰高平有功，遷軍使。 太祖為殿前都點檢，從世宗征淮南，審廷隸麾下，預戰紫金山，改副指揮使。
Cai Shenting was a native of Wu'an in Cizhou. His great-grandfather Ning was vice prefect of Xingzhou. His grandfather Wan was commissioner of the three smelteries at Yuancheng in Wu'an. His father Yong was senior recorder of Mingzhou. From youth Shenting was skilled in horsemanship and archery. Early in Later Jin he enlisted and was appointed a scattered company head in the Imperial Guard. Early in the Xiande era of Later Zhou he was promoted to a scattered attendant before the throne, then made deputy horse-and-arms commissioner of the Iron Cavalry. He fought at Gaoping under Emperor Shizong with distinction and was promoted to army commissioner. When the future Emperor Taizu was overall inspector of the Palace Front, Shenting served under him in Emperor Shizong's Huainan campaign, fought at Purple Gold Mountain, and was made deputy commander.
16
宋初，授殿前散都頭指揮使。 從征李筠，攻澤州先登，為飛石傷足，帝賜以良藥、美酒。 及車駕還京，幸其官署問之，賜齎甚厚。 尋轉內殿直都虞候，俄改伴飯都指揮使。 建隆中，領富州刺史兼內外馬步軍副都軍頭。 乾德初，授冀州刺史。 征太原時，為北面步軍都指揮使，屯兵易州。 審廷訓練士卒甚整，太祖過鎮陽，見於行在所，賜名馬、寶劍，命為鎮州兵馬都鈐轄。 開寶八年卒，年六十九。
Early in the Song dynasty he was appointed commander of the scattered company heads of the Palace Front. In the campaign against Li Jing he was first over the wall at Zezhou and was struck in the foot by a catapult stone. The emperor rewarded him with fine medicine and wine. When the emperor returned to the capital, he visited Shenting at his quarters to inquire after him and bestowed lavish gifts. He was soon made deputy commander of the Inner Hall Direct Guard, then commander of the Companion Meal Guard. During the Jianlong era he was prefect of Fuzhou and concurrently deputy overall commander of the inner and outer horse and foot forces. Early in Qiande he was appointed prefect of Jizhou. During the Taiyuan campaign he was commander-in-chief of the northern infantry and stationed his troops at Yizhou. Shenting drilled his troops to a high standard. When the emperor passed through Zhenyang, he received Shenting at the field headquarters, gave him a fine horse and a treasured sword, and appointed him overall military superintendent of Zhenzhou. He died in the eighth year of Kaibao (975) at the age of sixty-nine.
17
周廣，字大均，其先應州神武川人。 父密，事晉，歷鄜、延、晉三鎮節度使。 周廣順初，至太子太師致仕。 廣幼從其父為牙校。 漢初，授供奉官。 未幾，擢左千牛衛將軍。 周祖命將討慕容彥超於兗州，以廣為行營都監。 賊平，錄功遷右武衛將軍。 俄改右神武將軍，充鎮淮軍兵馬都監。 從世宗征淮南。 既得江北數州，即命廣勞來安集，民甚德之。 因領常州刺史兼內外馬步軍都軍頭。 淮南平，改眉州刺史。
Zhou Guang, whose style was Dajun, came from a family of Shenwu River in Yingzhou. His father Mi served Later Jin and in turn was military governor of Fu, Yan, and Jin. Early in Guangshun he rose to Grand Preceptor of the Heir Apparent and retired. From youth Guang served on his father's personal staff. Early in Later Han he was appointed a tribute attendant. Before long he was promoted to general of the Left Thousand-Ox Guard. When the Zhou founder ordered a campaign against Murong Yanchao at Yanzhou, he made Guang overall supervisor of the field headquarters. After the rebels were subdued, his merit was recorded and he was promoted to general of the Right Martial Guard. He was soon made general of the Right Divine Martial Guard and overall military supervisor of the Zhenhuai Army. He accompanied Emperor Shizong on the Huainan campaign. After several prefectures north of the Yangzi were secured, Guang was sent to comfort the people and restore order, and they held him in high regard. He was then made prefect of Changzhou and concurrently overall commander of the inner and outer horse and foot forces. After Huainan was pacified, he was transferred to Meizhou.
18
宋初，授隰州刺史。 乾德三年，遷潘州團練使，令訓練雄武諸營。 開寶二年，從征太原，為攻城樓櫓戰棹都部署，師還，加內外馬步軍副都軍頭。 六年，改右屯衛大將軍，領郡如故。 太平興國二年，卒。
Early in the Song dynasty he was appointed prefect of Xizhou. In the third year of Qiande (965) he was made regimental training commissioner of Panzhou and charged with drilling the Xiongwu camps. In the second year of Kaibao (969) he joined the Taiyuan campaign as overall commander of siege works and war boats. When the army returned, he was promoted to deputy overall commander of the inner and outer horse and foot forces. In the sixth year he was made grand general of the Right Garrison Guard while retaining his prefecture. He died in the second year of Taiping Xingguo (977).
19
張勳，河南洛陽人。 晉開運中，事留守景延廣為典客，延廣表為供奉官。 周世宗將征淮南，以勳為申州緣淮巡檢。 因採光州機事聞於朝廷，即命勳率兵同討平之，遂監光州軍，充內外巡檢。 後攻黃州，敗吳人於麻城，復破柏業山砦，目中流矢。 遷內園副使。 及征瀛、莫，以為霸州兵馬都監。
Zhang Xun was a native of Luoyang in Henan. During the Kaiyun era of Later Jin he served the regent Jing Yanguang as protocol officer, and Yanguang recommended him for appointment as a tribute attendant. When Emperor Shizong prepared to campaign against Huainan, he appointed Xun inspection commissioner along the Huai on the Shenzhou frontier. After he reported intelligence on Guangzhou to the court, he was ordered to lead troops to suppress the disturbance. He then supervised the Guangzhou garrison and served as inner and outer inspector. He later attacked Huangzhou, defeated Wu troops at Macheng, and stormed the stockade at Boye Mountain, where a stray arrow struck him in the eye. He was promoted to deputy commissioner of the Inner Park. During the campaign against Ying and Mo, he was made overall military supervisor of Bazhou.
20
初，征李筠，勳從石守信董前軍，拔大會砦，及敗筠眾於太行，破澤州，皆預有功。 太祖還京，命權知許州。 未幾，李重進叛，又詔與石守信、李處耘先率兵進討。 拔揚州，以勳為兵馬都監，遷氈毯使。 討朗陵，充前軍兵馬都監。 荊湖平，以功就拜衡州刺史。 乾德初，克郴州及桂陽監，以勳為刺史兼監使。 五年，代歸，至揚州卒，年六十八。 太祖甚憐之，錄其子廷敏為殿直。 勳性殘忍好殺，每攻破城邑，但揚言曰「且斬」，頗有橫罹鋒刃者。 將赴衡州，州民皆涕泣相謂曰：「『張且斬』至矣，吾輩何以安乎！」
In the campaign against Li Jing, Xun served under Shi Shouxin in the vanguard, captured the Dahui stockade, and shared in the victories over Li Jing's army in the Taihang and at Zezhou. When the emperor returned to the capital, Xun was appointed acting prefect of Xuzhou. Soon afterward, when Li Chongjin rebelled, he was again ordered with Shi Shouxin and Li Chuyun to lead the advance against him. After Yangzhou was captured, Xun was made military supervisor and promoted to commissioner of felts and rugs. In the campaign against Langling he served as vanguard military supervisor. After Jinghu was pacified, his merit earned him appointment as prefect of Hengzhou. Early in Qiande, after Chenzhou and the Guiyang salt directorate were captured, Xun was made prefect and concurrently director commissioner. In the fifth year, while returning after being relieved of his post, he died at Yangzhou at the age of sixty-eight. The emperor was deeply moved and enrolled his son Tingmin as a palace attendant. Xun was cruel and bloodthirsty. Whenever he took a city he would announce only, "Execute for now," and many who had done no wrong fell to the sword. When he was about to take up his post at Hengzhou, the people wept and said to one another, "'Zhang Execute-for-Now' is coming—how shall we live in peace?"
21
建隆三年，再使高麗，遷左驍衛大將軍，護秦州屯兵。 西人犯邊，曦率所領擊破之，斬渠帥十三人。 太祖征晉，曦領兵二千人自澤、潞除道至太原，壅汾水灌其城，又益兵千人，部攻遼州。 俄知雄州，代，為潭州鈐轄。 開寶八年，領兵敗南唐軍二千餘於袁州，平梅山、板倉諸洞蠻寇，俘馘數千人。 太平興國中，歷右神武、右羽林大將軍，連知孟、襄二州，遷領誠州刺史。 雍熙四年，改知霸州兼部署。 會陳廷山謀以平戎軍叛入北邊，曦察知之，與侯延濟定計，禽廷山以獻。 錄其功，加領本州團練使、同知鎮州。 淳化二年，移原州，遷右龍武軍大將軍。 被病請告，詔特給全俸。 四年，卒，年七十四，賵賻加等。
In the third year of Jianlong (962) he was again sent as envoy to Goryeo, promoted to grand general of the Left Valiant Guard, and put in charge of the garrison at Qinzhou. When western tribes raided the frontier, Xi led his troops to defeat them and beheaded thirteen chieftains. During the emperor's campaign against Northern Han, Xi led two thousand men by a cleared route from Ze and Lu to Taiyuan, dammed the Fen to flood the city, reinforced his force by a thousand, and directed the attack on Liaozhou. He was soon made prefect of Xiongzhou, and when relieved of that post was appointed military superintendent of Tanzhou. In the eighth year of Kaibao (975) he defeated more than two thousand Southern Tang troops at Yuanzhou, pacified the tribal raiders of Meishan, Bancang, and other settlements, and took several thousand prisoners or heads. During the Taiping Xingguo era he served in turn as grand general of the Right Divine Martial and Right Feathered Forest Guards, governed Meng and Xiang in succession, and was transferred to Chengzhou. In the fourth year of Yongxi (987) he was made prefect of Bazhou with concurrent authority as deployer. When Chen Tingshan plotted to rebel with the Pingrong garrison and defect to the northern tribes, Xi uncovered the scheme, worked out a plan with Hou Yanji, and captured Tingshan for presentation to the court. His merit was recorded and he was additionally made regimental training commissioner of his prefecture and concurrent administrator of Zhenzhou. In the second year of Chunhua (991) he was transferred to Yuanzhou and promoted to grand general of the Right Dragon Martial Guard. When he fell ill and asked for leave, the court specially granted him his full salary. He died in the fourth year at the age of seventy-four, and funeral gifts were granted above the usual scale.
22
張藏英
Zhang Cangying
23
張藏英，涿州范陽人，自言唐相嘉貞之後。 唐末，舉族為賊孫居道所害。 藏英年十七，僅以身免。 後逢居道於豳州市，引佩刀刺之，不死，為吏所執。 節帥趙德鈞壯之，釋而不問，以補牙職。 藏英後聞居道避地關南，乃求為關南都巡檢使。 至則微服攜鐵楇，匿居道舍側，伺其出，擊之仆於地，齧其耳噉之，遂禽歸。 設父母位，陳酒肴，縛居道於前，號泣鞭之，臠其肉，經三日，刳其心以祭。 即詣官首服，官為上請而釋之。 燕、薊間目為「報讐張孝子」。 契丹用為盧䑓軍使兼榷鹽制置使，領坊州刺史。 周廣順三年，率內外親屬並所部兵千餘人，及煮鹽戶長幼七千餘口，牛馬萬計，舟數百艘，航海歸周。 至滄州，刺史李暉以聞。 周祖頗疑之，令館於封禪寺，俄賜襲衣、銀帶、錢十萬、絹百匹、銀器、鞍勒馬。 數月，世宗即位，授德州刺史。 未幾召歸，對便殿，詢以備邊之策。 藏英請於深州李晏口置砦，及誘境上亡命者以隸軍，願為主將，得便宜討擊。 世宗悉從之。 以為緣邊招收都指揮使，賜名馬、金帶。 藏英遂築城李晏口，累月，募得勁兵數千人。 會遣鳳翔節度王彥超巡邊，為契丹所圍，藏英率新募兵馳往擊之，轉戰十餘里，契丹解去。 改濮州刺史，仍領邊任。 契丹將高牟翰以精騎數千擾邊，藏英逆擊於胡盧河北，自旦至晡，殺傷甚眾。 值暮收兵，契丹遁去。 後因領兵巡樂壽，契丹幽州驍將姚內斌偵知藏英兵少，以精騎二千陣於縣之北，藏英率麾下擊之，自辰及申，士皆殊死戰，內斌遂解去。 世宗降璽書褒美。 征瓦橋關，為先鋒都指揮使，敗契丹騎數百於關北。 下固安縣，又改關南排陣使。 宋初，遷瀛州團練使，並護關南軍。 建隆三年，卒於治所，年六十九。 孫鑒，自有傳。
Zhang Cangying was a native of Fanyang in Zhuozhou and claimed descent from the Tang chancellor Zhang Jiazhen. At the end of the Tang dynasty his entire clan was slaughtered by the bandit Sun Judao. Cangying was seventeen and barely escaped with his life. Later he met Judao at the market in Binzhou, drew his dagger, and stabbed him but failed to kill him, and was seized by the authorities. The military governor Zhao Dejun admired his courage, released him without punishment, and gave him a post on his staff. Learning later that Judao had fled to Guannan, Cangying sought appointment as metropolitan inspection commissioner of Guannan. On arrival he went in disguise with an iron club, hid beside Judao's house, and when Judao came out struck him down, bit off his ear and ate it, then took him captive. He set up memorial tablets for his parents, spread wine and food, bound Judao before them, wept as he whipped him, carved flesh from his body, and after three days cut out his heart as an offering. He then surrendered to the authorities, who memorialized the court and secured his release. Between Yan and Ji he was known as "Filial Zhang the Avenger." The Khitan appointed him commissioner of the Lu'an Army and salt monopoly superintendent, with the prefecture of Fangzhou. In the third year of Guangshun (953) he led more than a thousand kinsmen and troops under his command, more than seven thousand salt-workers and their families, tens of thousands of cattle and horses, and several hundred boats, and returned to Zhou by sea. When he reached Cangzhou, Prefect Li Hui reported his arrival to the court. The Zhou founder was wary and had him lodged at Fengchan Temple, then soon rewarded him with court robes, a silver belt, one hundred thousand cash, a hundred bolts of silk, silver vessels, and a saddled horse. Several months later, when Emperor Shizong took the throne, he was appointed prefect of Dezhou. He was soon recalled, received in the informal hall, and questioned on border defense. Cangying asked to build a stockade at Liyan Ford in Shenzhou, recruit border fugitives into his force, and serve as commander with discretionary authority to attack. The emperor approved all of this. He was made frontier recruitment commander-in-chief and rewarded with a fine horse and a gold belt. Cangying then built a fort at Liyan Ford and within months recruited several thousand seasoned troops. When Wang Yanchao of Fengxiang was sent to patrol the border and was surrounded by Khitan forces, Cangying rushed his new recruits to the rescue, fought for more than ten li, and the Khitan withdrew. He was transferred to Puzhou while retaining his frontier duties. The Khitan general Gao Mouhan raided the border with several thousand elite horsemen. Cangying met him north of the Hulu River and from dawn to dusk killed and wounded a great many. At dusk he withdrew, and the Khitan fled. Later, while patrolling Leshou, he learned that Yao Neibin, a fierce Khitan general of Youzhou, had learned his force was small and drawn up two thousand elite horsemen north of the county. Cangying attacked from morning to mid-afternoon; his men fought to the death, and Neibin withdrew. Emperor Shizong sent an imperial letter praising him. In the campaign against Wagong Pass he served as vanguard commander-in-chief and defeated several hundred Khitan horsemen north of the pass. He captured Gu'an County and was made Guannan battle-array commissioner. Early in the Song dynasty he was made regimental training commissioner of Yingzhou and put in charge of the Guannan army. He died at his post in the third year of Jianlong (962) at the age of sixty-nine. His grandson Jian has a separate biography.
24
陸萬友
Lu Wanyou
25
陸萬友，蔚州靈丘人。 少隸太原為裨校。 漢祖起義，擢為護聖指揮使。 隱帝即位，出為天雄軍馬軍都指揮使。 周祖之起兵也，萬友預謀。 及踐阼，擢為散員都指揮使，領獎州刺史。 世宗嗣位，遷龍捷左第三軍都指揮使。 轉控鶴右廂都校、領虔州團練使，改虎捷右廂、領閬州防禦使。 恭帝嗣位，出為安州防禦使。
Lu Wanyou was a native of Lingqiu in Weizhou. In youth he served at Taiyuan as a deputy commander. When the founder of Later Han rose in revolt, he was promoted to commander of the Imperial Guard. When Emperor Yin took the throne, he was sent out as commander-in-chief of the Tianxiong cavalry. When the Zhou founder raised his army, Wanyou took part in the planning. When he took the throne, Wanyou was promoted to commander of the scattered attendants and made prefect of Jiangzhou. When Emperor Shizong succeeded, he was made commander-in-chief of the Dragon Swift Left Third Army. He was made colonel of the right wing of the Crane Control Guard and regimental training commissioner of Qianzhou, then colonel of the Tiger Swift right wing and defensive commissioner of Langzhou. When Emperor Gong succeeded, he was sent out as defensive commissioner of Anzhou.
26
宋初，歷沂、蘄二州防禦使。 乾德四年，改汝州。 開寶中，討南唐，造舟於采石磯以濟師，命萬友守之。 江南平，為和州防禦使。 太宗嗣位，以為晉、絳等州都巡檢使。 帝征太原，克汾、石二州，以萬友為石州都巡檢使，俄兼知石州，移巡警鳳翔、秦、隴。 代歸，詔知瀛州，在郡二年，政務苟簡。 雍熙二年，改右監門衛大將軍，充河陰兵馬都監，逾年卒，年七十三。 萬友始業圬鏝，既貴達，不忘本，以銀為圬鏝器數十事示子孫。 性猛暴，以武勇自任，所至無善政。 太宗以其勳舊，恩遇不替，聘其次女為許王夫人。
Early in the Song dynasty he served in turn as defensive commissioner of Yi and Qi. In the fourth year of Qiande (966) he was transferred to Ruzhou. During the Kaibao era, in the campaign against Southern Tang, boats were built at Caishi Ford to ferry the army, and Wanyou was ordered to guard them. After Jiangnan was pacified, he was made defensive commissioner of Hezhou. When Emperor Taizong succeeded, he was made metropolitan inspection commissioner of Jin, Jiang, and neighboring prefectures. During the Taiyuan campaign, after Fen and Shi were taken, Wanyou was made metropolitan inspection commissioner of Shizhou and soon also acting prefect; he was then transferred to patrol Fengxiang, Qin, and Long. When he returned after being relieved, he was appointed prefect of Yingzhou. During two years in office his administration was lax. In the second year of Yongxi (985) he was made grand general of the Right Gate Guard and overall military supervisor of Heyin. He died a year later at the age of seventy-three. Wanyou had begun as a plasterer. After he rose to high rank he did not forget his origins and had several dozen plastering tools made in silver to show his descendants. He was fierce by nature, prided himself on martial prowess, and left good government nowhere he served. Because he was an old merit-holder, Emperor Taizong continued to favor him without decline and betrothed his second daughter to the Prince of Xu.
27
解暉，洺州臨洺人。 父珪，應募為州兵，後唐天成中，西征至劍門，沒於陣。 暉少有勇力，以父死戎事，得隸兵籍。 戍雁門，與契丹接戰，斬首七級，獲酋長一人。 以功遷奉國軍隊長。 晉天福中，安重榮反鎮州，因舉兵向闕。 至宋城，晉師逆戰，大破之。 暉募軍中壯士百餘人夜搗賊壘，殺獲甚眾。 暉頻中流失，而督戰自若，顏色不撓，以功遷本軍列校。 周廣順初，劉崇與契丹侵晉州，暉從都部署、樞密使王峻等往援之。 暉率敢死士三十餘，夜入契丹帳擊之，殺獲甚眾，遷本軍第五指揮使。 從世宗征淮南，率所部下黃州，禽刺史高弼，遷虎捷第一軍都虞候。
Jie Hui was a native of Linming in Mingzhou. His father Gui enlisted as a prefectural soldier. During the Tiancheng era of Later Tang, on a western campaign he reached Jianmen and died in battle. From youth Hui was strong and brave. Because his father had died in military service, he was enrolled in the army rolls. While garrisoned at Yanmen he fought the Khitan, took seven heads, and captured one chieftain. For this merit he was promoted to company leader in the Fengguo Army. During the Tianfu era of Later Jin, An Chongrong rebelled at Zhenzhou and marched on the capital. At Songcheng the Jin army met them and won a crushing victory. Hui recruited more than a hundred stalwarts from the army to raid the rebel camp by night, killing and capturing a great many. He was hit again and again by stray arrows, yet directed the battle calmly and without flinching, and was promoted to company officer in his corps for his merit. Early in Guangshun, when Liu Chong and the Khitan invaded Jinzhou, Hui followed the overall deployer Wang Jun and other commanders to the relief. He led more than thirty volunteers in a night attack on the Khitan camp, killed and captured a great many, and was promoted to fifth commander of his army. In Emperor Shizong's Huainan campaign he led his troops to Huangzhou, captured Prefect Gao Bi, and was made deputy commander of the Tiger Swift First Army.
28
宋初，步軍都軍頭，從征澤州，力戰，目中流矢。 師還，策勳為內外馬步軍副都軍頭。 建隆四年，充湖廣道行營前軍戰棹都指揮使。 潭州平，降璽書獎諭。 偽統軍黃從志據岳州，暉率舟師討平之，生禽從志及將校十四人，俘斬數千，溺死者眾。 改控鶴右第二軍都指揮使，領高州刺史。 乾德六年，詔領所部軍屯上黨，從李繼勳略太原。 開寶九年，破太原軍於境上，斬首千餘級，獲馬三十匹。 改均州刺史。
Early in the Song dynasty, as overall commander of the infantry, he fought at Zezhou with great ferocity and was struck in the eye by a stray arrow. When the army returned, his merit earned him appointment as deputy overall commander of the inner and outer horse and foot forces. In the fourth year of Jianlong (963) he was made commander-in-chief of war boats for the vanguard of the Huguang field army. When Tanzhou was pacified, the emperor sent him a letter of commendation. The rebel overall commander Huang Congzhi held Yuezhou. Hui led a fleet against him, took Congzhi alive with fourteen officers, killed or captured several thousand, and many drowned. He was made commander-in-chief of the Crane Control Right Second Army and prefect of Gaozhou. In the sixth year of Qiande (968) he was ordered to garrison Shangdang with his troops and join Li Jixun in raiding Taiyuan. In the ninth year of Kaibao (976) he defeated the Taiyuan army on the frontier, took more than a thousand heads, and seized thirty horses. He was transferred to Junzhou.
29
太平興國二年，詔於潞州北亂柳石圍中築城，名威勝軍，以暉為軍使。 從征并州，與尚食使石彥贇率所部先下隆州，殺并州三百餘，禽招討使李詢等六人以獻於行在所，賜予有加。 復令與彥贇督戰士隸城西行營，分攻太原。 劉繼元降，太宗以太原宮女三人賜暉，俄以功遷本州團練使、知霸州。 雍熙初，充雲、應、寰、朔、忻、代等州都巡檢使。 三年，代歸本郡。 淳化二年，被病，上章告老，改右千牛衛上將軍致仕。 詔未至而卒，年八十。
In the second year of Taiping Xingguo (977) he was ordered to build a fort at Luanliu north of Luzhou, named the Weisheng Army, and was made its commissioner. In the campaign against Bingzhou he and Commissioner of Imperial Viands Shi Yanyun led their troops to capture Longzhou first, killed more than three hundred defenders, and presented six captives including Pacification Commissioner Li Xun to the emperor's camp, receiving lavish rewards. He was again ordered with Yanyun to command troops of the western field camp in the assault on Taiyuan. When Liu Jiyuan surrendered, Emperor Taizong gave Hui three palace women from Taiyuan. Soon afterward his merit earned him promotion to regimental training commissioner of his prefecture and acting prefect of Bazhou. Early in Yongxi he was made metropolitan inspection commissioner of Yun, Ying, Huan, Shuo, Xin, Dai, and neighboring prefectures. In the third year, after being relieved, he returned to his home prefecture. In the second year of Chunhua (991), when he fell ill, he petitioned to retire and was made upper general of the Right Thousand-Ox Guard with permission to leave office. He died before the edict arrived, at the age of eighty.
30
暉鷙猛木強，每受詔征伐，常身先之。 人所憚者，暉視之若甚易，由是頻立戰功，金創遍體。 時稱驍將。 子守顒，至內殿崇班、閤門祗候。
Hui was fierce and unyielding. Whenever he received orders for a campaign, he always led from the front. What others feared he treated as easy work, and thus won repeated victories, his body covered with battle scars. He was acclaimed as a fierce fighter. His son Shouyong rose to honorary rank in the Inner Hall and served as a palace gate attendant.
31
李韜，河朔人。 有勇力膽氣，善用槊，為禁軍隊長。 周祖征三叛，韜從白文珂攻河中，兵傅其城。 文珂夜詣周祖議犒軍，留韜城下。 時營柵未備，李守貞乘虛來襲，營中忽見火發，知賊聚至，惶怖失據。 客省使閻晉卿率左右數十人，遇韜於月城側，謂韜曰：「事急矣，城中人悉被黃紙甲，為火光所照，色俱白，此殊易辨，奈軍士無鬥志何？ ”」韜憤怒曰：「豈有食君祿而不為國致死耶！」 即援槊而進，軍中死士十餘輩隨韜犯賊鋒。 蒲有猛將躍馬持戈擬韜，韜刺之，洞胸而墜。 又連殺數十人，蒲軍遂潰，因擊，大破之，守貞自是閉壘不敢出。 俄驍將王三鐵降，城遂平，韜由此知名。 累遷軍校，出為趙州刺史，移慈州。 乾德六年卒。
Li Tao was a native of the Hebei-Shandong region. He was brave and daring, skilled with the spear, and served as a company leader in the Imperial Guard. When the Zhou founder campaigned against the Three Rebels, Tao followed Bai Wenke against Hezhong, pressing the army close to the walls. Wenke went by night to consult the Zhou founder about rewarding the troops, leaving Tao below the city. The camp fortifications were not yet complete when Li Shouzhen seized the chance to attack. Fire suddenly broke out in the camp; the men knew the enemy had come in force and panicked. Commissioner of the Guest Bureau Yan Jinqing led several dozen men and met Tao beside the moon wall. He said, "The situation is desperate. Everyone in the city wears armor faced with yellow paper, which the firelight turns white—that is easy to tell apart. But what can we do when the soldiers have no heart to fight? " Tao said angrily, "How can men who eat the ruler's salary refuse to die for the state!" He seized his spear and charged forward, and more than a dozen volunteers followed him into the enemy line. A fierce Pu general spurred his horse and leveled his halberd at Tao. Tao ran him through the chest and brought him down. He killed dozens more in succession. The Pu army broke and was routed. From then on Shouzhen shut himself in his fort and did not dare come out. Soon the fierce general Wang Santie surrendered, the city was taken, and Tao won fame from this exploit. He rose through the army ranks, was sent out as prefect of Zhaozhou, and was transferred to Cizhou. He died in the sixth year of Qiande.
32
王晉卿
Wang Jinqing
33
乾德中，為興州刺史。 四年，移漢州。 時蜀初平，寇盜充斥，晉卿嚴武備，設方略，禽捕剪滅，靡有遺漏，自是雖劇賊無敢窺其境。 然以賄聞，太祖惜其才而不問。 秩滿歸闕，以疾求頤養，改左監門衛將軍、奉朝請。 貢重錦十匹、銀千兩以謝，詔不納，以其黷貨，愧之也。 未幾，詔戍北邊，疆場清肅。 開寶四年，復授莫州刺史。 在郡謹斥候，善撫循，士卒皆樂為之用，邊民安堵。 六年八月卒，年六十七。
During the Qiande era he was prefect of Xingzhou. In the fourth year he was transferred to Hanzhou. Shu had just been pacified and bandits were everywhere. Jinqing strengthened defenses, laid plans, and hunted them down without exception, so that even the boldest raiders no longer dared enter his territory. He became known for taking bribes, but the emperor valued his ability and did not investigate. When his term ended he returned to court, asked leave to recuperate from illness, and was made general of the Left Gate Guard with the rank of court attendant. He offered ten bolts of heavy brocade and a thousand taels of silver in thanks. The court refused them, to shame him for his corruption. Before long he was ordered to the northern frontier, where he kept the border quiet. In the fourth year of Kaibao he was again appointed prefect of Mozhou. In office he maintained strict watch posts and treated men well; his soldiers served him gladly and the border people lived in peace. He died in the eighth month of the sixth year at the age of sixty-seven.
34
郭廷謂
Guo Tingwei
35
郭廷謂，字信臣，徐州彭城人。 父全義，仕南唐為濠州觀察使。 廷謂幼好學，工書，善騎射。 補殿前承旨，改濠州中軍使，李景每令偵中朝機事入奏。 全義卒，擢莊宅使、濠州監軍。 周世宗攻淮右，南人屢敗，城中甚恐，廷謂與州將黃仁謙為固禦之計。 周師遣諜以鐵券及其壘，廷謂拒之。 城中負販之輩率不逞，廷謂慮其亡逸，籍置大寺，遣兵守之，給日食，俾製防城具，隨其所習，以故周師卒不得覘城中虛實。
Guo Tingwei, whose style was Xinchen, was a native of Pengcheng in Xuzhou. His father Quanyi served Southern Tang as surveillance commissioner of Haozhou. From youth Tingwei loved learning, was skilled at calligraphy, and excelled at horsemanship and archery. He was appointed attendant before the throne, then made middle army commissioner of Haozhou, and Li Jing often sent him to spy on the central court and report back. When Quanyi died, he was promoted to commissioner of manorial estates and military supervisor of Haozhou. When Emperor Shizong attacked the Huai west, the defenders suffered repeated defeats and the city was terrified. Tingwei and the prefectural commander Huang Renqian planned a stout defense. The Zhou army sent spies with iron tallies to their ramparts, but Tingwei refused them. The peddlers in the city were mostly unruly, and Tingwei feared they would slip away. He registered them in a great monastery, posted guards, fed them daily, and set them to making defensive gear according to their skills, so that the Zhou army could not learn the city's true condition.
36
周師為浮梁渦口，命張從恩、焦繼勳守之，廷謂語仁謙曰：「此濠、壽之患也。 彼以騎士勝，故利於陸； 我以舟師銳，故便於水。 今夏久雨，淮流泛溢，願假舟兵二千，斷其橋，屠其城，直抵壽春。」 仁謙初沮其議，不得已從之，即輕棹銜枚抵其橋，麾兵斷笮，悉焚之。 周師大衄，死者不可計，焚其資糧而還。 以功授武殿使。 周師退保定遠，又募壯士為負販狀入定遠，偵軍多寡及守將之名。 還曰：「武行德、周務勍也。」 廷謂曰：「是可圖也。」 又籍鄉兵萬餘洎卒五千，日夕訓練，依山銜枚設伏以破之，周師大潰，行德單騎脫走。 時有以玉帛子女餉廷謂者，悉拒之，唯取良馬二百匹以獻。 以功為滁州刺史、上淮巡檢應援兵馬都監。 及紫金山之戰，南唐諸將多歸降者，獨廷謂以全軍還守濠州，追不能及。 時濠守欲棄城走，廷謂止之。 俄加本州團練使，繕戈甲，治溝壘，常若敵至。 是秋，周師復至，表於景請援，且言周兵四臨，乞卑辭請和，以固鄰好。 夜出敢死士千餘襲周營，焚頭車洞屋，周師蹂躪死者甚眾。 既而援兵不至，周師急擊，廷謂集諸軍壘門之外，南望大慟而降於周。 至山陽，見世宗，特加宴勞，賜金帶、襲衣、良馬、器皿，拜亳州防禦使。 以其弟本州馬步都校廷讚為和州刺史。 命攻天長軍，降其將馬贇。 又為樓櫓戰櫂左右廂都監，俄歸譙郡。
The Zhou army built a pontoon bridge at Wokou and put Zhang Cong'en and Jiao Jixun in charge of it. Tingwei told Renqian, "This threatens Hao and Shou. They rely on cavalry and are strong on land; we are strong on the water with our fleet. This summer the rains have been heavy and the Huai is in flood. Lend me two thousand naval troops, and I will cut their bridge, destroy their fort, and strike straight for Shouchun." Renqian at first opposed the plan but finally agreed. They took light boats with muffled oars to the bridge, cut the cables, and burned the whole structure. The Zhou army suffered a crushing defeat with countless dead. They burned the Zhou stores and returned. For this merit he was made Martial Hall commissioner. When the Zhou army withdrew to Dingyuan, he recruited men disguised as peddlers to enter the town and learn the size of the garrison and the names of its commanders. They returned and reported, "The commanders are Wu Xingde and Zhou Wujin." Tingwei said, "They can be taken." He enrolled more than ten thousand local militia and five thousand regulars, drilled them day and night, and set hill ambushes with muffled troops. The Zhou army was routed, and Xingde escaped alone on horseback. Some offered him jade, silks, and women as gifts, but he refused them all and presented only two hundred fine horses. For his merit he was made prefect of Chuzhou and overall military supervisor of upper Huai relief forces. At the battle of Purple Gold Mountain most Southern Tang generals surrendered, but Tingwei brought his whole army back to Haozhou and could not be overtaken. The defender of Haozhou wished to abandon the city and flee, but Tingwei stopped him. He was soon made regimental training commissioner of Haozhou, repaired arms and armor, strengthened ditches and walls, and kept the city on a war footing. That autumn the Zhou army returned. He memorialized Li Jing for reinforcements, urged that the Zhou pressed on all sides, and asked that humble terms be sought to secure peace with the neighbor. By night he sent more than a thousand volunteers to raid the Zhou camp, burned their lead wagons and shelters, and many Zhou soldiers were trampled to death in the rout. When relief failed to come and the Zhou pressed the attack, Tingwei assembled his troops outside the gates, wept toward the south, and surrendered to Zhou. At Shanyang he was received by Emperor Shizong with a special feast and rewarded with a gold belt, court robes, fine horses, and vessels, and was made defensive commissioner of Bozhou. His younger brother Tingzan, horse-and-foot colonel of the prefecture, was made prefect of Hezhou. He was ordered to attack the Tianchang Army and induced its commander Ma Yun to surrender. He was also made overall supervisor of siege towers and war boats for both wings, then soon returned to Qiao.
37
宋初，從征上黨，再知亳州。 乾德二年，代還，改絳州防禦使。 兩川平，馮瓚知梓州，為僕夫所訟，召廷謂為靜江軍節度觀察留後以代之。 州承舊政，有莊宅戶、車腳戶，皆隸州將，鷹鷂戶日獻雉兔，田獵戶歲入皮革； 又有鄉將、都將、鎮將輩互擾閭里，廷謂悉除之。 開寶五年，卒，年五十四。
Early in the Song dynasty he joined the Shangdang campaign and again governed Bozhou. In the second year of Qiande, after being relieved, he was made defensive commissioner of Jiangzhou. After the Two Rivers were pacified, Feng Zan governed Zizhou but was sued by a servant. Tingwei was summoned as acting military governor and surveillance commissioner of the Jingjiang Army to replace him. The prefecture still followed old abuses: manorial households and cart households answered to prefectural officers; hawk households supplied pheasants and hares daily, and hunting households paid leather yearly; village, commandery, and garrison officers also harassed the people. Tingwei abolished all of these practices. He died in the fifth year of Kaibao at the age of fifty-four.
38
廷謂性恭謹，事母以孝聞，未嘗不束帶立侍。 子延濬。 廷謂兄廷諭，仕南唐為太子洗馬致仕，宋初至秘書監。 廷諭子延澤。
Tingwei was respectful and dutiful, famed for filial service to his mother, and never attended her except in full formal dress, standing at her side. His son was Yanjun. Tingwei's elder brother Tingyu had served Southern Tang as crown prince reader before retiring, and early in Song rose to Director of the Secretariat. Tingyu's son was Yanze.
39
子延濬
Son: Yanjun
40
延濬，字利川。 幼謙和。 初，廷謂為靜江軍節度使，延濬為桂州牙內都指揮使。 廷謂卒，太祖錄延濬為供奉官，屢使西北，宣諭機事。
Yanjun, whose style was Lichuan. From youth he was modest and even-tempered. When Tingwei was military governor of the Jingjiang Army, Yanjun was inner yamen commander-in-chief at Guizhou. When Tingwei died, the emperor enrolled Yanjun as a tribute attendant and repeatedly sent him to the northwest on confidential missions.
41
太平興國初，以內庭宣索及殿前賜齎、移文庫務未有專領之者。 乃置合同憑由印，命延濬與內藏庫副使劉蒙正掌之。 又領八作司及督治汴河。
Early in Taiping Xingguo there was still no officer specifically in charge of inner-court requisitions, gifts before the throne, or storehouse transfer documents. The contract credential seal was therefore established, and Yanjun was ordered with Deputy Commissioner of the Inner Treasury Liu Mengzheng to manage it. He also headed the Eight Works Office and supervised work on the Bian Canal.
42
雍熙三年，改崇儀使。 詔與翟守素、田仁朗、王繼恩往河北，分路按行諸州城壘，發鎮兵葺之。 端拱二年，詔建河北方田，命延濬等五人共往規畫，會罷其務而止。 淳化四年，李順亂，改西京作坊使，充成都十州都巡檢使。 時成都將陷，延濬單騎入城，與郭載議募亡卒退保劍門，賊數千來躡其後，擊破之。 王繼恩率兵至，以延濬為先鋒壕砦使，即領兵倍道先進。 賊出探騎數十，延濬悉禽之，盡得賊機事。 延濬易旗變號，賊不知覺，斬關掩入，斬千餘級。 繼恩又請延濬知漢州，州經兵燹，廨舍、橋梁、城砦悉毀。 延濬募軍民葺之，又率州帑以應軍須。 錄功，改洛苑使。 又命率兵屯遂州，劍門鈐轄、轉運使劉錫言其勞，詔書嘉獎。 真宗初，改內園使。 代還，會河朔用兵，延濬馳往邊城，按視砦壘。 咸平二年，疾卒。 子有倫，為供奉官、閤門祗候。
In the third year of Yongxi he was made commissioner of Honored Rites. He was ordered with Zhai Shousu, Tian Renlang, and Wang Jien to go to Hebei, inspect prefectural fortifications by separate routes, and send garrison troops to repair them. In the second year of Duangong (989) he was one of five men sent to plan square fields in Hebei, but the project was abandoned before it began. In the fourth year of Chunhua (993), when Li Shun rebelled, he was made commissioner of the Western Capital workshop and metropolitan inspection commissioner of the ten Chengdu prefectures. When Chengdu was about to fall, Yanjun rode in alone, met with Guo Zai to recruit scattered troops and withdraw to Jianmen, and when several thousand rebels pursued them he defeated the pursuers. When Wang Jien arrived with his army, Yanjun was made vanguard trench commissioner and led the troops forward at forced march. The rebels sent out several dozen scouts; Yanjun captured them all and learned the enemy's plans in full. Yanjun changed flags and signals so the rebels did not notice, then stormed the pass by surprise and killed more than a thousand. Jien then asked that Yanjun govern Hanzhou, where war had destroyed government offices, bridges, and fortifications. Yanjun recruited soldiers and civilians to rebuild them and drew on the prefectural treasury to supply the army. His merit was recorded and he was made commissioner of the Luo Park. He was again ordered to garrison Suizhou with his troops. Liu Xi, military superintendent of Jianmen and transport commissioner, reported his exertions, and the court rewarded him with an edict of praise. Early in the reign of Emperor Zhenzong he was made commissioner of the Inner Garden. When he returned after being relieved, war broke out in Heshuo, and Yanjun hurried to the frontier to inspect fortifications. He died of illness in the second year of Xianping. His son Youlun served as tribute attendant and palace gate attendant.
43
從子延澤
Nephew: Yanze
44
延澤，字德潤，南唐試秘書省正字。 乾德中，四遷著作佐郎，轉殿中丞、知建州。 淳化二年，太宗聞延澤洎右讚善大夫董元亨皆好學，博通典籍，詔宰相召問經史大義，皆條對稱旨，命為史館檢討。 歷國子《周易》博士、國子博士。 咸平中求休退，授虞部員外郎致仕。 居濠州城南，有小園以自娛，其詠牡丹千餘首。 聚圖籍萬餘卷，手自刊校。 范杲、韓丕皆與之遊。 景德初卒。 元亨亦至虞部員外郎，嘗纘《玄門碑志》三十卷。
Yanze, whose style was Derun, had passed the Southern Tang examination for probationary orthographer in the Secretariat. During Qiande he rose through four promotions to assistant editorial director, then became palace director and administrator of Jianzhou. In the second year of Chunhua, Emperor Taizong learned that Yanze and Right Palatine Counselor Dong Yuanheng were both devoted to learning and widely read in the classics. He had the chief ministers question them on the classics and histories; both answered point by point to his satisfaction and were appointed revisers at the History Institute. He served in turn as Erudite of the Zhouyi and as Erudite at the Directorate of Education. During Xianping he asked to retire and was granted Vice Director of the Ministry of Works with permission to leave office. He lived south of Haozhou with a small garden for his amusement and wrote more than a thousand poems on peonies. He collected more than ten thousand scrolls of books and maps and collated them with his own hand. Fan Gao and Han Pi were among his companions. He died early in the Jingde era. Yuanheng also rose to Vice Director of the Ministry of Works and once compiled Records of Mysterious Gate Inscriptions in thirty scrolls.
45
趙延進
Zhao Yanjin
46
趙延進，澶州頓丘人。 父暉，周太子太師。 暉為偏將時，趙在禮據鄴。 延進頗親學，嘗與軍中少年入民家，競取財賄，延進獨持書數十編以歸，同輩哂之。
Zhao Yanjin was a native of Dunqiu in Cizhou. His father Hui was Grand Preceptor of the Heir Apparent under the Zhou dynasty. When Hui was still a subordinate general, Zhao Zaili held Ye. Yanjin was devoted to learning. Once he entered a civilian house with young soldiers who were all grabbing loot; he alone carried off several dozen bundles of books, and his companions laughed at him.
47
漢末，暉領鳳翔節度，未赴鎮，王景崇據城反，命暉為都招討使擊之。 延進年十八，屢當軍鋒。 景崇平，延進奉捷奏以入，授鳳翔牙內指揮使，領貴州刺史。 暉徙宋州，亦從為牙職，改領榮州刺史。 睢陽有盜數百，各立酋帥，為民患。 延進以父命，領牙兵千餘悉禽戮之，詔書褒美。 丁外艱，表求持服。 既終喪，周世宗征淮南，延進獻萬縑以助軍，仍請對，世宗召見之。 時延進有從兄為虎捷都虞候、帳前橫衝指揮使，世宗指延進語之曰：「爾弟拳勇有謀，將授以禁軍大校。」 延進自陳好讀書，不願也。 翌日，授右千牛衛將軍、濠州兵馬鈐轄，從征瓦橋關，為隨駕金吾街仗使。
Late in Later Han, Hui was appointed military governor of Fengxiang but had not yet taken up his post when Wang Jingchong rebelled and held the city. Hui was ordered to attack him as overall pacification commissioner. Yanjin was eighteen and repeatedly faced the enemy line. When Jingchong was subdued, Yanjin presented the victory report to court and was appointed inner yamen commander at Fengxiang and prefect of Guizhou. When Hui was transferred to Songzhou, Yanjin followed him on his staff and was made prefect of Rongzhou. Several hundred bandits at Suiyang had each set up a chieftain and plagued the people. At his father's order Yanjin led more than a thousand staff troops, captured the bandits, and executed them all. The court praised him in an edict. When his father died he petitioned to observe mourning. After mourning ended, when Emperor Shizong campaigned against Huainan, Yanjin presented ten thousand bolts of silk to aid the army and asked for an audience. The emperor received him. Yanjin's cousin was deputy commander of the Tiger Swift and commander of the Vanguard Charge before the tent. The emperor pointed to Yanjin and told him, "Your cousin is brave and resourceful. I mean to make him a senior colonel in the Imperial Guard." Yanjin declared that he preferred reading and did not wish for such a post. The next day he was made general of the Right Thousand-Ox Guard and military superintendent of Haozhou, joined the Wagong Pass campaign, and served as Golden Crow street guard attendant on the imperial progress.
48
宋初，遷右羽林軍將軍、濠州都監。 會伐蜀，以襄州當川路津要，命為鈐轄、同知州務。 蜀平，專領郡事。 漢江水歲壞堤，害民田，常興工修護，延進累石為岸，遂絕其患。 入為兩浙、漳泉國信使。 開寶二年，授右龍武將軍、知靈州，以母老願留，得權判右金吾街仗使，歷知河中府、梓、相、青三州。
Early in the Song dynasty he was made general of the Right Feathered Forest Army and overall supervisor of Haozhou. During the Shu campaign, because Xiangzhou guarded the vital Sichuan route, he was made military superintendent and concurrent administrator of the prefecture. After Shu was pacified he governed the prefecture alone. The Han River broke its dikes yearly and ruined farmland. Yanjin built stone embankments and ended the damage for good. He was recalled to serve as credentialed envoy to the Two Zhe and Zhang-Quan circuits. In the second year of Kaibao he was appointed general of the Right Dragon Martial Guard and administrator of Lingzhou, but because his mother was old he asked to stay nearer court and was given acting charge of the Right Golden Crow street guard. He later governed Hezhong and the prefectures of Zi, Xiang, and Qing.
49
太平興國中，大軍平并州，討幽薊，皆為攻城八作壕砦使。 嘗詔督造炮具八百，期以半月，延進八日成。 太宗親試之，大悅。 又令主城北諸洞子。 及班師，命與孟玄哲、藥可瓊留屯定州。 遼人擾邊，命延進與崔翰、李繼隆將兵八萬禦之，賜陣圖，分為八陣，俾以從事。 師次滿城，遼騎坌至，延進乘高望之，東西亙野，不見其際。 翰等方按圖布陣，陣去各百步，士眾疑懼，略無鬥志。 延進謂翰等曰：「主上委吾等以邊事，蓋期於克敵爾。 今敵眾若此，而我師星布，其勢懸絕，彼若持我，將何以濟？ 不如合而擊之，可以決勝。 違令而獲利，不猶愈於辱國乎？」 翰等曰：「萬一不捷，則若之何？」 延進曰：「倘有喪敗，則延進獨當其責。」 於是改為二陣，前後相副。 士眾皆喜，三戰，大破之，獲人馬、牛羊、鎧甲數十萬。 以功遷右監門衛大將軍、知鎮州。 及代，吏民數千守闕借留，詔許留一年。 俄改右領軍衛大將軍，出為高陽關、平戎軍都監兼緣邊巡檢，改鈐轄。 知揚州，召入，授右屯衛大將軍，徙知相州。 遷右驍衛大將軍，改知鄧州。 淳化初，飛蝗不入境，詔褒之。 還，判右金吾街仗事。 至道二年，拜右金吾衛大將軍。 咸平二年卒，年七十三，贈左武衛上將軍。
During Taiping Xingguo he served as siege-works and trench commissioner in the campaigns that pacified Bingzhou and attacked You and Ji. Once he was ordered to supervise eight hundred artillery pieces with a deadline of half a month; Yanjin finished them in eight days. Emperor Taizong tested them himself and was greatly pleased. He was also put in charge of the mining tunnels north of the city. When the army withdrew, he was ordered with Meng Xuanzhe and Yao Keqiong to remain at Dingzhou. When the Khitan raided the frontier, Yanjin was ordered with Cui Han and Li Jilong to command eighty thousand men against them. They were given battle diagrams arranged in eight formations and told to follow them. The army halted at Mancheng as Khitan horsemen poured in. Yanjin climbed a height to look out and saw them spread across the plain from east to west without end. Han and the others were deploying the formations from the diagrams, each a hundred paces apart. The troops were uneasy and had little heart to fight. Yanjin told Han and the others, "The emperor has entrusted us with the frontier because he expects us to defeat the enemy. The enemy is so numerous and our forces are scattered like stars. The odds are desperate. If they pin us down, how shall we succeed? We had better combine and strike them. That is how we can win. Disobeying orders yet winning profit—is that not better than shaming the state?" Han and the others said, "But if we fail, what then?" Yanjin said, "If we are defeated, I alone will bear the blame." They then formed two arrays, front and rear supporting each other. The troops took heart. In three engagements they won a crushing victory and seized hundreds of thousands of men, horses, cattle, sheep, and suits of armor. For his merit he was made grand general of the Right Gate Guard and administrator of Zhenzhou. When he was to be relieved, several thousand officials and commoners blocked the gate to ask that he stay. The court allowed him to remain one more year. He was soon made grand general of the Right Leading Army Guard and sent out as overall supervisor of Gaoyang Pass and Pingrong Army with concurrent frontier inspection, then as military superintendent. He governed Yangzhou, was recalled, made grand general of the Right Garrison Guard, and transferred to Xiangzhou. He was promoted to grand general of the Right Valiant Guard and made administrator of Dengzhou. Early in Chunhua, locust swarms did not enter his territory, and the court praised him in an edict. On returning to court he oversaw Right Golden Crow street guard affairs. In the second year of Zhidao he was appointed grand general of the Right Golden Crow Guard. He died in the second year of Xianping at the age of seventy-three and was posthumously granted upper general of the Left Martial Guard.
50
延進姿狀秀整，涉獵經史，好作詩什，士流以此多之。 延進妻即淑德皇后之妹，故在顯德、興國中，頗任以腹心。 子昂，太平興國二年登進士第，至戶部郎中、直昭文館。
Yanjin was handsome and well favored, widely read in the classics and histories, fond of poetry, and esteemed by literati for it. Yanjin's wife was the younger sister of Empress Shude, and during Xiande and the early Song years he was much trusted as an intimate counselor. His son Ang passed the jinshi examination in the second year of Taiping Xingguo and rose to director in the Ministry of Revenue and direct attendant of the Zhaowen Hall.
51
輔超，忻州秀容人，家世業農。 超少勇悍有力，晉開運中應募，隸澶州軍籍。 漢乾祐中，趙思綰據永興叛，周祖護諸將討之，督兵攻城。 超率驍勇十七人升雲梯，斫北門樓，樓壞而入，士卒繼進，城遂陷，以功補小校。 顯德中，從太祖征淮南，常執銳前驅，定滁、泗，破淮陰，下揚州，以功轉日騎副兵馬使。
Fu Chao was a native of Xiurong in Xinzhou from a farming family. From youth Chao was brave and powerfully built. During Kaiyun of Later Jin he enlisted and was entered on the rolls of the Cizhou army. During Qianyou of Later Han, Zhao Sixuan rebelled and held Yongxing. The Zhou founder led generals against him and directed the siege. Chao led seventeen picked men up a siege ladder, smashed the north gate tower, broke into the city, and was followed by the troops. The city fell, and he was made a junior officer for his merit. During Xiande he followed the future Emperor Taizu on the Huainan campaign, often leading the van with drawn weapons. He helped secure Chu and Si, storm Huaiyin, and take Yangzhou, and was made deputy horse-and-arms commissioner of the Daily Cavalry.
52
論曰：太祖有天下，凡五代之臣，無不以恩信結之，既以安其反側，亦借其威力，以鎮撫四方。 故一時諸將吳虔裕、蔡審廷之徒，數從征討，咸有勞績焉。 若馬令琮守河內，儲兵食以迎王師； 解暉擊湖南，冒鋒鏑以禽敵將：此忠藎驍果，尤可稱者。 漢徽之疾危辭藥，藏英之為親復仇，亦皆一節之美。 惟張勳嗜殺，晉卿冒貨，雖立威著勤，所不取也。
The commentators say: When the Taizu won the realm, he bound every minister of the Five Dynasties with grace and trust—both to steady those who might waver and to use their power to pacify the empire. Thus generals of the day such as Wu Qianyu and Cai Shenting followed repeated campaigns and all won merit. Ma Lingcong held Henei and stockpiled provisions for the imperial army; and Jie Hui in Hunan braved sword and arrow to capture an enemy general—these were acts of loyal, fierce valor especially worth praise. Hanhu's refusal of medicine when gravely ill and Cangying's vengeance for his kin were each admirable in their own way. Only Zhang Xun's bloodlust and Jinqing's corruption, though they won repute for sternness and diligence, are examples to be rejected.