1
李顯忠楊存中郭浩楊政
Li Xianzhong, Yang Cunzhong, Guo Hao, and Yang Zheng
2
李顯忠
Li Xianzhong
3
李顯忠，綏德軍青澗人也。 初名世輔，南歸，賜名顯忠。 由唐以來，世襲蘇尾九族巡檢。 初，其母當產，數日不能免，有僧過門曰：「所孕乃奇男子，當以劍、矢置母旁，即生。」 已而果生顯忠，立於蓐，鹹異之。
Li Xianzhong was a native of Qingjian in Suide Army. Originally named Shifu, he received the name Xianzhong when he came over to the Song. Since the Tang, his family had held the hereditary post of inspector over the nine clans of Suwei. When his mother was in labor she could not deliver for days; a monk at the door said, "You carry an extraordinary son—set a sword and arrows beside her and he will be born." Xianzhong was born as foretold and stood upright on the birthing mat—a marvel to everyone.
4
年十七，投效用，隨父永奇出入行陣。 金人犯鄜延，經略王庶命永奇募間者，得張琦； 更求一人，顯忠請行。 永奇曰：「汝未涉曆，行必累琦。」 顯忠曰：「顯忠年小，膽氣不小，必不累琦，當與琦俱。」 有敵人夜宿陶穴，顯忠縋穴中，得十七人，皆殺之，取首二級，馬二匹，余馬悉折其足。 庶大奇之，補承信郎，充隊將，由是始知名。 轉武翼郎，充副將。
At seventeen he enlisted and followed his father Yongqi through the ranks in campaign. When the Jin invaded Fuyan, Pacification Commissioner Wang Shu had Yongqi recruit scouts and found Zhang Qi; when a second man was needed, Xianzhong volunteered. Yongqi said, "You have no experience—you will only hold Qi back." Xianzhong replied, "I may be young, but my nerve is not—I will not burden Qi. I am going with him." Enemies were bivouacked in pottery caves; Xianzhong lowered himself in, killed all seventeen, took two heads and two horses, and lamed every other mount. Wang Shu was astonished, appointed him Chengxin Lang as platoon leader, and his name began to spread. He was promoted to Wuyi Lang and made deputy commander.
5
金人陷延安，授顯忠父子官。 永奇聚泣曰：「我宋臣也，世襲國恩，乃為彼用邪！」 會劉豫令顯忠帥馬軍赴東京，永奇密戒之曰：「汝若得乘機，即歸本朝，無以我故貳其志。 事成，我亦不朽矣。」 顯忠至東京，劉麟喜之，授南路鈐轄，乃密遣其客雷燦以蠟書赴行在。 已而豫廢，兀朮以萬騎馳獵淮上，與顯忠獨立馬圍場間。 顯忠戒吳俊往探淮水可度馬處，欲執兀朮歸朝。 俊還，顯忠馳問之，為竹刺傷馬而止。 兀朮授顯忠承宣使、知同州。
After the Jin captured Yan'an they gave father and son official posts. Yongqi gathered his kin and wept: "We are Song subjects who have enjoyed the dynasty's favor for generations—shall we serve the enemy?" When Liu Yu sent Xianzhong to lead cavalry to the Eastern Capital, Yongqi secretly urged him: "If you see your chance, return to the Song—do not let loyalty to me weaken your resolve. If you succeed, I too will live on in honor." At the Eastern Capital Liu Lin favored him and made him Southern Route Qianxia; he secretly sent his client Lei Can with a wax-sealed letter to the court. Liu Yu was soon deposed; Wuzhu rode ten thousand horses to hunt on the Huai, and he and Xianzhong stood alone together in the riding ring. Xianzhong sent Wu Jun to find a ford on the Huai, planning to seize Wuzhu and bring him back to the Song. When Jun returned, Xianzhong rode out to meet him, but a bamboo stake lamed his horse and the plan halted. Wuzhu made him Chengxuan Shi and prefect of Tongzhou.
6
顯忠至鄜省侍，永奇教顯忠曰：「同州入南山，乃金人往來驛路，汝可於此擒其酋，渡洛、渭，由商、虢歸朝。 第報我知，我當以兵取延安而歸。」 顯忠赴同州，即遣黃士成等持書由蜀至吳，報歸朝事。 元帥撒里曷來同州，顯忠以計執之，馳出城。 至洛河，舟船後期不得渡，與追騎屢戰，皆勝。 顯忠憩高原，望追騎益多，乃與撒里曷折箭為誓，不得殺同州人，不得害我骨肉，皆許之，遂推之下山崖，追兵爭救得免。 顯忠攜老幼長驅而北，至鄜城縣，急遣人告永奇。 永奇即挈家出城，至馬趐穀口，為金人所及，家屬二百口皆遇害。 是日，天昏大雪，延安人聞之皆泣下。
At Fu, Yongqi counseled him: "From Tongzhou into the southern hills runs the Jin courier road—seize their leader there, cross the Luo and Wei, and rejoin the Song through Shang and Guo. Send word when you are ready—I will raise troops and recover Yan'an." Xianzhong went to Tongzhou and sent Huang Shicheng and others through Shu and Wu with letters announcing his defection. When Marshal Salie came to Tongzhou, Xianzhong trapped him by ruse and bolted from the city. At the Luo the boats were late and he could not cross; he fought off pursuers again and again and always prevailed. On the heights, seeing pursuers multiply, he broke arrows with Salie, swearing not to kill Tongzhou people or harm his family; then he pushed Salie off the cliff—the Jin scrambled to save him and he lived. He drove north with the young and old to Fucheng and urgently sent word to Yongqi. Yongqi fled with his family but was caught at Magu Valley; two hundred relatives were slaughtered. That day the sky darkened and snow fell heavily; all Yan'an wept when they heard.
7
顯忠僅以二十六人奔夏國。 夏人問故。 顯忠泣，具言父母妻子之亡，切齒疾首，恨不即死，願得二十萬人生擒撒里曷，取陝西五路歸於夏，顯忠亦得報不共戴天之仇。 夏主曰：「爾能為立功，則不靳借兵。」 時有酋豪號「青面夜叉」者，久為夏國患，乃令顯忠圖之。 請三千騎，晝夜疾馳，奄至其帳，擒之以歸。 夏主大悅，即出二十萬騎，以文臣王樞、武臣𠼪訛為陝西招撫使，顯忠為延安招撫使，時紹興九年二月十四日也。
Xianzhong reached Xia territory with only twenty-six followers. The Xia asked his story. Weeping, he told how parents, wife, and children had perished; gnashing his teeth, he wished only to die—or to lead two hundred thousand men to seize Salie alive, deliver the five Shaanxi circuits to Xia, and settle his blood feud. The Xia emperor said, "Prove yourself in battle and I will not stint you troops." A chieftain called "Blue-faced Yaksha" had long troubled Xia, and the emperor sent Xianzhong against him. With three thousand horsemen he rode day and night, surprised the camp, and brought him back captive. Delighted, the Xia emperor sent two hundred thousand horsemen, with Wang Shu and Ce'e as Shaanxi pacification commissioners and Xianzhong as Yan'an commissioner—on the fourteenth day of the second month, Shaoxing year 9.
8
顯忠引兵至延安，總管趙惟清大呼曰：「鄜延路今復歸宋矣，已有赦書。」 顯忠與官吏觀赦書列拜，顯忠大哭，眾皆哭，百姓哭聲不絕。 乃以舊部八百餘騎往見王樞、𠼪訛，諭之曰：「顯忠已得延安府，見講和赦書，招撫可以本部軍歸國。」 𠼪訛不從，曰：「初，經略乞兵來取陝西。 今既到此，乃令我歸耶？」 顯忠知勢不可，乃出刀斫𠼪訛，不及，擒王樞縛之。 夏人以鐵鷂子軍來。 顯忠以所部拒之，馳揮雙刀，所向披靡，夏兵大潰，殺死蹂踐無慮萬人，獲馬四萬匹。 顯忠揭榜招兵，以「紹興九年」為文書。 每得一人，予馬一匹，旬日間得萬人，皆驍勇少壯。 又擒害其父母弟侄者，皆斬於東城之內。 行至鄜州，已有馬步軍四萬餘。 撒里曷在耀州，聞顯忠來，一夕遁去。
At Yan'an Superintendent Zhao Weiqing cried out, "Fuyan is Song again—an amnesty has arrived!" Xianzhong and the officials read the amnesty and bowed in ranks; he wept aloud, all wept, and the people's lament never ceased. With eight hundred veterans he visited Wang Shu and Ce'e: "I hold Yan'an and have seen the peace amnesty—you may return to the Song with your own troops." Ce'e refused: "The commissioner asked for troops to seize Shaanxi. Now that we are here, you order us home?" Seeing no agreement, he drew his sword at Ce'e but missed, seized Wang Shu, and bound him. The Xia sent the Iron Hawk corps. He met them with his troops, charging with twin blades; the Xia broke and fled—tens of thousands killed or trampled, forty thousand horses taken. He posted recruitment notices dated to Shaoxing year 9. Each recruit received a horse; in ten days he had ten thousand young warriors. He captured those who had killed his parents and kin and beheaded them in the eastern ward. By the time he reached Fu he commanded more than forty thousand horse and foot. Salie at Yaozhou fled overnight when he heard Xianzhong was coming.
9
四川宣撫吳玠遣張振來撫諭云：「兩國見議和好，不可生事，可量引軍赴行在。」 遂至河池縣見玠，玠撫之曰：「忠義歸朝，惟君第一。」 從行使臣崔皋等六百餘人列拜庭下，玠又撫之，犒以銀絹，詣行府受告敕、金帶，除指揮使、承宣使。 至行在，高宗撫勞再三，賜名加賚，又賜田鎮江，以崔皋輩充將佐。
Wu Jie of Sichuan sent Zhang Zhen with word: "The two courts are making peace—do not provoke trouble; bring your army to the capital when you can." At Hechi, Wu Jie received him: "Of all who have returned in loyalty, you stand first." Six hundred followers including Cui Gao bowed in the courtyard; Wu Jie rewarded them with silver and silk, and Xianzhong received patents and a gold belt as Zhihuishi and Chengxuan Shi. At court Gaozong praised him repeatedly, granted him a name and rich rewards, gave him land in Zhenjiang, and made Cui Gao and the rest his staff.
10
兀朮犯河南，命顯忠為招撫司前軍都統制，與李貴同破靈壁縣。 兀朮犯合肥，手詔以軍與張俊會。 顯忠至孔城鎮，與敵戰，敗之。 兀朮謂韓常曰：「李世輔歸宋，不曾立功，此人敢勇，宜且避之。」 乃焚廬江而走。 顯忠欲追之與死戰，俊以奉旨監護，慮失顯忠，遂各以軍還。
When Wuzhu invaded Henan he was made pacification vanguard commander and with Li Gui took Lingbi. When Wuzhu attacked Hefei, an autograph order sent his troops to join Zhang Jun. At Kongcheng he fought the enemy and routed them. Wuzhu told Han Chang, "Shifu never distinguished himself for Song, but this man is fearless—we should avoid him for now." He burned Lujiang and withdrew. Xianzhong wanted to pursue and fight to the finish, but Jun, under orders to protect him, feared losing him and both armies withdrew.
11
太后至臨安，顯忠入覲，加保信軍節度使、浙東副總管。 顯忠熟西邊山川險易，因上恢復策，忤秦檜意。 金使言顯忠私遣人過界，遂降官奉祠，台州居住。 復甯國軍節度使，升都統制。
When the empress dowager reached Lin'an he was received in audience and made military commissioner of Baoxin Army and deputy overall commander of eastern Zhejiang. Knowing the western terrain well, he submitted a recovery plan that offended Qin Hui. A Jin envoy accused him of sending agents across the border; he was demoted to temple service and sent to live in Taizhou. He was later restored as military commissioner of Ningguo Army and promoted to overall commander.
12
二十九年，金渝盟，詔顯忠以本部捍禦。 遣統制官韋永壽等以二百騎至安豐軍，與金將小韓將軍兵五千人戰于大人洲，敗之。 俄又增兵萬餘來，顯忠率騎軍出，自旦至午，氣百倍，以大刀斫敵陣，敵不能支，殺獲甚眾，掩入淮者不可計。
In year 29 the Jin broke the treaty and he was ordered to defend with his own troops. He sent Controller Wei Yongshou with two hundred horsemen to Anfeng; they defeated General Little Han's five thousand at Daren Islet. When over ten thousand more arrived he led the cavalry out from dawn to noon, spirit redoubled, hacking the enemy line with great blades until they broke; countless were killed or driven into the Huai.
13
金主亮犯淮西，朝廷命王權拒於合肥。 權退保和州，又棄軍渡江，和州失守。 金主親統細軍駐和之雞籠山，將濟採石。 朝廷詔以顯忠代權，命虞允文趣顯忠交軍，軍中大喜，於是有採石之捷，語在《允文傳》。 顯忠退軍沙上，得楊存中報：「車駕至平江，可速進兵。」 顯忠選銳士萬人渡江，盡復淮西州郡。 軍至橫山澗，與金射雕軍戰，統制頓遇重傷，韋永壽死之，敵兵敗走。 金主亮切責諸將不用命，諸將弑之而還。
When Emperor Liang of Jin invaded western Huai, the court ordered Wang Quan to hold Hefei. Quan fell back to Hezhou, then abandoned his army and crossed the Yangzi; Hezhou fell. The Jin emperor led elite troops to Jilong Mountain at He, preparing to cross at Caishi. The court replaced Quan with Xianzhong and sent Yu Yunwen to take command; the army rejoiced and won at Caishi—as told in Yunwen's biography. Withdrawn to the riverbank, he received word from Yang Cunzhong: "The emperor is at Pingjiang—advance at once." He chose ten thousand elite troops, crossed the Yangzi, and recovered every western Huai prefecture. At Hengshan Ravine they fought the Jin Eagle-shooters; Controller Dun Yu was gravely wounded and Wei Yongshou killed, but the enemy fled. Emperor Liang rebuked his generals for disobedience; they assassinated him and withdrew.
14
是役也，顯忠所將一萬九千八百六人行賞有差，張振功為最。 詔賜顯忠五子金帶。 授顯忠淮西制置使、京畿等處招討使，擢太尉、甯國軍節度使、主管侍衛馬軍司公事，赴行在。
After the campaign his 19,806 men received graded rewards; Zhang Zhen's service ranked highest. An edict awarded gold belts to his five sons. He was made Western Huai commissioner and pacification commissioner for the capital region, promoted to Grand Marshal and military commissioner of Ningguo Army, and put in charge of the Palace Guard Horse Bureau before returning to court.
15
孝宗即位，賜田百頃，兼權池州駐劄御前諸軍都統制，節制軍馬。 隆興元年，兼淮西招撫使。 時金主褒新立，山東、河北豪傑蜂起，耶律諸種兵數十萬據數郡之地，太行山忠義耿京、王世隆輩皆欲挈地還於朝。 金懼，亟請和。 顯忠陰結金統軍蕭琦為內應，請出師自宿、亳趨汴，由汴京以通關陝； 關陝既通，則鄜延一路熟知顯忠威名，必皆回應，且欲起其舊部曲，可得數萬人，以取河東。
When Xiaozong took the throne he received one hundred qing of land and was made acting overall commander of the imperial armies at Chizhou. In the first year of Longxing he was also made Western Huai pacification commissioner. The new Jin emperor Bao faced uprisings across Shandong and Hebei; Khitan forces in the tens of thousands held several prefectures; on the Taihang, loyalists Geng Jing and Wang Shilong sought to return their lands to the Song. Alarmed, the Jin urgently sued for peace. Xianzhong secretly won over Jin commander Xiao Qi as an inside ally and proposed marching from Su and Bo to Bian, then through Kaifeng to open the road to Shaanxi; once Shaanxi was linked, Fuyan—where his name still carried weight—would rally, and he could raise his old followers by the tens of thousands to seize Hedong.
16
時張浚開都督府，四月，命顯忠渡江督戰。 乃自濠梁渡淮，至陡溝，琦背約，用拐子馬來拒，與戰，敗之。 琦復背城列陣，顯忠躬率將士鏖戰，琦敗走，遂復靈壁，入城，宣佈德意，不戮一人，中原歸附者踵接。 時邵宏淵圍虹縣未下，顯忠遣靈壁降卒開諭禍福，金貴戚大周仁及蒲察徙穆皆出降。 宏淵恥功不自己出； 又有降千戶訴宏淵之卒奪其佩刀，顯忠立斬之，由是二將益不相能。
Zhang Jun had opened the Grand Marshal's office; in the fourth month Xianzhong was ordered across the Yangzi to direct operations. He crossed the Huai from Haoliang to Dougou; Qi broke faith and met him with hooked-horse carts, but Xianzhong defeated him. Qi made a stand at the walls; Xianzhong led the charge in person, routed him, retook Lingbi, entered the city proclaiming mercy without killing anyone—and the central plains submitted in waves. While Shao Hongyuan besieged Hong County without success, Xianzhong sent Lingbi defectors to preach surrender; the Jin prince Da Zhouren and Pucha Tumu submitted. Hongyuan resented that the credit was not his; when a surrendered chiliarch complained that Hongyuan's men had stolen his sword, Xianzhong executed the culprit on the spot—and the two generals grew still more hostile.
17
六月，兵傅宿州城，金人來拒，顯忠敗之，斬其左翼都統及首虜數千人，追奔二十餘里。 宏淵至，謂顯忠曰：「招撫真關西將軍也。」 顯忠閉營休士，為攻城計，宏淵等不從。 顯忠引麾下楊椿上城，開北門，不逾時拔其城。 宏淵等殿后，趣之，乃始渡濠登城。 城中巷戰，又斬首虜數千人，擒八十餘人，遂復宿州。 舉寄居官劉時攝州事。 捷聞，授顯忠開府儀同三司、殿前都指揮使，妻周氏封國夫人。 宏淵欲發倉庫犒士卒，顯忠不可，移軍出城，止以見錢犒士，士皆不悅。
In the sixth month he invested Suzhou; the Jin came out to fight and he routed them, beheading their left-wing commander and thousands of captives, pursuing twenty-odd li. When Hongyuan arrived he told Xianzhong, "Commissioner, you are a true Guanxi warrior." Xianzhong closed camp to rest his men and plan the assault; Hongyuan refused to wait. He led Yang Chun onto the walls, opened the north gate, and took the city in short order. Hongyuan's rearguard hurried forward and only then crossed the moat to enter. Street fighting followed; thousands more were killed or captured and over eighty taken prisoner—and Suzhou was restored. He recommended the guest official Liu Shi to administer the prefecture. When victory was reported, Xianzhong was made Grand Preceptor of the Palace with the Insignia of the Three Excellencies and commander-in-chief of the Palace Front, and his wife Lady Zhou was enfeoffed as state lady. Hongyuan wanted to open the granaries to reward the troops; Xianzhong refused, moved the army outside the walls, and paid them only from cash on hand—the men were unhappy.
18
金帥孛撒自南京率步騎十萬來，晨薄城，列大陣。 顯忠親帥軍遇于城南，戰數十合，孛撒大敗，遂退走。 統制李福、統領李保各以所部退避，皆斬以徇。 翼日，敵益兵至。 顯忠謂巨集淵並力夾擊，巨集淵按兵不動，顯忠獨與所部力戰百餘合，殺左翼都統及千戶、萬戶，斬首虜五千餘人。 俄增兵復來逼城，顯忠用克敵弓射卻之。
Jin commander Besa led one hundred thousand foot and horse from the Southern Capital at dawn against the city in great array. Xianzhong met them south of the city and after dozens of clashes routed Besa, who fled. Controllers Li Fu and Li Bao each pulled back with their units; both were beheaded as examples. The next day enemy reinforcements arrived. Xianzhong urged Hongyuan to attack from both flanks, but Hongyuan held back; Xianzhong alone fought over a hundred rounds, killing the left-wing commander and many officers and taking more than five thousand heads. When reinforcements pressed the city again, he drove them back with powerful bows.
19
宏淵顧眾曰：「當此盛夏，搖扇於清涼猶不堪，況烈日中被甲苦戰乎？」 人心遂搖，無鬥志。 至夜，中軍統制周宏鳴鼓大噪，陽謂敵兵至，與邵世雍、劉侁各以所部兵遁； 繼而統制左士淵、統領李彥孚亦遁。 顯忠移軍入城，殿司前軍統制張訓通、馬司統制張師顏、池州統制荔澤、建康統制張淵各遁去。
Hongyuan told the men, "In midsummer one can hardly bear a fan in the shade—how can we fight in armor under this sun?" Morale collapsed and the will to fight died. At night Controller Zhou Hong beat drums and shouted that the enemy was upon them; Shao Shiyong, Liu Shen, and others fled with their troops; then Controllers Zuo Shiyuan and Li Yanfu fled as well. Xianzhong withdrew into the city as Zhang Xuntong, Zhang Shiyan, Li Ze, and Zhang Yuan all deserted.
20
金人乘虛復來攻城，顯忠竭力捍禦，斬首虜二千餘人，積屍與羊馬牆平。 城東北角敵兵二十餘人已上百余步，顯忠取軍所執斧斫之，敵始退卻。 顯忠曰：「若使諸軍相與掎角，自城外掩擊，則敵兵可盡，金帥可擒，河南之地指日可復矣。」 宏淵又言：「金添生兵二十萬來，儻我軍不返，恐不測生變。」 顯忠知宏淵無固志，勢不可孤立，歎吒曰：「天未欲平中原耶？ 何沮撓若此！」 是舉，所喪軍資器械殆盡，幸而金不復南。 顯忠以軍還，見浚，納印待罪。 責授果州團練副使，潭州安置。 後朝廷知其故，移撫州。
The Jin exploited the opening and assaulted the city; Xianzhong held firm, killing more than two thousand—the dead heaped as high as the parapet. When twenty Jin had climbed the northeast wall, he seized an axe and drove them back. He said, "If the armies would strike together from outside, we could destroy the enemy, capture the Jin commander, and recover Henan in days." Hongyuan warned, "Two hundred thousand fresh Jin troops are coming—if we do not withdraw, disaster may follow." Knowing Hongyuan's faint heart and that he stood alone, Xianzhong sighed, "Does Heaven not want the central plains restored? Why such obstruction!" The campaign cost nearly all stores and arms; fortunately the Jin did not advance south again. He withdrew, saw Zhang Jun, and surrendered his seal to await punishment. He was demoted to deputy military training commissioner of Guozhou and exiled to Tanzhou. The court later learned the truth and moved him to Fuzhou.
21
乾道改元，乃還會稽，復防禦使，觀察使、浙東副總管，賜銀三萬兩，絹三萬匹，綿一萬兩。 提舉台州崇道觀。 召除威武軍節度使、左金吾衛上將軍，賜第京師。 上奇其狀貌魁傑，命繪像閣下。 復太尉。 乞祠，提舉興國宮，紹興府居住，歲賜米二千石。
In the first year of Qiandao he returned to Kuaiji, was restored as defense and observation commissioner and deputy overall commander of eastern Zhejiang, and granted thirty thousand taels of silver, thirty thousand bolts of silk, and ten thousand taels of cotton. He was made director of the Chongdao Abbey in Taizhou. He was summoned as military commissioner of Weiwu Army and upper general of the Left Golden Crow Guard and given a house in the capital. The emperor admired his imposing frame and ordered his portrait hung in the hall. He was again made Grand Marshal. He sought temple service, was made director of the Xingguo Palace, lived in Shaoxing, and received two thousand shi of grain yearly.
22
淳熙四年，召赴行在，提舉萬壽觀，奉朝請。 入見，給真奉，賜內庫金，再葺前所賜第賜之，七月卒，年六十九。 贈開府儀同三司，諡忠襄。
In Chunxi year 4 he was summoned to court, made director of the Wanshou Abbey, and granted attendance. At audience he received salary and inner treasury gold; his former house was rebuilt and given again; he died in the seventh month at sixty-nine. Posthumously he was made Grand Preceptor of the Palace with the Insignia of the Three Excellencies with the posthumous title Zhongxiang.
23
楊存中
Yang Cunzhong
24
楊存中，本名沂中，字正甫，紹興間賜名存中，代州崞縣人。 祖宗閔，永興軍路總管，與唐重同守永興，金人陷城，迎戰死之。 父震，知麟州建甯砦，金人來攻，亦死於難。
Yang Cunzhong, originally Yizhong, courtesy name Zhengfu, received the name Cunzhong under Shaoxing; he was from Guo County in Daizhou. His ancestor Min was overall commander of Yongxing Circuit; with Tang Chong he defended Yongxing and died when the city fell. His father Zhen governed Lin Prefecture and Jianning Stockade and died when the Jin attacked.
25
存中魁梧沈鷙，少警敏，誦書數百言，力能絕人。 慨然語人曰：「大丈夫當以武功取富貴，焉用俯首為腐儒哉！」 於是學孫、吳法，善射騎。 宣和末，山東、河北群盜四起，存中應募擊賊，積功至忠翊郎。
Cunzhong was tall, imposing, and taciturn, sharp from youth, able to recite hundreds of words and stronger than other men. He declared, "A great man wins wealth and honor by arms—why become a pedantic scholar?" He studied Sunzi and Wuzi and mastered archery and horsemanship. At the end of Xuanhe he enlisted against bandits in Shandong and Hebei and rose to Zhongyi Lang.
26
建炎二年，討賊徐明於嘉興，先登。 主帥將屠城，存中力諫止之，戮其渠魁而已，郡賴以全。 遷榮州刺史。 高宗南渡，以勝捷軍從張俊守吳門； 苗、劉之變，又從俊赴難。 遷貴州團練使，尋為御前右軍統領。 金人攻明州，又從俊與田師中、趙密殊死戰，破之。 以奇功遷文州防禦使、御前中軍統制。
In Jianyan year 2 he attacked Xu Ming at Jiaxing and was first over the wall. When the commander meant to massacre the city, Cunzhong stopped him and killed only the ringleaders, saving the prefecture. He was made prefect of Rongzhou. When Gaozong crossed south he followed Zhang Jun with the Shengjie Army to defend Wu; in the Miao-Liu mutiny he again followed Jun into danger. He became military training commissioner of Guizhou and soon commander of the Imperial Front Right Army. When the Jin attacked Mingzhou he fought to the death with Jun, Tian Shizhong, and Zhao Mi and won. For extraordinary merit he was made defense commissioner of Wenzhou and commander of the Imperial Front Central Army.
27
紹興元年，從俊討李成。 諸將議，多欲分道進，存中曰：「賊勢如此，兵分則力弱，又諸將位均勢敵，非招討督之，必不相為用。」 俊然之。 整軍至豫章，存中率兵數千，首破賊於玉隆觀，追至筠州。 賊驍將以眾十萬來援，夾河而營。 存中謂俊曰：「彼眾我寡，擊之當用奇，願以騎見屬，公以步兵居前。」 俊從之。 存中夜銜枚渡筠河，出西山，馳下擊賊，俊以步兵夾攻，俘八千人。 諸將夜見存中曰：「戰未休，降卒多，忽有變，奈何？ 非盡殲之不可。」 存中曰：「殺降吾不忍。」 諸將轉告俊，竟夜坑之。 乘勝追至九江，成遂遁去。 遷宣州觀察使。
In the first year of Shaoxing he followed Jun against Li Cheng. Generals wanted to split forces; Cunzhong said, "With bandits this strong, division weakens us—and equals will not cooperate without the pacification commissioner." Jun agreed. At Yuzhang, Cunzhong led several thousand men to break the bandits at Yulong Abbey and pursued to Junzhou. A fierce bandit general brought one hundred thousand reinforcements and camped on both banks of the river. He told Jun, "They outnumber us—we need a stratagem. Give me the cavalry and advance the foot in front." Jun agreed. At night he crossed the Jun River silently, swept down from the western hills, and with Jun's foot on both flanks took eight thousand prisoners. Generals said at night, "The battle is not over and prisoners are many—if they revolt, what then? They must all be killed." Cunzhong said, "I cannot bear to kill prisoners." The generals told Jun, who had them buried alive that night. Pursuing to Jiujiang, they drove Cheng off. He was made observation commissioner of Xuanzhou.
28
二年春，進神武中軍統制，宰相呂頤浩袖敕以授存中。 俊奏留存中軍中，上曰：「宿衛乏帥，朕所選，為不可易也。」 存中亦固辭，且謂：「神武諸帥如韓世忠、張俊，皆貴擁旄鉞，名望至重，如臣麼麼，一旦位與之抗，實不自安。」 不許，遣中使宣押，乃視事。 兼提舉宿衛親兵。 時中軍卒不滿五千，疲癃者居半。 存中請拘神武卒借出於外者歸軍中，由是軍政浸修。
In spring of year 2 he was made commander of the Divine Martial Central Army; Chancellor Lü Yigao handed him the edict from his sleeve. Jun asked to keep him; the emperor said, "The palace guard lacks a commander—my choice stands." Cunzhong declined, saying commanders like Han and Zhang outranked him and sudden equality unsettled him. Refused, an inner envoy announced his appointment, and he took office. He was also made director of the palace guard personal troops. The central army had fewer than five thousand, half unfit for service. He recalled lent-out troops and gradually restored discipline.
29
三年，嚴州妖賊繆羅據白馬源，殺王官，存中討平之。 除帶禦器械，加保信軍承宣使、權發遣鄜延路馬步軍副總管。
In year 3 he suppressed Miao Luo, who held Baima Pass in Yanzhou and had killed officials. He was made bearer of the imperial arms, Chengxuan Shi of Baoxin Army, and acting deputy overall commander of Fuyan.
30
六年，為龍神衛四廂都指揮使、密州觀察使。 先是，張浚視師，謀渡淮以圖劉豫，倚韓世忠為用。 世忠圍淮陽，從浚乞張俊將趙密為助，俊拒之。 趙鼎語浚曰：「世忠所欲者趙密爾，存中武勇，不減於密，盍令存中助之。」 浚請於朝，故有是命。 於是存中以八隊萬人，趨督府助世忠。
In year 6 he commanded the four wings of the Dragon Divine Guard and was observation commissioner of Mizhou. Earlier Zhang Jun had planned to cross the Huai against Liu Yu, relying on Han Shizhong. Shizhong besieged Huaiyang and asked Jun for Zhao Mi; Jun refused. Zhao Ding told Jun, "Shizhong wants Zhao Mi—Cunzhong is his equal; send Cunzhong instead." Jun so requested, and the appointment followed. Cunzhong took eight companies—ten thousand men—to aid Shizhong.
31
十月，存中與劉猊戰於藕塘，大破之。 猊之初入也，淮西宣撫使劉光世欲棄廬州，退保太平。 賊眾十萬已次濠、壽間，浚命張俊拒之，使存中往泗州與俊合。 及至泗，則光世已舍廬去。 浚遣人諭之曰：「一人渡江，即斬以狥。」 光世不得已還廬駐兵，與存中相應。 賊先犯定遠縣，存中以兵二千襲敗於越家坊。 既而與猊兵遇藕塘，賊據山列陣，矢下如雨。 存中急擊之，且使統制吳錫以勁騎五千突其陣。 陣亂，存中鼓大軍乘之，自以精騎沖其肋，大呼曰：「破賊矣！」 賊錯愕駭視。 前軍統制張宗顏自泗來，乘背擊之，賊大敗。 猊以首抵謀主李愕曰：「適見髯將軍，銳不可當，果楊殿前也。」 即以數騎遁去。 餘黨萬人僵立失措，存中躍馬叱之，皆怖而降。 麟在順昌，孔彥舟方圍光州，聞之皆拔砦遁去，北方大恐。 所得賊舟數百艘，車數千兩。
In the tenth month he routed Liu Ni at Outang. When Ni invaded, Liu Guangshi wanted to abandon Luzhou for Taiping. One hundred thousand bandits stood between Hao and Shou; Jun sent Zhang Jun to resist and Cunzhong to Sizhou. At Sizhou he found Guangshi had already left Luzhou. Jun warned, "Whoever crosses the river will be beheaded." Guangshi returned to Luzhou and coordinated with Cunzhong. They attacked Dingyuan; Cunzhong with two thousand ambushed them at Yuejia Lane. At Outang the bandits held the heights; arrows fell like rain. Cunzhong attacked and sent Wu Xi with five thousand elite horse to break the line. The line broke; he led the main force in, charged the flank with elite horse, and shouted, "The bandits are broken!" The bandits stared in dismay. Zhang Zongyan came from Si and struck their rear; they were routed. Ni told his strategist Li E, "That bearded general is Yang of the Palace Front—unstoppable." He fled with a few horsemen. Ten thousand survivors stood frozen; Cunzhong rode among them shouting, and all surrendered. Lin at Shunchang and Kong Yanzou at Guangzhou both fled; the north was alarmed. They captured hundreds of boats and thousands of carts.
32
捷聞，帝遣中使勞賜，謂宰執曰：「卿輩始知朕得人也。」 除保成軍節度使、殿前都虞候尋兼領馬步帥。 存中奏：「祖宗置三衙，鼎列相制，今令臣獨總，非故事也。」 不允。 七年，為淮南西路制置使，將以撫定酈瓊諸軍，不果行，語在《王德傳》。 九年，遷殿前副都指揮使。
On victory the emperor sent rewards and told his ministers, "Now you see I have found my man." He was made military commissioner of Baocheng Army and deputy commander-in-chief of the Palace Front, soon commanding horse and foot together. He memorialized that the three barracks were meant to check one another and sole command broke precedent. The request was denied. In year 7 he was made Western Huai-An commissioner to pacify Li Qiong's forces, but did not go—as told in Wang De's biography. In year 9 he became deputy commander-in-chief of the Palace Front.
33
十年，金人叛盟取河南，命存中為淮北宣撫副使，引兵至宿州，以步軍退屯於泗。 金人詭令來告敵騎數百屯柳子鎮。 存中欲即擊之，或以為不可，存中不聽。 留王滋、蕭保以千騎守宿，自將五百騎夜襲柳子鎮，黎明，不見敵而還。 金人以精兵伏歸路，存中知之，遂橫奔而潰。 參議官曹勳不知存中存亡，以聞，朝廷震恐，於是有權宜退保之命。 既而存中自壽春渡淮歸泗，人心始安。 冬，引兵還行在。
In year 10 the Jin broke the treaty and took Henan; Cunzhong was made deputy north Huai pacification commissioner, advanced to Suzhou, then withdrew the foot to Si. The Jin sent a false report that several hundred enemy horse were at Liuzi Town. Cunzhong wanted to attack immediately; others dissuaded him, but he would not listen. He left Wang Zi and Xiao Bao with one thousand horse at Suzhou and led five hundred in a night raid on Liuzi; at dawn he found no enemy and returned. The Jin had ambushed the return route; knowing this, he broke and fled. Cao Xun reported Cunzhong's fate unknown; the court panicked and ordered a precautionary withdrawal. Soon he crossed the Huai from Shouchun to Si and calm returned. In winter he returned to court with the army.
34
十一年，兀朮恥順昌之敗，復謀來侵。 詔大合兵於淮西以待之。 於是存中以殿司兵三萬卒戍淮，與金人戰於柘皋，敗之。 時張俊為宣撫使，存中為副使，劉錡為判官，王德為都統制，田師中、張子蓋為統制官。 金人以拐子馬翼進，存中曰：「敵恃弓矢，吾有以屈之。」 使萬人操長斧，如牆而進，諸軍鼓噪奮擊，金人大敗，退屯紫金山。 是役也，失將士九百人，金人死者以萬計，而濠圍猶未解。
In year 11 Wuzhu, shamed by Shunchang, plotted another invasion. The court massed troops in western Huai to meet them. Cunzhong garrisoned the Huai with thirty thousand Palace Front troops and defeated the Jin at Zhegao. Zhang Jun was pacification commissioner, Cunzhong deputy, Liu Qi judge, Wang De overall commander, with Tian Shizhong and Zhang Zigai as controllers. The Jin advanced with hooked-horse carts on the wings; Cunzhong said, "They rely on bows—we can break them." He sent ten thousand men with long axes forward like a wall; the armies shouted and charged; the Jin were routed to Purple Gold Mountain. Nine hundred Song troops fell; Jin dead numbered in the tens of thousands, but Hao remained besieged.
35
俊與存中、錡先議班師。 會有雲濠路已通者，俊謂錡曰：「吾欲與楊太尉耀兵淮上，安撫濠梁之民，取宣化歸金陵，楊太尉則渡瓜洲還臨安。」 明日，命二帥行。 諜報金攻濠甚急，倉皇復回，邀錡會於黃連埠，距濠六十里，聞城陷矣，召存中、錡謀之。 錡謂存中：「何以處此？」 存中曰：「戰爾，相公與太尉在後，存中當居前。」 錡曰：「本來救濠，濠既已失，進無所依，人懷歸心，勝氣已索，此危道也。 不若退師據險，俟其去，為後圖。」 諸將皆曰：「善。」 鼎足而營，遣人俟敵，曰：「已去矣。」 俊自以為功，謂錡毋往，命存中與德偕至濠。 列陣未定，煙起城中，金人伏騎萬餘分兩翼出。 存中顧德曰：「何如？」 德曰：「德小將，焉敢預事？」 存中以策麾軍曰：「那回！」 諸軍以為令其走也，遂散亂南奔，無復紀律，金人追殺甚眾。 後一日，韓世忠大軍至，已無及矣。 存中乃自宣化渡江歸行在。 加檢校少保、開府儀同三司兼領殿前都指揮使，蓋錄柘皋之功而掩濠梁之敗也。
Jun, Cunzhong, and Qi first discussed withdrawal. Hearing the Yun-Hao route was open, Jun told Qi he would display forces on the Huai with Yang, reassure Hao and Liang, take Xuanhua for Jinling, while Yang returned via Guazhou. The next day both commanders marched. Spies reported Hao under heavy attack; they turned back in panic, met Qi sixty li from Hao, learned the city had fallen, and called Cunzhong and Qi to counsel. Qi asked Cunzhong, "What now?" Cunzhong said, "Fight! You and the Grand Marshal hold the rear—I take the front." Qi said, "We came to save Hao; it is lost; the men want to go home and spirit is gone—this is perilous. Better withdraw to strong ground, wait for them to leave, and plan again." All agreed. They camped in three divisions and scouts reported the enemy had gone. Jun claimed credit and told Qi to stay, sending Cunzhong and De to Hao. Before the line was formed, smoke rose in the city and over ten thousand Jin horse burst out on both wings. Cunzhong turned to De: "What now?" De said, "I am a petty officer—how dare I advise?" Cunzhong waved his whip shouting, "Press back!" The troops thought he ordered retreat and fled south in chaos; the Jin pursued and killed many. Next day Han Shizhong arrived—too late. Cunzhong crossed from Xuanhua to court. He was promoted to Junior Guardian and Grand Preceptor with the Palace Front command—crediting Zhegao while masking the Hao disaster.
36
十二年，徽宗梓宮攢永固陵，命存中都護。 竣事，拜少傅，以保傅為管軍自存中始。 十四年，存中請詣太學謁先聖，帝曰：「學校既興，武人亦知崇尚，如漢羽林士皆通《孝經》，況其他乎？」 二十年，封恭國公。 二十八年，拜少師，恩數視樞密使。 存中以凡重地皆有統制官，獨荊、襄無之，請於朝，於是荊南、襄陽初置諸統制。
In year 12 he escorted Huizong's coffin to Yonggu. When done he was made Junior Tutor—the first guardian-tutor army commander was Cunzhong. In year 14 he asked to worship at the Imperial Academy; the emperor praised soldiers studying classics as Han guards had. In year 20 he was made Duke of Gong. In year 28 he was Junior Preceptor with privileges equal to the Bureau of Military Affairs. He noted Jing and Xiang lacked controllers and secured their establishment.
37
存中在殿嚴凡二十五載，權寵日盛，太常寺主簿李浩、敕令所刪定官陸游、司封員外郎王十朋、殿中侍御史陳俊卿相繼以為言。 三十一年，罷為太傅、醴泉觀使，進封同安郡王，賜玉帶，朝朔望。
For twenty-five years in the palace guard his power grew; Li Hao, Lu You, Wang Shipeng, and Chen Junqing criticized him in turn. In year 31 he was dismissed as Grand Tutor and Liquan director, made Prince of Tong'an with a jade belt.
38
時金主亮有南侵意，存中上備敵十策。 步帥趙密謀奪存中權，因指為喜功生事。 存中聞之，上章乞免，密竟代之。 未幾，邊聲日急，九月，詔存中為禦營宿衛使。 劉汜戰敗於瓜洲，命存中往京口，為守江計。 虞允文自採石來會，存中與之協力拒敵。 敵不能濟。 金主亮死，與允文輕舟渡江以伺敵。 及金人請和，存中奏俟彼得新主之命，無遽許之。
When Emperor Liang planned invasion, Cunzhong submitted ten defense strategies. Zhao Mi plotted to replace him, accusing him of reckless ambition. Cunzhong begged dismissal; Mi replaced him. Soon the frontier alarmed; in the ninth month he was made Imperial Camp guard director. After Liu Fan's defeat at Guazhou, he was sent to Jingkou to defend the river. Yu Yunwen came from Caishi; together they held the enemy. The enemy could not cross. When Emperor Liang died, he and Yunwen crossed in light boats to scout. When the Jin sought peace, he urged waiting for their new ruler's orders.
39
帝如建康，詔存中扈蹕，因語宰相曰：「楊存中唯命東西，忠無與二，朕之郭子儀也。」 金使復請和，存中請拘之江口，移書審問，若能歸我族屬，還舊壤，損歲幣，復白溝之界，以通兄弟之好，如是則和議可從； 不然，請斬其使，亟圖恢復。 會駕還，以存中為江、淮、荊、襄路宣撫使，給、舍不書黃，命遂寢。 未幾，仍奉祠。
At Jiankang the emperor called him his Guo Ziyi, second to none in loyalty. When the Jin envoy came again, he proposed detaining him and demanding return of kin, old lands, reduced tribute, and the Baigou border—or execute the envoy and recover by force. Otherwise behead the envoy and fight. On the emperor's return he was named pacification commissioner for Jiang, Huai, Jing, and Xiang, but the order lapsed without yellow draft. Soon he was again granted temple service.
40
未幾，金人復攻淮甸，詔存中同都督江、淮事。 湯思退罷，升都督，陛辭，賜坐，賜玉鞍勒。 時諸軍各守分地，不相統一，存中集諸將調護之。 於是始更相為援。 帝親劄賜之曰：「諸帥協和，互相策應，卿之力也。」 會金兵已深入，朝議欲舍淮保江，存中持不可，乃已。 金兵在揚州，或勸存中擊之。 存中不敢渡，獨臨江固壘以老之。
Soon the Jin attacked the Huai again; he was ordered to direct Jiang and Huai jointly. When Tang Situi fell, he became grand coordinator and received a jade saddle at audience. Armies held separate sectors; he gathered generals to coordinate. Only then did mutual support begin. The emperor wrote, "Commanders now cooperate—your doing." When court opinion favored abandoning the Huai for the river, he objected and stopped it. With Jin at Yangzhou, some urged attack. He dared not cross, only strengthened river defenses to wear them down.
41
存中天資忠孝敢勇，大小二百余戰，身被五十餘創。 宿衛出入四十年，最寡過。 孝宗以為舊臣，尤禮異之，常呼郡王而不名。 父、祖及母皆死難，存中既顯，請于朝，宗閔諡忠介，震諡忠毅，賜廟曰顯忠，曰報忠。 又以家廟、祭器為請，遂許祭五世，前所無也。 祖母劉流落蜀、隴，存中日夜禱祠訪問，間關數千里，卒迎以歸。 禦軍寬而有紀，所用將士，專以才勇選，不私部曲之舊。 李顯忠以罪斥，存中奏為統制官，後為名將。 嘗以克敵弓雖勁而蹶張難，遂以意創馬皇弩，思巧制工，發易中遠，人服其精。 嘗營居鳳山，十年而就，極山川之勝，後獻於朝廷，更築室焉。 又葺園亭於湖山之間，高宗為書「水月」二字。 所居建閣以藏禦書，孝宗題曰「風雲慶會之閣」。
Loyal, filial, and brave, he fought over two hundred battles and took fifty wounds. Forty years in the palace guard, he had the fewest faults. Xiaozong honored him as an old minister and called him Prince of the Commandery without his name. He secured posthumous titles Zhongjie and Zhongyi for his forebears and temples named Xianzhong and Baozhong. He won permission for a family temple and five-generation sacrifice—unprecedented. He searched thousands of li and brought home his grandmother Liu from Shu. He commanded with discipline, choosing officers for talent, not old ties. He restored Li Xianzhong as controller; Li later became a famous general. He devised the Horse Emperor crossbow—easy to draw, far-reaching, and admired. He built on Phoenix Mountain for ten years, gave it to the court, and built anew. He restored lakeside gardens; Gaozong wrote "Water Moon" for him. He built a pavilion for imperial writings; Xiaozong titled it "Wind and Clouds in Joyous Meeting."
42
子，偰工部侍郎； 倓簽書樞密院事、昭慶軍節度使。
His son Yi was vice minister of Works; Tan was signing officer of the Bureau of Military Affairs and military commissioner of Zhaoqing Army.
43
郭浩，字充道，德順軍隴幹人。 父任三班奉職。 徽宗時，充環慶路第五將部將，嘗率百騎抵靈州城下，夏人以千騎追之，浩手斬二騎，以首還。 充渭州兵馬都監。 從種師道進築葺平砦，敵據塞水源，以渴我師，浩率精騎數百奪之。 敵攻石尖山，浩冒陣而前，流矢中左肋，怒不拔，奮力大呼，得賊乃已； 諸軍從之，敵遁去，由是知名。 累遷中州刺史。
Guo Hao, courtesy name Chongdao, was from Longgan in Dejun Army. His father Ren was a third-rank attendant. Under Huizong he led one hundred horse to Lingzhou; pursued by one thousand Xia horse, he cut down two and returned with their heads. He was military supervisor of Weizhou. Building Qiping Stockade with Zhong Shidao, he seized the pass water source from the enemy. At Shijian Mountain an arrow struck his left rib; he left it in and fought until he had the enemy; the armies followed and routed the enemy; his fame began. He rose to prefect of Zhongzhou.
44
欽宗即位，進安州團練使。 以種師道薦，召對，奏言：「金人暴露，日久思歸。 乞給輕兵間道馳滑台，時其半度，可擊也。」 會和戰異議，不能用。 帝問西事，浩曰：「臣在任已聞警，慮夏人必乘間盜邊，願選將設備。」 已而果攻涇原路，取西安州、懷德軍。 紹聖開拓之地，復盡失之。 種師中制置河東，辟以自隨。
Under Qinzong he was military training commissioner of Anzhou. Summoned on Zhong Shidao's recommendation, he urged striking the Jin when half had crossed at Huatai. Peace and war were disputed, and his plan was not adopted. Asked about the west, he said he had feared Xia raids and urged preparation. The Xia indeed attacked Jingyuan and took Xi'an and Huaide. Shaosheng frontier gains were lost again. Zhong Shizhong took him on his Hedong staff. Zhong Shizhong took him on his Hedong staff.
45
建炎元年，知原州。 二年，金人取長安，涇州守臣夏大節棄城遁，郡人亦降。 浩適夜半至郡，所將財二百人，得金人不殺，使之還，曰：「為語汝將曰，我郭浩也，欲戰即來決戰。」 金人遂引去。 升本路兵馬鈐轄、知涇州、權主管鄜延路經略安撫。
In the first year of Jianyan he was prefect of Yuanzhou. In year 2 the Jin took Chang'an; Jingzhou's defender fled and the prefecture surrendered. At midnight he arrived with two hundred men; the Jin spared them to say, "Tell your commander: I am Guo Hao—come fight if you will." The Jin withdrew. He was made circuit Qianxia, Jingzhou prefect, and acting Fuyan pacification director.
46
時二敵交侵，鄜延之東皆金人，西北即夏境，其屬朝廷者惟保安一軍、德靜一砦。 浩間道之德靜，置司招收散亡，與敵對壘，一年，敵不能犯。 再除涇原路兵馬鈐轄、知涇州。 浩去，夏人復來，權帥耿友諒僅以身免，一路盡陷。
Both enemies invaded; east of Fuyan was Jin, northwest Xia; only Bao'an Army and Dejing Stockade remained to the court. Taking a detour to Dejing, he set up a bureau to gather stragglers and faced the enemy in entrenched camps; for a year they could not break him. He was again made Jingyuan circuit Qianxia and Jingzhou prefect. After he left, the Xia returned; acting commander Geng Youliang barely escaped, and the entire circuit was lost.
47
張浚為宣撫處置使，以浩為秦鳳路提點刑獄、權經略使、知秦州。 時浚經略陝西，有言敵可討者，浚意向之。 諸帥恥于不武，莫敢出言。 浚檄五路帥悉所部兵會于富平，浩獨謂敵鋒方銳，且當分守其地，掎角相援，俟釁而動。 浚不聽，師出果敗，五路俱陷，帥府皆徙置他所。 浚復以浩舊官移知鳳翔府，寓治寶雞縣，又退保和尚原。 金人抵原下，浩與吳玠隨方捍禦，蜀以安全。 第功，遷正任防禦使。
Zhang Jun, as Pacification Commissioner, made him Qin-Feng judicial intendant, acting pacification commissioner, and Qinzhou prefect. While Jun directed Shaanxi, some urged attacking the enemy, and he was inclined to agree. The generals, ashamed to seem cowardly, dared not object. Jun summoned the five-circuit commanders to Fuiping; Hao alone argued the enemy was still sharp, that they should hold their posts in mutual support, and strike only when a gap appeared. Jun refused; the army marched out and was crushed; all five circuits fell and command posts were moved elsewhere. Jun restored his former rank and moved him to Fengxiang, administering from Baoji, then fell back to Heshang Plains. When the Jin reached the plains, he and Wu Jie defended wherever needed, and Shu stayed safe. For merit he received a regular appointment as Defender-in-chief.
48
金州殘弊特甚，戶口無幾，浩招輯流亡，開營田，以其規置頒示諸路。 他軍以匱急仰給朝廷，浩獨積贏錢十萬緡以助戶部，朝廷嘉之，凡有奏請，得以直達。 九年，改金、洋、房州節制。
Jinzhou was ruinously depopulated; he gathered refugees, opened military farms, and published his system to other circuits. Other armies begged the court for funds; he alone amassed a surplus of 100,000 strings for the Ministry of Revenue, won praise, and his memorials went directly to the throne. In year 9 he was made commander of Jin, Yang, and Fang prefectures.
49
金人還河南地，以浩為龍、神衛四廂都指揮使，充陝西宣諭使、知金州。 樓炤行關中，辟浩樞密院都統制、節制陝西軍馬。 十年，拜奉國軍節度使。 五路陷，徙知夔州，未行，移知金州，仍永興路經略安撫使、節制陝西河東兼措置河東路忠義軍馬。 十一年，金人內侵，宣撫使胡世將召浩及吳璘、楊政會仙人原，授以攻取之策。 浩遺裨將設伏破之。
When the Jin returned Henan, he became Dragon and Spirit Guard commander, Shaanxi envoy, and Jinzhou prefect. Lou Zhao, touring Guanzhong, appointed him Bureau Director-in-chief and commander of Shaanxi forces. In year 10 he was made Fengguo military commissioner. After the five circuits fell he was posted to Kuizhou, then reassigned to Jinzhou before leaving, still Yongxing pacification commissioner, commanding Shaanxi and Hedong and organizing Hedong loyalist troops. In year 11 the Jin invaded inland; Pacification Commissioner Hu Shijiang summoned Hao, Wu Lin, and Yang Zheng to Xianren Plains with plans to strike back. Hao sent a lieutenant with an ambush and routed them.
50
十四年，召見，拜檢校少保，還鎮，賜以禦府金器、繡鞍，仍官一子文資，賜田五十頃。 浩辭曰：「臣父子起身行陣，不敢忘本，願還文資。」 帝嘉其意，別與一子閣職。 是歲，分利州為東西兩路，以浩為金房開達州經略安撫使兼知金州、樞密院都統制，屯金州，仍建帥府。 十五年，卒，年五十九。 贈檢校少帥，諡恭毅。 淳熙元年，賜立廟金州。
In year 14 he was summoned, made Junior Guardian, and returned to command with imperial gold, an embroidered saddle, a civil post for one son, and fifty qing of land. Hao declined: "My father and I rose from the ranks and dare not forget our origins; please take back the civil post." The Emperor approved and gave another son a palace appointment instead. That year Lizhou was split east and west; he became pacification commissioner of Jin, Fang, and Kaida, Jinzhou prefect, and Bureau Director-in-chief, garrisoned at Jinzhou with a new headquarters. In year 15 he died at fifty-nine. Posthumously he was made Junior Marshal with the posthumous name Respectful and Resolute. In the first year of Chunxi a temple was established for him at Jinzhou.
51
楊政，字直夫，原州臨涇人。 崇甯三年，夏人舉國大入，父忠戰歿，政甫七歲，哀號如成人。 其母奇之，曰：「孝於親者必忠於君，此兒其大吾門乎？」 宣和末，應募為弓箭手。 靖康初，因拒夏人，稍知名。 建炎間，從吳玠擊金人，九戰九捷。 累功至武顯郎。
Yang Zheng, styled Zhifu, was from Lingjing in Yuanzhou. In Chongning year 3 the Xia invaded in force; his father Zhong fell in battle when Zheng was only seven, yet he wailed like a grown man. His mother was struck by it: "Filial sons prove loyal ministers—will this boy enlarge our clan?" Late in Xuanhe he enlisted as an archer. Early in Jingkang he won notice by resisting the Xia. In the Jianyan years he followed Wu Jie against the Jin and won nine straight victories. Merit raised him to Wuxianlang.
52
紹興元年春，金人趨和尚原，又攻箭筈關，政引兵大破之，斬千戶一、酋長二。 遷右武大夫。 十月，金兵大集，號十萬，自寶雞列柵至原下。 吳玠與相持累日，以政統領將兵迎敵，日數十合，士卒無不一當百。 復出奇兵斷其糧道，敵少卻，遮擊之，獲萬戶及首領三百余人、甲士八百六十人。 拜恭州刺史。 時有嫉政者，以母妻尚留北境，不宜屬以兵權，玠不聽，政益感奮。
In the first year of Shaoxing spring the Jin pressed Heshang Plains and attacked Jian'guan Pass; Zheng routed them, beheading one chiliarch and two chieftains. He was promoted to Right Martial Grandee. In the tenth month the Jin massed, claiming 100,000 men, and palisaded from Baoji to the foot of the plains. Wu Jie held them for days while Zheng led the vanguard in dozens of daily clashes; every man fought as ten. He again ambushed their supply line; when they slackened he struck and took 300+ officers including myriarchs and 860 armored troops. He was made Gongzhou prefect. Envious rivals said his mother and wife still in the north disqualified him for command; Jie ignored them, and Zheng fought all the harder.
53
二年，金合步騎數千柵魚龍川口，政帥精兵劫破之。 升隴州團練使，移知方山原，軍儲芻穀在其中。 三月，金大軍來攻，城且下，政擊敗之。 選知鳳州。 三年，金攻饒風關，政從玠戰關下，凡六日。 改明州觀察使。
In year 2 the Jin massed thousands of horse and foot at Yulong River mouth; Zheng's elite raiders smashed them. Promoted Longzhou regimental trainer, he was moved to Fangshan Plains, the depot for army grain and fodder. In the third month a great Jin army attacked; the city nearly fell before Zheng beat them back. He was chosen prefect of Fengzhou. In year 3 the Jin attacked Raofeng Pass; Zheng fought six days under Jie at the pass. He was made Mingzhou observer.
54
四年，撒離喝裒精兵十萬，欲道仙人關入蜀，至上奢田。 玠築壘於關外，政曰：「此地為蜀厄塞，當堅守，時出奇擊之。」 玠用其言。 金人變態多端，政隨機應之，連日百余戰。 敵帥督戰益急，政命卒以神臂弓射之； 又選甲士千餘出山谷，斷其兵，使不得進退； 又出敵不意，夜斫其營。 敵遂遁去，追至河池而還。 授龍神衛四廂都指揮使、環慶路經略安撫使。
In year 4 Wanyan Zonghan massed 100,000 elite troops to enter Shu via Xianren Pass and reached Shangshe. Jie fortified outside the pass; Zheng said, "This is Shu's vital gate—hold it firm and strike when chances appear." Jie followed his counsel. The Jin shifted tactics endlessly; Zheng adapted, fighting more than a hundred engagements in successive days. When the enemy commander pressed hardest, Zheng had his men shoot him with divine-arm bows; then sent 1,000+ armored men from the valleys to cut the enemy column and trap them; and by night struck their camp where they did not expect it. The enemy fled; he pursued to Hechi and withdrew. He was made Dragon and Spirit Guard commander and Huanqing pacification commissioner.
55
五年，金人攻淮，玠命政帥師乘機牽制，至秦州，一戰而拔，撫定居民，秋毫無犯。 改經略安撫涇原兼帥環慶、利路。 三鎮事叢集，剖決無滯。 母留敵境，間遣人省視之，母惟勉以忠義。 九年春，和議成，始得迎母及兄弟歸。 乞祠以便養，不許。 詔封其母感義郡夫人，以政為熙河蘭鞏路經略安撫使、知熙州，進武康軍承宣使。
In year 5, when the Jin attacked the Huai, Jie ordered Zheng to pin them down; at Qinzhou he took the city in one fight, pacified the people, and harmed none. He became Jingyuan pacification commissioner while also commanding Huanqing and Li circuits. Business from three commands piled up, yet he decided every case without backlog. His mother stayed behind enemy lines; he sometimes sent visitors, and she urged only loyalty and duty. In the spring of year 9, once peace was made, he finally brought his mother and brothers home. He asked for a temple appointment to nurse her, but was refused. The court ennobled his mother Lady Ganyi, made him Xihe-Lan-Gong pacification commissioner and Xizhou prefect, and promoted him to Wukang commissioner.
56
十年，徙利州，又徙興元。 會金人渝盟，政建迎敵之策，兼川、陝宣撫副使司都統制。 政偕統制楊從義劫金人於鳳翔府城南砦，敗之，獲戰馬數百。 母卒，起復，遂帥師趣寶雞渭水上，以拒敵沖，凡大戰七，斬獲甚多。 川、陝宣撫副使胡世將奏：「鳳翔之捷，政奮不顧身，功效顯著。」 拜武當軍節度使。
In year 10 he was moved to Lizhou, then to Xingyuan. When the Jin broke the treaty, he drafted a counterattack plan and became director-in-chief under the Sichuan-Shaanxi deputy pacification commissioner. With Director Yang Congyi he raided the Jin at Fengxiang's southern stockade, routed them, and seized hundreds of horses. After his mother's death he left mourning to lead troops to the Wei above Baoji, blocking the enemy in seven major battles with heavy kills and captures. Deputy Pacification Commissioner Hu Shijiang reported: "At Fengxiang, Zheng risked his life with conspicuous merit." He was made Wudang military commissioner.
57
十一年秋，金將胡盞、習不祝合軍五萬來攻，政與吳璘、郭浩會于仙人原。 世將授以攻取之策，政出和尚原，浩出商州以為援，璘駐秦州。 政引兵夜入隴州界，遂趨吳山，與金人對壘，又敗金萬戶通檢於寶雞。 時通檢居渭北，政欲攻拔其城，通檢將精甲萬眾出，政帥勇士鏖戰，遣裨將突出陣後，登山執幟。 金軍見之，大呼曰：「伏發矣！」 乃驚潰。 政乘勝掩殺，通檢走至城門而橋已絕，遂擒之。
In the autumn of year 11 Jin generals Hu Khan and Xiebuzhu attacked with 50,000 men; Zheng joined Wu Lin and Guo Hao at Xianren Plains. Hu Shijiang gave the attack plan: Zheng from Heshang Plains, Hao from Shangzhou in support, Lin garrisoning Qinzhou. Zheng marched by night into Longzhou, rushed to Wushan to face the Jin in camp, and again defeated myriarch Tongjian at Baoji. Tongjian held the north bank; Zheng tried to take his city, but Tongjian led 10,000 elite armored troops out; Zheng fought fiercely while a lieutenant circled behind, climbed the hill, and raised banners. The Jin saw the banners and cried, "Ambush!" They panicked and broke. Zheng pursued; Tongjian reached the gate, found the bridge gone, and was captured.
58
和議成，帝召政還，軍民詣部使者借留。 及入見，條奏詳明，帝善之。 十三年，還鎮，加檢校少保，賜田五十頃。 十四年，分利州為東西兩路，政屯興元府。 久之，拜太尉。 二十七年，卒，年六十。 贈開府儀同三司，諡襄毅。
After peace the Emperor recalled him, but troops and civilians begged the commissioner to keep him. At court his reports were lucid and thorough, and the Emperor was pleased. In year 13 he returned to command, was made Junior Guardian, and received fifty qing. In year 14 Lizhou was split east and west, and Zheng garrisoned Xingyuan. Long afterward he was made Grand Marshal. In year 27 he died at sixty. Posthumously he was made Grand Preceptor with Three Excellencies honors, posthumous name Accomplished and Resolute.
59
政守漢中十八年，六堰久壞，失灌溉之利，政為修復。 漢江水決為害，政築長堤捍之。 凡利於民者不敢以軍旅廢。 休兵十餘年，未嘗升遷將士，上下安之。 政故為吳璘裨將，及與璘分道建帥，執門下之禮益恭，世頗賢之。
For eighteen years at Hanzhong he restored six ruined weirs that had long ceased to irrigate the fields. When the Han burst its banks he built a long dike to contain it. Whatever helped the people he never set aside for campaigning. Through more than ten years of peace he promoted no one, yet officers and men were content. Once Wu Lin's lieutenant, he later held a separate command yet showed even greater deference as a former subordinate—a conduct widely admired.
60
論曰：李顯忠生而神奇，立功異域，父子破家狥國，志復中原，中罹讒構，屢遭廢黜，傷哉！ 楊存中出入淮甸，無大勝負，典兵最久，貴寵獨隆，然頗能知幾，不阽禍敗，其亦有天幸者歟？ 郭浩、楊政克左右，玠、璘兄弟保全川蜀。 數君子皆人所屬倚以成功者，奈何撓於和議，頻失事機，人心沮喪，不得如吉甫、方叔，受祉振旅以成中興之業，惜哉！
The historians write: Li Xianzhong seemed marked from birth, won glory abroad, and father and son ruined themselves for the state to recover the Central Plains—yet slander drove him from office again and again. Alas! Yang Cunzhong shuttled the Huai with no great wins or losses, commanded longest, and stood alone in favor—yet he read the times and never courted ruin. Was that fortune as well? Guo Hao and Yang Zheng flanked them; the brothers Jie and Lin held Shu. These were the men the realm trusted for victory—yet peace talks thwarted them, chances slipped away, spirits sank, and unlike the classic ministers Jifu and Fangshu they could not receive Heaven's blessing, rouse the hosts, and finish the restoration. A pity!